ב

ב, בּ Bêth, 2nd letter; post Biblical Hebrew = numeral 2 (and so in margin of printed MT); ב̈̈ = 2000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.

I. בְּ prep. in (Moab. בּ, Syriac ܒ, Arabic ب, Ethiopic በ ) before tone-syllables in certain cases (Ges^{§ 102. 2}) בָּ, with suff. בִּי; בְּךָ (Ex 7:29 Kt. 2 S 22:30 ψ 141:8 בְּכָה), in pause and fem. בָּךְ; בּוֹ (once, Je 17:24 Kt בֹּה), בָּהּ; בָּנוּ; בָּכֶם, [בָּכֶן]; בָּהֶם, בָּם [also בָּהֵ֫מָּה †Ex 30:4; 36:1 Hb 1:16], בָּהֶן †1 S 31:7 Is 38:16 Ez 42:14 [15 times בָּהֵן (Fr^{MM 235}), and thrice, Lv 5:22 Nu 13:19 Je 5:17, בָּהֵ֫נָּה]. Prep. denoting properly in, Gk. ἐν, but applied in many derived and fig. significations. The senses expressed by בְּ are grouped by the Rabbis in three classes, בֵּית הַכְּלִי Beth vasculi, בֵּית הַדִּיבִּוּק וְהַנְּגִיעָה Beth coniunctionis et viciniae, בֵּית הָעֵזֶר Beth auxilii; and the same arrangement may be followed here, though the limits between the three classes are not clearly defined, and they sometimes overlap one another.

I. In: 1. strictly, of position in a place (which often is expressed more precisely by בְּקֶרֶב, בְּתוֹךְ) as בַּבַּיִת in the house, בָּעִיר in the city, בַּדּוּד in the pot, בָּאָרֶץ in the land, etc. constantly. Heb. idiom also says בָּהָר in the mountain Ex 24:18 etc., even in cases where we could hardly avoid saying on, as 1 K 11:7; 19:11: so בְּחֹרֵב Dt 1:6 al.; בְּרֹאשׁ הָהָר Ex 24:17 ψ 72:16. Preceded by a verb of motion (especially עָבַר) בְּ = through, as Gn 12:6 and Abram passed through בָּאָרֶץ in the land = passed through it, 13:17 2 S 24:2 +; in (= through) a gate, Is 62:10 Je 17:19 Mi 2:13. Fig. to speak בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of …; to be good (or evil, etc.) בְּעֵינֵי in the eyes of … 2. of presence in the midst of a multitude, among Ex 14:28 there was not left בָּהֶם among them even one, Lv 26:36 2 S 15:31 Ahitophel בַּקּשְׁרִים is among the conspirators, 2 K 18:5 בְּכֹל מַלְכֵי יְהוּדָה. So בְּךָ in thee (of Israel, coll.) Dt 7:14; 15:4, 7; 18:10; 23:11; 28:54 (diff. from עִמָּ֑ךְ beside thee Lv 25:35).—Spec. a. of an individ., implying eminency among: Jos 14:15 Je 46:18 Tabor among the mountains, 49:15 Pr 30:30 Ct 1:8 הַיָּפָה בַנָּשִׁים the fair one (= the fairest) among women, La 1:1: cf. Luke 1:42. On 1 S 17:12 v. Dr. b. hence with some verbs, when the action refers to only a part of the object, as הִכָּהַ בְּ to smite among … i.e. to smite some of … 2 S 2:31; cf. הָפַךְ בְּ Am 4:11; הָרַג בְּ ψ 78:31; נָשָׂא בְּ to bear in, i.e. to share in bearing, Nu 11:17 al.; בָּנָה בְּ to build in or at Zc 6:15 Ne 4:4; עָשָׂה בְּ Ex 5:9; עָמַל בְּ to toil on Jon 4:10 ψ 127:1; אָכַל בְּ, שָׁתָה בְּ to eat or drink of Ju 13:16 Pr 9:5; חָלַק בְּ to give a share in Jb 39:17. c. specifying the parts of which a whole consists (especially in P) Gn 7:21; 8:17; 9:10, 16; 17:23 Ex 12:19 Nu 31:11, 26 Ho 4:3. 3. with ref. to the limits enclosing a space, within: Ex 20:10 בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ within thy gates, Is 56:5 בְּחוֹמֹתַי within my walls. 4. often pregn. with verbs of motion, when the movement to a place results in rest in it, into: after בָּא Gn 19:8 Is 19:23; נָתַן Gn 27:17; שָׁלַח to send Lv 16:22; in among Jos 23:7, 12 1 K 11:2.—Ho 12:7 (an extreme case) שׁוּב בְּ to return (and rest) in thy God, 1 S 16:3 (unless לַזָּבַ֑ח should be read, as v 5).—עַיִן בְּעַיִן (with) eye (looking) into eye †Nu 14:14 Is 52:8; פָּנִים בְּפָנִים †Dt 5:4; עֵינֵי פְ׳ בְּ the eyes of … are upon, both in favourable (Dt 11:12 ψ 101:6) and hostile (Am 9:8 Jb 7:8) sense. 5. applied to time, as Gn 1:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית in the beginning; 2:2 בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי on the seventh day (v. יוֹם 7 g); Ju 10:8 בַּשָּׁנָה הַהִיא in that year; & constantly. 6. of a state or condition, whether material or mental, in which an action takes place: so בְּשָׁלוֹם in peace Gn 15:15; בַּצָּרָה ψ 81:8 בְּצָ׳ 91:15 in distress; הָלַךְ בְּתֻמּוֹ to walk in his integrity Pr 28:6; Ex 5:19 בְּרָע in evil case. 7. בְּ introduces the predicate, denoting it as that in which the subj. consists, or in which it shews itself (the Beth essentiae,—common in Arabic, especially with a ptcp. or adj. and in a negative sentence: Qor 2:79 وَمَا آللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ and God (appears) not as one remiss; 2:7 وَمَا هُمْ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ and they are not believers [comp. French en—en honnête homme]; v. W^{AG ii. § 56 a}): viz. a. a primary pred., Ex 18:4 the God of my fathers בְּעֶזְרִי was my help, ψ 146:5 Ho 13:9 (read כִּי מִי בְעֶזְרֶֽךָ ׃ with 𝔊 𝔖 Che al.); ψ 68:5 בְּיָהּ שְׁמוֹ his name consists in Yah, Jb 23:13; 37:10. With the pred. in the pl. (as pl. maj.) ψ 118:7 י׳ בְּעֹזְרָ֑י J. is my great helper, 54:5 (v. Che), Ju 11:35. b. a secondary pred., Ex 6:3 and I appeared unto them בְּאֵל שַׁדָּ֑י as God Almighty, Nu 26:53 בְּנַחֲלָה as an inheritance, 34:2; Ez 46:16: 47:14 Dt 10:22; 26:14 I have not put away therefrom בְּטָמֵא as one unclean = while unclean, 28:62 Is 40:10 בְּחָזָק יָבוֹא he cometh as a strong one, ψ 35:2 (where v. De) and rise up as my help, v 16, 39:7; 55:19; Pr 3:26; Jb 36:32 (De); cf. Dt 33:26; 1 S 17:11; Na 3:9. c. a pred. as accus., Dt 1:13 וַאֲשִׂימֵם בְּרָאשֵׁיכֶם that I may make them heads over you; Jos 21:12; Ez 20:41; Nu 18:26; 36:2; Jos 13:6, 7; 23:4; Ez 45:1; 47:22^(×2) (read יַפִּלוּ) 48:29 (v. 𝔊 Co) all בְּנַחֲלָה (cf. b.), ψ 78:55 & allotted it בְּחֶבֶל נַחֲלָה as a line of inheritance (i.e. as a measured inheritance). Is 26:4 כִּי בְּיָהּ יהוה צוּר עוֹלָמִים י׳ is different—for in Yah there is a rock of ages (cf. Qor 4:7, 47 there is sufficiency in God as a patron). d. in comparisons, ψ 37:20 consume away בֶּעָשָׁן in the form of, as, smoke 78:33; 102:4; Jb 34:36; 36:14.

II. Denoting proximity— 1. at, by (rare): Dt 2:4 1 S 29:1 בָּעַיִן by the spring; Ez 10:15, 20 בִּנְהַר כְּבָר by the river Chebar (1:3 עַל) ψ 27:6. 2. on: Gn 8:20 Nu 23:2 בַּמִּזְבֵּחַ on the altar; Ju 8:21 on the necks of the camels; 1 K 2:5 al. בְּמָתְנָיו on his loins; Is 59:17 a helmet בְּרֹאשׁוֹ on his head. 3. often with verbs of touching, approaching, taking hold of, cleaving, etc., as אָחַז, דָּבֵק, חָשַׁק, נָגַע, נָגַשׁ, קָרַב, פָּגַּע, תָּמַךְ, תָּפַשׂ (see these words). 4. with words expressing or implying an act of hostility— a. against: Gn 16:12 יָדוֹ בַכֹּל וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ his hand against all, and the hand of all against him; הָֽיְתָה יַד פְּ׳ בּ Dt 13:10; 1 S 5:9; 18:17 + often Hence after verbs (q.v.) of fighting (נִלְחַם, רִיב), going up to invade (עָלָה), being angry (הִתְעַבֵּר, אָנַף, חָרָה אַף), sinning or acting treacherously (חָטָא, בָּגַד, מָרַד, מָרָה, מָעַל, פָּשַׁע, שִׁקֵּר, כִּזֵּב, כִּחֵשׁ), testifying (עָנָה, הֵעִיד), mocking (הִלְעִיג, הֵתֵל), feeling loathing (קוּץ), rebuking (גָּעַר: proposes to protest loudly), speaking (דִּבֶּר: Nu 12:8b), etc., & even (an extreme case) Ho 7:14 יָסוּרוּ בִי they turn aside (so as to be) against me. In a weaker sense מַשְׁתִּין בַּקִּיר mingens ad parietem 1 S 25:22 al. b. down to, upon (super with accus.), especially in such phrases as דָּמָיו בּוֹ Lv 20:9 al. his blood be upon him; דָּמוֹ בְרֹאשׁוֹ his blood be upon his head Jos 2:19; שׁוּב (הֵשִׁיב י׳) בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Ju 8:57 (רָעָה), 1 K 2:33 (דָּם), v 44 (רָעָה), ψ 7:17 (עֲמָלוֹ); נָתַן דֶּרֶךְ פּ׳ בְּרֹאשׁוֹ 1 K 8:32 & often in Ez, as 9:10; 11:21.

III. 1. With— a. of accompaniment: Nu 20:20 בְּעַם כָּבֵד with much people, Jos 22:8; Ju 11:34; 1 K 10:2; 2 K 5:9; Je 41:15; Ex 21:22 and he shall give בִּפְלִלִים with arbitrators (arbitrators being employed), Is 8:16 בְּלִמֻּדָֽי׃ with my disciples, i.e. in their presence; Ex 8:1, 13 Je 11:19 עֵץ בְּלַחְמוֹ a tree with its sap (s. לֵחַ); 1 K 19:19 וְהוּא בִּשְׁנֵים הֶעָשָׂר and he with the 12th. b. often of what one takes or brings with one: Gn 32:11 בְּמַקְלִי with my staff I passed over Jordan, Ju 11:34; 15:1; 1 S 1:24; Is 7:24; Mi 6:6 al. קִדֵּם בְּ to go to meet with; בָּא בְּ to come with Lv 16:3 ψ 66:13; 71:16. (In Arabic this usage is developed more fully than in Hebrew, and أَتَى بِ lit. to come with, ذَهَبَ بِ lit. to go away with, are used idiomatically in the sense of to bring, and to take away respectively: W^{AG ii. § 56 b}.) Hence בְּאֵין, בְּאֶפֶס, בִּבְלִי, בְּלֹא = without. c. of concomitant (or surrounding) conditions, as בְּחִפָּזוֹן with (or in) haste; בְּצֶדֶק with (or in) righteousness; בִּשְׁגָגָה in error; בִּתְרוּעָה וּבְקוֹל שׁוֹפָר 2 S 6:15; often in such phrases as בְּצִדְקָֽתְךָ ψ 31:2 in thy righteousness; בְּחַסְדְּךָ in thy mercy Ex 15:13;—בְּאָשְׁרִי with my happiness! = happy am I Gn 30:13; ψ 29:4 the voice of י׳ is בַּכֹּחַ with power = is powerful; Ex 32:12 בְּרָעָה with evil purpose; ψ 73:8 בְרָע in wickedness; 90:10 בִּגְבוּרֹת with strength. 2. of the instrument or means: as a. בַּחֶרֶב with the sword Ex 5:3 etc.; בְּרַגְלַיִם with the feet Is 28:3; בְּיַד … by the hand of … (v. sub יָד); to stone בְּאֶבֶן or בָּֽאֲבָנִים with stones Lv 20:2; Nu 14:10 etc.; שָׁתָה בְּ to drink with a cup Gn 44:5; Am 6:6 (cf. in Aramaic Dn 5:2); to cry בְּגָרוֹן with the throat Is 58:1; to burn בָּאֵשׁ in or with fire (often); to slay or to perish בָּרָעָב through hunger or בַּדֶּבֶר through pestilence Ex 16:3; Je 21:9 + often (cf. Jb 27:15 בַּמָּוֶת יִקָּבֵ֑רוּ); to save with or by Ju 7:7; 1 S 14:6. b. idiom., with certain verbs, as שָׁחַק בְּ to play with Jb 40:29; עָבַד בְּ to labour with a person (as with an instrument), i.e. to use him as a slave Ex 1:14; Je 22:13; 27:7 al.; עָשָׂה בְּ Je 18:23; Ne 9:24; Dn 11:7; Est 1:15; 2:11; 3:11; 6:6; & perhaps דִּבֶּר בְּ (of God) to speak with one Nu 12:2, 8a al. (v. Ew^{§ 217 f. (3)}; Dr^{Sm ii. 23, 2}). Further בַּבַּעַל, הִתְנַבֵּא ביהוה to prophesy with or by י׳ or Baal, י׳ or Baal being the inspirer; שָׁאַל בְּ, דָּרַשׁ to inquire or ask by means of a god (or oracle). c. ביהוה through י׳ (= by His aid) in many connexions, as ψ 18:30; 44:6; 56:5, 11; 60:14 Is 26:13; 45:25 Ho 1:7 Zc 10:12; with pass. verbs Dt 33:29 Is 45:17 (to be saved): and even of the immediate cause Nu 36:2 to be commanded ביהוה by י׳, Gn 9:6 בָּאָדָם by man shall his blood be shed; cf. Ho 6:5; 12:14; 14:4 Jb 27:15. d. allied is the use of בְּ in such phrases as to bless, swear, speak, prophesy, etc., בְּשֵׁם in the name of … (i.e. the name being used or appealed to in the act) Dt 6:13 Je 11:21, etc. (so to swear ביהוה by י׳ Jos 2:12 etc., בִּימִינוֹ Is 62:8; to bless בְּךָ with thee Gn 48:20, to swear with me ψ 102:9, i.e. using my name in oath, Je 29:22); almost = in the authority and power of 1 S 17:45; 25:5; 1 K 21:8; Mi 4:5; Zc 10:12; ψ 20:6; 44:6; 89:25. e. בַּמָּה or בַּמֶּה by means of what? how? Gn 15:8; Ju 6:15; 16:5, 6, 10; 1 K 22:21; Mal 2:17. בְּזֹאת by means of this Gn 42:15, 33; Ex 7:17; Nu 16:28; with this = on this condition Gn 34:15, 22 1 S 11:2; Is 27:9. 3. of cost or price (the Beth pretii), the price, whether given or received, being treated as the instrumental means by which the act is accomplished, with, for, at the cost of: thus regularly a. with שָׂכַר hire Gn 30:16, פָּדָה redeem Ex 34:20, אֵרֵשׂ betroth 2 S 3:14, קָנָה buy 2 S 24:24; 1 K 2:23 בְּנַפְשׁוֹ at the cost of his life hath A. spoken this word, 2 S 23:17 who went בְּנַפְשׁתָם at peril of their lives, Pr 7:23; La 5:9; Jos 6:26 בִּבְכֹרוֹ יְיַסְּדֶנָּה at the price of his firstborn shall he lay its foundations, 1 Ch 12:19 בְּרָאֹשֵׁינוּ to the jeopardy of our heads he will fall away, etc. b. with מָכַר sell Dt 21:14; עָבַד serve Gn 29:18, 20; Ho 12:13; הֵמִיר exchange Lv 27:10; Ho 4:7 their glory I will exchange for ignominy, ψ 106:20; נָתַן בְּנֶשֶׁךְ to give for interest Lv 25:37; ψ 15:5; in other connexions Gn 23:9; 47:16 f.; Is 45:13; La 1:11; Ct 8:7, 11; Dt 19:21 נֶפֶשׁ בְּנֶפֶשׁ עַיִן בְּעַיִן life for life, eye for eye; Is 2:22 בַּמֶּה נֶחְשָׁב הוּא at what is he to be accounted? 7:23 a thousand vines בְּאֶלֶף כָּ֑סֶף at a thousand (shekels of) silver.—Hence (perhaps) the idiom. usages שָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה year for year, one year like another, yearly Dt 15:20 1 S 1:7 +; יוֹם בְּיוֹם (late), כְּיוֹם בְּיוֹם †1 S 18:10; כְּפַעַם בְּפַעַם (v. יוֹם, פַּעַם); חֹדֶשׁ בְּהֹדֶשׁ †1 Ch 27:1. 4. rather peculiarly, in certain cases where the object of an action may be treated as the instrument by which it is effected: as הֵנִיעַ בְּרֹאֹשׁ to shake with the head ψ 109:25 Jb 16:4 (הֵנִיעַ רֹאֹשׁ ψ 22:8 La 2:15 Is 37:22); to open with the mouth Jb 16:10, with the lips ψ 22:8; to gnash with the teeth Jb 16:9 (to gnash the teeth ψ 35:16); to wink with the eye Pr 6:13 (to wink the eye, ib. 10:10); נָתַן בְּקוֹל to utter with the voice ψ 46:7; 68:34 Je 12:8 (but נָתַן קוֹל is more common); to stretch out with the hand La 1:17; הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶּה (unusual) Ex 7:20. So קָרָא בְּשֵׁם to call with the name—in diff. senses, according to the context, viz. to proclaim Ex 33:19; 34:5; Is 44:5; ψ 49:12; to invoke Gn 4:26; 12:8; 1 K 18:24–26; Is 12:4; to name honourably Is 43:1; 45:3. Cf. Ew^{§ 282 d} Ges^{§ 119. 3 b R.} W^{AG ii. § 56 b β} De Jb 31:12; Pr 20:30. 5. with a causal force, through, on account of: Gn 18:28 הֲתַשְׁחִית בַּחֲמִשָּׁה wilt thou destroy on account of five the whole city? Lv 26:39 Nu 16:26; Dt 9:4, 5; 24:16; אִישׁ בְּחֶטְאוֹ יוּמָֽתוּ׃ they shall be put to death, each because of his own sin (cf. Je 31:30; Ez 3:18, v. 18:17) 2 S 3:27; 14:7 (cf. Jon 1:14) Is 7:4 (‖ מִן) 28:7 (‖ מִן) 50:1; 53:5; 57:17; Je 51:46; ψ 5:8, 11; 6:8 (‖ מִן) 31:10; 32:3; 42:10; 90:9; 94:23. So in בַּאֲשֶׁר, בִּגְלַל (v. אֲשֶׁר, גָּלָל), & (sometimes) in בִּדְבַר at, through, the word of.… 6. of the material with which a work is wrought, both absol. עָשָׁה בַזָּהָב to work with gold Ex 31:4; 1 K 7:14; and to make a thing with (in our idiom, of) gold Ex 38:8; Ez 7:20; 1 K 15:22 (בָּנָה). Without a verb Lv 13:52; 2 Ch 9:18. 7. with for although, in spite of (cf. Germ. bei alle dem): Lv 26:27; Nu 14:11 בְּכֹל הָאֹתוֹת in spite of all the signs that I have wrought, Dt 1:32; Is 47:9; ψ 27:3; especially in the phrase בְּכָל־זֹאת for all this Is 5:25; 9:11, 16, 20; 10:4; ψ 78:32 al. (Cf. in Arabic بِمَا Qor 9:25.) 8. of a standard of measurement or computation, with, by: Ex 12:4 בְּמִכְסַת נְפָשֹׁת by the computation of souls; Lv 5:25 al. בְּעֶרְכְּךָ by thy reckoning; Ez 4:10; בְּמִסְפָּר by number Dt 25:2 +; בְּמִסְפַּר … by the number of … Lv 25:15, 50; Nu 1:2, etc.; בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ Ex 30:13 al. (in P); בָּאַמָּה often (v. אַמָּה); Dt 3:11 בְּאַמַּת אִישׁ by the cubit of a man; 2 S 14:26 בְּאֶבֶן הַמֶּלֶךְ. Of a model, Gn 1:26 בְּצַלְמֵנוּ in our image, 5:1, 3; Ex 25:40; בְּדֶרֶךְ with the way (= in the manner) of … Is 10:24, 26; Am 4:10.

IV. בְּ is used also with certain classes of verbs, though the explanation of its use may be sometimes doubtful: viz. a. with verbs of taking refuge, trusting, relying, as הֶאֱמִין, בָּטַח, חָסָה, נִשְׁעַן. b. with verbs of ruling, governing, restraining, as מָלַךְ, מָשַׁל, נָגַשׂ, עָצַר, רָדָה, שָׁלַט. c. with verbs of rejoicing, feeling pleasure or satisfaction, etc., as גִּיל, עָלַץ, שׂוּשׂ, שָׂמֵחַ, חָפֵץ, רָצָה, שָׂבַע (but with this verb מִן is more common). [Prob. a case of III. 5.] d. with verbs expressive of sensible perception, to denote the pleasurable or attentive exercise of the faculty concerned, as שָׁמַע בְּ to listen to, הִבִּיט בְּ, רָאָה, חָזָה, to look upon, הֵרִיחַ בְּ to smell at (see these words). e. occasionally also with verbs of speaking, thinking, mentioning, knowing, to denote the object of the action, as דִּבֶּר בְּ to speak about Dt 6:7; ψ 87:3 al. (v. sub דִּבֶּר); הִלֵּל בְּ, הָגָה, שִׂיחַ ψ 44:9; 63:7; 69:13; יָדַע Je 38:24; זָכַר once Je 3:16, הִזְכִּיר often; ψ 71:6 בְּךָ תְהִלָּתִי of thee is my praise.

V. Followed by an inf. c., בְּ forms a periphrasis for the gerund, though in English it is commonly to be rendered by a verb and conj., viz.:— 1. as a temporal conj., as Gn 2:4 בְּהִבָּֽרְאָם in their being created = when they were created, 4:8 בִּהְיוֹתָם in their being (= when they were) in the field; and constantly. Sometimes it has in appearance the force of after that, as Gn 33:18 Ex 3:12; 13:17; but as a rule this is really due to the action denoted by the inf. being treated as extending over a period within which the action of the principal verb takes place: so especially in the phrase בְּצֵאת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרַיִם, even of events at the close of the 40 years, Dt 4:45; 23:5 Jos 5:4; the whole period being treated as that in which Egypt was left (comp. 2 K 2:1, where the time included is future). Cases, however, occur in which this explanation will hardly apply, as Dt 27:4, 12. 2. as a causal conj. (cf. above iii. 5), as Gn 19:16 בְּחֶמְלַת י׳ עָלָיו through J.’s having compassion upon him, Ex 16:7; 33:16; 34:29 Dt 1:27 בְּשִׂנְאַת י׳ אֹתָנוּ through J.’s hating us, etc. (9:28 similarly מִן), 1 K 18:18 (= in that ye have …) Ez 9:8; 43:8; 44:7 2 Ch 28:6. 3. as a concessive conj., when = though: Is 1:15 ψ 46:3 בְּהָמִיר אָ֑רֶץ though the earth do change.

Note. —Ex 10:12 בָּאַרְבֶּה can only be rendered ‘with the locusts,’ the locusts being conceived as implicit in Moses’ uplifted hand: but prob. לָאַרְבֶּה should be read. Thrice in late Heb. בְּ is used peculiarly: 1 Ch 7:23 for with misfortune was it in his house (בְּרָעָה chosen for the purpose of explaining בְּרִיעָה); 9:33 עֲלֵיהֶם בַּמְּלָאכָה it devolved upon them with the work; Ezr 3:3 for with terror (was it) upon them from the peoples of the countries (the sentence without a verb as often in Chr.: Dr^{Intr. 504 f.}): cf. 8:34. Comp. Ew^{§ 295 f.}

† בְּמוֹ poet. for בְּ (v. sub מוֹ: cf. Sab. בם, DHM^{ZMG 1883, 344}) Is 25:10 Qr (< Kt בְּמֵי) 43:2; 44:16, 19 ψ 11:2 Jb 9:30 Kt (> Qr בְמֵי) 16:4, 5; 19:16; 37:8.

II. בְּ perhaps abbrev. in n.pr. for בֶּן־, בֵּית q.v.

בִּאָה v. sub בּוֹא.

† [באר] vb. only Pi. make distinct, plain (so NH, Aramaic; Lag^{BN 58} prop. for Qal בָּאֵר, בָּאֹר, cf. deriv. infr.; Thes & most comp. Arabic بَأَرَ dig a pit or well, but this prob. denom. v. Lag^l.c.)—

Pi. Pf. 3 ms. בֵּאֵר Dt 1:5, Imv. בָּאֵר Hb 2:2; Inf. abs. בַּאֵר Dt 27:8 (cf. Bö^{§393, 4})—make distinct, plain, of letters on tablets Hb 2:2 כְּתֹב חָזוֹן וּבָאֵר עַל־הַלֻּחוֹת לְמַעַן יָרוּץ קוֹרֵא בוֹ, i.e. so that one may run past and (still) read; or, so that one may read swiftly; on stones Dt 27:8וְכָתַבְתָּ עַל־הָאֲבָנִים … בַּאֵר הֵיטֵב and thou shalt write upon the [whitewashed] stones all the words of this law, doing it plainly and well; fig. explain, expound Dt 1:5 הוֹאִיל מֹשֶׁה בֵּאֵר הַתּוֹרָה Moses began (and) expounded the law.

† בְּאֵר n.f. ^{Gn 26:21} well, pit, mostly Hex, Gn 23 times Ex 1 times Nu 5 times, 37 times in all; Arabic بِئْرٌ, Aramaic בְּאֵרָא, בֵּיר, בֵּירָא, ܒܻܪܳܐ, Sab. באר DHM^{ZMG 1875, 608}, Assyrian bêru, Lyon^{Sargon 61} (connexion with above √ not clear; Lag^l.c. spring of water, as coming to light, appearing; possible, although meaning in use rather well, than spring; v. however, Gn 16:14 cf. v 7; 26:19 Nu 21:17)—בּ׳ abs. Gn 21:30 +; cstr. 21:19 +; sf. בְּאֵרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15; Pl. abs. בְּאֵרֹת Gn 26:15; cstr. id. 26:18; cf. בֶּאֱרֹת בֶּאֱרֹת חֵמָר Gn 14:10;—

1. a well, often as made by digging (חָפַר) Gn 21:25, 30 (E), 26:15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 32 (all J), also poet. Nu 21:18 (+ כרה) vid. also v 16, 17 (where the well addressed, in song, עֲלִי בְאֵר); also c. כרה in prose Gn 26:25; also with no ref. to its origin Gn 16:14 (J; ‖ עַיִן v 7) 29:2 Ex 2:15 (J) Nu 20:17 21:22 (E) 2 S 17:18, 21; בְּאֵר (ה)מַיִם Gn 21:19 (E) 24:11 (J; ‖ עַיִן vv 13, 16, 43, 45); (cf. also 21:25; 26:18 supr. & especially v 19 בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים); water taken from it by drawing (שָׁאַב) Gn 24:11, 20; flocks watered from it (הִשְׁקָה מִן־) 29:2, 3, 8, 10 (cf. especially Ex 2:16 they drew, דלה, and filled the troughs); also שְׁתֵה מַיִם … מִתּוֹךְ בְּאֵרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15 (‖ בּוֹר); the opening called פִּי הַבְּאֵר Gn 29:2, 3^(×2) 8, 10; cf. פְּנֵי הַבּ׳ 2 S 17:19 (read prob. פּי so Sam. 𝔗 𝔖 𝔙, cf. Dr); fig. of fresh delights of woman beloved Ct 4:15 מַעְיַן גַּנִּים בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים וְנוֹזְלִים מִן־לְבָנוֹן.

2. pit (= בּוֹר); pits of bitumen Gn 14:10 (cf. supr.); בְּאֵר שַׁחַת ψ 55:24 pit of (the) grave; cf. 69:16 וְאַל־תֶּאְטַר עָלַי בְּאֵר פִּיהָ and let not (the) pit shut its mouth over me (‖ מְצוּלָה); fig. of strange woman בְּאֵר צָרָה a narrow pit, out of which rescue is difficult Pr 23:27 (‖ שׁוּחָה עֲמֻקָּה).

3. as n.pr.loc. a. c. ָה loc. בְּאֵ֫רָה a station of Isr. in desert Nu 21:16, possibly = בְּאֵר אֵילִים Is 15:8. b. same form Ju 9:21, according to Euseb. Lag^{Onom.238, 2nd ed. 250} 8 miles north of Eleutheropolis; cf. Rob^{BR i. 452} who comp. el-Bîreh, near Beth-shemesh.

בְּאֵר אֵילִים v. בְּאֵר 3. a.

† בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי n.pr.loc. (lit. well of the living One that seeth me) Gn 16:14 (where explan., from story of Hagar) 24:62; 25:11 (all J); perhaps name of ancient shrine or holy place, לַחַי perhaps orig. i. לְחִי Jaw(-bone); on n.pr.loc. cpd. with לחי, γνάθος, v. 𝔊 Ju 15:9 We^{Prol. 344} Nes^{Am. J. Sem. Lang. xiii (1897), 176}. cf. Sta^{ZAW ii, 347} & Di Gn 16:14; W. of Kadesh, cf. Jer sub Barad, Lag^{Onom. 101, 2nd ed. 135}, v. Rowlands in Williams ^{Holy City, 489} Trumbull ^{Kadesh-Barnea 64}.

† בְּאֵר שֶׁ֫בַע n.pr.loc. Beersheba (well of seven, explained Gn 21:30, 31 as place of swearing by seven lambs, or, well of oath, v. שְׁבֻעָה; cf. same meaning otherwise derived 26:33)—בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Gn 26:33 + 13 times, בְּאֵר־שֶׁבַע Jos 19:2; בְּאֵר שָׁ֑בַע Gn 21:14 + 18 times; בְּאֵ֫רָה שֶׁבַע (ָה loc.) Gn 46:1—south from Hebron, according to Onom. c. 20 miles Lag^{Onom. 103, 234, 2nd ed. 138, 248}; mod. Bîr-es-Seba, 12 h. from Hebron Rob^{BR i. 204 f.} Survey^{iii. 394} Gn 21:14, 31, 32, 33; 22:19^(×2) 26:23, 33; 28:10; 46:1, 5 Jos 15:28; 19:2 Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20; 8:2 2 S 17:11; 24:7 1 K 19:3 2 K 12:2; 23:8 Am 5:5 1 Ch 4:28 2 Ch 19:4; 24:1 Ne 11:27, 30; in phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בּ׳ from Dan to Beersheba (i.e. all the territory of Israel, v. דָּן) Am 8:14 Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20 2 S 3:10; 17:11; 24:2, 15 1 K 5:5, & (only Ch) מִבְּאֵר שֶׁבַע וְעַד־דָּן from Beersheba to Dan 1 Ch 21:2 2 Ch 30:5.

† בְּאֵרָא n.pr.m. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:37.

† בְּאֵרָה n.pr.m. a Reubenite 1 Ch 5:6.

† בְאֵרוֹת n.pr.loc. (but only 2 S 4:2 according to Masorah, v. BD Ezr 2:25 elsewhere בְּאֵרֹת), city of the Gibeonites Jos 9:17; assigned to Benjamin 2 S 4:2 Jos 18:25; cf. also Ezr 2:25 Ne 7:29; mod. el-Bîreh Rob^{BR i, 452} Bd^{Pal. 214} Survey^{iii. 88}.

† בְאֵרֹתִי adj.gent. always c. art. 2 S 4:2, 5, 9, 23:37 = הַבֵּרֹתִי 1 Ch 11:39; pl. הַבְּאֵרֹתִים 2 S 4:3.

† בְּאֵרֹת בְּנֵי־יַעֲקָן n.pr.loc. Dt 10:6 (cf. Nu 33:31, 32, where בני יעקן), a station of Isr. in desert, prob. in country of Horites, cf. Di.

† בְּאֵרִי n.pr.m. (my well). < the man from Beer? Nes^l.c..

1. a Hittite, Esau’s father-in-law Gn 26:34.

2. Hosea’s father Ho 1:1.

† [בֹאר] n.m. Je 2, 13 cistern, pit, well (for בְּאֹר cf. בּוֹר)—sg. Kt באר 2 S 23:15, 16, 20 (Qr בֹּר); appar. well v 15, 16 (read perhaps בְּאֵר), pit v 20; pl. Je 2:13 me they have forsaken, the fountain of living water, לַחְצֹב לָהֶם בֹּארוֹת בֹּארֹת נִשְׁבָּרִים, to hew out for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns, etc.

† I. בּוֹר n.m. ^{Gn 37:20} pit, cistern, well (= בְּאֹר, MI בר, Arabic بُؤْرَةٌ hole or hollow for cooking, Assyrian bûrtum Dl^{Pr 182}, bûru Lotz ^{TP 169})—בּ׳ abs. Gn 37:22 +; בֹּר Ex 21:33 (2 S 23:20 Qr, v. באר supr.); cstr. בּוֹר 2 K 10:14 + (2 S 23:15, 16 Qr, v. באר supr.); בֹּ֫רָה (ָה loc.) Gn 37:24; sf. בּוֹרוֹ Is 36:16 = בֹּרוֹ 2 K 18:31; בּוֹרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15; pl. בֹּרוֹת Gn 37:20 + 3 times; בֹּרֹת Dt 6:11:—

1. cistern, containing water, made by digging (חצב) Dt 6:11 2 Ch 26:10 Ne 9:25; also (without ref. to origin) Pr 5:15 (‖ בְּאֵר), Lv 11:36 (‖ מַעְיָן), 1 S 19:22 Is 36:16 = 2 K 18:31.

2. later appar. well (= בְּאֵר) 1 Ch 11:17, 18 = Qr 2 S 23:15, 16 (yet now no well at Bethlehem Rob^{BR i. 470, 473} cf. also Survey^{iii. 28} Guérin ^{Judée i. 130}) cf. Ec 12:6 & Je 6:7 Kt כְּהָקִיר בו֯ר מֵימֶיהָ as a well casteth out its water (Qr בַּיִר); but הקיר perhaps keep cool, fresh 𝔊 𝔙 Hi Gf

3. pit Ex 21:33 (vb. פתח), v 33 (כרה), cf. v 34; cf. fig. ψ 7:16 of wickedness (‖ שַׁחַת; vb. כרה, חפר); 1 S 13:6 as hiding-place; 2 S 23:20 (Qr) = 1 Ch 11:22 2 K 10:14 בּוֹר בֵּית עֵ֫קֶד; of pit into wh. Joseph was cast Gn 37:20, 22, 24 (וְהַבּוֹר רֵק אֵין בּוֹ מ֑יִם) v 28, 29^(×2) (JE) cf. further Je 41:7, 9; fig. of Sarah as mother of Israel מַקֶּבֶת בּ׳ Is 51:1; fig. of calamity ψ 40:3 בּוֹר שָׁאוֹן; cf. ψ 88:7 בּ׳ תַּחְתִּיּוֹת.

4. dungeon (pit with no water in it Je 38:6 Zc 9:11 cf. Gn 37:24 supr.) Gn 40:15; 41:14 (E) Is 24:22 Je 38:6^(×2) (בּ׳ אֵין מַיִם) v 7, 9, 10, 11, 13; also בֵּית הַבּוֹר prison Ex 12:29 Je 37:16; fig. of exile Zc 9:11 (מִבּוֹר אֵין מַיִם בּוֹ); cf. also La 3:53, 55.

5. (poet. & late; never c. art.) pit of the grave Pr 28:17; so אַבְנֵי ב׳ stones of the pit Is 14:19 (of sepulchre, walled with stones) & of Sh^eʾôl ψ 30:4 (‖ שׁאול); יַרְכְּתֵי ב׳ loins of (the) pit, i.e. remotest pit Is 14:15 (‖ שׁאול) Ez 32:23 especially in phrase יוֹרְדֵי בוֹר those going down to (the) pit ψ 28:1; 143:7 Is 38:18 Ez 26:20; 32:25, 29, 30; also, (‖ שׁאול), ψ 88:5 Pr 1:12; further Ez 26:20 32:18, 24 (all ‖ אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּיּוֹת), 31:14, 16 (both ‖ אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּית; v 14 ‖ also מָוֶת, v 16 שְׁאוֹל).

† בּוֹר הַסִּרָה n.pr.loc. 2 S 3:26 (cistern of Sirah, Thes cist.declinationis, MV of the pot, v. סיר)

† בּוֹר עָשָׁן (so read for ordinary כור ע׳, v. BD ^{Gn, p. vi.} 𝔊 𝔖) n.pr.loc. 1 S 30:30 (smoking pit), in S.W. of Judah; elsewhere עָשָׁן q.v.

בַּיִר Qr Je 6:7 v. בּוֹר (supra).

† בֵּרִי n.pr.m. a descendant of Asher 1 Ch 7:36 (perhaps = בְּאֵרִי).

† בֵּרוֹ֫תָה n.pr.loc. near Hamath Ez 47:16 (contr.from בְּאֵרוֹתָה?), cf. foll.;—hardly = Berytus (Beirût) with wh. form of name might agree v. Steph. Byzant. al. in Movers^{Phen. ii. i, 110 n.}; perhaps Bereitān near Baalbek, v. Furrer ^{ZPV viii, 34.}

† בֵּרֹתַי n.pr.loc. belonging to Hadabezer of Zoba 2 S 8:8; perhaps = foregoing.

† בֵּרֹתִי adj.gent. 1 Ch 11:39 v הַבְּאֵרֹתִי supr.

† בָּאַשׁ vb. have a bad smell, stink (Arabic بِئْسَ be evil, Aramaic בְּאֵשׁ, ܒܶܐܫ be evil, Assyrian bîšu Lotz ^{TP 78})—

Qal Pf. וּבָאַשׁ consec. Ex 7:18; Impf. וַיִּבְאַשׁ v 21, ־אַ֑שׁ 16:20; 3 fs. תִּבְאַשׁ Is 50:2; וַתִּבְאַשׁ Ex 8:10;—stink, of Nile, on account of dead fish Ex 7:18, 21 (E); of land of Egypt, owing to dead frogs 8:10 (J); of manna kept over 16:20 (P? or R) וַיָּרֻם תּוֹלָעִים וַיִּבְאַ֑שׁ and it grew foul (rotten, decayed) with worms, and stank; Is 50:2 תִּבְאַשׁ דְּגָתָם מֵאֵין מַיִם וְתָמֹת בַּצָּמָא their fish stink for lack of water, etc. (𝔊 Lo Di read תִּיבַשׁ, dry up and die, which suits ‖, but not the usage of יָבֵשׁ).

Niph. Pf. נִבְאַשׁ 1 S 13:4; נִבְאֲשׁוּ 2 S 10:6; נִבְאַשְׁתָּ 2 S 16:21;—only fig. make oneself odious, become odious (cf. Eng. be in bad odour), sq. אֵת with = towards; נִבְאַשְׁתָּ אֶת־אָבִיךָ 2 S 16:21 thou hast become odious with thy father; also sq. בְּ (rather strangely) 1 S 13:4 Isr. made themselves odious to the Philistines; 2 S 10:6 Ammonites to David.

Hiph. Pf. הִבְאִישׁ Ex 16:24; 1 S 27:12; הִבְאִישׁוּ ψ 38:6; הִבְאַשְׁתֶּם Ex 5:21; Impf. יַבְאִישׁ Pr 13:5; Ec 10:1; Inf. abs. הַבְאֵשׁ 1 S 27:12; cstr. sf. לְהַבְאִישֵׁנִי Gn 34:30;— 1. emit a stinking odour Ex 16:24 of manna (cf. Qal v 20); ψ 38:6 הִבְאִישׁוּ נָמַקּוּ חַבּוּרֹתָ֑י my wounds have grown stinking, they have festered (of chastisement for sin); 1 S 27:12 fig. of David הַבְאֵשׁ הִבְאִישׁ בְּעַמּוֹ he hath become utterly abhorred among his people. 2. cause to stink, זְבוּבֵי מָוֶת יַבְאִישׁ יַבִּיעַ שֶׁמֶן רוֹקֵ֑חַ dead flies cause to stink (and) to ferment the oil of a perfumer Ec 10:1; usually fig. הִבְאַשְׁתֶּם אֶת־רֵיחֵנוּ Ex 5:21 (J), i.e. ye have made us odious, sq. בְּעֵינֵי, cf. (c. acc. pers.) Gn 34:30 sq. בְ; also without obj. Pr 13:5 a wicked man makes odious and shameful (De Now Str; Be Ew Hi Zö acts odiously and shamefully).

Hithp. Pf. הִתְבָּאֲשׁוּ 1 Ch 19:6 they had made themselves odious (= Niph. in ‖ 2 S 10:6), sq. עִם.

† בְּאֹשׁ n.m. stench—בּ׳ cstr. Am 4:10; sf. בָּאְשׁוֹ Jo 2:20; בָּאְשָׁם Is 34:3;—בּ׳ מַחֲנֵיכֶם, i.e. stench of corpses Am 4:10, also Is 34:3; cf. Jo 2:20 of locusts עָלָה בּ׳ (‖ תַּעַל צַחֲנָתוֹ).

† בָּאְשָׁה n.f. (stinking things) stinking or noxious weeds, Jb 31:40 תַּחַת חִטָּה יֵצֵא חוֹחַ וְתַחַת־שְׂעֹרָה בָאְשָׁה instead of wheat may there spring forth bramble, and instead of barley stinking weeds (cf. Assyrian bîšu Zehnpfund ^{BAS I. 633}).

† בְּאֻשִׁים n.[m.]pl. stinking or worthless things, wild grapes (NH n. unit. בְּאוּשָׁה) (perhaps adj. om. עֲנָבִים cf. Di) Is 5:2, 4 of Yahweh’s vineyard, 𝔙 labruscae (v. further De).

† [בָּבָה] n.f. only בָּבַת עֵינוֹ Zc 2:12 the apple of his eye (Aramaic ܒܳܒܬܳܐ ܕܥܰܝܢܳܐ; בָּבָא gate 𝔗 Est 5:14; Thes sub נבב to which Ges gives sense perforate, hence opening of eye; but cf. Arabic بُؤْبُؤْ عين pupil of eye, perhaps = بَنَّةٌ Dozy ⁴⁹ babe, baby, bébé (imitating infant’s prattle) i.e. child of the eye; v. Hi St, Fl in ChWB ^{i. 419 b}; cf. אישׁוֹן?)

בֵּבַי n.pr.m. a chief of returning exiles בֵּבָ֑י Ne 10:16; בְּנֵי בֵבַי Ezr 8:11; בֶּן־בֵּבָ֑י Ezr 8:11; בְּנֵי בֵבָ֑י Ezr 2:11; 10:28; Ne 7:16.

בָּבֶ֫ל₂₆₂ n.pr.loc. Babel, Babylon (in Assyrian written Bâb-ili, gate of god Dl^{Pa 212}, cf. on other hand Jen^{Kosmol. 498})—c. ָהloc. בָּבֶ֫לָה Ez 12:13 +, בָּבֶ֑לָה 2 K 20:17 + once מִכָּבֶ֫לָה Je 27:16;—the ancient capital of Babylonia, mod. Hillah, situated on Euphrates, in long. c. 44° 30’ E., and lat. c. 32° 50’ N.; Gn 10:10; 11:9 (where name connected with בלל confuse, confound), both J, not elsewhere in Hex; 2 K 17:24 + 31 times 2 K; 18 times Chr; Est 2:6; late ψ 87:4; 137:1, 8; Is 2, 3, viz. 13:1, 9; 14:4, 22; 21:9; 39:1, 3, 6, 7; 43:14; 47:1; 48:14, 20; Mi 4:10 (but here prob. not orig., cf. RS^{Proph. vii. n. 5} & reff.) Zc 2:11; 6:10 Dn 1:1 Ez 12:13 + 19 times Ez; Je 20:4^(×2) 5, 6 + 165 times Je;—note especially אֶרֶץ בּ׳ Je 50:28; also of land & people = realm, partic. in מֶלֶךְ בּ׳ 2 K 20:12 of Merodach Baladan; v 18; 24:1, 7, 11, 12^(×2) + often of Nebuchadrezzar; 2 K 25:27 = Je 52:31 cf. v 34 of Evil-Merodach; Ne 13:6 of Artaxerxes; the city personif. as בַּת בָּבֶל Is 47:1 Je 50:42. (See Dl^{Pa 212} COT Gn 11:9; KG 95.)

בַּג Ez 25:7 read בַּז v. בזז.

† [בָּגַד] vb. act or deal treacherously—

Qal Pf. בָּֽגְדָה Je 3:20 + 14 times; Impf. יִבְגֹּד Mal 2:15 + 5 times; נִבְגַּד Mal 2:10; Inf. abs. בָּגוֹד Is 48:8; Je 5:11; cstr. בְּגֹד Is 33:1; בִּגְדוֹ Ex 21:8; Pt. בֹּגֵד Pr 22:12 + 11 times; בּוֹגֵד Is 33:1 + 10 times—act or deal treacherously, faithlessly, deceitfully, in the marriage relation, in matters of property or right, in covenants, in word and in general conduct. a. abs. 1 S 14:33; Jb 6:15 ψ 78:57; Is 24:16; 33:1^(×2); 48:8 Mal 2:11. Cf. phrases אחי בגדו כמו נחל my brethren have dealt deceitfully as a brook Jb 6:15; בֹּגְדִים בָּגָ֑דוּ וּבֶגֶד בּוֹגְדִים בָּגָ֑דוּ the treacherous have dealt treacherously, yea in treachery have the treacherous dealt treacherously Is 24:16 (striking alliteration); בֹּגְדֵי אָוֶן treacherous in wickedness ψ 59:6. b. with בְּ Ex 21:8 (E), Ju 9:23; Is 33:1^(×2) Je 3:20; 5:11; 12:6; La 1:2; Ho 5:7; 6:7; Mal 2:10, 14, 15, 16. c. c. acc. ψ 73:15. d. c. מִן pregnant, בָּֽגְדָה אִשָּׁה מֵרֵעָהּ acteth treacherously (in departing) from her friend Je 3:20. The ptcp. is used Pr 2:22 + 8 times, ψ 25:3; 59:6; 119:158 Is 21:2; 24:16^(×2); 33:1 Je 3:8, 11; 9:1 Hb 1:13; 2:5; בֹּגְדֵי בָ֑גֶד dealers treacherously in treachery (very treacherously) Je 12:1.

† I. בֶּ֫גֶד n.[m.] treachery, Is 24:16; Je 12:1.

† בֹּגְדוֹת pl.abst. אַנְשֵׁי בֹגְדוֹת men of treachery Zp 3:4.

† [בָּגוֹד] adj. treacherous, f. בָּֽגוֹדָה (on form cf. Ew^{§ 152 b} Nö^{§ 107}) Je 3:7, 10.

II. בֶּ֫גֶד n.m. (except Lv 6:20 עָלֶיהָ, but Sam. עליו, Ez 42:14; Pr 6:27, cf. Kö^{i, 482}) garment, covering—Gn 28:2 + 36 times; sf. בִּגְדוֹ Ez 9:3 + (14 times without dag. lene Ges^{Lbg 94}); pl. בְּגָדִים Lv 6:4 + 32 times; cstr. בִּגְדֵי Gn 27:15 + 39 times; sf. בְּגָדֶיךָ 1 K 22:20 + 81 times בִּגְדֹתֶיךָ ψ 45:9;—

1. garment, clothing, raiment, robe of any kind, from the filthy clothing of the leper to the holy robes of the high priest, the simplest covering of the poor as well as the costly raiment of the rich and noble, used throughout Heb. Lit.: Gn 24:53 (J), 28:20 (E; 14 times JE), Ex 28:2 + (P 90 times), Dt 24:17 Ju 8:26 + 4 times 1 S 19:13 + 10 times, 1 K 1:1 + 23 times, 2 Ch 18:9 + (Chr 9 times), Est 4:1, 4; Jb 13:28; 22:6; 37:17 ψ 22:19; 45:9; 102:27; 109:19; Pr 6:27; 20:16; 25:20; 27:13 Ec 9:8 Is 2; 24:16; 36:22; 37:1; Is 3; 50:9 + 10 times, Je 12:1 + 3 times, Ez 16:16 + 13 times, Jo 2:13; Am 2:8; Hg 2:12; Zc 3:3, 4, 5; 14:14; מְלֹא בִגְדוֹ his lap-ful 2 K 4:39.

2. covering, wrapping, of furniture of tabernacle Nu 4:6–13 (6 times); coverlet of a bed 1 S 19:13.

† בִּגְוַי n.pr.m. (cf. Skr. bhagavân, happy?)

1. a companion of Zerubbabel Ezr 2:2 = Ne 7:7; perhaps = head of a family of returning exiles Ezr 2:14 (בִּגְוָ֑י) = Ne 7:19, cf. Ezr 8:14.

2. a chief of the people in Nehemiah’s time Ne 10:17; cf. Sm^{Listen 13}.

בִּגְלַל v. גלל.

† בִּגְתָא n.pr.m. (Pers. cf. אֲבַגְתָא) a eunuch of Ahasuerus Est 1:10.

† בִּגְתָן n.pr.m. (Pers. bagadâna, gift of God?) a eunuch of Ahasuerus Est 2:21 = בִּגְתָנָא 6:2.

בִּגְתָ֫נָא v. foregoing.

† I. בַּד, בָּ֑ד n.[m.] white linen (deriv. unknown) pl. בַּדִּים—אֵפוֹד בָּ֑ד 1 S 2:18 (Samuel), 1 S 22:18 (priests of Nob), 2 S 6:14 = 1 Ch 15:27 (David): in P as material of diff. priestly vestments Ex 28:42; 39:28 Lv 6:3^(×2) 16:4^(×4), 23, 32. Pl. (ה)לבושׁ (הַ)בַּדִּים clad in (the) linen garments, of angel Ez 9:2, 3, 11; 10:2, 6, 7; Dn 10:5; 12:6, 7.

II, III. בַּד v. sub I, II. בדד.

† בָּדָא vb. devise, invent (bad sense) (Mish. id., Aramaic בְּדָא, ܒܕܳܐ invent; cf. Arabic بَدَأَ begin, make a beginning)—

Qal Pf. בָּדָא 1 K 12:33; Pt. sf. בּוֹדָאם (instead of בּוֹדְאָם) Ne 6:8—Jeroboam devised a feast in 8th month 1 K 12:33; invent accusation Ne 6:8.

† I. [בָּדַד] vb. be separate, isolated (Arabic بَدَّ cause to withdraw; ii. separate, disunite, Gn 11:8 Saad.; iv. divide into parts; x. go alone, act independently), only Pt. בּוֹדֵד Is 14:31 (of straggler in army), Ho 8:9 פֶּרֶא בוֹדֵד לוֹ a wild-ass (sim. of Ephr.) going alone for itself (i.e. wilfully: v. sub לְ), ψ 102:8 (of bird sitting solitarily).

II. בַּד, בָ֑ד n.m. separation concr. part (بِدٌّ, بِدَّةٌ portion)—sf. (always with לְ) לְבַדִּי, לְבַדּוֹ etc., 3 f. pl. †Gn 21:28 לְבַדְּהֶן, v 29 לְבַדָּ֫נָה;—

1. with לְ, only in sg., לְבַד proposes in a state of (v sub לְ) separation, alone, by itself (Fr à part). a. Ex 26:9 (= 36:16) five curtains לְבַד by themselves, and six curtains לְבַד by themselves, Ju 7:5 him shalt thou set לבד apart, Zc 12:12–14. b. with sf. (89 times) to express the idea of by oneself, alone (proposes in his, thy, my separation), Gn 2:18 it is not good for man to be לְבַדּוֹ alone, 21:28 and A. set the seven lambs לְבַדְּהֶן by themselves (lit. in their separation), 32:17; 43:32; 2 S 10:8; Is 5:8; Gn 42:38 הוּא לְבַדּוֹ he alone, Ex 18:14 אַתָּה לְבַדְּךָ thou alone, Nu 11:14 אָנֹכִי לְבַדִּי I alone, 1 K 19:10, 14; Dt 8:3 not upon bread alone, 29:13; 2 S 13:32; 18:24; Is 44:24; 49:21; 63:3 +; after an oblique case, as a dat. Ex 22:19; Ju 3:20 ψ 51:6 לְךָ לְבַדְּךָ against thee alone have I sinned; a genit. 71:16 I will make mention of צִדְקָֽתְךָ לְבַדֶּֽךָ׃ the righteousness of thee alone. c. as adv. of limitation, †Is 26:13 only through thee do we celebrate thy name, Ex 7:29. d. followed by מִן it becomes a prep., apart from, besides, Ex 12:37; Nu 29:39; Dt 3:5; 18:8 (read מִמְּכָרָיו with 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 Aq Ew Di) Ju 8:26; 20:15 al. (15 times); once, Ezr 1:6, with עַל instead of מִן. e. מִלְּבַד₃₃ (prob. inverted for לְבַד מִן) besides (chiefly P and late): Gn 26:1; 46:26; Lv 9:17; 23:38 (4 times) Nu 5:8; 6:21; 17:14 + 12 times Nu 28–29; Dt 28:69; Jos 22:29; 1 K 10:13; 1 Ch 3:9; 2 Ch 9:12; 17:19; 31:16; Ezr 2:65 = Ne 7:67; Dn 11:4. With sf. †Dt 4:35 אֵין עוֹד מִלְּבַדּוֹ there is none else besides him (cf. מִבַּלְעָדַי Is 45:21).

†2. concr. part Ex 30:34 (P) בַּד בְּבַד יִהְיֶה part for (i.e. like; cf. בְּ III. 3 end) part shall it be.

†3. בַּדִּים parts, spec. extended from something, i.e. (a) of a body, members, limbs Jb 18:13 (of man), 41:4 (of crocodile); (b) of a vine, rods or shoots Ez 17:6; 19:14; (c) of poles or staves used for carrying the ark Ex 25:13, 14, 15; 35:12; 37:4, 5; 39:35; 40:20; Nu 4:6 1 K 8:7, 8^(×2) (= 2 Ch 5:8, 9^(×2)) or table of shewbread Ex 25:27, 28; 35:13; 37:14, 15; Nu 4:8, or altar of B. O. Ex 27:6^(×2), 7^(×2); 35:16; 38:5, 6, 7; 39:39 Nu 4:14, or altar of incense Ex 30:4, 5; 35:15; 37:27, 28; Nu 4:11; (d) more gen. bars (of fortress) Ho 11:6, (of a gate) Jb 17:16 fig. בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל (cf. Is 38:10). read הַעִמָּדִי (for בַּדֵּי) 𝔊 Du Dr, with נֵחָ֑ת in v b (for נָ֫חַת).

† בָּדָד n.[m.] isolation, separation: Is 27:10 עִיר בְּצוּרָה בָּדָד the fenced city is isolation, i.e. is solitary (subst. for adj.: Dr^{§ 189.2}); more usually as adv. accus., to signify alone, Dt 32:12; especially with vbs. of dwelling, Lv 13:46 בָּדָד יֵשֵׁב he shall dwell alone (lit. in isolation), Je 15:17 La 1:1; 3:28: fig. of freedom from attack, security Dt 33:28 (of Isr.), Je 49:31 (Kedar); so לְבָדָד Nu 23:9 (Isr.) Mi 7:14 ψ 4:9 for thou לְבָדָד לָבֶטַח תּוֹשִׁיבֵנִי makest me dwell solitarily, in safety (v. Dt 33:28).

II. בדד (prob. i.q. בָּדָא q.v. talk idly).

† III. [בַּד] n.m. only Pl. בַּדִּים.

a. empty, idle talk (Ph. CIS ^{3, 6} listen not to בדנם = Heb. בַּדֵּיהֶם; cf. ܒܶܕܝܳܐ vain talk), especially with collat. idea of imaginary pretensions or claims: Jb 11:3 בַּדֶּיךָ מְתִים יַחֲרִישׁוּ thy idle talk brings men to silence (‖ וַתִּלְעַג), Is 16:6 (of Moab) לֹא כֵן בַּדָּיו his boastings are not right (unfounded), hence Je 48:30.

b. concr. empty talkers, praters (cf. NH בַּדָּאָה, Syriac ܒܳܕܽܘܝܳܐ liar), of false prophets, Is 44:25; Je 50:36.

† בְּדַד n.pr.m. father of an Edom. ruler (הֲדַד) Gn 36:35 = 1 Ch 1:46.

בְּדֵי v. דַּי.

† בֵּֽדְיָה n.pr.m. (= עֲבֵדְיָה servant of י׳? 𝔊 Βαραια, 𝔊L Βαδαια) an Israelite Ezr 10:35.

[בָּדַל] vb. be divided, separate (Arabic بَدَلَ change, substitute, Mish. בָּדַל divide, Syriac ܒܕܰܠ Ithp. Ethp.)—

Hiph. divide, separate; Pf. הִבְדִּיל Nu 16:9; Dt 10:8; sf. וְהִבְדִּילוֹ consec. Dt 29:20; 3 fs. וְהִבְדִּילָה Ex 26:33; וְהִבְדַּלְתָּ Nu 8:14; הִבְדִּילוּ Ez 22:26, etc. Impf. יַבְדִּיל Lv 1:17 +; וַיַּבְדֵּל Gn 1:4, 7; 1 Ch 25:1; sf. יַבְדִּילַנִי Is 56:3; וָאַבְדִּל Lv 20:26; וָאַבְדִּילָה Ezr 8:24, etc.; Inf. abs. הַבְדֵּל Is 56:3; cstr. לְהַבְדִּיל Gn 1:14 +; Pt. מַבְדִּיל Gn 1:6; מַבְדִּילִים Is 59:2;— 1. divide, separate, subj. God Gn 1:4 sq. בֵּין.… וּבֵין between light and darkness, cf. v 7; subj. heavenly bodies v 14, 18; subj. firmament sq. בֵּין … לְ Gn 1:6 (all in P’s source); Ex 26:33 of the פָּרֹכֶת in tab., sq. בֵּין … וּבֵין … לָכֶם; of iniquities, separating men from God בֵּין … לְבֵין Is 59:2. 2. separate, set apart, sq. מִן, of י׳, setting off Isr. from other peoples Lv 20:24 (H) Nu 16:9 (P); Lv 20:26 sq. also לִהְיוֹת לִי; cf. 1 K 8:53 הִבְדּ׳ לְךָ לְנַחֲלָה separate them to thyself as an inheritance; of Moses, setting apart Levites, sq. מִתּוֹךְ Nu 8:14; of separating an individual from the people, i.e. excluding him Dt 29:20, sq. also לְרָעָה; sq. מֵעַל Is 56:3^(×2), i.e. excluding him; cf. also Ne 13:3 sq. מִן; of setting apart (forbidding) beasts as unclean לָכֶם לְטַמֵּא Lv 20:25; of setting apart the tribe of Levi לָשֵׂאת וגו׳ Dt 10:8 (subj. י׳); cf. also (hum. subj.) 1 Ch 25:1, sq. לַעֲבֹדָה, 2 Ch 25:10 sq. Inf.; similarly Ezr 8:24; even sq.; ptcp. Ez 39:14 they shall set apart men עֹבְרִים, i.e. to pass through, or men that shall pass through (RV); so of setting apart cities, acc. Dt 4:41; cf. 19:2, 7. 3. make a distinction between clean and unclean, holy and profane, sq. בֵּין … וּבֵין Lv 20:25 (H); 10:10; 11:47 (both P); sq. בֵּין … לְ Ez 22:26; 42:20. 4. divide into parts Lv 1:17; 5:8 (P), prohibited in case of fowls offered in sacrifice.

Niph. Pf. נִבְדְּלוּ 1 Ch 12:8 Ezr 9:1; Impf. יִבָּדֵל Ezr 10:8; וַיִּבָּדֵל 1 Ch 23:13; וַיִּבָּֽדְלוּ Ezr 10:16; Ne 9:2; Imv. הִבָּֽדְלוּ Nu 16:21; Ezr 10:11; Pt. נִבְדָּל Ezr 6:21 Ne 10:29. 1. (reflex. of Hiph. 2) a. separate oneself from people of the land, heathen, and their practices, also from non-Jewish wives, sq. מִן Ezr 6:21; 9:1; 10:11; Ne 9:2; abs. in same sense Ezr 10:16 (cf. Sta^{G ii. 199 & 179 n.} Wl ^{Pharisäer u. Sadd. 76}). b. withdraw from (Moses & Aaron from Israel) Nu 16:21 (P), sq. מִתּוֹךְ. c. separate oneself unto (אֶל) David 1 Ch 12:8. d. Ne 10:29 combines. a. & c. separate oneself מֵעַמֵּי הָֽאֲרָצוֹת אֶל־תּוֹרַת הָאֱלֹהִים. 2. pass., be separated. a. be excluded from the people, sq. מִן Ezr 10:8. b. be set apart, of Aaron, sq. לְהַקְדִּישׁוֹ 1 Ch 23:13.—On הבדיל, & distinction from הפריד v. Dr ^{JPh. xi. 219}.

† [בָּדָל] n.[m.] piece, severed piece, cstr. בְּדַל־אֹזֶן Am 3:12.

† [מִבְדָּלָה] n.f. separate place, הַמִּבְדָּלוֹת Jos 16:9 (appos. הֶעָרִים); but read prob. הַמֻּבְדָּלוֹת Hoph. Pt. from בדל, or הַנִּבְדָּלוֹת Niph. Pt. cf. Di

† בְּדִיל n.[m.] alloy, tin, dross (orig. that which is separated from precious metal; cf. Plin. ^{Hist. Nat. xxiv. 16, xxxiii. 9})—בּ׳ abs. Nu 31:22 + 4 times; Pl. sf. בְּדִילָ֑יִךְ Is 1:25;—

1. alloy, Is 1:25 fig. of evil of Jerusalem, which י׳ will remove (הֵסִיר; ‖ סִגָ֑יִךְ).

2. tin (plumbum album) Nu 31:22 (P; + זָהָב, כֶּסֶף, נְחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל, עֹפָ֑רֶת); fig. of Isr. Ez 22:18 (+ נְחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל, עוֹפֶרֶת); in simile v 20 (+ id. + כֶּסֶף); as article of commerce brought to Tyre from Tarashish Ez 27:12 (+ כֶּסֶף, בַּרְזֶל, עוֹפֶרֶת).

3. plummet, הָאֶבֶן הַבְּדִיל (appos.) Zc 4:10.

† בְּדֹ֫לַח n.[m.] prob. bdellium (𝔖 ܒܶܪܽܘܠܚܳܐ; 𝔗 בְּדוּלְחָא; etym. dub.; Lag^{Ges. Abh. 20} prop. Skr. udûkhala) c. art. הַבְּ׳, apparently therefore well known; one of the products of the land Havilah Gn 2:12; used in simile of colour of manna וְעֵינוֹ כְּעֵין הַבְּדֹלַח Nu 11:7.—Meaning somewhat uncertain; 𝔊 Gn 2:12 ἄνθραξ, Nu 11:7 κρύσταλλος; Saad. A W Ki Bo al. pearls, cf. Lag^{Or ii. 44}; Jos ^Ant. iii. 1, 6 Aq Theod Symm 𝔙 most bdellium, an odoriferous transparent gum, of yellowish colour. (Cf. Smith^{Dict. Bible} Sigismund ^{Aromata, 18}.)

† בְּדָן n.pr.m. (= עַבְדָּן?).

1. a judge of Israel 1 S 12:11; but read prob. בָּרָק, so 𝔊 𝔖 We, cf. Dr (v. Ju 4:6f.).

2. a Manassite 1 Ch 7:17.

בדק (penetrate, split? cf. Aramaic בְּדַק, ܒܕܰܩ explore; but these perhaps denom. cf. Lag^{GN 1882, 400}).

בֶּ֫דֶק n.m. ^{2 K 12:6} fissure, rent, breach (Aramaic בִּידְקָא, ܒܶܕܩܳܐ (Nasar.))—בּ׳ abs. 2 K 12:6; cstr. ib. + 6 times; sf. בִּדְקֵךְ Ez 27:9, 27;—in as building; temple ב׳ הַבַּיִת 2 K 12:6, 7, 8^(×2), 9; 22:5, cf. 12:13 (ב׳ בֵּית י׳); v 6 abs.; law. c. חִזֵּק repair; cf. מַחֲזִיקֵי ב׳ repairers of thy fissures Ez 27:9, 27 (of Tyre).

† [בָּדַק] vb. denom. mend, repair, only

Qal Inf. cstr. לִבְדוֹק וּלְחַזֵּק הַבָּ֑יִת 2 Ch 34:10.

† בִּדְקַר n.pr.m. Isr. officer 2 K 9:25 (v. בֵּן).

בהה (cf. Arabic بَهِىَ be empty; on a possible connexion in Assyrian cf. Hpt^{BAS i. 18}).

† בֹּ֫הוּ n.[m.] emptiness (on form v. Ges^{§ 84 a, 1 b} Sta^{§ 95, 198 a}, on usage cf. Lag^{Or. ii. 60 f.}) always c. תֹּהוּ q.v.;—תֹּהוּ וָבֹהוּ Gn 1:2 of primæval earth; Je 4:23 of earth under judgment of י׳; קַו־תֹֿהוּ וְאַבְנֵי בֹהוּ Is 34:11, the line of wasteness and the stones of emptiness, i.e. plummets, employed, not as usual for building, but for destroying walls; cf. Di & v. sub אבן 6.

† בַּ֫הַט n.[m.] a costly stone, perhaps porphyry (cf. Egyptian behiti, behet, behat Brugsch ^{Dict. v. 438} Dümichen ^{Gesch. 167 f.} Wendel^{Altäg. Bau- u. Edelsteine (1888) 77 f.}; 𝔊 has σμαραγδίτης), Est 1:6 עַל רִֽצֲפַת ב׳־וָשֵׁשׁ וְדַר וְסֹחָ֑רֶת upon a pavement of porphyry and marble, etc.

† [בָּהַל] vb. (NH id. Pt. pass. בהול disquieted; Pi. disquiet; 𝔗 Pa. בַּהֵיל hasten, be precipitate, also dismay: but ܒܗܶܠ is be quiet)—

Niph. Pf. נִבְהַל 1 S 28:21; נִבְהֲלָה ψ 6:4; נִבְהַלְתִּי Is 21:3; וְנִבְהָ֑לְתִּי consec. Jb 21:6; נִבְהֲלוּ Gn 45:3 +, etc.; Impf. וַיִּבָּהֵל Ju 20:41; 2 ms. תִּבָּהֵל Ec 8:3; יִבָּהֵלוּ֑ן ψ 104:29, etc.; Pt. נִבְהָל ψ 30:8; נִֽבֳהָל Pr 28:22; f. נִבְהָלָה Zp 1:18;— 1. be disturbed, dismayed, terrified, Gn 45:3 (E) Ju 20:41 1 S 28:21 2 S 4:1 (‖ וַיִּרְפּוּ יָדָיו, cf. Ez 7:27 supr.); of bones of sufferer ψ 6:3 (‖ cf. infr. v 4); of hands of dismayed people Ez 7:27; especially at chastisements & judgments of י׳ Ex 15:15 (song, in E) ψ 6:4 (subj. נֶפֶשׁ, ‖ cf. supr. v 3) v 11 (‖ בושׁ) 30:8; 48:6; 104:29; 83:18 (‖ בושׁ) 90:7 Is 13:8; 21:3 (sq. מִן so as not to) Jb 23:15 (מפני) Je 51:32 Ez 26:18 (del. 𝔊 Co); Jb 4:5 (‖ לאה), cf. also 21:6 as adj. terrible Zp 1:18 כָּלָה אַךְ־נִבְהָלָה. 2. be in haste, hasty (late, cf. Aramaic above): Ec 8:3 אַל־תִּבּ׳ מִפָּנָיו תֵּלֵךְ be not hasty (to) go from him; Pr 28:22 נִבֳהָל לַהוֹן hastening after riches.

Pi. Impf. וַיְבַהֵל Est 2:9; sf. יְבַהֲלֻהוּ Dn 11:44; וִיבַהֶלְךָ Jb 22:10; יְבַהֲלֵמוֹ ψ 2:5; 2 ms. תְּבַהֲלֵם ψ 83:16; אַל־תְּבַהֵל Ec 5:1; 7:9; Inf. sf. לְבַהֲלֵנִי 2 Ch 35:21; ם—ָ32:18; Part. מבלהים Kt, מְבַהֲלִים Qr Ezr 4:4 (BeRy pref. Kt, v. בלהּ);— 1. dismay, terrify, sq. sf. 2 Ch 32:18 (‖ ירא), Dn 11:44 Jb 22:10 (subj. פַּחַד), ψ 2:5 (subj. י׳) 83:16 (‖ רדף; subj. י׳); cf. also Ezr 4:4 (v. sub בלהּ). 2. hasten, make haste, act hastily (late), 2 Ch 35:21 וֵאלֹהִים אָמַר לְבַהֲלֵנִי God hath given command to speed me (RVm); sq. inf. make haste Est 2:9; of hasty speech Ec 5:1 אַל־תְּב׳ עַל־פִּיךָ (‖ וְלִבְּךָ אַל־יְמַהֵר לְהוֹצִיא דָבָר); of anger Ec 7:9 אַל־תְּב׳ בְּרוּחֲךָ לִכְעוֹם.

Pu. Pt. pl. מְבֹהָלִים Est 8:14, cf. מְבֹהֶלֶת Qr Pr 20:21 (so read with Vrss Now Str; AV RV); Kt מבחלת v. בחל;—hastened Est 8:14 of royal posts (‖ דְּחוּפִים); hastily gained נַחֲלָה מְב׳ Pr 20:21.

Hiph. Pf. sf. הִבְהִילָ֑נִי Jb 23:16; Impf. sf. וַיַּבְהִלוּהוּ 2 Ch 26:20; 3 mpl. וַיַּבְהִלוּ Est 6:14;— 1. dismay, terrify, sq. sf. Jb 23:16 (subj. שַׁדַּי; ‖ הֵרַךְ לִבִּי). 2. (late) hasten, hurry (trans.), 2 Ch 26:20 וַיַּבְהִלוּהוּ מִשָּׁם and they hurried him thence (‖ נִדְחַף); make haste, sq. inf. Est 6:14 וַיּב׳ לְהָבִיא and they make haste to bring Haman.

† בֶּֽהָלָה n.f. dismay, sudden terror or ruin (cf. Assyrian bêltu, terror, Dl^{Pr 32})—בּ׳ abs. Lv 26:16 + 2 times; pl. וּכֶֽהָלוֹת Je 15:8;—sudden terror Lv 26:16 וְהִפְקַדְתִּ֫י עֲלֵיכֶם בּ׳ (appositives follow); cf. Je 15:8; Is 65:23 לֹא יֵֽלְדוּ לַבֶּהָלָה, ψ 78:33 וַיְכַל־בַּהֶבֶל יְמֵיהֶ֑ם וּשְׁנוֹתָם בַּבֶּהָלֶה and he ended their days in a breath, and their years in sudden terror.

בהם (Arabic بهم iv. shut, x. impeded in speech, tongue-tied; Ethiopic ብህመ be dumb).

בְּהֵמָה₁₈₇ n.f. beast, animal, cattle (Arabic بَهِيمَةٌ )—בּ׳ Gn 1:24 + 137 times; cstr. בֶּהֱמַת Nu 3:41^(×2) + 10 times; sf. בְּהֶמְתְּךָ Lv 19:19 + 4 times; בְּהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָ Ex 20:10 + 4 times; בְּהֶמְתּוֹ Gn 36:6 Pr 12:10; pl. abs. בְּהֵמוֹת Dt 32:24 + 6 times + ψ 73:22 (v. infr.); cstr. בַּהֲמוֹת ψ 8:8 + 5 times;—beast, & coll. beasts (Gn 8:1 + very often)

1. of living creatures other than man (אָדָם) Gn 8:1 Ex 8:13, 14; 9:9, 10, 22; 22:18 Lv 18:23^(×2) (where בּ׳ is male, S 20:16) Dt 27:21 ψ 36:7 etc.; מֵאָדָם וְעַד בּ׳ (בּ׳ including all the larger animals) Ex 9:25; 12:12 ψ 135:8 Je 50:3 etc.; as inferior to man Jb 18:2 ψ 49:13, 21, so also Ec 3:18, 19^(×2), 21; opp. also birds & reptiles Gn 6:7; 7:23; 8:17 cf. Ez 44:31 etc.; also to fishes 1 K 5:13 Jb 12:7 cf. v 8, ψ 8:9 Zp 1:3.

2. opp. also to wild beasts חַיַּת הָאָרֶץ, ח׳ הַשָּׂדֶה Gn 1:24, 25, 26; 2:20; 3:14; 7:14, 21; 9:10 ψ 50:10; 148:10 Is 46:1 etc.; especially therefore cattle, as owned and used by man, Gn 47:18 (מִקְנֵה הַבּ׳) Ex 20:10 = Dt 5:14, Lv 19:19; 26:22 Nu 3:41^(×2) 45^(×2) Dt 2:35; 11:15 Jon 4:11 Zc 2:8; 8:10; 14:15 Ezr 1:4, 6 Ne 9:37; 10:37 etc.; in one (late) passage of animal for riding (horse? mule?) Ne 2:12^(×2), 14.

3. rarely of wild beasts, especially carnivora, בּ׳ יַעַר Mi 5:7; בּ׳ הָאָרֶץ Dt 28:26 Is 18:6^(×2) Je 7:33; 15:3; 16:4; 19:7 34:20; בּ׳ הַשָּׂרֶה 1 S 17:44; alone, Pr 30:30; שֶׁן־בְּהֵמוֹת Dt 32:24; שֹׁד בּ׳ Hb 2:17.—On בְּהֵמוֹת ψ 73:22 cf. infr.

† בְּהֵמוֹת n.m. behemoth, i.e. hippopotamus (appar. pl. intens. of foreg.; according to Di Jb 40:15 cf. De Is 30:6 from an (assumed) Egyptian p-ehemau, ox of the water) Jb 40:15 (on identity, cf. further Bo^{Hieroz. iii. 705}); prob. also ψ 73:22 בְּהֵמוֹת הָיִיתִי עִמָּ֑ךְ a behemoth was I with (toward) thee (so Hi De; Che beasts); according to De Or also in בַּהֲמוֹת Is 30:6 the burden of the behemoth of the south (supposed to be a designation of Egypt; but this unlikely, cf. Che Di, read therefore) rather beasts of the south, viz. of Judah.

בהן (cf. Arabic بَهَمَ iv. shut, cover (v. foregoing) whence also إِبْهَامٌ = בֹּהֶן; as closing and covering the hand, cf. Lane).

† בֹּ֫הֶן n.[f.] (cf. Sta^{§ 310 c}) c. יַד thumb, c. רֶגֶל great toe (Arabic إِبْهَامٌ & (vulg.) بَاهِمٌ, بِهَامٌ )—בּ׳ only cstr. Ex 29:20^(×2) + 12 times; pl. cstr. בְּהֹנוֹת Ju 1:6, 7 (from sg. [בְּהוֹן] as always Cod. Sam. for MT בֹּהֶן);—thumb (יָדָם) בּ׳ יָדוֹ, & great toe (רַגְלָם) בּ׳ רַגְלוֹ (always named together) Ex 29:20^(×2) Lv 8:23^(×2), 24^(×2); 14:14^(×2), 17^(×2), 25^(×2), 28^(×2); בְּהֹנוֹת י׳ וְר׳ Ju 1:6, 7.

† בֹּ֫הַן n.pr.m. (closing, covering?) אֶבֶן בּ׳ בֶּן־רְאוּבֵן Jos 15:6; 18:17, a mark of division between Judah & Benjamin.

בהק (NH בָּהַק shine, Aramaic בְּהַק, ܒܗܩ, Aph. id.; hence בַּהֲקִיתָא, ܒܶܗܩܝܻܬܳܐ, an eruption, v. sq.)

† בֹּ֫הַק n.m. a harmless eruption on the skin (NH id., Aramaic בּוֹהֲקָא; Arabic بَهَقٌ ) Lv 13:39.

בהר (NH Hiph. be bright, shine; cf. Aramaic בְּהַר, ܒܗܪ (not Pe.) & deriv.; Ethiopic በርሀ Arabic بَهَرَ surpass, especially in brightness, shine brightly).

† בַּהֶ֫רֶת n.f. brightness, bright spot, of eruption on skin (NH id., Aramaic בַּהְרָא)—בּ׳ abs. Lv 13:2 + 7 times; בֶּהָ֑רֶת Lv 14:56; pl. abs. בֶּהָרוֹת Lv 13:38, 39;—bright spot (sore, scar, etc.), clean or unclean Lv 14:56; following a burn (from fire) Lv 13:24, 25, 26, 28; possible beginning of leprosy Lv 13:2, 4, 19, 23; but possibly a (passing) eruption מִסְפַּחַת v 6; or due to a boil שְׁחִין v 19, 23;—due to בֹּהַק (q.v.) Lv 13:38, 39.

† בָּהִיר adj. bright, brilliant, of light; only Jb 37:21 לֹא רָאוּ אוֹר בּ׳ הוּא בַּשְּׁחָקִים.

בּוֹא₂₅₆₉ vb. come in, come, go in, go (Assyrian bâʾu Hpt^{KAT 499}, Ethiopic ቦአ Arabic بَآءَ return)—

Qal Pf. בָּא Gn 6:13 +; 3 fs. בָּ֫אָה Gn 15:17 +; sf. בָּאַתְנוּ ψ 44:18; 2 ms. בָּ֫אתָ Jos 13:1 +, בָּ֫אתָה 2 S 3:7; 2 fs. בָּאתְ Gn 16:8 Ru 2:12, וּבָאתְ consec. Ru 3:4 2 S 14:3 Mi 4:10; 3 pl. בָּאוּ Gn 7:9 +; 1 pl. בָּאנוּ Gn 32:7 + (בָּנוּ 1 S 25:8), etc.; Impf. יָבוֹא Gn 32:9 +, יָבֹא Gn 49:10 +; 3 fs. תָּבוֹא Gn 41:50 +; sf. תְּבוֹאָֽתְךָ Jb 22:21 (but text dub. v. Kö^{i. 644}); 2 ms. תָּבוֹא Gn 15:15 +; 2 fs. תָּבוֹאִי Ru 3:17 +; 1 s. אָבוֹא Gn 33:14 +; cohort. אָבֹ֫אָה Ju 15:1, אָב֫וֹאָה Gn 29:21 +, וַתָּבֹאתִי 1 S 25:34 (Qr וַתָּבֹאת, but text prob. wrong, v. Kö^{i. 647} Dr, read וַתָּבֹאִי); 3 pl. m. יָבוֹאוּ Gn 6:20 +, also (by textual error) בֹּאוּ Je 27:18 cf. Kö^{i. 645}, יְבֹא֑וּן ψ 95:11, sf. יְבֹאוּנִי ψ 119:77, וִיבֹאֻנִי v 41; 3 f. pl. תָּבֹאןָ Gn 30:38, תָּבוֹאנָה 1 S 10:7 +; תְּבֹאֶינָה 1 S 10:7 ψ 45:16, etc.; Imv. בּוֹא, בֹּא Gn 7:1 +, בֹּ֫אָה 1 S 20:21 1 K 13:7, בּ֫וֹאִי, בֹּ֫אִי 2 S 13:11 +; mpl. בֹּ֫אוּ Gn 45:17 +; Inf. בּוֹא, בֹּא Gn 39:16 +; sf. בֹּאִי, בּוֹאִי Gn 48:5 +, בּוֹאֲךָ 1 S 29:6 +, בֹּאֲכָה Gn 10:19 +, etc., בֹּאָם Gn 34:5 +, בֹּאָן Gn 30:38 cf. Ez 42:12 (where Co for בְּבוֹאָן reads לבוא להנה); Pt. בָּא Gn 33:1 +; f. בָּאָ֫ה Gn 29:6 +, הַבָּ֫אָה Gn 18:21 + (accent wrong Ew^{§ 331 b N.}); pl. בָּאִים Gn 18:11 +; cstr. בָּאֵי Gn 23:10 +; f. abs. בָּאוֹת Gn 41:29; (see further on forms Kö^{i. 634 f.});— 1. come in, sq. אֶל Gn 6:18; 7:9, 13, sq. בְּ Gn 19:8 & so (subj. רוּחַ) Ez 2:2; 37:10, sq. לְ Est 6:4, sq. ה—ָ loc. Gn 12:11; 41:57 Nu 14:24, sq. acc. (בית) Ju 18:18 2 K 11:19 cf. ψ 100:4 (שַׁעֲרָיו), & בָּאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֹ Gn 23:10, 18; even of lifeless things 2 K 18:21, וּבָא בְכַפּוֹ (of broken reed) = pierce; of food and drink (sq. אֶל־) Dn 10:3 cf. Gn 41:21 (fat kine when eaten by lean kine); v. also (sq. בְּ) Nu 5:22, 24, 27; abs. Gn 7:16; 24:31 1 K 1:42; 14:6 cf. 2 K 11:5, 9 = 2 Ch 23:4, 8 +; more partic. a. opp. יָצָא, go out and come in (Sab. וצֿאם או בהאם Hal¹⁵²) Jos 6:1 1 K 15:17 = 2 Ch 16:1 2 K 11:8 = 2 Ch 23:7; especially in sense of going about one’s affairs Dt 28:6; 19 Zc 8:10 ψ 121:8; id. + ישׁב 2 K 19:27 = Is 37:28; also sq. לִפְנֵי הָעָם etc. = act as ruler (judge) of, Nu 27:17 2 Ch 1:10 cf. 1 K 3:7; of leading an army 1 S 18:13, 16 cf. also Jos 14:11; v. further Dt 31:2 1 S 29:6 & sub c. infr. b. of taking part in worship of congregation Dt 23:2, 3^(×2), 4^(×2) + (sq. בְּ); or entering into tabernacle for priestly service Ex 28:29, 35 Lv 16:22 (all sq. אֶל־), Ex 28:30 (sq. לִפְנֵי יהוה), Lv 16:17 (sq. inf.) +. c. of entering on official duty 2 K 11:9 = 2 Ch 23:8 1 Ch 27:1 (all opp. יצא). d. of bride coming into her husband’s house Jos 15:18 = Ju 1:14. e. of entering a woman’s tent or apartment (with implication coire cum femina, cf. Arabic بَآءٌ NH בִּיאָה coitio; on origin of this use of word cf. RS^{K 90, 167, 291}) Ju 15:1 אֶל־אִשְׁתִּי הֶחָ֑דְרָה, 16;1 Gn 6:4; 16:2; 30:3; 38:8, 9; 39:14 Dt 22:13 2 S 12:24; 16:21; 20:3 Ez 23:44^(×3) Pr 6:29 (all sq. אֶל־); sq. עַל־ Gn 19:31 Dt 25:5 יָבֹא עָלֶיהָ וּלְקָחָהּ לוֹ לְאִשָּׁה; cf. בָּאֶיהָ Pr 2:19;—subj. rarely woman Gn 19:34 2 S 11:4. f. of associating with (sq. בְּ) Jos 23:7, 12 cf. Gn 49:6 בְּסֹדָם אַל תָּבֹא נַפְשִׁי (אַל־תֵּחַד ‖ בִּקְהָלָם). g. of entering into specific relations, בּ׳ בְאָלָה, בּ׳ בִבְרִית (v. אלה, ברית); בּוֹא בְדָמִים come into blood-guiltiness, became guilty of murder 1 S 25:26. h. of burial, בּ׳ אֶל־קֶבֶר 1 K 13:22; 14:13 cf. תָּבוֹא אֶל־אֲבוֹתֶיךָ Gn 15:15 (‖ תִּקָּבֵר). i. of sun, set (go in, enter, cf. Assyrian erîb šamši COT Gn 19:23; opp. יצא go forth, rise) Gn 15:12, 17; 28:11 Ex 17:12; 22:25 Lv 22:7 Dt 16:6; 23:12; 24:13, 15 Jos 8:29; 10:13, 27 Ju 19:14 Ec 1:5 2 S 2:24; 3:35 1 K 22:36; 18:34; so also fig. Je 15:9 of calamity בּאה שִׁמְשָׁהּ בְּעוֹד יוֹמָם (‖ אֻמְלְלָה יֹלֶדֶת הַשִּׁבְעָה etc.), cf. Is 60:20; Mi 3:6 וּב׳ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עַל־הַנְּבִיאִים of ignorance and confusion. j. of harvest, come in = be gathered Lv 25:22 (cf. תְּבוּאָה); so of revenue (income) 1 K 10:14 = 2 Ch 9:13 (sq. לְ pers.),—opp. יצא be expended. k. in other phrases: וַתָּבֹא הָעִיר בַּמָּצוֹר 2 K 24:10 + and the city came into siege; cf. ψ 105:18 בַּרְזֶל בָּאָה נַפְשׁוֹ his soul came into iron (v. AV RVm; Che felt iron chains, cf. Ew Ol Hup Pe; 𝔗 Hi De al. iron came upon his soul); בָּא בַּיָּמִים come into (the) days, = advanced in age Gn 24:1 Jos 13:1; 23:1 (all ‖ זָקֵן); on 1 S 17:12 v. Dr 2. come (approach, arrive) opp. הָלַךְ Gn 16:8 1 S 20:21 (cf. v 22) Ne 6:17 Ec 5:14, 15 (of birth opp. death); sq. אֶל־ pers. vel rei Gn 14:7; 37:23; sq. עַל־ Ex 18:23 2 Ch 20:24 (come up upon, almost = ascend); cf. also Lv 21:11 Nu 6:6; sq. לְ 1 S 9:12 2 Ch 29:17; sq. עַד Nu 13:22 Ju 15:14 2 S 16:5; cf. בָּאוּ בָנִים עַד־מַשְׁבֵּר 2 K 19:3 = Is 37:3 children have come to the birth; sq. עַד + אֶל 2 K 9:20 בָּא עַד אֲלֵיהֶם; sq. ָה loc. Ju 11:16 2 K 6:4; sq. acc. 1 S 4:12; 2 K 8:7 Je 32:24; cf. also La 1:4 בָּאֵי מוֹעֵד those coming to an appointed feast; abs. Gn 45:16 Joseph’s brethren are come, & often; also of lifeless things, ark of י׳ 1 S 4:6; wind Jb 1:19; so כַּסְפְּכֶם בָּא אֵלָ֑י Gn 43:23 your money came unto me = I received your money; our inheritance has fallen to us Nu 32:19 (c. אֶל־); so 1 S 9:16 its cry is come unto me, cf. Gn 18:21 Ex 3:9 La 1:22; of time, often of imminent future, especially in phr. הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים Is 39:6 = 2 K 20:17 Je 7:32; 9:24; 16:14; 19:6; cf. also 1 S 26:10 Ez 7:7 +; of day of י׳ Jo 2:1; 3:4 Zc 14:1 Mal 3:2, 19, 23; also ptcp. as adj. הַיָּמִים הַבָּאִים Ec 2:16 cf. Je 47:4; as subst. הַבָּאוֹת Is 41:22 things to come, future things; & הַבָּאִים alone = adv. in (days) to come Is 27:6; partic. a. come with, i. e. come, bringing, sq. בְּ: אָבוֹא בֵיתְךָ בְעוֹלוֹת ψ 66:13; אָבוֹא בִּגְבֻרוֹת אדני י׳ ψ 71:16 (‖ אַזְכִּיר צִדְקָֽתְךָ) so Lv 16:3 & perhaps Pr 18:6—cf. בְּ III. 1. b. b. come upon, fall or light upon, of enemy, attack, sq. עַל־ Gn 34:27 1 S 11:12 cf. Gn 32:9 (sq. אֶל־); sq. sf. Jb 15:21, so also 20:22 Ez 32:11; of calamity, etc. Pr 10:24; 28:22 ψ 36:12; 44:18 (all c. sf.); sq. לְ Jb 3:25 (‖ אתה c. sf.) Is 47:9 (‖ בוא על); of blessing, sq. עַל־ Jos 23:15; sq. sf. Jb 22:21 (cf. Di) ψ 119:41, 77. c. come to pass, of signs, wonders, predictions, etc. Dt 13:3 Jos 23:14 1 S 9:6 (בֹּא יָבֹא) Is 42:9 Je 28:9 Pr 13:12 Jb 6:8 +. d. Gn 6:13 קֵץ כָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי perhaps has presented itself before me (v. Kn), cf. La 1:22 supr. & 2 Ch 7:11 (where בוא for usual עלה); but perhaps (cf. Di) has come to pass before me, i. e. in my mind it is already a fact. e. † in phr. עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ עַזָּה Ju 6:4 cf. 11:33 1 S 17:52 2 S 5:25 1 K 18:46 (עַד־בֹּאֲכָה) until thou comest to = as far as; so also בּוֹאֲךָ (בֹּאֲכָה) alone, = as far as, or in the direction of, Gn 10:19^(×2), 30; 13:10; 25:18 1 S 27:8 (all sq. ָה loc.) 1 S 15:7; so לְבֹא חֲמָת Nu 13:21; 34:8 Ez 48:1, cf. Ez 47:15 (in a different connexion לָבוֹא אפרתה Gn 35:16; 48:7); עַד לְבוֹא ח׳ Jos 13:5 Ju 3:3 1 Ch 13:5, cf. 5:9 2 Ch 26:8 Ez 47:20; מִלְּבוֹא ח׳ Am 6:14 1 K 8:65 2 K 14:25 2 Ch 7:8; of Isaac בָּא מִבּוֹא בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי Gn 24:62 (but text dub.) f. attain to וְעַד הַשְּׁלשָׁה לֹא בָא 2 S 23:19 = 1 Ch 11:21. g. be enumerated הַבָּאִים בְּשֵׁמוֹת, lit. those coming with names 1 Ch 4:38. 3. go, i.e. walk, associate with (עִם) ψ 26:4, so c. אֵת Pr 22:24 (cf. הלך את 13:20 & התהלך את Gn 5:22, 24; 6:9). 4. go (cf. הלך) from speaker, but with limit of motion given Is 22:15 לֶךְ־בֹּא אֶל־, so Ez 3:4, 11; Gn 45:17 וּלְכוּ־בֹאוּ אַרְצָה כְּנָ֑עַן; 1 S 22:5 לֵךְ וּבָאתָ־לְךָ אֶרֶץ יְהוּדָה; Is 47:5 Jon 1:3 אֳנִיָּה בָּאָה תַרְשִׁישׁ a ship going to Tarshish; go to war יָבֹאוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה Nu 32:6.

Hiph. Pf. הֵבִיא Gn 4:4 +; sf. הֱבִיאַנִי Dt 9:4 +, etc.; 2 ms. הֵבֵיאתָ Is 43:23, הֵבֵאתָ Gn 20:9 +, etc.; sf. הֲבִיֹאתַנִי 2 S 7:18 1 Ch 17:16, הֲבִיאֹתָנוּ Nu 16:14, הֲבֵתָנוּ ψ 66:11; 1 s. הֵבֵאתִי Gn 31:39 +, והבאיתי Je 25:13 Kt (Qr וְהֵבֵאתִי); sf. וַהֲבִיאוֹתִיךָ Ez 38:16 +, הֲבֵאתִיהָ Is 37:26, etc.; 3 pl. הֵבִיאוּ Gn 43:2 +; sf. הֱבִיאוּהוּ 2 Ch 28:27 etc.; 2 mpl. הֲבֵאתֶם Nu 20:4 +; וַהֲבִיאֹתֶם 1 S 16:17; 1 pl. sf. הֲבִיאֹנֻם Nu 32:17; Impf. יָבִיא (יָבִא) Lv 4:32 +, וַיָּבֵא Gn 2:19 +; sf. וַיְבִיאֵנִי Ez 40:17, etc.; 2 ms. תָּבִיא Jb 14:3; sf. תְּבִיאֵהוּ Je 13:1, וַתְּבִיאֵם Ne 9:23, תְּבִאֵ֗מוֹ Ex 15:17, אָבִיא Ex 11:1 + (אָבִי 1 K 21:29 Mi 1:15), etc.; Imv. הָבֵא Gn 43:16 Ex 4:6, הָבֵיא 1 S 20:40, הָבִיאָה Gn 27:7 +; fs. הָבִיאִי 2 S 13:10 +, etc.; Inf. abs. הָבֵא Hg 1:6; cstr. הָבִיא Gn 18:19 +; Pt. מֵבִיא ψ 74:5 +, מֵבִי 1 K 21:21 + 3 times, מְבִיאֲךָ Dt 8:7; pl. מְבִיאִים (מְבִאִים) 1 K 10:25 +; cstr. מְבִאֵי Je 17:26, מְבִיאֶיהָ Dn 11:6;— 1. cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals), sq. אֶל־ Gn 6:19 Ct 2:4; 3:4; sq. בְּ Lv 26:41 ψ 66:11; sq. לְ Ju 19:21 1 S 19:22; sq. לִפְנֵי Est 1:11, 17; sq. ָה loc. Gn 24:67; 46:7; sq. ָה + אֶל־ Gn 19:10, sq. acc. (חֶדֶר) Ct 1:4 2 K 9:2; also bring, carry in (lifeless things), sq. אֶל־ Nu 31:54 Mal 3:10; sq. בְּ Je 17:21; send, of sending (shooting) arrows (fig.) La 3:13; cf. Lv 26:36; of sending breath (רוּחַ) into dry bones Ez 37:5 (Co על); sq. לְ Ne 13:12; sq. ָה loc. Ex 26:33 2 K 20:20 וַיָּבֵא אֶת־הַמַּיִם הָעִ֑ירָה; sq. acc. (חֶדֶר) 2 S 13:10; also 2 Ch 15:18 (בֵּית); abs. 2 S 6:17; partic. a. opp. הוֹצִיא (bring out) Dt 9:28 (sq. אֶל־); especially in combination with הוֹצִיא lead out and in (to and from battle) Nu 27:17 1 Ch 11:2. b. bring in women as wives for sons (sq. מִן הַחוּץ) Ju 12:9 (opp. שִׁלַּח הַחוּצָה). c. bring into judgment וְאֹתִי תָבִיא בְּמִשְׁפָּט עִמָּ֑ךְ Jb 14:3 cf. Ec 11:9; 12:4. d. cause sun to go down Am 8:9 (symbol of judgment). e. of harvest, bring in, gather 2 S 9:10 Hg 1:6 (opp. זרע) cf. Ne 13:15. f. put staves into (בְּ) rings Ex 25:14; 37:5; 38:7 cf. 26:11 Lv 14:42; hand into (בְּ) bosom Ex 4:6^(×2); girdle into (בְּ) water Je 13:1. g. other phrases, הֵבִיאוּ צַוָּ֯רָם בַּעֲבֹדַת אֲדֹנֵיהֶם Ne 3:5 put their necks to the work, etc.; fig. הביאו את־צואריכם בְּעֹל Je 27:12; הָבִיאָה לַמּוּסָר לֵבֶּ֑ךָ Pr 23:12 apply to instruction thy heart; וְנָבִא לְבַב חָכְמָה ψ 90:12 that we may gain a heart of wisdom. 2. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.) sq. אֶל־ Gn 2:19, 22; 43:9 Lv 24:11 Nu 5:15; often of bringing Isr. to Canaan Ex 6:8; 23:23 +, cf. Is 14:2; 56:7 Ne 1:9; abs. Dt 4:38; 6:23; sq. לְ Gn 39:14, 17; sq. ָה loc. Ez 12:13; sq. הֲלֹם Ju 18:3, & עַד־הֲלֹם (fig. of Yahweh’s prospering care) 2 S 7:18 = 1 Ch 17:16; abs. Gn 46:32; also with lifeless obj., Gn 27:10 (sq. לְ), so 2 Ch 36:7; Gn 31:39 (sq. אֶל־); sq. acc. 2 K 12:5 2 Ch 36:18 Dn 1:2^(×2); sq. ָה loc. Ex 26:33 Je 20:5; sq. לִפְנֵי 2 Ch 24:14; of ravens bringing food 1 K 17:6 (sq. לְ); of bringing presents Gn 43:26 1 S 9:7; 10:27 (all sq. לְ); cf. 1 S 17:18; especially offerings, sq. לְ Gn 4:3 Nu 15:25 Ne 10:35, 37 (לְבֵית), etc.; Lv 2:2 sq. אֶל־ of priest; abs. Gn 4:4 Lv 4:32; 23:14, 15 Mal 1:13^(×2) 2 Ch 31:5; cf. also Ex 35:21, 22, 23, 24:^(×2), 27, 29 (sq. לְ for) so 36:3 +; of time, cause a day to come La 1:21; cause cry to come (עַל־) Jb 34:28; = carry והב׳ בָּנַיִךְ בְּחֹצֶן Is 49:22 (‖ עַל־כָּתֵף נשׂא); carry God in (בְּ) the hand Jb 12:6 (cf. אֱלהַּ p. 43); allow to come, almost = invite Est 5:12 (sq. אֶל־) cf. v 10; partic. a. sq. עַל־ bring against, or upon, bring enemies against Je 25:9 cf. Ez 23:22; obj. sword Lv 26:25 Ez 5:17; 11:8; 14:17; 33:2; plague Ex 11:1; curse or calamity Gn 27:12 Dt 29:26 1 K 9:9 = 2 Ch 7:22 Jb 42:11 cf. Je 25:13; 36:31; 44:2; 49:8, 37 Ez 14:22; sin Gn 20:9; 26:10 Ex 32:21; cf. also sq. אֶל־ Je 32:42; 49:36. b. bring to pass 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:26 cf. 1 Ch 4:10 ψ 78:29. c. bring, bring forward, bring on the scene Mi 1:15 Zc 3:8. d. bring for a purpose, sq. inf. ψ 78:71 עָלוֹת הֱבִיאוֹ לִרְעוֹת בְּיַעֲקֹב עַמּוֹ מֵאַחַר. e. bring, procure בְּנַפְשֵׁנוּ נָבִיא לַחְמֵנוּ La 5:9, ψ 90:12.

†Hoph. Pf. הוּבָא Lv 10:18 +; 3 fs. הֻבָאת Gn 33:11 (v. infr.); 2 ms. הֻבָ֫אתָה Ez 40:4; 3 pl. הוּבְאוּ Gn 43:18; Impf. יוּבָא Lv 6:23 +, יוּבָ֑אוּ Je 27:22; Pt. מוּבָא 2 K 12:10 +; pl. מוּבָאִים Gn 43:18 Ez 30:11 + 23:42 (Co מרבדים), מוּבָאוֹת ψ 45:15;— a. be brought in (of pers. and things), abs. Gn 43:18; sq. בית into a house Gn 43:18; temple 2 K 12:5, 10, 14, 17; 22:4 2 Ch 34:9, 14. b. be brought, sq. לְ Gn 33:11 (but 𝔊 read Hiph. I have brought), ψ 45:15; sq. אֶל־ unto Lv 6:23; 10:18; 13:2, 9; 14:2; cf. Ez 23:42 (but v. Co VB); sq. הֵ֫נָּה Ez 40:4; sq. בָּבֶ֫לָה Je 27:22; sq. inf. Lv 16:27 Ez 30:11; sq. מִן Je 10:9. c. be introduced, put, sq. בְּ, staves into rings Ex 27:7; vessel into water Lv 11:32.

† בִּאָה n.f. entrance, entry, בַּבִּאָה Ez 8:5, i.e. of temple (but del. B Co).

† מָבוֹא n.m. ^{Je 38:14} entrance, a coming in, entering;—מ׳ abs. Je 38:14 + 3 times + Ez 42:9 Kt (Qr מֵבִיא wrong, cf. Co); cstr. מְבוֹא Dt 11:30 + 12 times; sf. מְבוֹאוֹ ψ 104:19 + 2 times; מְבֹאוֹ ψ 50:1; מבואך 2 S 3:25 Kt (Qr מוֹבָאֶ֑ךָ inexplicable cf. Dr); pl. cstr. מְבוֹאֵי Ez 26:10, מְבוֹאֹת Ez 27:3;—

1. entrance, i.e. place or way of entrance, into a city Ju 1:24, 25 1 Ch 4:39 Pr 8:3 (מ׳ פְּתָחִים); into buildings 2 K 11:16; 16:18 1 Ch 9:19 (שֹׁמְרֵי הַמָּבוֹא), 2 Ch 23:13, 15 Je 38:14 Ez 42:9; 46:19; v. also מְבוֹאֹת יָם entrance of (the) sea, gate of the sea, of situation of Tyre Ez 27:3.

2. entering, act of entrance, by violence, in storm of city Ez 26:10; coming in or together, making a crowd, כִּמְבוֹא עָ֑ם Ez 33:31 sim. of eagerness to hear Yahweh’s word; in phrase אֶת־מוֹצָאֲךָ וְאֶת־מבואך 2 S 3:25 thy going out and thy coming in; mode of entering temple, or the people who enter Ez 44:5; particularly of sunset מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ ψ 104:19; = west Dt 11:30; Jos 1:4; 23:4 הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ = Mediterranean, Zc 8:7 אֶרֶץ מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ (‖ אֶרֶץ מִזְרָח), Mal 1:11 ψ 50:1; 113:3 sunset = west, opp. sunrise = east; in phr. from E. to W., i. e. over the whole earth, everywhere on earth.

† [מוֹבָא] n.[m.] in-coming, entrance, מוֹבָאֶ֑ךָ Qr 2 S 3:25, cf. Kt sub מבוא; וּמוֹבָאָיו Ez 43:11 and its entrances (‖ וּמוֹצָאָיו), del. B Co. In both, ungramm. form for assonance with מוצא.

† תְּבוּאָה n.f. proventus, product, revenue—תּ׳ abs. ψ 107:37 + 3 times; cstr. תְּבוּאַת Lv 23:39 + 11 times; sf. תְּבוּאָתִי Jb 31:12 Pr 8:19; תְּבוּאָתְךָ Dt 14:28 + 2 times; תְּבוּאָתֶ֑ךָ Pr 3:9; תְּבוּאָתוֹ Lv 19:25 + Ez 48:18 Qr (Kt תבואתה), תְּבוּאָתֹה Je 2:3; תְּבוּאָתָהּ Ex 23:10 + 7 times + Ez 48:18 Kt (so Co); תְּבוּאָתֵנוּ Lv 25:20; pl. תְּבוּאֹת Lv 25:15 + 4 times; תְּבוּאוֹת Pr 14:4; 16:8; תְּבוּאֹתֵיכֶם Je 12:13;—

1. product, yield, usually of earth (= crops, etc.) תּ׳ הָאָרֶץ Ex 23:10 Lv 19:25; 23:39; 25:3, 7 (used as food for man & beast, cf. v 22) Jos 5:12, cf. Ne 9:37 Lv 25:15, 16, also Ez 48:18; in Gn 47:24 בַּתּ׳ must = of the crops (בּ partitive, cf. בְּ I. 2. b.; 𝔊 del. בְּ); תּ׳ שָׂדֶה 2 K 8:6 2 Ch 31:5; תּ׳ כֶּרֶם Dt 22:9 cf. ψ 107:37; לֶחֶם תּ׳ הָאֲדָמָה Is 30:23; תּ׳ גֹּרֶן & תּ׳ יָ֑קֶב Nu 18:30; תּ׳ זֶרַע Dt 14:22; תּ׳ דָּגָן 2 Ch 32:28; as property of husbandmen, or people Lv 25:20 Dt 14:28; 16:15; 26:12 Pr 3:9; crops as determined by season, תּ׳ שָׁ֑מֶשׁ Dt 33:14 (‖ גֶּרֶשׁ יְרָחִים); yield of a year שָׁנָה Lv 25:12, 22; cf. v 21 עָשָׂה תּ׳, subj. שָׁנָה.

2. a. income, revenue, in general Jb 31:12 (almost = possessions) Pr 10:16; 14:4; 15:6; 16:8 Ec 5:9 cf. Is 23:3 (revenue of Tyre from trade with Egypt in bread stuffs). b. fig. gain of wisdom תּ׳ תָכְמָה Pr 13:14; 8:19; product of lips (תּ׳ שְׂפָתָיו) Pr 18:20, i.e. results of his speech (‖ פְּרִי פִי־אִישׁ); of Isr. as Yahweh’s product Je 2:3; of Israel’s wickedness Je 12:13.

† I. [בּוּז] vb. despise (NH id.)—

Qal Pf. 3 ms. בַּז Zc 4:10 (Kö^{i. 439}); fem. בָּזָ֫ה 2 K 19:21 (GK 72l) Impf. יָבוּז Pr 23:9; 3 fs. וְתָבֻז Pr 30:17; 2 ms. תָּבוּז (juss.) Pr 23:22; pl. יָבוּזוּ Pr 6:30 Ct 8:7; יָבֻזוּ Ct 8:1; Inf. abs. בּוֹז Ct 8:7; Pt. Pr 11:12 + 12 times;—despise, shew despite toward (WisdLt & poet.) c. acc. Pr 1:7; c. Inf. + ל Pr 30:17; elsewhere sq. ל + noun, Pr 6:30; 11:12; 13:13; 14:21; 23:9, 22 Ct 8:1, 7^(×2) Zc 4:10.

† II. בּוּז n.m. ^{Pr 18:3} contempt—בּ׳ abs. Gn 38:23 + 9 times; cstr. Jb 31:34;—(WisdLt & poet., except Gn 38:23 J).

1. contempt springing from pride and wickedness Jb 31:34 ψ 123:3, 4 (‖ לַעַג); joined in one adverb. phr. with גאוה ψ 31:19 בְּג׳ וָב׳; springing from prosperity and ease Jb 12:5; = object of contempt Gn 38:23 Pr 12:8; ‖ חֶרְפָּה ψ 119:22 Pr 18:3.

2. judicial, poured out (שׁפך) by God, in judgment Jb 12:21 = ψ 107:40.

† בּוּזָה n.f. contempt Ne 3:36 הָיִינוּ בּ׳ we have become (an object of) contempt.

† III. בּוּז n.pr.m. (cf. Assyrian n.pr.loc. Bâzu Dl^{Pa 307; ZK 1885, 93 f.})

1. 2nd son of Nahor, Abraham’s brother Gn 22:21 J; = tribe named with דְּדָן & תֵּימָא Je 25:23.

2. a Gadite 1 Ch 5:14.

† I. בּוּזִי adj.gent. ( = בעזי from בֹּעַז according to J. Derenbourg^{RÉJ i. 6}) of Elihu’s father. Jb 32:2, 6.

† II. בּוּזִי n.pr.m. father of Ezekiel Ez 1:3.

† בַּוַּי n.pr.m. a Jew of Nehem.’s time Ne 3:18 = בִּנּוּי v 24 which prob. read also v 18 (𝔊 Βεδει, Βενει, Βεζερ); cf. further Sm^{Listen 12}.

† בּוּךְ vb. perplex, confuse (? Arabic بَاكَ stir up (water of spring) the be disturbed, confused; cf. Assyrian bâku, lead captive, orig. lead astray? COT Ezr 4:2)—only

Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נָב֫וֹכָה Est 3:15; 3 mpl. נָבֹ֫כוּ Jo 1:18, Pt. pl. נְבֻכִים Ex 14:3;—be confused, in confusion (of a city) Est 3:15; = wander aimlessly (of Isr.) Ex 14:3; so of cattle Jo 1:18 (Merx proposes בָּכוּ, after 𝔊 ἔκλαυσαν, but בכה not elsewhere of cattle).

† מִבוּכָה n.f. confusion, confounding, Is 22:5 יוֹם מְהוּמָה וּמְבוּסָה וּמְבוּכָה a day of consternation and down-treading and confusion; Mi 7:4 עַתָּה תִּהְיֶה מְבוּכָתָם now shall be their confusion.

† I. בּוּל n.[m.] Bul, 8th month = Marcheswan, Assyrian Araḫ samna, 1 K 6:38 הַחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁמִינִי בְּיֶרַח בּוּל הוּא; (Canaanitish; Ph. ירח בל; a Palm. god is בול (in n.pr. עבדבול, Vog⁹³ זבדבול etc.) & ירחבול (Vog⁹³, moon-god), which DHM^{Ber. Wien. Akkadian cviii. 977} connects with Heb. בּוּל; Bae^{Rel. 87 f.} (q.v.) thinks = בעל, cf. Thes ^{p. 560}).

II. בּוּל n.m. product, produce, v. יבול.

בּוּנָה n.pr.m. v. בּין.

בּוּנִּי n.pr.m. v. בנה.

† [בּוּס] vb. tread down, trample—

Qal Impf. יָבוּס ψ 60:14 = 108:14; 3 fs. תָּבוּס Pr 27:7, אָבוּס Is 63:6; sf. 3 s. אֲבוּסֶנּוּ Is 14:25; 1 pl. נָבוּס ψ 44:6;—tread down, trample (of warriors), no obj. expr. Zc 10:5; id., fig. c. acc. (subj. י׳, as warrior) Is 14:25 cf. ψ 60:14 = 108:14 Is 63:6; (subj. men, with God’s help) ψ 44:6; fig. = reject, loathe Pr 27:7. Poʿl. Pf. בּוֹסְסוּ Is 63:18; בֹּסְסוּ Je 12:10—tread down, in bad sense, subj. enemies of י׳, obj. acc. Je 12:10 (in metaph.): = desecrate (obj. מקדשׁ) Is 63:18. Hithpoʿl. Pt. f. מִתְבּוֹסֶסֶת Ez 16:6, 22—of the blind movements of infant’s limbs, kick out (this way and that), fig. of Jerusalem.

Hoph. Pt. מוּרָ֑ס Is 14:19—pass. trodden down Is 14:19, of corpse, sim. of king of Babylon.

† יְבוּס n.pr.loc. Jebus, name of Jerusalem according to Ju 19:10 יְבוּס הִיא יְרוּשָׁלַםִ, cf. also v 11; 1 Ch 11:4 יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הִיא יְבוּס, cf. v 5.

† יְבוּסִי, יְבֻסִי 1. adj.gent. Jebusite, Jebusites, sg. אורנה הַיְבֻסִי 2 S 24:16, 18 cf. 1 Ch 21:15, 18, 28 2 Ch 3:1; as subst. a Jebusite Zc 9:7; usually c. art. הַי׳ coll. the Jebusites, in hist. statement Gn 10:16 (J) = 1 Ch 1:14 Nu 13:29 (E) Jos 9:1; 11:3; 12:8; 24:11 (all D) Ju 3:5 Ne 9:8, all in list of Canaanitish peoples; so also 1 K 9:20 = 2 Ch 8:7, where remnant of these peoples referred to; also Ezr 9:1, which seems to shew that this list had become a standing expression for early inhabitants; cf. further in promises (JED) Gn 15:21 Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 23:23; 33:2; 34:11 Dt 7:1; 20:17; Jos 3:10; specif. defined as inhabitants of Jebus-Jerusalem Jos 15:63^(×2) (J) Ju 1:21^(×2) 2 S 5:6, 8 (on which cf. Dr) 1 Ch 11:6 (called also יוֹשֵׁב הָאָרֶץ 2 S 5:6 & ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ 1 Ch 11:4); v. also עִיר הַיְבוּסִי הַזֹּאת Ju 19:11; whence

2. Jerusalem, Hex only P, Jos 15:8 גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם אֶל־כֶּתֶף היבוסי מִנֶּגֶב הִיא יְרוּשָׁלָ֑םִ, cf. 18:16; 18:28 וְהַיְבוּסִי הִיא יְרוּשָׁלַםִ.—Cf. כנען.

† מְבוּסָה n.f. down-treading, subjugation, גּוֹי קַו־קַו וּמְבוּסָה Is 18:2, 7 a nation of might and of down-treading (Che all-subduing); יוֹם מְהוּמָה וּמ׳ וּמְבוּכָה Is 22:5, cf. מְבוּכָה sub בוך.

† [תְּבוּסָה] n.f. down-treading = ruin, downfall, cstr. תְּבוּסַת אחזיהו 2 Ch 22:7 the downfall of Ahaziah.

בוע (assumed as √ of foll., cf. Lag^{BN 10}; but √ perhaps בעע; according to Sta^{§ 257} a quadrilit. Arabic بَغَّ efferbuit et commotus fuit (sanguis), بُغْبُغٌ puteus cujus aqua haurienti propinqua).

† אֲבַעְבֻּעֹת n.f.pl. blisters, boils (𝔗 אֲבַעְבּוּעְיָן; cf. 𝔗 בֶּעְבַּע, NH בַּעְבּוּעַ בּוּעָה, Syriac ܒܰܥܒܘܽܥ̈ܝܴܬܳܐ ) Ex 9:9 שְׁחִין פֹּרֵחַ אֲבַעְבֻּעֹת, cf. v 10.

בוץ so Thes, better ביץ (cf. Arabic بَاضَ surpass in whiteness; بَيَاضٌ whiteness).

† [בֵּיצָה] n.f. ^{Is 10:14} egg (NH id., Arabic بَيْضَةٌ, Aramaic בִּיעֲתָא, ܒܺܝܥܬܳܐ )—only Pl. בֵּיצִים Dt 22:6^(×2) Is 10:14; cstr. בֵּיצֵי Is 59:5; sf. בֵּיצֶיהָ Jb 39:14, בֵּיצֵיהֶם Is 59:5;—eggs Is 10:14 (of small bird צפור) Dt 22:6^(×2), cf. Is 10:14 (in simil.); (of ostrich רננים) Jb 39:14; (of great viper צפעוני) Is 59:5^(×2) (metaph.)

† בּוּץ, בֻּץ n.[m.] byssus (late), (Ph. בוץ, Aramaic בּוּץ, ܒܘܽܨ; √ dub.; Birch, Wilkinson^{Egyptians ii. 158 f.} from Egypt. hbos, clothe; v. Say Herodot^{ii. 86}; Thes from √ בוץ, but Nö^{ZMG 1875, 650}; Armen., according to Lag^{Sem. i. 72 al.}) a fine white Egyptian linen, and cloth made of it, מִשְׁפְּחוֹת בֵּית־עֲבֹדַת הַבֻּץ 1 Ch 4:21 families of the house of byssus-working; cf. 2 Ch 2:13; מְכֻרְבָּל בִּמְעִיל בּוּץ 1 Ch 15:27 clothed in a robe of byssus (but read rather as ‖ 2 S 6:14 מְכַרְכֵּר בְּכָל־עֹז was dancing with all his might); cf. תַּכְרִיךְ בּ׳ Est 8:15; מְלֻבָּשִׁים בּוּץ 2 Ch 5:12; חַבְלֵי בוּץ Est 1:6; 2 Ch 3:14 material of פָּרֹכֶת; article of trade Ez 27:16 (del. 𝔊 Co). Cf. also שֵׁשׁ.

בוק ( = בקק).

† בּוּקָה n.f. emptiness, Na 2:11 וּמְבֻלָּקָה בּוּקה וּמְבוּקָה emptiness and void and waste.

† מְבוּקָה n.f. id., Na 2:11 v. supr.

I. בּוֹר cistern, v. sub באר.

II. בּוֹר cleanness, v. בֹּר sub ברר.

† בּוּר vb.

Qal Inf. cstr. לָבוּר Ec 9:1 (c. acc.); prob. (si vera l.) make clear, clear up, explain (VB; so sometimes, in NH ברר q.v.) but read perhaps וְלִבִּי רָאָה 𝔊 𝔖 Bi; or לָתוּר Gr, cf. 1:13; 2:3; 7:25.

בּוֹשׁ₁₀₉ vb. be ashamed (Sab. בום; מהבאס = evil-doer DHM^{ZMG 1883, 375}, ‖ Aramaic בְּהַת, Syriac ܒܗܶܬ whence Arabic بَهُتَ was surprised)—

Qal Pf. Je 48:39; בּשׁ Je 48:13; בּוֹשָׁה Je 15:9; בֹּשְׁתִּי Je 31:19 + 25 times; Impf. יֵבוֹשׁ Is 29:22 + 57 times; Inf. abs. בּוֹשׁ Je 6:15; 8:12; Imv. בּוֹשִׁי Is 23:4 Ez 16:52, בּוֹשׁוּ Ez 36:32; Pt. pl. בּוֹשִׁים Ez 32:30;— 1. abs. feel shame Je 6:15 + 16 times, Is 19:9; 23:4; 37:27 Is 2 45:16 + 14 times Ez 16:63 Mi 7:16 Jo 2:26, 27 2 K 19:26 Ez 9:6 Jb 6:20 ψ 6:11 (+ 27 times, chiefly in late Psalms). 2. sq. מִן, be ashamed of, i.e. disconcerted, disappointed by reason of Je 2:36^(×2); 12:13; 48:13 Is 1:29; 20:5 Ez 32:30; 36:32. 3. with obj. בֹּשְׁתִּי לִשְׁאוֹל I am ashamed to ask Ezr 8:22; לֹא תֵבשׁוּ תַּהְכְּרוּ לִי ye are not ashamed to deal hardly with me (impf. subj.) Jb 19:3. בּושׁ often ‖ נכלם & חפר; בּשׁוּ וְהָכְלְמוּ they are ashamed and confounded Je 14:3, 22:22 Is 20:5; 41:11; 45:16, 17 Ez 16:52; 36:32 ψ 35:4; 69:7 Ez 9:6; וּבשׁוּ הַחֹזִים וְחָֽפְרוּ הַקֹּסְמִים and the seers shall be ashamed and the diviners confounded Mi 3:7, cf. Je 15:9 Jb 6:20 ψ 35:26; 40:15; 70:3; 71:24; יֵבוֹשׁ מְקוֹרוֹ Ho 13:15 (read יִיבַשׁ be dry); עַד־בּוֹשׁ †Ju 3:25 2 K 2:17; 8:11. cf. עַד־בּשׁ to the point of confusion †Ju 3:25 (cf. GFM), 2 K 2:17; 8:11. Poʿlēl Pf. בֹּשֵׁשׁ delay (in shame), בּשֵׁשׁ משֶׁה לָרֶדֶת Moses delayed to descend Ex 32:1 (J), מַדּוּעַ בּשֵׁשׁ רִכְבּוֹ לָבוֹא why delay his chariots to come? Ju 5:28.

Hiph. 1. הֱבִישׁוֹתָ ψ 44:8; הֱבִישֹׁתָה ψ 53:6; Impf. 2 ms. sf. תְּבִישֵׁנִי ψ 119:31, 116; תָּבִישׁוּ ψ 14:6; put to shame, Pt. מֵבִישׁ Pr 10:5; 14:35; 19:26; 29:15; one causing shame or acting shamefully, ‖ מַשְׂכִּיל; עֶבֶד מַשְׂכִּיל יִמְשֹׁל בְּבֵן מֵבִישׁ a servant acting wisely will rule over a son causing shame Pr 17:2; מְבִישָׁה ‖ אֵשֶׁת חַיִל Pr 12:4. 2. הוֹבִישׁ 2 S 19:6 Je 2:26; 6:15 Jo 1:10, 12; הֹבִישׁ Je 10:14 + 7 times, Ho 2:7 Jo 1:12, 17 Is 30:5 (but הבאיש Kt); הֹבִשׁוּ Je 8:9, 12; Imv. הֹבִישׁוּ Jo 1:11 (all the forms in Joel derived √ יָבֵשׁ by ancient versions and some moderns, vid. Ew^{§ 122e} Ges^{§ 78b}). a. put to shame 2 S 19:6. b. act shamefully Ho 2:7. c. to be put to shame Je 2:26; 6:15; 46:24; 48:1^(×2), 20; 50:2^(×2) Jo 1:10, 12, 17 (?). d. be ashamed Je 8:9, 12 Jo 1:11, 12 (?) Is 30:5 (Qr); c. מִן Je 10:14 = 51:17. Hithpoʿl Impf. יִתְבּשָׁ֑שׁוּ ashamed before one another Gn 2:25 (J).

† בּוּשָׁה n.f. shame ψ 89:46 Mi 7:10 Ob v 10 Ez 7:18.

† בָּשְׁנָה n.f. shame (בֹּשֶׁן Ew^{§ 163 f.}) Ho 10:6.

† בֹ֫שֶׁת n.f. shame Jb 8:22 + 20 times; sf. בָּשְׁתִּי ψ 69:20 + 7 times

1. shame 1 S 20:30^(×2) ψ 40:16; 69:20; 70:4 Is 30:3, 5; 42:17; 61:7 Je 2:26; 3:25; 20:18 Hb 2:10 Zp 3:5, 19; לָבַשׁ בֹּשֶׁת clothe with shame Jb 8:22 ψ 35:26; 132:18; ‖ עטה בשׁת ψ 109:29; בֹּשֶׁת (ה)פָּנִים shame (or confusion) of face 2 Ch 32:21 Ezr 9:7 Dn 9:7, 8, cf. ψ 44:16 Je 7:19, בֹּשֶׁת עֲלוּמֶיךָ shame of thy youth Is 54:4; עֶרְיָה־בֹשֶׁת nakedness (that is) shame Mi 1:11 cf. ψ 45:5; בֹּשֶׁת עֶרְוַת אמך 1 S 20:30.

2. shameful thing, substituted for בַּעַל (q.v.) by later editors, Ho 9:10 Je 3:24; מִזְבְּחוֹת לַבֹּשֶׁת Je 11:13, cf. יְרֻבֶּשֶׁת 2 S 11:21 = יְרֻבַּעַל Ju 6:32; אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת 2 S 2:8 = אֶשְׁבַּעַל 1 Ch 8:33.

† [מבושׁ] n.[m.] pl. sf. מְבֻשָׁיו, his privates, that excite shame, pudenda, Dt 25:11.

בַּז v. sub בזז.

† [בָּזָא] vb. divide, cut through (? cf. Aramaic בְּזַע, ܒܙܰܥ cleave)—

Qal Pf. בָּֽזְאוּ נהרים Is 18:2, 7 whose land rivers cut through (of Cush).

† בָּזָה vb. despise (Pal. 𝔗 בְּזָא, cf. بَزَا raise the head loftily and disdainfully)—

Qal Pf. Nu 15:31 +; בָּזִיתָ 2 S 12:9; sf. בְּזִתָ֑נִי 2 S 12:10, etc.; Impf. וַיִּ֫בֶז Gn 25:34 Est 3:6; sf. וַיִּבְזֵהוּ 1 S 17:42; 3 fs. וַתִּבֶז 2 S 6:16 1 Ch 15:29; 2 ms. תִּבְזֶה ψ 51:19; 73:20; וַיִּבְזוּ Ne 2:19; וַיִּבְזֻהוּ 1 S 10:27; Inf. cstr. בְּזֹה Is 49:7 (Di Ew^{§ 150 b}); Pt. act. בּוֹזֶה Pr 15:20; 19:16; בּוֹזֵהוּ Pr 14:2; בּוֹזִים 2 Ch 36:16; בּוֹזֵי Mal 1:6; sf. בֹּזַי 1 S 2:30; pass. בָּזוּי Je 49:15 +; f. בְּזוּיָה Ec 9:16;—despise, regard with contempt, sq. acc. rei, birthright Gn 25:34 (J); words of י׳ Nu 15:31 (P; not elsewhere. in Hex); 2 S 12:9 cf. 2 Ch 36:16; name of י׳ Mal 1:6^(×2) (cf. infr.); oath (אָלָה) Ez 16:59; 17:16, 18, 19; holy things Ez 22:8; one’s own ways Pr 19:16 (i.e. is careless of them, lives recklessly, opp. שֹׁמֵר נַפְשׁוֹ, cf. נֹצֵר דַּרְכּוֹ 16:17); distress of the distressed ψ 22:25 (‖ שִׁקֵּץ, subj. י׳); prayer, subj. id. ψ 102:18; broken & contrite heart ψ 51:19 (c. לֹא), cf. on other hand 73:20; sq. acc. pers. Saul 1 S 10:27, David 17:42 cf. Pr 15:20, י׳ 1 S 2:30 2 S 12:10 Pr 14:2, his prisoners ψ 69:34 (subj. י׳); sq. לְ, וַתִּבֶז לוֹ בְּלִבָּהּ 2 S 6:16 = 1 Ch 15:29; sq. עַל pers. Ne 2:19; [2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22, בּוּז] sq. Inf. וַיִּבֶז בְּעֵינָיו לִשְׁלֹחַ יָד Est 3:6; בְּזֹה נֶפֶשׁ Is 49:7 a despising of soul, i.e. one despised from the soul, thoroughly despised; on otherviews v. Che Di. Pt. pass. despised, of pers. cstr. בְּזוּי עָם despised of people (‖ חֶרְפַּת אָדָם) ψ 22:7, cf. בָּזוּי בָאָדָם Je 49:15 also Ob v 2; of wisdom Ec 9:16.

Niph. Pt. נִבְזֶה ψ 15:4 +; f. נִבְזָה 1 S 15:9 (so read for נמבזה cf. We Dr); pl. נִבְזִים Mal 2:9;— 1. despised ψ 15:4; 119:141 Is 53:3^(×2) Je 22:28. 2. vile, worthless 1 S 15:9. 3. despicable, contemptible Mal 1:7 said of table of י׳, cf. v 12 2:9; Dn 11:21 as subst. of Antiochus Epiph.

Hiph. Inf. לְהַבְזוֹת בַּעְלֵיהֶן Est 1:17 so as to cause to despise their lords (cause their lords to be despised).

† בִּזָּיוֹן n.[m.] contempt Est 1:18 (ב׳ וָקָ֑צֶף).

בִּזָּה v. sub בזז.

† בָּזַז vb. spoil, plunder (Arabic بَزّ, Aramaic ܒܰܙ; Amhar. በዘበዘ: also Ethiopic ቤዘወ: rescue Prä^{BAS i. 33})—

Qal Pf. 3 ms. וּבָזַז (consec.) Ez 29:19; 3 pl. בָּֽזֲזוּ Nu 31:53 + 7 times; בָּזָ֑זוּ Nu 31:9; sf. וּבְזָזוּם consec. Je 20:5; 1 pl. בָּזַזְנוּ Dt 2:35; בַּזּוֹנוּ 3:7; Impf. 2 ms. תָּבֹז Dt 20:14, pl. יָבֹ֫זּוּ Is 10:2 + 2 times; וַיָּבֹ֫זּוּ Gn 34:27 + 4 times; sf. יְבָזּוּם Zp 2:9; 2 mpl. תָּבֹ֫זּוּ Jos 8:2; 1 pl. cohort. נָבֹ֫זָה 1 S 14:36 (cf. Ges^{§ 67 R. 11}); Imv. בֹּ֫זּוּ Na 2:10^(×2); Inf. cstr. בֹּז Is 10:6 + 3 times; בּוֹז Est 3:13; 8:11; Pt. act. pl. בֹּֽזֲזִים Is 42:24 2 Ch 20:25; sf. בֹּֽזֲזַיִךְ Je 30:16, בֹּֽזֲזֵינוּ Is 17:14, בֹּֽזֲזֵיהֶם Ez 39:10; pass. בָּזוּז Is 42:22;—spoil = take as spoil, c. acc. rei Nu 31:9 Dt 2:35 (c. לְ & refl. suff.) Je 20:5 Ez 26:12 Na 2:10 ψ 109:11; oftener c. acc. cogn., בַּז Nu 31:32 Is 10:6 (‖ שָׁלַל שָׁלָל, as often) 33:23 Ez 29:19; 38:12, 13; בִּזָּה 2 Ch 25:13; שָׁלָל Dt 3:7; 20:14 (both sq. לְ c. refl. suff.) 2 Ch 20:25^(×2); 28:8 Est 3:13; 8:11; בהמה & שׁלל Jos 8:2, 27; 11:14 (all sq. לְ c. refl. suff.); obj. pers. carried off (cf. בַּז) Gn 34:29 (MT, but cf. Ol); plunder, despoil, c. acc. pers. robbed Is 10:2; 11:14; 17:14 (שׁסה) 42:22 (‖ id.) Zp 2:9 Je 30:16 Ez 39:10^(×2); c. בָּהֶם (pers.) 1 S 14:36; c. acc. of place plundered Gn 34:27 2 K 7:16 2 Ch 14:13; abs. Nu 31:53 Is 42:24.

†Niph. Pf. וְנָבֹ֫זּוּ consec. Am 3:11; Impf. 2 ms. תִּבּוֹז Is 24:3; Inf. abs. הִבּוֹז Is 24:3—be spoiled, plundered, subj. ארמנות Am 3:11; הארץ Is 24:3; הִבּוֹז תִּבּוֹז (‖ הִבּוֹק תִּבּוֹק).

†Pu. Pf. וּבֻזָּ֑ווּ consec. Je 50:37—be taken as spoil, subj. אוצרת.

† בַּז n.[m.] spoiling, robbery; spoil, booty—בּ׳ abs. Nu 14:3 +; so also Ez 25:7 Qr (Kt בג meaningless); בַּ֑ז Je 2:14 +; but הַבָּ֔ז Nu 31:32 v. d. H.; sf. בִּזָּהּ Ez 29:19;—

1. spoiling, robbery, לְב׳ i.e. to be plundered, despoiled Ez 7:21 (of temple ‖ שָׁלָל) 23:46.

2. spoil, booty, plunder Is 10:6; 33:23 Ez 29:19; 38:12, 13 (all acc. cogn. ‖ שָׁלָל); cf. Nu 31:32 Je 15:13; 17:3; in phr. הָיָה לָבַז Je 49:32 (of camels) Ez 36:4 cf. v 5; also of human beings Nu 14:3, 31 Dt 1:39 Je 2:14 (all היה לב׳) + 2 K 21:14 (‖ מְשִׁסָּה) Is 42:22 (‖ id.) Je 2:14, cf. 30:16 (‖ מְשִׁסָּה); also Ez 25:7 Qr, 26:5 (היה לב׳; both in personif.); fig. of Isr. as sheep Ez 34:8, 22 (both היה לב׳) v 28 היה בז (no לְ). On Is 8:1, 3 מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז v. מהר.

† בִּזָּה n.f. spoil, booty(late)—בִּזָּה 2 Ch 14:13 + 9 times;—spoil, prey, of things 2 Ch 28:14 Est 9:10, 15, 16, cf. 2 Ch 14:13; 25:13 Dn 11:24 (‖ שָׁלָל & רכושׁ); n. verb., spoiling, בַּב׳ Ezr 9:7 Dn 11:33, cf. also לְב׳ Ne 3:36.

בִּזָּיוֹן v. sub בזה.

† בִּזְיוֹתְיָהּ n.pr.loc. according to MT place near Beersheba Jos 15:28; but read prob. וּבְנוֹתֶיהָ 𝔊 and her daughters (villages, cf. בת sub בן) v. Ne 11:27 (We^{Sm 215} Hollenb ^{Alex. Übers. Jos. 14} Di al.)

בזק (Aramaic בְּזַק, ܒܙܰܩ scatter; Arabic بَزَقَ rise (of sun) is prob. erroneous v. Lane ¹⁹⁹).

† בָּזָק n.[m.] lightning flash? Ez 1:14 Hi Co del.; verse om. in old MSS. of 𝔊; sense uncertain, possibly error for ברק.

† בֶּ֫זֶק n.pr.loc. 1 S 11:8 (בְּבָ֑זֶק) rendezvous of Israel under Saul and Sam.; Ju 1:4, 5 home of Adoni-bezek; on loc. cf. Euseb. Lag^{Onom. 105, 2nd ed. 139}; see also Stu. error in Ju 1:4, 5 (v. GFM). Ju 1:4; 17th (mile-)stone from Neapolis toward Scythopolis; mod. Ḫirbet Ibzîḳ, 14 Eng. m. from Nâblus, Survey^{ii. 231}. Nes^{AJSL xiii (1897), 176} conj. meaning gravel, cf. mod. Ramle = sand.

† [בָּזַר] vb. scatter (Arabic بَذَرَ, Aramaic בְּדַר)—

Qal Impf. Dn 11:24 בִּזָּה וְשָׁלָל וּרְכוּשׁ לָהֶם יִבְז֑וֹר plunder and spoil and possessions he will scatter among them (subj. Antiochus Epiph.)

Pi. Pf. בִּזַּר, id., ψ 68:31, but read Imv. בַּזֵּר (בַּזַּר) (𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 so most; De follows MT), subj. ref. to י׳, obj. עַמִּים.

† בִּזְּתָא n.pr.m. a eunuch of Ahasuerus, Est 1:10 (Thes comp. Pers. beste, ligatus sc. membro, e.g. spado, cf. Vullers^{Dict. Pers.} sub بَستَه ).

† I. [בָּחֵל] vb. feel loathing (cf. Syriac ܒܚܻܝܠ (so in lexx.) nauseated (cf. Gei^{Urschrift, 279}); Nö^{ZAW xvii (1897), 188} disproves Syriac ܒܚܺܝܠ, and adopts the view of Gei^{Urschrift 270} (בחל euphem. for a √ II. בעל = loathe, c. בְּ, assumed (Thes Buhl) for Je 3:14; 31:32; v. infr. on p. 127a). NSyr. ܒܲܚܸܠ envy cf. Stoddard^{Gram. 12, 57}) Pf. 3 fs. בָּֽחֲלָה Zc 11:8 וַתִּקְצַר נַפְשִׁי בָּהֶם וְגַם נַפְשָׁם בּ׳ בִי felt a loathing against me.

† II. [בָּחֵל] vb. (Arabic بَخِلَ be avaricious)—

Qal ; only

Pu. Pt. נַחֲלָה מְבֹחֶלֶת an inheritance gotten by greed Pr 20:21 Kt; < Qr Vrss נ׳ מְבֹהֶלֶת, v. בהל.

† [בָּחַן] vb. examine, try (cf. Aramaic בְּחַן, Syriac ܒܰܚܶܢ, try, examine; Arabic محن i. viiii. test, cf. W^{SG 65})—

Qal Pf. sf. בְּחָנַ֫נִי Jb 23:10, בָּחַנְתָּ ψ 17:3 + 7 times; Impf. יִבְחָ֑ן ψ 11:5 + 5 times; Imv. sf. בְּחָנֵנִי ψ 26:2 + 2 times; Inf. בְּחֹן Zc 13:9; Pt. בֹּחֵן Je 11:20 + 5 times (‖ צרף, נסה);— 1. examine, scrutinize, try ψ 11:5; 139:23 Jb 7:18; עַפְעַפָּיו יִבְחֲנוּ בְנֵי אָדָם His eyelids try the children of men (search them through and through) ψ 11:4. 2. prove, test, try. a. with the metaphor of gold Jb 23:10; וּבְחַנְתִּים כִּבְחֹן אֶת־הַזָּהָב and I will try them as one tries gold Zc 13:9. b. without metaphor, of God testing persons ψ 26:2; 66:10; 81:8 Je 9:6; ways Je 6:27 (prophet); the לֵב ψ 17:3 Je 12:3 Pr 17:3 1 Ch 29:17; reins Je 17:10; heart and reins ψ 7:10 Je 11:20 (= 20:12). c. of man testing or tempting God ψ 95:9 Mal 3:10, 15. d. the ear trying words Jb 12:11 = 34:3.

Niph. Impf. יִבָּחֵן Jb 34:36 Gn 42:15, 16, to be tried, proved.

Pu. בֹּחַן Ez 21:18 the trial has been made (𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Ges MV Ew Ke, but noun בֹּ֫חַן MT Symm Haev; read בְּחֵן with grace, favour, Hi Co).

† בֹּ֫חַן n.[m.] testing, Is 28:16 אֶבֶן בֹּחַן a tested, tried stone, i.e. approved for use as a foundation-stone. On Ez 21:18 MT v. foreg. ad fin.

† בַּ֫חַן n.[m.] watch-tower, Is 32:14.

† [בחון] sf. בַּחוּנָיו (dag. f. implic. Qr; בחיניו Kt) Is 23:13 their siege-towers.

† בָּחוֹן n.[m.] assayer, one who tries metals Je 6:27 (Ges^{§ 84, 3} Ew^{§ 152 b}).

בחיניו Is 23:13 Kt; v. [בחון] supr.

† בָּחַר vb. choose (cf. Aramaic בְּחַר, Syriac ܒܚܰܪ ‖ בחן, Assyrian bêru (√ באר) Dl^{Pr 76})—

Qal Pf. בָּחַר Dt 7:6 +; Impf. יִבְחַר Is 41:24 + 60 times; אֶבֲחַר Jb 29:25 (Baer); Imv. בְּחַר Ex 17:9 + 5 times; Inf. abs. בָּחוֹר 1 S 2:28 Is 7:15, 16; Inf. cstr. sf. בָּהֳרִי Ez 20:5; Pt. בֹּחֵר 1 S 20:30 Zc 3:2; pass. בָּחוּר Ex 14:7 + 18 times;— 1. with בְּ, a. divine choice, of Abraham Ne 9:7; Israel Dt 7:7 Is 44:1 Ez 20:5; to become his people Dt 7:6; 14:2; Jeshurun Is 44:2; the seed of the patriarchs Dt 4:37; 10:15; Levites Dt 18:5; 21:5 1 Ch 15:2 2 Ch 29:11; Aaron ψ 105:26; Judah 1 Ch 28:4 not Ephraim ψ 78:67; Levi and Judah Je 33:24; the king Dt 17:15, especially David 1 S 10:24; 16:8, 9, 10 2 S 6:21 1 K 8:16 (= 2 Ch 6:6) 1 Ch 28:4, 5; 29:1 2 Ch 6:5 ψ 78:70; others Nu 16:5; 17:20 (P) Hg 2:23; place of sacrifice Dt 12:11, 18; 14:25; 16:7, 15; 17:8 2 Ch 7:12; the city 1 K 8:16, 44 (= 2 Ch 6:5, 34) 11:32; Jerusalem 2 Ch 6:6 Is 14:1 Zc 1:17; 2:16; 3:2; Zion ψ 132:13; delusions Is 66:4. b. man’s choice, of ways Pr 3:31 Is 66:3; good things Is 7:15, 16 ψ 84:11 (?); life Dt 30:19; gods Ju 10:14 Is 41:24; God’s pleasure Is 56:4; 65:12; 66:4. 2. with אֲשֶׁר (alone, for אשׁר בחר ב׳): a. divine choice, of Israel Is 41:8 יַעֲקֹב אֲשֶׁר בְּחַרְתִּיךָ, 43:10; the people 1 K 3:8 ψ 33:12; men Nu 16:7 (P) ψ 65:5; king 2 S 16:18 1 K 11:34; place of sacrifice Dt 12:14, 26; 15:20; 17:10; 31:11 (D) Jos 9:27 (P), especially לָשׂוּם שְׁמוֹ שָׁם Dt 12:5, 21; 14:24, לְשַׁכֵּן שְׁמוֹ שָׁם Dt 12:11; 14:23; 16:2, 6, 11 Ne 1:9; the city 1 K 8:48 (= 2 Ch 6:38), לשׂום שׁמי שׁם 1 K 11:36; 14:21 (= 2 Ch 12:13); Jerusalem 1 K 11:13 2 K 21:7 (= 2 Ch 33:7) 23:27; fast Is 58:5, 6; way ψ 25:12. b. man’s choice, place to dwell in Dt 23:7; gardens Is 1:29; king 1 S 12:13; wives Gn 6:2 (J); what to do 2 S 15:15. 3. with acc. & לְ, choose some one or something for: a. divine choice, of Levi 1 S 2:28; Jacob ψ 135:4, 5; inheritance ψ 47:5. b. human choice, persons Ex 17:9 Jos 24:15, 22 (E) 1 S 8:18; 13:2 2 S 24:12 (= 1 Ch 21:20); things Gn 13:11 (J) 1 S 17:40 1 K 18:23, 25 Jb 34:4. 4. with acc. and מִן, choose, select from 2 S 10:9 (= 1 Ch 19:10). 5. acc. a. divine choice, temple 2 Ch 7:16; Judah ψ 78:68; servant Is 41:9; 49:7. b man’s choice, persons Ex 18:25 (E) Ju 5:8 Jos 8:3 (J) 2 S 17:1; things Jb 7:15; 9:14; 15:5; 29:25; 34:33; ψ 119:30, ψ 119:173, Pr 1:29 Is 40:20. 6. with עַל, כי על זה בחרת מעני for this thou hast chosen rather than affliction Jb 36:21; with acc. and על pregn. כל אשׁר תבחר עלי all that thou choosest (to lay) upon me 2 S 19:39. 7. with לְ of acc. 1 S 20:30 (many MSS. have בְּ; but 𝔊 We Dr read חָבֵר companion). The ptcp. בָּחוּר chosen, of a ruler ψ 89:20, warrior Je 49:19 (= 50:44); as cedars Ct 5:15; coll. רכב בחור chosen chariots Ex 14:7 (E); אישׁ בחור chosen men, warriors Ju 20:15, 16, 34 1 S 24:3 2 Ch 13:3, 17, for wh. בָּחוּר alone 1 K 12:21 = 2 Ch 11:1, 2 Ch 25:5; בחורי ישׂראל 1 S 26:2 ψ 78:31; 2 S 10:9 בחורי בישׂראל (‖ 1 Ch 19:10 בחור בישׂראל, doubtless the true reading, as 2 Ch 6:1). 8. test, try (Aramaic = בחן) בְּחַרְתִּיךָ בְּכוּר עֹ֑נִי Is 48:10 I have tested thee in the furnace of affliction 𝔖 𝔗 Ges Hi Ew De Che Dr, but chosen 𝔙 Rab Calv AV.

Niph. נִבְחַר Je 8:3; Pt. נִבְחָר Pr 8:10 + 5 times;—to be chosen. a. abs. chosen, choice Pr 8:10, 19; 10:20. b. cstr. מִן, וְנִבְחַר מות מחיים death will be chosen rather than life Je 8:3; choicer than Pr 16:16; 22:1; נבחר ליהוה מזבח choicer (more acceptable) to Yahweh than peace-offering Pr 21:3.

Pu. יְבֻחַר chosen, selected Ec 9:4 (יְחֻבַּר Qr).

† בָּחוּר n.m. young man Is 62:5 + 7 times; pl. בַּחוּרִים (intensive with dag. f. implic.) Pr 20:29 + 13 times; cstr. בַּחוּרֵי Ez 23:6 + 4 times; sf. בַּחוּרַי etc. La 1:18 + 16 times;—young man (choice, in the prime of manhood) 1 S 9:2 Ec 11:9 Is 62:5; coll. young men Je 15:8; בָּחוּר וּבְתוּלָה young men and virgins Dt 32:25 2 Ch 36:17 Je 51:22 Ez 9:6; usually pl. Ju 14:10 Ru 3:10 1 S 8:16 2 K 8:12 2 Ch 36:17 Pr 20:29 Is 9:17; 31:8; 40:30 Je 6:11; 9:20; 11:22; 18:21; 48:15; 49:26; 50:30; 51:3 La 1:15; 5:13, 14 Ez 33:6, 12, 23; 30:17 Jo 3:1 Am 2:11; 4:10; ‖ בתולות ψ 78:63; 148:12 Is 23:4 Je 31:13 La 1:18; 2:21 Am 8:13 Zc 9:17.

† [בְּחוּרִים] n.f.abstr.pl. youth, pl. sf. בְּחֻרָיו Nu 11:28 (J; Onk 𝔖 Ges De Di; בחיריו 𝔊 Sam 𝔙 Lu Ke); בְּחוּרוֹתֶיךָ Ec 11:9, בְּחוּרֹתֶיךָ Ec 12:1.

† [בָּחִיר] n.m. chosen, cstr. בְּחִיר 2 S 21:6 (but We Dr בְּהַר י׳); sf. בְּחִירָיו 1 Ch 16:13 ψ 105:6; 89:4; 105:43; 106:5, 23 Is 42:1; 43:20; 45:4; 65:9, 15, 22 always the chosen or elect of Yahweh.

† בַּחֻרִים n.pr.loc. (young men’s village) of a small town of Benjamin beyond the Mt. of Olives on the way to Jericho (cf. Rob^{BR i. 433}; Kasteren ^{ZPV 1890, 100 ff.}) 2 S 3:16; 16:5; 17:18; 19:17 1 K 2:8 (= עַלְמוֹן according to 𝔗 Jon Schwarz Marti-Schick ^{ZPV iii. 8 f.}).

† יִבְחָר n.pr.m. (He (Ēl or י׳) chooses) son of David 2 S 5:15 1 Ch 3:6; 14:5.

† I. [מִבְחָר] n.[m.] (f. Ez 24:5) choicest, best, cstr. מִבְחַר Dt 12:11 + 10 times; sf. מִבְחָרָיו Dn 11:15; vows Dt 12:11; valleys Is 22:7; fir trees Is 37:24; cedars Je 22:7; bones Ez 24:4; sepulchres Gn 23:6 (P); of the flock Ez 24:5; of the Assyrians Ez 23:7; captains Ex 15:4 (E poet.); young men Je 48:15; מבחר וטוב לבנון Ez 31:16 (del. וטוב 𝔊 Co); עַם מִבְחָרָיו Dn 11:15 = his choice troops.

† מִבְחוֹר n.[m.] choice, in the phrases עִיר מִבְחוֹר choice city 2 K 3:19; מִבְחוֹר בְּרשָׁיו choice fir trees 2 K 19:23 = מִבְחַר בְּרוֹשָׁיו Is 37:24 (prob. scribal error in both cases for מִבְחַר).

† II. מִבְחָר n.pr.m. (choice) one of David’s warriors 1 Ch 11:38.

† בַּחֲרוּמִי adj.gent. Baharumite 1 Ch 11:33 = בַּרְחֻמִי 2 S 23:31. Prob. בַּחֻרִמִי Dr.

† [בָּטָה, בָּטָא] vb. speak rashly, thoughtlessly (NH id., בטי)—

Qal Pt. בּוֹטֶה Pr 12:18 one that babbleth (opp. לְשׁוֹן חֲכָמִים).

Pi. Impf. יְבַטֵּא בִשְׁבוּעָה Lv 5:4 speak rashly, unadvisedly; so וַיְבַטֵּא בִּשְׂפָתָיו (of Moses) ψ 106:33; Inf. לְבַטֵּא בִשְׂפָתַיִם Lv 5:4 (P).

† מִבְטָא n.[m.] rash utterance, מִבְטָא שׂפתיה Nu 30:7, 9.

† I. בָּטַח vb. trust (cf. Arabic بَطَحَ to throw one down upon his face Thes, اِنْبَطَحَ lie extended on the ground, ‘se reposer sur quelqu’un’ Fl MV)—

Qal Pf. בָּטַח ψ 28:7 + 35 times; Impf. יִבְטַח Jb 40:23 + 27 times; Imv. בְּטַח ψ 37:3 + 8 times; Inf. abs. בָּטוֹחַ Is 59:4, cstr. בְּטֹחַ ψ 118:8 + 2 times; Pt. בֹּטֵחַ ψ 21:8 + 35 times; pass. בָּטוּחַ ψ 112:7 Is 26:3. i. trust. 1. abs. Is 12:2. 2. with cogn. acc. מה הבטחון הזה אשׁר בטחת what is this trust that thou dost trust? 2 K 18:19 = Is 36:4. 3. with בְּ trust in— a. God 2 K 18:5; 19:10 1 Ch 5:20 ψ 9:11; 21:8; 22:5, 6; 25:2; 26:1; 28:7; 32:10; 37:3; 40:4; 55:24; 56:5, 12; 62:9; 84:13; 91:2; 112:7; 115:9, 10, 11; 125:1; 143:8 Pr 16:20; 29:25 Is 26:3, 4; 37:10 Je 17:7; 39:18 Zp 3:2. b. persons Ju 9:26 ψ 41:10; 118:8, 9; 146:3 Pr 31:11 Je 17:5; 46:25 Mi 7:5. c. things Dt 28:52 Jb 39:11 ψ 27:3; 44:7; 52:9; 62:11; 115:8; 135:18 Pr 11:28; 28:26 Is 30:12; 42:17; 47:10 Je 5:17; 7:14; 12:5; 13:25; 48:7; 49:4 Ez 16:15 Ho 10:13 Am 6:1. d. in the name of God ψ 33:21 Is 50:10; mercy of God ψ 13:6; 52:10; word of God ψ 119:42; salvation of God ψ 78:22. 4. with עַל, trust or rely upon— a. God ψ 31:15; 37:5 Pr 28:25 Je 49:11. b. persons 2 K 18:20, 21, 24 = Is 36:5, 6, 9, Je 9:3. c. things 2 K 18:21 = Is 36:6 2 Ch 32:10, ψ 49:7 Is 31:1; 59:4 Ez 33:13 Hb 2:18. 5. with אֶל trust to— a. God 2 K 18:22 (= Is 36:7) ψ 4:6; 31:7; 56:4; 86:2 Pr 3:5. b. persons Ju 20:36. c. things Je 7:4 (= על דבר 7:8). ii. be confident Jb 6:20; 40:23 Pr 14:16; צַדִּיקִים כִּכְפִיר יִבְטַח the righteous are bold as a lion Pr 28:1; secure Jb 11:18 Pr 11:15; עַם בֹּטֵחַ a people secure Ju 18:7, 10, 27; בָּנוֹת בֹּטְחוֹת careless daughters, (women) Is 32:9 cf. v 10, 11.

Hiph. Pf. הִבְטַחְתָּ Je 28:15; Impf. יַבְטַח Is 36:15 + 2 times; Pt. מַבְטִיחִי ψ 22:10; cause to trust, make secure, abs. ψ 22:10; with עַל Je 28:15; 29:31; with אֶל 2 K 18:30 = Is 36:15.

† I. בֶּ֫טַח n.[m.] security—Gn 34:25 + 41 times; הַשְׁקֵט וָבֶטַח Is 32:17 quietness and security = בְּהַשְׁקֵט וּבְבִטְחָה Is 30:15 (but prob. both infs.) elsewhere always adverb;—securely, ישׁב לבטח Lv 25:18, 19; 26:5 Ju 18:7 1 K 5:5 ψ 4:9 Pr 3:29 Is 47:8 Je 32:37; 49:31 Ez 28:26; 34:25, 28; 38:8, 11, 14; 39:6, 26 Zp 2:15 Zc 14:11; ישׁב בטח Dt 12:10 1 S 12:11; שׁכן לבטח Dt 33:12 ψ 16:9 Je 23:6; 33:16; שׁכן בטח Dt 33:28 Pr 1:33; לבטח (היה) Jb 24:23 Ez 34:27; היה בטח Ju 8:11; הלך לבטח Pr 3:23; הלך בטח Pr 10:9; שׁכב לבטח Jb 11:18 Ho 2:20; רבץ לבטח Is 14:30; נחה לבטח ψ 78:53; עבר בטח Mi 2:8; כושׁ בטח Cush (dwelling) securely Ez 30:9 (pregnant construction, del. בטח Co); וַיָּבֹאוּ עַל הָעִיר בֶּטַח and they came upon the city (dwelling) securely Gn 34:25 (J).

† בִּטְחָה n.f. trusting Is 30:15 (prob. inf. f. = בֶּטַח Is 32:17).

† בִּטָּחוֹן n.m. trust 2 K 18:19 = Is 36:4; hope Ec 9:4.

† בַּטֻּחוֹת n.f.pl. security, safety Jb 12:6.

† מִבְטָח n.[m.] confidence Ez 29:16—cstr. מִבְטַח Pr 14:26, מִבְטָח ψ 65:6; sf. מִבְטַחִי Jb 31:24 + 6 times (dag. implicit); מִבְטֶחָם Je 48:13; מִבְטֶחָהֿ Pr 21:22; pl. מִבְטַחִים Is 32:18; מִבְטָחַיִךְ Je 2:37;—

1. the act of confiding Pr 21:22; 22:19; 25:19.

2. the object of confidence Jb 8:14; 18:14; 31:24 ψ 40:5; 65:6; 71:5 Je 2:37; 17:7; 48:13 Ez 29:16.

3. the state of confidence, security Pr 14:26 Is 32:18.

† II. בֶּ֫טַח n.pr.loc. city of Hadadezer king of Zobah 2 S 8:8 (but read rather טִבְחַת so 1 Ch 18:8; 𝔊 Sm Μασβακ, 𝔊L Ματεβακ; 𝔊 Ch Μεταβηχας, 𝔊L ταβααθ; cf. also We Dr).

II. בטח (√ assumed for following).

† אֲבַטִּחִים n.[m.]pl. water-melons (Mish. אבטיח, Sam. ࠁࠈࠉࠇ; cf. Löw^{No. 297}; Arabic بِطِّيخٌ etc.; perhaps loan-word in Heb. cf. Sta^{§ 258}; mod. Egyptian baṭṭich, biṭṭich cf. reff. in Di Nu 11:5; on formation cf. Lag^{BN 10}, who comp. Ethiopic aqṭala)—Egyptian fruit, הָא׳ Nu 11:5 (‖ הִקִּשֻּׁאִים, הֶֽחָצִיר, הַבְּצָלִים, הַשּׁוּמִים); 𝔊 τοὺς πέπονας.

† [בָּטַל] vb. cease (NH בָּטֵל, Arabic بَطَلَ, Ethiopic በጠለ both be futile, vain, but Assyrian baṭâlu, cease Lotz^{TP 68}, so Aramaic בְּטֵיל, ܒܛܶܠ )—

Qal Pf. וּבָֽטְלוּ consec. Ec 12:3 and the grinders cease.

I. בטן (meaning dub.; √ of following).

† I. בֶּ֫טֶן n.f. ^{Nu 5:25} belly, body, womb (Arabic بَطْنٌ )—בּ׳ abs. Ju 13:7 +; בָּ֑טֶן v 5 +; cstr. בֶּטֶן ψ 139:13 +; sf. בִּטְנִי Jb 3:10 +; בִּטְנְךָ Dt 7:13 +; בִּטְנֵךְ Gn 25:23; בִּטְנוֹ Jb 15:2 +, etc.;—

1. a. belly, abdomen, of man Ju 3:21, 22; of woman Nu 5:21, 22, 27; as beautiful in form Ct 7:3; as seat of hunger Pr 13:25; as eating Ez 3:3 (‖ מֵעִים); cf. Pr 18:20 (fig.); as seat of passion, avarice, etc. Jb 20:20, 23; in fig. of God’s casting riches out of extortioner’s belly Jb 20:15 (‖ וַיְקִאֶנּוּ), cf. also ψ 17:14; fig. of innermost part of a man = inmost soul Pr 18:8 = 26:22, 20:27, 30 (all חַדְרֵי ב׳); as seat of intell. faculties (= Eng. breast or bosom) 22:18 (cf. מֵעִים ψ 40:9) Jb 15:2, 35; 32:18, רוּחַ בִּטְנִי v 19; as trembling at theophany Hb 3:16. b. belly of hippopotamus Jb 40:16. c. בֶּטֶן שְׁאוֹל Jon 2:3 (Jonah’s prayer: ‖ מְצוּלָה בִּלְבַב יַמִּים).

2. body, opp. soul ψ 31:10 (opp. נֶפֶשׁ), also 44:26 (opp. id.;—on this cf. Zim^{BP 71}).

3. womb Gn 25:23, 24; 38:27 (all J) Ho 12:4 Jb 10:19 (‖ רֶחֶם v 18) Ec 11:5 Jb 31:15 הֲלֹא בַבֶּטֶן עֹשֵׂנִי עָשָׂ֑הוּ did not he that made me in the womb make him (‖ וַיְכֻנֶנּוּ בָּרֶחֶם אֶחָד); cf. ψ 139:13 תְּסֻכֵּנִי בְּבֶטֶן, & Je 1:5; especially פְּרִי ב׳ i.e. offspring Gn 30:2 (E) ψ 127:3 Is 13:18; Pr 31:2 בַּר בִּטְנִי = my son (‖ בְּרִי) cf. בֶּן־בִּטְנָהּ Is 49:15; of birth יָצָא מִבֶּטֶן Jb 1:21; 3:11 Ec 5:14; בֶּטֶן alone = birth Ho 9:11 (‖ לֵרָה, הֵרָיוֹן), cf. fig. מִבֶּטֶן מִי יָצָא הַקָּ֑רַח Jb 38:29 out of whose womb came the ice? cf. לֹא סָגַר דַּלְתֵי בִּטְנִי Jb 3:10 i.e. of my (mother’s) womb; גָּחָה מִבֶּטֶן take, draw out of the womb, subj. י׳ (i.e. cause to be born) ψ 22:10; פְּרִי בֶטֶן used also of father Mi 6:7, cf. ψ 132:11 (David as ancestor of Messian. king); Jb 19:17 בְּנֵי בִטְנִי sons of my body, of doubtful interpr., perhaps = sons of my (mother’s) womb, cf. 3:10 (Ges De), i.e. my brothers or men of my clan RS^{K 33 f.}, others my sons (Ew), my grandsons (Di); also in addressing Isr. as a whole (masc. sf.) Dt 7:13; 28:4, 11, 18, 53; 30:9, cf. מַחֲמַדֵּי בִטְנָם Ho 9:16 beloved ones of their womb; מִן־הַבֶּטֶן (מִבֶּטֶן) = from birth Ju 13:5, 7 ψ 58:4; 71:6, cf. also Is 44:2, 24; 46:3 (‖ רָ֑חַם) 48:8; 49:1, 5; מִבֶּטֶן אִמִּי id. Ju 16:17 Jb 31:18 ψ 22:11 (‖ רֶחֶם).

4. architectural word of some rounded projection connected with the two pillars Jachin & Boaz bell, cushion 1 K 7:20.

† II. בֶּ֫טֶן n.pr.loc. city in Asher Jos 19:25 (= depression, basin, valley? cf. Arabic بَطْنٌ, Lane^{220 col. 3}) = Βατναί, called Βεθβετεν cf. Lag^{Onom. 236, 2nd ed. 249}; 𝔊 Βαιθοκ, 𝔊L Βετελ.

II. בטן (assumed as √ of following; meaning unknown).

† בָּטְנִים n.[m.]pl. pistachio, an oval nut (cf. Assyrian buṭnu COT^Gloss & Schr ^{mbak 1881, 419}, Aramaic בּוּטְנָא, ܒܶܛܡܬܳܐ, Arabic بُطْمٌ; on Punic βουτνούμ Blau ^{ZMG 1873, 527}) = pistacia terebinthus Rob^{BR i. 208, ii. 222}, Post^{PEF Oct. 1888, 218, No. 214 f.; Tr. Vict. Inst. xxii. 271 etc.} (pist. vera Löw ^{No. 44}); Gn 43:11 one of the articles carried from Canaan to Egypt by sons of Jacob as present to Joseph; still a delicacy in Egypt and Syria, cf. Wetzst in Löw ^{p. 420}.

† בְּטֹנִים n.pr.loc. city of Gad, E. of Jordan Jos 13:26, mod. Baṭne, W. of Es-Salṭ (v.d.Velde^{Memoir 298}) = Βοτνία cf. Lag^{Onom. 234, 2nd ed. 247}.

† [בָּיַי, בַּי] vb. entreat (Arabic بَىَّ come as suppliant, entreat, still current in the Ḥauran: v. Wetzst in De Jb 34:36), of which (prob.) אָבִי Jb 34:36 is 1 s. impf. (used dialectically): אָבִי יִבָּחֵן אִיּוֹב would that (lit. I entreat that) Job were tried!

† בִּי part. of entreaty, craving permission to address a superior, always foll. by אֲדֹנִי (or אֲדֹנָי), and always (except Jos 7:8) at the beginning of a speech, I pray, excuse me—(not improb. from √ ביי; so that בִּי אֲדֹנִי will be literally a supplication of (i.e. to) my lord! cf. Wetzst l.c., who compares the Arabic دَخْلُ سَيِّدَى lit. a prayer to my lord! a standing formula = Pray, excuse me, used exactly as בִּי אֲדֹנִי. According to others contr. from בְּעִי, from בָּעָה to ask, and so lit. a petition! cf. Aramaic בְּבָעוּ, ܒܒܳܥܽܘ (e.g. Gn 19:18 𝔗, Nu 12:13 𝔖); but ע is not often elided in Heb.)—Gn 44:18 בִּי אֲדֹנִי יְדַבֶּר־נָא I pray, my lord, let thy servant speak, etc.; so Nu 12:11 Ju 6:13 1 S 1:26 1 K 3:17, 26, and foll. by a pl. subj. Gn 43:20 בִּי א׳ יָרֹד יָרַדְנוּ Oh, my lord, we came down, etc.; בִּי אֲדֹנָי (to God) Ex 4:10, 13 Jos 7:8 Ju 6:15; 13:8 (𝔊 in Pent. and Jos. δέομαι, δεόμεθα: in other books absurdly ἐν ἐμοί).

† בִּין vb. discern (Nö ^{ZMG 1883, 532 f.}; Arabic بَانَ become separated, be distinct, iv. speak perspicuously; Ethiopic በየነ: i. 2 consider, perceive, Aramaic ܒܰܝܶܢ make to understand, cf. Sab. בין (the) wise, as epith., Mordt ^{ZMG 1876, 37})—

Qal Pf. בִּין Dn 10:1; בַּנְתָּה ψ 139:2; בִּינֹתִי Dn 9:2; Impf. יָבִין ψ 19:13 + 25 times; וְיָבֵן Je 9:11 + 2 times; וַיָּבֶן 1 S 3:8 + 2 times; אָבִינָה ψ 73:17 + 4 times; יָבִינוּ Pr 28:5 + 12 times; Imv. בִּין Dn 9:23; בִּינָה ψ 5:2; בִּינוּ Dt 32:7 + 2 times; Inf. abs. בִּין Pr 23:1; Pt. בָּנִים Je 49:7;— 1. perceive (with the senses):— a. eyes, acc. Pr 7:7, with לְ Jb 9:11; 14:21; 23:8 Pr 14:15. b. ears, acc. Pr 29:19, with reflex. לְ Jb 13:1. c. touch, acc. ψ 58:10. d. taste, acc. Jb 6:30. 2. understand, know (with mind):— a. abs. Jb 18:2; 38:20; 42:3 ψ 49:21; 82:5 Pr 24:12 Is 6:9, 10; 44:18 Dn 12:10 Ho 4:14; 14:10; שׁמעתי ולא אבין I heard but I could not understand Dn 12:8. b. acc. Jb 15:9; 23:5; 36:29 Pr 2:5, 9; 20:24; 28:5 ψ 19:13; 92:7 Je 9:11; יבין משׁפט Jb 32:9 Pr 28:5; יבין דעת Pr 29:7. c. with כִּי 1 S 3:8 2 S 12:19 Is 43:10. d. with inf. & לְ, יבין לָדָ֑עַת Is 32:4. 3. observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention):— a. acc. Dt 32:7 ψ 5:2; 50:22; 94:7, 8 Pr 23:1; 21:29 (Qr) Dn 9:2; 10:1. b. with לְ, ψ 73:17; 139:2 Dt 32:29. c. with בְּ, Ezr 8:15 Ne 13:7 Dn 9:23. d. with אל, ψ 28:5. e. with עַל, Dn 11:30, 37. 4. have discernment, insight, understanding Je 49:7.

Niph. נְבֻנוֹתִי Is 10:13; Pt. נָבוֹן Gn 41:33 + 15 times; pl. נְבוֹנִים Je 4:22, elsewhere נְבֹנִים Dt 1:13 Is 5:22 (Baer) Ec 9:11; נְבֹנָיו Is 29:14; be intelligent, discreet, discerning, have understanding 1 S 16:18 Pr 1:5; 10:13; 14:6; 16:21; 17:28; 19:25 Ec 9:11 Is 3:3; 5:21; 10:13; 29:14 Je 4:22 Ho 14:10; לֵב נָבוֹן intelligent mind Pr 14:33; 15:14; 18:15; נָבוֹן וְחָכָם Gn 41:33, 39; חכם ונבון Dt 4:6 1 K 3:12; חכמים ונבנים Dt 1:13. Poʿl. יְבוֹנֲנֵהוּ he attentively considereth him Dt 32:10.

Hiph. Pf. הֵבִין Jb 28:23 + 5 times; Impf. יָבִין Is 28:9 + 4 times; וַיָּבֶן 2 Ch 11:23 Dn 9:22; Inf. הָבִין ψ 32:9 + 9 times; Imv. הָבֵן Dn 8:16 + 12 times; Pt. מֵבִין Pr 28:7 + 26 times;— 1. understand:— a. abs. Is 29:16; 40:21; 56:11 1 K 3:11 ψ 32:9 Dn 8:17; 10:12. b. acc. 1 Ch 28:9 Jb 28:23 Pr 1:2, 6; 8:5; 14:8 Is 28:19 Dn 8:23 Mi 4:12; מֵבִין one with understanding Pr 8:9; 17:10, 24; 28:2, 7, 11; מְבִינֵי מַדָּע Dn 1:4; able to understand (i.e. old enough) Ne 8:3; 10:29, cf. 8:2 (sq. לִשׁמֹעַ). 2. give heed to, attend to, observe, discern, abs. Is 57:1 2 Ch 11:23 Dn 8:5; c. בְּ Ne 8:12 Dn 9:23; 10:11; מֵבִין בְּ skilled in 2 Ch 26:5; 34:12; c. אֶל ψ 33:15; בין טוב לרע 1 K 3:9. 3. give understanding, make understand, teach:— a. abs. Dn 8:27; 9:22. b. with acc. pers. ψ 119:34, 73, 125, 130, 144, 169 Jb 32:8 Ne 8:7, 9 Is 40:14. c. with לְ pers. 2 Ch 35:3 Dn 11:33; with לְ pers. & acc. rei Jb 6:24 Dn 8:16. d. בְּ rei Ne 8:8, + acc. pers. Dn 1:17. e. double acc. Is 28:9 ψ 119:27 Dn 10:14; מֵבִין teacher 1 Ch 15:22; 25:7, 8; 27:32 Ezr 8:16.

Hithpoʿl. Pf. הִתְבּוֹנָ֑ן Is 1:3 + 6 times; Impf. אֶתְבּוֹנֵן Jb 23:15 + 3 times; אֶתְבּוֹנָ֑ן Jb 32:12 + 5 times; יִתְבּוֹנְנוּ ψ 107:43 + 2 times; יִתְבּוֹנָ֑נוּ Is 14:16; 43:18. 1. shew oneself attentive, consider diligently:— a. abs. Jb 11:11; 23:15 Is 1:3 Je 2:10; 9:16. b. acc. Jb 37:14 ψ 107:43; 119:95 Is 43:18; 52:15. c. with אֶל 1 K 3:21 Is 14:16. d. with עַל Jb 31:1 ψ 37:10. e. with עד Jb 32:12; 38:18. f. with בְּ Jb 30:20 Je 30:24. 2. get understanding, understand Je 23:20 Jb 26:14 (sq. acc.) ψ 119:104. 3. shew oneself to have understanding ψ 119:100.

† בּוּנָה n.pr.m. (intelligence = Palm. n.pr. בונא Vog^{No. 3}) a man of Judah 1 Ch 2:25.

[בַּ֫יִן] subst. proposes interval, space between (بَيْنٌ id.)—cstr. בֵּין, once Is 44:4 (Baer) בֵּן, בֵּינִי, בֵּֽינְךָ, בֵינֵךְ, בֵּינוֹ (בֵּינָיו †Jos 3:4; 8:11 Qr); with pl. sf. in pl. form בֵּינֵינוּ (בֵּנֵינוּ), etc.; also בֵּינוֹת †Ez 10:2^(×2), 6^(×2), 7^(×2) (+ 1:13 𝔊 Hi Ew etc. for דְּמוּת), בֵּינוֹתֵינוּ †Gn 26:28 Jos 22:34 Ju 11:10, בֵּינוֹתָם †Gn 42:23 2 S 21:7 Je 25:16; dual בֵּנַיִם (v. infr.);—

1. always (except dual) as prep. in the interval of, between (so Aramaic בֵּין, & pl. בֵּינֵי, ܒܰܝܢܰܝ, ܒܰܝܢܳܬ; በበይናት: ), as Gn 15:17 בֵּין הַגְּזָרִים between the pieces, Ex 13:9 al. בֵּין עֵינֶיךָ between thy eyes (v. עַיִן), Is 22:11 al. between the two walls (v. חוֹמָה), Jb 24:11; 30:7; 40:30 part him between merchants; more gen. among Ho 13:15 Ct 2:2, 3 Ez 19:2; 31:3 Jb 34:37; less exactly within Ju 5:11 Pr 26:13 a lion is בֵּין הָֽרְחֹבוֹת within the broad places (cf. 23:13 בְּתוֹךְ): once with a sing. (unusual) Dn 8:16 אוּלַי בֵּין between the Ulai, i.e. between its banks. When the space separating two distinct objects is to be indicated, this is done a. most commonly by repeating בין, as Gn 13:3 בֵּין בֵּיתְאֵל וּבֵין הָעָ֑י lit. in the interval of Bethel, and in the interval of ʿAi, i.e. between Bethel and ʿAi, 16:14; 17:7; 31:50, 51 + often b. more rarely by בֵּין … לְ, Gn 1:6 dividing בֵּין מַיִם לָמָ֑יִם lit. in the interval of waters with reference to waters, i.e. between the waters and the waters, Lv 20:25; 27:33 Dt 17:8^(×3) 2 S 19:36 1 K 3:9 Ez 41:18; 42:20; 44:23^(×2) Jon 4:11 Mal 3:18^(×2) 2 Ch 14:10. c. by בֵּין … וּלְ †Jo 2:17. d. by בֵּין … לְבֵין †Is 59:2. בֵּין is used not only of actual locality, but also with verbs of dividing (fig.) Gn 1:14 Lv 10:10, and of judging, knowing, teaching, etc., if the idea of distinguishing be involved, as Gn 16:5 2 S 19:36 הַאֵדַע בֵּין מוֹב לְרָע can I discern between good and evil? 1 K 3:9 Jon 4:11; Gn 31:49 (watch between), Ju 11:10 (hear), Jos 22:27 (witness), Is 2:4 and he shall judge (arbitrate) between the nations, 5:3; Lv 27:33; Ez 44:23; Mal 3:18; 2 Ch 14:10 (see RV); and in other metaph. applications, as of a covenant or sign between two contracting parties, Gn 9:12, 15 Ex 31:13 +; or an oath Gn 26:28 2 S 21:7; enmity or strife Gn 3:15; 13:7 Dt 25:1 Pr 6:19; peace 1 K 5:26; good-will Pr 14:9.—It is used of time in the phrase of P בֵּין הָעַרְבַּיִם (v. sub עֶרֶב), & Ne 5:18 בֵּין עֲשֶׂרֶת יָמִים during the interval of ten days, i.e. every ten days (unusual). With other prepositions:— a. †אֶל־בֵּין, after a verb implying motion, in between, in among Ez 31:10, 14. So אֶל־בֵּינוֹת לְ †ib. 10:2. b. †בְּבֵן Is 44:4 in the midst of, amongst (𝔊 Ew Di Che כְּבֵין מַיִם חָצִיר). c. †עַל־בֵּין nearly as אֶל־בֵּין Ez 19:11. d. †מִבֵּין from between: Gn 49:10 nor the ruler’s staff מִבֵּין רַגְלָיו from between his feet (where, as the king sits in state, he holds it), Ex 25:22 from between the cherubim (so Nu 7:89), Ho 2:4 Zc 6:1; 9:7; Dt 28:57 the after-birth הַיּוֹצֵת מִבֵּין רַגְלֶיהָ that cometh forth from between her feet, i.e. from her womb (cf. Il. 19. 10 πεσεῖν μετὰ ποσσὶ γυναικός). Repeated 2 K 16:14 to specify the two objects from between which a thing is moved. Ez 47:18 is difficult and uncertain: v. Comm. Less precisely from the midst of: Nu 17:2 מִבֵּין הַשְּׂרֵפָה out of the midst of the burning, ψ 104:12 מִבֵּין עֳפָאִים from amongst the branches they utter their song, Je 48:45 and a flame מִבֵּין סִיחוֹן from the midst of Sihon (Sihon representing his people: but expression is singular; read perhaps מִבֵּית ס׳, cf. Nu 21:28 מִקִּרְיַת ס׳: ‖ in both passages מֵחֶשְׁבּוֹן), Ez 37:21. e. †מִבֵּינוֹת לְ from between Ez 10:2, 6^(×2), 7.

2. †Dual בֵּנַ֫יִם space between two armies (= Gk. μεταίχμιον), 1 S 17:4, 23 אִישׁ הַבֵּנַיִם man of the μεταίχμιον, i.e. champion (of Goliath).

† בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין (Nö^{M 194 f.}; Syriac ܒܶܝܬ often, PS ⁴⁷⁰) prep. between Ez 41:9b (to be joined with v 10; see RVm), unless indeed a mere error for בֵּין (which Ez often uses); also Pr 8:2 according to 𝔊 (ἀνὰ μέσον) 𝔗 𝔙 Hi Ew^{§ 217 g}; and Jb 8:17 according to 𝔊 Ew Di¹ (Di² undecided).

† בִּינָה n.f. understanding 1 Ch 12:32 + 28 times; cstr. בִּינַת Pr 30:2 Is 29:14; sf. בִּינָתִי Jb 20:3 + 4 times; pl. בִּינוֹת Is 27:11;—

1. the act Is 33:19 Je 23:20 Dn 1:20; 8:15; 9:22; 10:1.

2. the faculty Jb 20:3; 39:26 Pr 3:5; 23:4; 30:2 Is 27:11; קנה בינה get understanding Pr 4:5, 7; 16:16.

3. the object of knowledge Dt 4:6 1 Ch 22:12 Jb 28:12, 20, 28; 34:16; 38:36; 39:17 Pr 9:6, 10; 23:23 Is 11:2; 29:14; יָדַע בִינָה 1 Ch 12:32 2 Ch 2:11, 12 Jb 38:4 Pr 1:2; 4:1 Is 29:24.

4. personified Pr 2:8; 7:4; 8:14.

† יָבִין n.pr.m. (one who is intelligent, discerning) two Canaanite kings of Hazor;—

1. Jos 11:1.

2. Ju 4:2, 7, 17, 23, 24^(×2) ψ 83:10. (But cf. Be Ju 4:2 Bu^{RS 66 ff.})

מבונים 2 Ch 35:3 Kt; read מבינים (Qr) & v. sub בין Hiph.

† תְּבוּנָה n.f. understanding Dt 32:28 + 27 times; sf. תְּבוּנָתִי Pr 5:1 + 7 times; תובנתו Jb 26:12 Kt (Qr תְּבוּנָתוֹ); תְּבוּנָם Ho 13:2 for תְּבוּנָתָם v. De ψ 27:5; תְּבוּנוֹת ψ 49:4 + 4 times; תְּבוּנוֹתֵיכֶם Jb 32:11;—

1. the act Jb 26:12 ψ 78:72; 136:5 Pr 3:19; 21:30; 24:3 Je 10:12 (= 51:15) Ez 28:4 Ho 13:2 Ob 7.

2. the faculty Ex 31:3; 35:31; 36:1 (P) Dt 32:28 (poet.) Jb 12:12, 13 Pr 2:6, 11; 28:16 Is 44:19; אִישׁ תְּבוּנָה Pr 10:23; 15:21; 17:27; 20:5; אִישׁ תְּבוּנוֹת Pr 11:12 (= Ob 8 where אישׁ omitted by scribal error); דֶּרֶךְ תְּבוּנָה Is 40:14.

3. the object of knowledge Pr 2:3; 3:13; 5:1; 14:29; 18:2; 19:8 ψ 49:4; 147:5 Is 40:28 1 K 5:9; 7:14; תטה לבך לתבונה incline thy mind to understanding Pr 2:2; reasons Jb 32:11.

4. personified Pr 8:1 as teacher.

תְּבוּנָם, תובנתו v. sub תְּבוּנָה.

בֵּיצָה v. sub בוץ.

בַּיִר v. בור sub באר.

† בִּירָה n.f. castle, palace (late & prob. loan-word; cf. Assyrian bîrtu, fortress Dl^{HA 22}; Pers. bâru = Skr. bura, bari, v. Ry Ne 2:8)—

1. of temple at Jerusalem 1 Ch 29:1, 19 הַבִּירָה; of fortress near temple Ne 2:8; 7:2 (cf. βᾶρις 𝔊L Ne 1:1; 2:8; 7:2—B ἁβιρά, βειρά—and later βᾶρις Jos^Ant. xv, 11, 4).

2. בְּשׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה Ne 1:1 Est 1:2, 5; 2:3, 5, 8; 3:15; 8:14; 9:6, 11, 12 Dn 8:2; in these passages it appar. means a fortress in the city bearing the same name (cf. especially Est 3:15; 8:14, 15; 9:6, 12, 15, 18).

† [בִּירָנִית] n.f. fortress, fortified place (late); only pl. abs. בִּירָנִיּוֹת וְעָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת 2 Ch 17:12 built by Jehoshaphat; בּ׳ וּמִגְדָּלִים 27:4 built by Jotham.

בַּ֫יִת₂₀₃₄ n.m. Dt 8:12 house (Ph. בת, MI. בת, sf. ביתה, Arabic بَيْتٌ, Aramaic בַּיְתָא, ܒܰܝܬܳܐ, Assyrian bîtu, COT^Gloss., Sab. בית, בת, fortress DHM^{ZMG 1883, 387}; temple Hal²⁵⁷ DHM^{ZMG 1876, 697}, Ethiopic ቤት: Palm. in בת עלמא, בת מקברתא sepulchre Vog^{32, 64 al.}; etym. dub.; Thes √ בות, Aramaic בּוּת, ܒܳܬ spend the night, Arabic بَاتَ, Ethiopic ቤተ: but this perhaps denom., & בית from √ ל״י c. ת afform. cf. Sta^{§ 187 a})—abs. בַּיִת Ex 12:30 +; בָּ֑יִת Gn 33:17 +; בַּ֫יְתָה (ָה loc.) ψ 68:7 +; cstr. בֵּית Gn 12:15 +; sf. בֵּיתִי Gn 15:2 +; בֵּיתְךָ Gn 7:1 +, etc.; הַבַּ֫יְתָה, בַּיְתָה (in) to the house, homeward, Gn 19:10 ψ 68:7 +; also בֵּ֫יתָה (in) to the house of …; pl. בָּֽתִּים Ex 1:21 + (i.e. bâttîm, v. Nö in Me^{Archaeology i. 456 f.}, cf. Ges^{§ 96}); cstr. בָּתֵּי Ex 8:17 +; sf. בָּתֶּיךָ Ex 10:6; בָּֽתָּיו 1 Ch 28:11; בָּתֵּינוּ Ex 12:27 +; בָּֽתֵּיכֶם Gn 42:19; בָּתֵּיהֶם Nu 16:32 +; (בָּֽתֵּ֫ימוֹ ψ 49:12), etc.;—

1. house, a. as dwelling, habitation Gn 19:2, 3, 4, 11; 27:15 33:17 (obj. of בָּנָה) Ex 12:7 + often; בּ׳ מוֹשַׁב Lv 25:29 (cf. בַּיִת לְשִׁבְתִּי 2 S 7:5); בֵּית = in the house of, when modifying word follows, cf. Dr^{Sm 29, n. 2} (after st. cstr. מוֹלֶדֶת בַּיִת אוֹ מוֹלֶדֶת הוּץ Lv 19:9); e.g. בּ׳ אָבִיךָ Gn 24:23; בּ׳ אִישָׁהּ Nu 30:11; בּ׳ יהוה 2 K 23:24; so in n.pr. ביתאל Am 7:13; (ה)בַּ֫יְתָה into the house, home Ex 9:19 (of man & beast) cf. Ju 19:18 1 S 6:7 (cf. v 10) 1 K 13:7, 15 ψ 68:7 Is 14:17 etc.; cf. sub 7 infr.; partic. (α) in J occasionally of tent Gn 27:15 cf. 33:17 c.בנה; here of nomad’s hut); usually (β) house of solid materials, with doorposts, etc. Ex 12:7 Dt 6:9; 11:20, walls Lv 14:37, 39, of stones, timber & mortar v 45 (cf. v 40, 42, 43); so also Jos 2:15; supported by pillars Ju 16:26 f.; with roof on which one could walk 2 S 11:12 etc.; v. especially temple and king’s house in Jerusalem 1 K 5–7 etc.; cf. Ct 1:17 Je 22:14; of Ezekiel’s temple Ez 40f.; בָּֽתֵּכֶם סְפוּנִים of luxurious houses Hg 1:4; בנה בָּֽתִּים טֹבִים Dt 8:12; בּנה בַּיִת־חָדָשׁ Dt 20:5 cf. 22:8; also c. בנה Dt 28:30 + often; (γ) cstr. before word of material, בּ׳ אֲרָזִים 2 S 7:2, 7 = 1 Ch 17:1 (בּ׳ הָא׳) v 6; בּ׳ הַשֵׁן 1 K 22:39 cf. Am 3:15; בּ׳ גָּזִית house of hewn stone Am 5:11; cf. בֵּית יַעַר הַלְּבָנוֹן 1 K 7:2 2 Ch 9:20, בֵּית הַיַּעַר Is 22:8; (δ) also before word of quality or characteristic, בֵּית אֵבֶל Ec 7:2 ‖ בּ׳ מִשְׁתֶּה; v 4 ‖ בּ׳ שִׂמְחָה; בּ׳ מַרְזֵחַ Je 16:5; בּ׳ מִשְׁתֶּה Je 16:8; בָּֽתֵּי חֶמְדָּתֵךְ Ez 26:12; בֵּית תַּעֲנֻנֶי֑הָ Mi 2:9; cf. בּ׳ מְרִי rebellious house sub 5. d infr.; (ε) in combinations, of structures for various purposes:—(1) בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ = palace 1 K 9:1, 10; 10:12 +, etc.; בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Am 7:13 cf. sub 2 infr.; בּ׳ הַמַּלְכוּת Est 5:1 cf. 2:16; בּ׳ לְמַלְכוּתוֹ 2 Ch 1:18; (2) בֵּית הַסֹּהַר = the prison Gn 39:20^(×2), 21, 22^(×2), 23^(×2); 40:3, 5; cf. בּ׳ מִשְׁמַרְכֶם Gn 42:19; בּ׳ מִשְׁמֶרֶת 2 S 20:3; בּ׳ הָאָסוּר Je 37:15; בּ׳ הָאֲסיּרים Ju 16:21, 25; בּ׳ הָסֿוּרִים Ec 4:14; בּ׳ הַכֶּלֶא 1 K 22:27 2 K 17:4 2 Ch 18:26 Je 37:15, 18 cf. Is 42:7; בּ׳ כֶּלֶא 2 K 25:27; בּ׳ הַמַּהְפֶּכֶת 2 Ch 16:10; בּ׳ הַכְּליּ֯א Je 37:4; 52:31; בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים Is 42:22; בֵּית־הַבּוֹר Je 37:16; בּ׳ הַפְּקֻדּוֹת Je 52:31; (3) בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים house of the women, harem Est 2:9, 11, 13, 14; (4) בּ׳ מִשְׁתֵּה הַיַּיִן Est 7:8; בּ׳ הַיָּ֑ין Ct 2:4; cf. מָשׂוֹשׂ בָּֽתֵּי Is 32:13; (5) בֵּית הַחֹרֶף Am 3:15 Je 36:22; בּ׳ הַקָּ֑יִץ Am 3:15; (6) בֵּית נְכֹתֹה & בֵּית כֵּלָיו 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:2; (7) בֵּית הַגָּן garden-h. (or n.pr.? cf. p. 111) 2 K 9:27; (8) בֵּית־עֵקֶד binding-h. (or n.pr.?) 2 K 10:12, 14; (9) בֵּיתעֲבָדִים h. of slaves (where slaves live), only fig. of Egypt Ex 13:3, 14; 20:2 Dt 5:6; 6:12; 7:8; 8:14; 13:6, 11 Jos 24:17 Ju 6:8 Mi 6:4 Je 34:13;—on בּ׳ הַחָפְשִׁית 2 K 15:5 = 2 Ch 26:21 cf. חפשׁית; especially (10) בֵּית י׳ = temple 1 K 7:12, 40, 45, 51 & very often; also (mostly late) בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים 1 Ch 9:11, 13, 26 + often; but also of earlier tent of worship Ju 18:31; v. also בּ׳ הָאֹהֶל 1 Ch 9:23; cf. בּ׳ אֱלֹהִים of local shrine 17:5; & also in mouth of Jacob, as explanation of name of Bethel Gn 28:17 (cf. v 19), & as name of stone, or Mac̦c̦eba v 22 (all E); also ב׳ י׳ of earlier tent of worship Ju 19:18 1 S 1:7, 24 2 S 12:20 (cf. further אֱלֹהִים, יהוה); בּ׳ הָאוֹצָר Mal 3:10; cf. הֵיכַל הַבַּיִת 1 K 6:3, & בּ׳ alone in same sense, especially 1 K 6 cf. 2 Ch 1:18; 2:3, 11 +; v. 1 Ch 28:2 בּ׳ מְנוּחָה לַאֲרוֹן בְּרִית־י׳ וְלַהֲדֹם רַגְלֵי אֱלֹהֵינוּ; also בֵּית הַקֹּדֶשׁ 29:3; בּ׳ קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים 2 Ch 3:8, 10; בּ׳ קָדְשֵׁנוּ וְתִפְאַרְתֵּנוּ Is 64:10; בֵּית־זְבֻל 2 Ch 6:2; בֵּית זָ֑בַח 2 Ch 7:12; בֵּית מִקְדָּשָׁם 2 Ch 36:17; בּ׳ תְּפִלָּה Is 56:7^(×2); בּ׳ תִּפְאַרְתִּי 60:7; also of heathen temples ב׳ בַּעַל־בְּרִית Ju 9:4; ב׳־דָּגוֹן 1 S 5:5; ב׳ עַשְׁתָּרוֹת 1 S 31:10; ב׳ רִמּוֹן 2 K 5:18^(×3); ב׳ הַבַּעַל 2 K 10:21^(×2), 23, 25, 26, 27; 11:18; בּ׳ עֲצַבֵּיהֶם 1 S 31:9 (but read rather את־עצביהם as in ‖ 1 Ch 10:9 so 𝔊 We Dr); בֵּית בָּמוֹת 1 K 12:31 (cf. MI בת במת), v. also 13:32 2 K 17:29, 32; בֵּית אוֹצַר אֱלֹהָיו Dn 1:2, etc.; made of woven material 2 K 23:7; אֲשֶׁד הַנָּשִׁים אֹרְגוֹת שָׁם בָּֽתִּים לָאֲשֵׁרָה perhaps = tent-shrines but textdub. 𝔊 χεττιεῖν (כתנות?); 𝔊L στολάς; cf. Ew^{H iii. 718} & Klo; (ζ) of portion of larger building (late), so pl. בָּֽתָּיו 1 Ch 28:11 i.e. of the temple (‖ גַּנְזַכָּיו, עֲלִיֹּתָיו, חֲדָרָיו); cf. בּ׳ הַכַּפֹּרֶת ib.; בּ׳ הַמְֿבַשְּׁלִים Ez 46:24. b. as shelter or abode of animals 1 S 6:7, 10 cf. Ex 9:19; בֵּית עַכָּבִישׁ Jb 8:14 spider’s web (cf. בָּנָה כָעָשׁ בֵּיתוֹ 27:18); of wild ass Jb 39:6 שַׂמְתִּי עֲרָבָה בֵיתוֹ; צִפּוֹר מָֽצְאָה בַּיִת ψ 84:4 (‖ קֵן); חֲסִידָה בְּרוֹשִׁים בֵּיתָהּ ψ 104:17 (cf. ‖ & Che); Pr 30:26 (of the שְׁפַנִּים ‘conies’). c. fig. of human bodies בָּֽתֵּי־חֹמֶר Jb 4:19 houses of clay, cf. in phr. שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת Ec 12:3 keepers of the house, i.e. the arms; v. further בֵּית מְגוּרָ֑י ψ 119:54. d. of Sh^e’ôl, שְׁאוֹל בֵּיתִי Jb 17:13, cf. בֵּית מוֹעֵד לְכָל־חָ֑י 30:23 (‖ מָוֶת); בֵּית עוֹלָמוֹ Ec 12:5 (perhaps = tomb, v. De). e. of abode of light & darkness Jb 38:20. f. Ephraim as בּ׳ יהוה Ho 8:1; 9:15 (cf. אֶרֶץ י׳ 9:3); cf. Zc 9:8.