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ב, בּ, Bêth, 2nd letter; post B Heb. = numeral 2 (and so in margin of printed MT); Bêth (with diaresis) = 2000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.

I. בְּ, prep. in (Moab. בּ, Syr. ܒ, Ar. ب, Eth. ba:) before tone-syllables in certain cases (Ges:§ 102. 2) בָּ, with suff. בִּי; בְּךָ (Ex 7:29, 2 S 22:30, Ps 141:8 בְּכָה), in pause and fem. בָּךְ; בּוֹ (once, Je 17:24 Kt בֹּה), בָּהּ; בָּנוּ; בָּכֶם, [בָּכֶן]; בָּהֶם, בָּם [also בָּהֵ֫מָּהEx 30:4, 36:1, Hb 1:16], בָּהֶן1 S 31:7, Is 38:16, Ez 42:14 [15 times בָּהֵן (Fr:MM 235), and thrice, Lv 5:22, Nu 13:19, Je 5:17, בָּהֵ֫נָּה]. Prep. denoting properly in, Gk. ἐν, but applied in many derived and fig. significations. The senses expressed by בְּ are grouped by the Rabbis in three classes, בֵּית הַכְּלִי Beth vasculi, בֵּית הַדִּיבִּוּק וְהַנְּגִיָ עה Beth coniunctionis et viciniae, בֵּית הָעֵזֶר Beth auxilii; and the same arrangement may be followed here, though the limits between the three classes are not clearly defined, and they sometimes overlap one another.

I. In:

1. strictly, of position in a place (which often is expressed more precisely by בְּקֶרֶב, בְּתוֹח), as בַּבַּיִת in the house, בָּעִיר in the city, בַּדּוּד in the pot, בָּאָרֶץ in the land, etc. constantly. Heb. idiom also says בָּהָר in the mountain Ex 24:18 etc., even in cases where we could hardly avoid saying on, as 1 K 11:7, 19:11: so בְּחֹרֵב Dt 1:16 al.; בְּראֹשׁ הָהָר Ex 24:17, Ps 72:16. Preceded by a verb of motion (esp. עָבַר) בְּ = through, as Gn 12:6 and Abram passed through בָּאָרֶץ in the land = passed through it, 13:17, 2 S 24:2 +; in (= through) a gate, Is 62:10, Je 17:19, Mi 2:13. Fig. to speak בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of …; to be good (or evil, etc.) בְּעֵינֵי in the eyes of …

2. of presence in the midst of a multitude, among, Ex 14:28 there was not left בָּהֶם among them even one, Lv 26:36 2 S 15:31 Ahitophel בַּקֹּשְׁרִים is among the conspirators, 2 K 18:5 בְּכֹל מַלְכֵי יְהוּדָה. So בְּךָ in thee (of Israel, coll.) Dt 7:14, 15:4, 15:7, 18:10, 23:11, 28:54 (diff. from עִמָָּח beside thee Lv 25:35).—Spec. a. of an individ., implying eminency among: Jos 14:15, Je 46:18 Tabor among the mountains, 49:15, Pr 30:30, Ct 1:8 הַיָּפָה בַנָּשִׁים the fair one (= the fairest) among women, La 1:1: cf. Luke 1:42. On 1 S 17:12 v. Dr. b. hence with some verbs, when the action refers to only a part of the object, as הִכָּהַ בְּ to smite among… i.e. to smite some of… (diff. from הִכָּה with accus.); הָרַג בְּ Ps 78:31; נָשָׂא בְּ to bear in, i.e. to share in bearing, Nu 11:17 al.; בָּנָה בְּ to build in or at Zc 6:15, Ne 4:4; עָשָׂה בְּ Ex 5:9; עָמֵל בְּ to labour on Jon 4:10; אָכַל בְּ, שָׁתָה בְּ to eat or drink of Ju 13:16, Pr 9:5; חָלַק בְּ to give a share in Jb 39:17. c. specifying the parts of which a whole consists (esp. in P) Gn 7:21, 8:17, 9:10, 9:16, 17:23, Ex 12:19, Nu 31:11, 31:26, Ho 4:3.

3. with ref. to the limits enclosing a space, within: Ex 20:10 בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ within thy gates, Is 56:5 בְּחוֹמוֹתַי within my walls.

4. often pregn. with verbs of motion, when the movement to a place results in rest in it, into: after בָּא Gn 19:8, Is 19:23; נָתַן Gn 27:17; שָׁלַח to send Lv 16:22; in among Jos 23:7, 23:12, 1 K 11:2.—Ho 12:7 (an extreme case) שׁוּב בְּ to return (and rest) in thy God, 1 S 16:3 (unless לַזָּבַָח should be read, as v:7).—עַיִן בְּעַיִן (with) eye (looking) into eye † Nu 14:14, Is 52:8; פָּנִים בְּפָנִיםDt 5:4; בְּ עֵינֵי פְ׳ the eyes of … are upon, both in favourable (Dt 11:12, Ps 101:6) and hostile (Am 9:8, Jb 7:8) sense.

5. applied to time, as Gn 1:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית in the beginning; 2:2 בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי on the seventh day; Ju 10:8 בַּשָּׁנָה הַהִיא in that year; & constantly.

6. of a state or condition, whether material or mental, in which an action takes place: so oft., בְּשָׁלוֹם in peace Gn 15:15; בַּצָּרָה in distress Ps 91:15; הָלַח בְּתֻמּוֹ to walk in his integrity; Ex 5:19 בְּרָע in evil case.

7. בְּ introduces the predicate, denoting it as that in which the subj. consists, or in which it shews itself (the Beth essentiae,—common in Arabic, esp. with a ptcp. or adj. and in a negative sentence: Qor 2:79 وَمَ الَّهُ بِغَافِلِ and God (appears) not as one remiss; 2:7 وَمَ هُم بِمُؤمِنِينَ and they are not believers [comp. French en—en honnête homme]; v. W:AG ii. § 56 a): viz. a. a primary pred., Ex 18:4 the God of my fathers בְּעֶזְרִי was my help, Ps 146:5, Ho 13:9 (rd. :כִּי מִי בְעֶזְרֶֽךָ with LXX SyrVer Che al.); Ps 68:5 בְּיָהּ שְׁמוֹ his name consists in Yah, Jb 23:13, 37:10. With the pred. in the pl. (as pl. maj.) Ps 118:7 בְּעֹזְרָָי י׳ J. is my great helper, 54:6 (v. Che), Ju 11:35. b. a secondary pred., Ex 6:3 and I appeared unto them בְּאֵל שַׁדָָּי as God Almighty, Nu 26:53 בְּנַחֲלָה as an inheritance, 34:2, Ez 46:16, 47:14, Dt 10:22, 26:14 I have not put away therefrom בְּטָמֵא as one unclean = while unclean, 28:62, Is 40:10 בְּחָזָק יָבוֹא he cometh as a strong one, Ps 35:2 (where v. De) and rise up as my help, v:16, 39:7, 55:19, Pr 3:26, Jb 36:32 (De). c. a pred. as accus., Is 48:10 I have refined thee וְלאֹ בְכָָסֶף but not as though silver, Ez 20:41; Nu 18:26, 36:2, Jos 13:6, 13:7, 23:4, Ez 45:1, 47:22, 47:22 (rd. יַפִּלוּ) 48:29 (v. LXX Co) all בְּנַחֲלָה (cf. b.), Ps 78:55 & allotted it בְּחֶבֶל נַחֲלָה as a line of inheritance (i.e. as a measured inheritance). Is 26:4 כִּי בְּיָהּ יהוה חוּר עוֹלָמִים י׳ is different—for in Yah there is a rock of ages (cf. Qor 4:7, 4:47 there is sufficiency in God as a patron). d. in comparisons, Ps 37:20 consume away בֶּעָשָׁן in the form of, as, smoke 78:33; 102:4, Jb 34:36, 36:14.

II. Denoting proximity—1. at, by (not very common): 1 S 29:1 בָּעַיִן by the spring; Ez 10:15, 10:20 בִּנְהַר כְּבָר by the river Chebar (1:3 עַל). 2. on: Gn 8:20, Nu 23:2 בַּמִּזְבֵּחַ on the altar; Ju 8:21 on the necks of the camels; 1 K 2:5 al. בְּמָתְנָיו on his loins; Is 59:17 a helmet בְּראֹשׁוֹ on his head. 3. often with verbs of touching, approaching, taking hold of, cleaving, etc., as אָחַז, דָּבֵק, חָשַׁק, נָגַע, נָגַשׁ, קָרַב, פָּגַּע, תָּמַח, תָּפַשׂ (see these words). 4. with words expressing or implying an act of hostility—a. against: Gn 16:12 יָדוֹ בַכֹּל וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ his hand against all, and the hand of all against him; בּ הָֽיְתָה יַד פְּ׳ Dt 13:10, 1 S 5:9, 18:17 + oft. Hence after verbs (q.v.) of fighting (נִלְחַם, רִיב), going up to invade (עָלָה), being angry (הִתְעַבֵּר, אָנַף, חָרָה אַף), sinning or acting treacherously (חָטָא, בָּגַד, מָרַד, מָרָה, מָעַל, פָּשַׁע, שִׁקֵּר, כִּזֵּב, כִּחֵשׁ), testifying (עָנָה, הֵעִיד), mocking (הִלְעִיג, הֵתֵל), feeling loathing (קוּץ), rebuking (גָּעַר: prop. to protest loudly), speaking (דִּבֶּר: Nu 12:8b), etc., & even (an extreme case) Ho 7:14 יָסוּרוּ בִי they turn aside (so as to be) against me. In a weaker sense מַשְׁתִּין בַּקִּיר mingens ad parietem 1 S 25:22 al. b. down to, upon (super with accus.), esp. in such phrases as דָּמָיו בּוֹ Lv 20:9 al. his blood be upon him; דָּמוֹ בְראֹשׁוֹ his blood be upon his head Jos 2:19; בְּראֹשׁוֹ (הֵשִׁיב י׳)שׁוּב Ju not found8:57 (רָעָה), 1 K 2:33 (דָּם), v:44 (רָעָה), Ps 7:17 (עֲמָלוֹ); בְּראֹשׁוֹ נָתַן דֶּרֶח פּ׳ 1 K 8:32 & oft. in Ez, as 9:10 11:21.

III. 1. Witha. of accompaniment: Nu 20:20 בְּעַם כָּבֵד with much people, Jos 22:8, Ju 11:34, 1 K 10:2, 2 K 5:9, Je 41:15; Ex 21:22 and he shall give בִּפְלִלִים with arbitrators (arbitrators being employed), Is 8:16 :בְּלִמֻּדָֽי with my disciples, i.e. having them present; Ex 8:1, 8:13, Je 11:19 עֵץ בְּלַחְמוֹ a tree with its sap; 1 K 19:19 וְהוּא בִּשְׁנֵים הֶעָשָׂר and he with the 12th. b. often of what one takes or brings with one: Gn 32:11 בְּמַקְלִי with my staff I passed over Jordan, Ju 11:34, 15:1, 1 S 1:24, Is 7:24; Mi 6:6 al. קִדֵּם בְּ to go to meet with; בָּא בְּ to come with Lv 16:3, Ps 66:13; 71:16. (In Arabic this usage is developed more fully than in Hebrew, and اتَي بِ lit. to come with, ذَهَبَ بِ lit. to go away with, are used idiomatically in the sense of to bring, and to take away respectively: W:AG ii. § 56 b.) Hence בְּאֵין, בְּאֶפֶס, בִּבְלִי, בְּלאֹ = without. c. of concomitant (or surrounding) conditions, as בְּחִפָּזוֹן with (or in) haste; בְּחֶדֶק with (or in) righteousness; בִּשְׁגָגָה in error; בִּתְרוּעָה וּבְקוֹל שׁוֹפָר 2 S 6:15; often in such phrases as בְּחִדְקָֽתְךָ Ps 31:2 in thy righteousness; בְּחַסְדְּךָ in thy mercy Ex 15:13; —בְּאָשְׁרִי with my happiness! = happy am I Gn 30:13; Ps 29:4 the voice of י׳ is בַּכֹּחַ with power = is powerful; Ex 32:12 בְּרָעָה with evil purpose; Ps 73:8 בְרָע in wickedness; 90:10 בִּגְבוּרֹת with strength. 2. of the instrument or means: as a. בַּחֶרֶב with the sword Ex 5:3 etc.; בְּרַגְלַיִם with the feet Is 28:3; …בְּיַד by the hand of … (v. sub יָד); to stone בְּאֶבֶן or בָּֽאֲבָנִים with stones Lv 20:2, Nu 14:10 etc.; שָׁתָה בְּ to drink with a cup Gn 44:5, Am 6:6 (cf. in Aram. Dn 5:2); to cry בְּגָרוֹן with the throat Is 58:1; to burn בָּאֵשׁ in or with fire (oft.); to slay or to perish בָּרָעָב through hunger or בַּדֶּבֶר through pestilence Ex 16:3, Je 21:9 + oft. (cf. Jb 27:15 בַּמָּוֶת יִקָּבֵָרוּ); to save with or by Ju 7:7, 1 S 14:6. b. idiom., with certain verbs, as שָׁחַק בְּ to play with Jb 40:29; עָבַד בְּ to labour with a person (as with an instrument), i.e. to use him as a slave Ex 1:14, Je 22:13, 27:7 al.; עָשָׂה בְּ Je 18:23, Ne 9:24, Dn 11:7, Est 1:15, 2:11, 3:11, 6:6; & perh. דִּבֶּר בְּ (of God) to speak with one Nu 12:2, 12:8a al. (v. Ew:§ 217 f. (3); Dr:Sm ii. 23, 2). Further בַּבַּעַל, הִתְנַבֵּא ביהוה to prophesy with or by י׳ or Baal, י׳ or Baal being the inspirer; שָׁאַל בְּ, דָּרַשׁ to inquire or ask by means of a god (or oracle). c. ביהוה through י׳ (= by His aid) in many connexions, as Ps 18:30, 44:6, 56:5, 56:11, 60:14, Is 26:13, 45:25, Ho 1:7, Zc 10:12; with pass. verbs Dt 33:29, Is 45:17 (to be saved): and even of the immediate cause Nu 36:2 to be commanded ביהוה by י׳, Gn 9:6 בָּאָדָם by man shall his blood be shed (both unusual), Ho 14:4. d. allied is the use of בְּ in such phrases as to bless, swear, speak, prophesy, etc., בְּשֵׁם in the name of … (i.e. the name being used or appealed to in the act) Dt 6:13, Je 11:21, etc. (so to swear ביהוה by י׳ Jos 2:12 etc., בִּימִינוֹ Is 62:8; to bless בְּךָ with thee Gn 48:20, to swear with me Ps 102:9, i.e. using my name in oath, Je 29:22); almost = in the authority and power of 1 S 17:45, 25:5, 1 K 21:8, Mi 4:5, Zc 10:12, Ps 20:6, 44:6, 89:25. e. בַּמָּה or בַּמֶּה by means of what? how? Gn 15:8, Ju 6:15, 16:5, 16:6, 16:10, 1 K 22:21, Mal 2:17. בְּזאֹת by means of this Gn 42:15, 42:33. Ex 7:17, Nu 16:28; with this = on this condition Gn 34:15, 34:22, 1 S 11:2, Is 27:9. 3. of cost or price (the Beth pretii), the price, whether given or received, being treated as the instrumental means by which the act is accomplished, with, for, at the cost of: thus regularly a. with שָׂכַר hire Gn 30:16, פָּדָה redeem Ex 34:20, אֵרֵשׂ betroth 2 S 3:14, קָנָה buy 2 S 24:24; 1 K 2:23 בְּנַפְשׁוֹ at the cost of his life hath A. spoken this word, 2 S 23:17 who went בְּנַפְשׂוֹתָם at peril of their lives, Pr 7:23, La 5:9, Jos 6:26 בִּבְכֹרוֹ יְיַסְּדֶנָּה at the price of his firstborn shall he lay its foundations, 1 Ch 12:19 בְּרָאשֵׁינוּ to the jeopardy of our heads he will fall away, etc. b. with מָכַר sell Dt 21:14; עָבַד serve Gn 29:18, 29:20, Ho 12:13; הֵמִיר exchange Lv 27:10, Ho 4:7 their glory I will exchange for ignominy, Ps 106:20; נָתַן בְּנֶשֶׁךְ to give for interest Lv 25:37, Ps 15:5; in other connexions Gn 23:9, 47:16 f. Is 45:13, La 1:11, Ct 8:7, 8:11; Dt 19:21 נֶפֶשׁ בְּנֶפֶשׁ עַיִן בְּעַיִן life for life, eye for eye; Is 2:22 בַּמֶּה נֶחְשָׁב הוּא at what is he to be accounted? 7:23 a thousand vines בְּאֶלֶף כָָּסֶף at a thousand (shekels of) silver.—Hence (perhaps) the idiom. usages שָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה year for year, one year like another, annually Dt 15:20 al.; יוֹם בְּיוֹם (late), כְּיוֹם בְּיוֹם1 S 18:10; כְּפַעַם בְּפַעַם (v. יוֹם, פַּעַם); חֹדֶשׁ בְּחֹדֶשׁ1 Ch 27:1. 4. rather peculiarly, in certain cases where the object of an action may be treated as the instrument by which it is accomplished: as הֵנַיעַ בְּראֹשׁ to shake with the head Je 18:6, Jb 16:4 (as well as הֵנִיעַ ראֹשׁ Ps 22:8); to open with the mouth Jb 16:10, with the lips Ps 22:8; to gnash with the teeth Jb 16:9 (to gnash the teeth Ps 35:16); to wink with the eye Pr 6:13 (to wink the eye, ib. 10:10); נָתַן בְּקוֹל to utter with the voice Ps 46:7, 68:34, Je 12:8 (but נָתַן קוֹל is more common); to stretch out with the hand La 1:17; הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶּה (unusual) Ex 7:20. So קָרָא בְּשֵׁם to call with the name—in diff. senses, acc. to the context, viz. to proclaim Ex 33:19, 34:5, Is 44:5, Ps 49:12; to invoke Gn 4:26, 12:8, 1 K 18:24–26, Is 12:4; to name honourably Is 43:1, 45:3. Cf. Ew:§ 282 d Ges:§ 119. 3 b R. W:AG ii. § 56 b β De:Jb 31:12; Pr 20:30. 5. with a causal force, through, on account of: Gn 18:28 הֲתַשְׁחִית בַּחֲמִשָּׁה wilt thou destroy on account of five the whole city? Lv 26:39, Nu 16:26, Dt 9:4, 9:5, 24:16 :אִישׁ בְּחֶטְאוֹ יוּמָֽתוּ they shall be put to death, each because of his own sin (cf. Je 31:30, Ez 3:18, v. 18:17) 2 S 3:27, 14:7 (cf. Jon 1:14) Is 7:4 (‖מִן) 28:7 (‖מִן) 50:1, 53:5, 57:17, Je 51:46, Ps 5:8, 5:11, 6:8 (‖מִן) 31:10, 32:3, 42:10, 90:9, 94:23. So in בַּאֲשֶׁר, בִּגְלַל (v. אֲשֶׁר, גָּלָל), & (sts.) in בִּדְבַר at, through, the word of .… 6. of the material with which a work is wrought, both absol. עָשָׁה בַזָּהָב to work with gold Ex 31:4, 1 K 7:14; and to make a thing with (in our idiom, of) gold Ex 38:8, Ez 7:20, 1 K 15:22 (בָּנָה). Without a verb Lv 13:52, 2 Ch 9:18. 7. with for although, in spite of (cf. Germ. bei alle dem): Lv 26:27, Nu 14:11 בְּכֹל הָאֹתוֹת in spite of all the signs that I have wrought, Dt 1:32, Is 47:9, Ps 27:3; esp. in the phrase בְּכָל־זאת for all this Is 5:25, 9:11, 9:16, 9:20, 10:4, Ps 78:32 al. (Cf. in Ar. بِمَا Qor 9:25.)

8. of a standard of measurement or computation, with, by: Ex 12:4 בְּמִכְסַת נְפָשֹׁת by the computation of souls; Lv 5:25 al. בְּעֶרְכְּךָ by thy reckoning; Ez 4:10; בְּמִסְפָּר by number Dt 25:2 +;…בְּמִסְפַּר by the number of … Lv 25:15, 25:50, Nu 1:2, etc.; בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ Ex 30:13 al. (in P); בָּאַמָּה often (v. אַמָּה); Dt 3:11 בְּאַמַּת אִישׁ by the cubit of a man; 2 S 14:26 בְּאֶבֶן הַמֶּלֶךְ. Of a model, Gn 1:26 בְּחַלְמֵנוּ in our image, 5:1, 5:3, Ex 25:40; בְּדֶרֶךְ with the way (= in the manner) of ... Is 10:24, 10:26, Am 4:10.

IV. בְּ is used also with certain classes of verbs, though the explanation of its use may be sometimes doubtful: viz. a. with verbs of taking refuge, trusting, relying, as הֶאֱמִין, בָּטַח, חָסָה, נִשְׁעַן. b. with verbs of ruling, governing, restraining, as מָלַךְ, מָשַׁל, נָגַשׂ, עָחַר, רָדָה, שָׁלַט. c. with verbs of rejoicing, feeling pleasure or satisfaction, etc., as גִּיל, עָלַץ, שׂוּשׂ, שָׂמֵחַ, חָפֵץ, רָחָה, שָׂבַע (but with this verb מִן is more common). [Prob. a case of III. 5.] d. with verbs expressive of sensible perception, to denote the pleasurable or attentive exercise of the faculty concerned, as שָׁמַע בְּ to listen to, הִבִּיט בְּ, רָאָה, חָזָה, to look upon, הֵרִיחַ בְּ to smell at (see these words). e. occasionally also with verbs of speaking, thinking, mentioning, knowing, to denote the object of the action, as דִּבֶּר בְּ to speak about Dt 6:7, Ps 87:3 al. (v. sub דִּבֶּר); הִלֵּל בְּ, הָגָה, שִׂיחַ Ps 44:9, 63:7, 69:13; יָדַע Je 38:24; זָכַר once Je 3:16, הִזְכִּיר oft.; Ps 71:6 בְּךָ תְהִלָּתִי of thee is my praise.

V. Followed by an inf. c., בְּ forms a periphrasis for the gerund, though in English it is commonly to be rendered by a verb and conj., viz.:—1. as a temporal conj., as Gn 2:4 בְּהִבָּֽרְאָם in their being created = when they were created, 4:8 בִּהְיוֹתָם in their being (= when they were) in the field; and constantly. Sometimes it has in appearance the force of after that, as Gn 33:18, Ex 3:12, 13:17; but as a rule this is really due to the action denoted by the inf. being treated as extending over a period within which the action of the principal verb takes place: so esp. in the phrase בְּחֵאת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּחְרַיִם, even of events at the close of the 40 years, Dt 4:45, 23:5, Jos 5:4, the whole period being treated as that in which Egypt was left (comp. 2 K 2:1, where the time included is future). Cases, however, occur in which this explanation will hardly apply, as Dt 27:4, 24:12. 2. as a causal conj. (cf. above III. 5), as Gn 19:16 בְּחֶמְלַת י׳ עָלָיו through J.&atO;’s having compassion upon him, Ex 16:7, 33:16, 34:29, Dt 1:27 אֹתָנוּ בְּשִׂנְאַת י׳ through J.&atO;’s hating us, etc. (9:28 similarly מִן), 1 K 18:18 (= in that ye have …) Ez 9:8, 43:8, 44:7, 2 Ch 28:6. 3. as a concessive conj., when = though: Is 1:15, Ps 46:3 בְּהָמִיר אָָרֶץ though the earth do change.

Note.Ex 10:12 בָּאַרְבֶּה can only be rendered ‘ with the locusts,’ the locusts being conceived as implicit in Moses' uplifted hand: but prob. לָאַרְבֶּה should be read. Thrice in late Heb. בְּ is used peculiarly: 1 Ch 7:23 for with misfortune was it in his house (בְּרָעָה chosen for the purpose of explaining בְּרִיעָה); 9:33 עֲלֵיהֶם בַּמְּלָאכָה it devolved upon them with the work; Ezr 3:3 for with terror (was it) upon them from the peoples of the countries (the sentence without a verb as oft. in Chr.: Dr:Intr. 504 f.): cf. 8:34. Comp. Ew:§ 295 f.

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בְּמוֹ poet. for בְּ (v. sub מוֹ: cf. Sab. בם, DHM:ZMG 1883, 344) Is 25:10 Qr (< Kt בְּמֵי) 43:2, 44:16, 44:19, Ps 11:2, Jb 9:30 Kt (> Qr בְמֵי) 16:4, 16:5, 19:16, 37:8.

II. בְּ, perh. abbrev. in n.pr. for בֶּן־, בֵּית q.v.

בִּאָה v. sub בּוֹא. p. 99

† [באר] vb. only Pi. make distinct, plain (so NH, Aram.; Lag:BN 58 prop. for Qal בָּאֵר, בָּאֹר, cf. deriv. infr.; Thes & most comp. Ar. بَأَرَ dig a pit or well, but this prob. denom. v. Lag:l. c.)—Pi. Pf. 3 ms. בֵּאֵר Dt 1:5, Imv. בָּאֵר Hb 2:2; Inf. abs. בַּאֵר Dt 27:8 (cf. Bö:§ 393, 4)—make distinct, plain, of letters on tablets Hb 2:2 כְּתֹב חָזוֹן וּבָאֵר עַל־ הַלֻּחוֹת לְמַעַן יָרוּץ קוֹרֵא בוֹ, i.e. so that one may run past and (still) read; or, so that one may read swiftly; on stones Dt 27:8 וְכָתַבְתָּ עַל־ בַּאֵר הֵיטֵב …. הָאֲבָנִים and thou shalt write upon the [whitewashed] stones all the words of this law, doing it plainly and well; fig. explain, expound Dt 1:5 הוֹאִיל משֶׁה בֵּאֵר חַתּוֹרָה Moses began (and) expounded the law.

בְּאֵר n.f.:Gn 26:21 well, pit, mostly Hex, Gn 23 t. Ex 1 t. Nu 5 t., 37 t. in all; Ar. بِئرُ, Aram. בְּאֵרָא, בֵּיר, בֵּירָא, ܒܺܪܳܐ, Sab. באר DHM:ZMG. 1875, 608, As. bêru, Lyon:Sargon 61 (connexion with above √ not clear; Lag:l. c. spring of water, as coming to light, appearing; possible, although meaning in use rather well, than spring; v. however, Gn 16:14 cf. v:7, 26:19, Nu 21:17)—בּ׳ abs. Gn 21:30 +; cstr. 21:19 +; sf. בְּאֵֶרָךָ Pr 5:15; Pl. abs. בְּאֵרֹת Gn 26:15; cstr. id. 26:18; cf. בֶּאֱרֹת בֶּאֱרֹת חֵמָר Gn 14:10; —

1. a well, often as made by digging (חָפַר) Gn 21:25, 21:30 (E), 26:15, 26:18, 26:19, 26:21, 26:22, 26:32 (all J), also poet. Nu 21:18 (+ כרה) vid. also v:16, v:17 (where the well addressed, in song, עֲלִי בְאֵר); also c. כרה in prose Gn 26:25; also with no ref. to its origin Gn 16:14 (J; ‖עַיִן v:7), 29:2, Ex 2:15 (J) Nu 20:17, 21:22 (E) 2 S 17:18, 17:21; מַיִם(ה)בְּאֵר Gn 21:19 (E) 24:11 (J; ‖עַיִן vv:13, vv:16, vv:43, vv:45); (cf. also 21:25, 26:18 supr. & esp. v:19 בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים); water taken from it by drawing (שָׁאַב) Gn 24:11, 24:20; flocks watered from it (הִשְׁקָה מִן־) 29:2, 29:3, 29:8, 29:10 (cf. esp. Ex 2:16 they drew, דלה, and filled the troughs); also מִתּוֹךְ בְּאֵרֶָךָ …. שְׁתֵה מַיִם Pr 5:15 (‖בּוֹר); the opening called פִּי הַבְּאֵר Gn 29:2, 29:3, 29:3, 29:8, 29:10; cf. פְּנֵי הַבּ׳ 2 S 17:19 (rd. prob. פּי so Sam. Targum SyrVer Vulgate, cf. Dr); fig. of fresh delights of woman beloved Ct 4:15 מַעְיַן גַּנִּים בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים וְנוֹזְלִים מִן־לְבָנוֹן.

2. pit (= בּוֹר); pits of bitumen Gn 14:10 (cf. supr.); בְּאֵר שַׁחַת Ps 55:24 pit of (the) grave; cf. 69:16 וְאַל־תֶּאְטַר עָלַי בְּאֵר פִּיהָ and let not (the) pit shut its mouth over me (‖מְחוּלָה); fig. of strange woman בְּאֵר חָרָה a narrow pit, out of which rescue is difficult Pr 23:27 (‖שׁוּחָה עֲמֻקָּה).

3. as n.pr.loc. a. c. הָ loc. בְּאֵ֫רָה a station of Isr. in desert Nu 21:16, possibly = בְּאֵר אֵילִים Is 15:8. b. same form Ju 9:21, acc. to Euseb. Lag:Onom.238, 2nd ed. 250 8 miles north of Eleutheropolis; cf. Rob:BR i. 452 who comp. el-Bîreh, near Beth-shemesh.

בְּאֵר אֵילִים v. בְּאֵר 3. a. above

בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי n.pr.loc. (lit. well of the living One that seeth me) Gn 16:14 (where explan., from story of Hagar) 24:62, 25:11 (all J); perh. name of ancient shrine or holy place, cf. Sta:ZAW ii. 347 & Di Gn 16:14; W. of Kadesh, cf. Jer sub Barad, Lag:Onom. 101, 2nd ed. 135, v. Rowlands in Williams:Holy City, 489 Trumbull:Kadesh-Barnea 64.

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בְּאֵר שֶׁ֫בַע n.pr.loc. Beersheba (well of seven, explained Gn 21:30, 21:31 as place of swearing by seven lambs, or, well of oath, v. שְׁבֻעָה; cf. same meaning otherwise derived 26:33)—בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Gn 26:33 + 13 t., בְּאֵר־שֶׁבַע Jos 19:2; בְּאֵר שָָׁבַע Gn 21:14 + 18 t.; בְּאֵ֫רָה שֶׁבַע (הָ loc.) Gn 46:1—south from Hebron, acc. to Onom. c. 20 miles Lag:Onom. 103, 234, 2nd ed. 138, 248; mod. Bîr-es-Seba, 12 h. fr. Hebron Rob:BR i. 204 f. Survey:iii. 394 Gn 21:14, 21:31, 21:32, 21:33, 22:19, 22:19, 26:23, 26:33, 28:10, 46:1, 46:5, Jos 15:28, 19:2, Ju 20:1, 1 S 3:20, 8:2, 2 S 17:11, 24:7, 1 K 19:3, 2 K 12:2, 23:8, Am 5:5, 1 Ch 4:28, 2 Ch 19:4, 24:1, Ne 11:27, 11:30; in phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בּ׳ from Dan to Beersheba (i.e. all the territory of Israel, v. דָּן) Am 8:14, Ju 20:1, 1 S 3:20, 2 S 3:10, 17:11, 24:2, 24:15, 1 K 5:5, & (only Ch) מִבְּאֵר שֶׁבַע וְעַד־דָּן from Beersheba to Dan 1 Ch 21:2, 2 Ch 30:5.

בְּאֵרָא n.pr.m. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:37.

בְּאֵרָה n.pr.m. a Reubenite 1 Ch 5:6.

בְאֵרוֹת n.pr.loc. (but only 2 S 4:2 acc. to Masorah, v. BD:Ezr 2:23 elsewh. בְּאֵרֹת), city of the Gibeonites Jos 9:17; assigned to Benjamin 2 S 4:2, Jos 18:25; cf. also Ezr 2:25, Ne 7:29; mod. el-Bîreh Rob:BR i. 452 Bd:Pal 214 Survey:iii. 88.

בְּאֵרֹתִי adj.gent. always c. art. 2 S 4:2, 4:5, 4:9, 23:37 = הַבֵּרֹתִי 1 Ch 11:39; pl. הַבְּאֵרֹתִים 2 S 4:3.

בְּאֵרֹת בְּנֵי־יַעֲקָן n.pr.loc. Dt 10:6 (cf. Nu 33:31, 33:32, where בני יעקן), a station of Isr. in desert, prob. in country of Horites, cf. Di.

בְאֵרִי n.pr.m. (my well).

1. a Hittite, Esau's father-in-law Gn 26:34.

2. Hosea's father Ho 1:1.

† [בּאֹר] n.m.:Je 2:13 cistern, pit, well (for בְּאֹר cf. בּוֹר)—sg. Kt באר 2 S 23:15, 23:16, 23:20 (Qr בֹּר); appar. well v:15, v:16 (rd. perh. בְּאֵר), pit v:20; pl. Je 2:13 me they have forsaken, the fountain of living water, לַחְחֹב לָהֶם בּאֹרוֹת בּאֹרֹת נִשְׁבָּרִים, to hew out for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns, etc.

בּוֹר n.m.:Gn 37:20 pit, cistern, well (= בְּאֹר, MI בר, Ar. بُؤْرَةُ hole or hollow for cooking, As. bûrtum Dl:Pr 182, bûru Lotz:TP 169)—בּ׳ abs. Gn 37:22 +; בֹּר Ex 21:33 (2 S 23:20 Qr, v. באר supr.); cstr. בּוֹר 2 K 10:14 + (2 S 23:15, 23:16 Qr, v. באר supr.); בֹּ֫רָה (הָ loc.) Gn 37:24; sf. בּוֹרוֹ Is 36:16 = בֹּרוֹ 2 K 18:31; בּוֹרֶָךָ Pr 5:15; pl. בֹּרוֹת Gn 37:20 + 3 t.; בֹּרֹת Dt 6:11:—

1. cistern, containing water, made by digging (חחב) Dt 6:11, 2 Ch 26:10, Ne 9:25; also (without ref. to origin) Pr 5:15 (‖בְּאֵר) Lv 11:36 (‖מַעִיָן), 1 S 19:22, Is 36:16 = 2 K 18:31.

2. later appar. well (= בְּאֵר) 1 Ch 11:17, 11:18 = Qr 2 S 23:15, 23:16 (yet now no well at Bethlehem Rob:BR i. 470, 473 cf. also Survey:iii. 28 Guêrin:Judêe i. 130), cf. Ec 12:6 & Je 6:7 Kt כְּהָקִיר בו֯ר מֵימֶיהָ as a well casteth out its water (Qr בַּיִר); but הקיר perh. keep cool, fresh LXX Vulgate Hi Gf.

3. pit Ex 21:33 (vb. פתח), v:33 (כרה), cf. v:34; cf. fig. Ps 7:16 of wickedness (‖שַׁחַת; vb. כרה, חפר); 1 S 13:6 as hiding-place; 2 S 23:20 (Qr) = 1 Ch 11:22, 2 K 10:14 בּוֹר בֵּית עֵ֫קֶד; of pit into wh. Joseph was cast Gn 37:20, 37:22, 37:24 (וְהַבּוֹר רֵק אֵין בּוֹ מָיִם) v:28, v:29, v:29 (JE), cf. further Je 41:7, 41:9; fig. of Sarah as mother of Israel מַקֶּבֶת בּ׳ Is 51:1; fig. of calamity Ps 40:3 בּוֹר שָׁאוֹן; cf. Ps 88:7 תַּחְתִּיּוֹת בּ׳.

4. dungeon (pit with no water in it Je 38:6 Zc 9:11 cf. Gn 37:24 supr.) Gn 40:13, 41:14 (E) Is 24:22, Je 38:6, 38:6 (אֵין מַיִם בּ׳) v:7, v:9, v:10, v:11, v:13; also בֵּית הַבּוֹר prison Ex 12:29, Je 37:16; fig. of exile Zc 9:11 (מִבּוֹר אֵין מַיִם בּוֹ); cf. also La 3:53, 3:55.

5. (poet. & late; never c. art.) pit of the grave Pr 28:17; so אַבְנֵי ב׳ stones of the pit Is 14:19 (of sepulchre, walled with stones) & of Shₑ’ôl Ps 30:4 (‖שׁאול); יַרְכְּתֵי ב׳ loins of (the) pit, i.e. remotest pit Is 14:15 (‖שׁאול) Ez 32:23 esp. in phrase יוֹרְדֵי בוֹר those going down to (the) pit Ps 28:1, 143:7, Is 38:18, Ez 26:20, 32:25, 32:29, 32:30; also, (‖שׁאול), Ps 88:5, Pr 1:12; further Ez 26:20, 32:18, 32:24 (all ‖אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּיּוֹת), 31:14, 31:16 (both ‖אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִּית; v:14 ‖ also מָוֶת, v:16 שְׁאוֹל).

בּוֹר הַסִּרָה n.pr.loc. 2 S 3:26 (cistern of Sirah, Thes cist. declinationis, MV of the pot, v. סיר).

בּוֹר עָשָׁן (so rd. for ordinary כור ע׳, v. BD:Gn, p. vi. LXX SyrVer) n.pr.loc. 1 S 30:30 (smoking pit), in S.W. of Judah; elsewhere עָשָׁן q.v.

בַּיִר Qr Je 6:7 v. בּוֹר. above

בֵּרִי n.pr.m. a descendant of Asher 1 Ch 7:86 (perh. = בְּאֵרִי).

בֵּרוֹ֫תָה n.pr.loc. near Hamath Ez 47:16 (contr. fr. בְּאֵרוֹתָה ?), cf. foll.;—hardly = Berytus (Beirût) with wh. form of name might agree v. Steph. Byzant. al. in Movers:Phen. ii. 1. 110 n.; perh. Bereitān near Baalbek, v. Furrer:ZPV viii. 34.

בֵּרֹתַי n.pr.loc. belonging to Hadadezer of Zoba 2 S 8:8; perh. = foregoing.

בֵּרֹתִי adj.gent. 1 Ch 11:39 v. הַבְּאֵרֹתִי supr.

בָּאַשׁ vb. have a bad smell, stink (Ar. بِئْسَ be evil, Aram. בְּאֵשׁ, ܒܶܐܫ be evil, As. bîšu Lotz:TP 78)—Qal Pf. וּבָאַשׁ consec. Ex 7:18; Impf. וַיִּבְאַשׁ v:21, ־אַָשׁ 16:20; 3 fs. תִּבְאַשׁ Is 50:2; וַתִּבְאַשׁ Ex 8:10; —stink, of Nile, on account of dead fish Ex 7:18, 7:21 (E); of land of Egypt, owing to dead frogs 8:10 (J); of manna kept over 16:20 (P ? or R) וַיָּרֻם תּוֹלָעִים וַיִּבְאַָשׁ and it grew foul (rotten, decayed) with worms, and stank; Is 50:2 תִּבְאַשׁ דְּגָתָם מֵאֵין מַיִם וְתָמֹת בַּצָּמָא their fish stink for lack of water, etc. (LXX Lo Di rd. תִּיבַשׁ, dry up and die, which suits ‖, but not the usage of יָבֵשׁ). Niph. Pf. נִבְאַשׁ 1 S 13:4; נִבְאֲשׁוּ 2 S 10:6; נִבְאַשְׁתָּ 2 S 16:2; —only fig. make oneself odious, become odious (cf. Eng. be in bad odour), sq. אֵת with = towards; נִבְאַשְׁתָּ אֶת־אָבִיךָ 2 S 16:21 thou hast become odious with thy father; also sq. בְּ (rather strangely) 1 S 13:4 Isr. made themselves odious to the Philistines; 2 S 10:6 Ammonites to David. Hiph. Pf. הִבְאִישׁ Ex 16:24, 1 S 27:12; הִבְאִישׁוּ Ps 38:6; הִבְאַשְׁתֶּם Ex 5:21; Impf. יַבְאִישׁ Pr 13:5, Ec 10:1; Inf. abs. הַבְאֵשׁ 1 S 27:12; cstr. sf. לְהַבְאִישֵׁנִי Gn 34:30; —

1. emit a stinking odour Ex 16:24 of manna (cf. Qal v:20); Ps 38:6 הִבְאִישׁוּ נָמַקּוּ חַבּוּרֹתָָי my wounds have grown stinking, they have festered (of chastisement for sin); 1 S 17:12 fig. of David הַבְאֵשׁ הִבְאִישׁ בְּעַמּוֹ he hath become utterly abhorred among his people.

2. cause to stink, זְבוּבֵי מָוֶת יַבְאִישׁ יַבִּיעַ שֶׁמֶן רוֹקֵָחַ dead flies cause to stink (and) to ferment the oil of a perfumer; usually fig. הִבְאַשְׁתֶּם אֶת־רֵיחֵנוּ Ex 5:21 (J), i.e. ye have made us odious, sq. בְּעֵינֵי, cf. (c. acc. pers.) Gn 34:30 sq. בְ; also without obj. Pr 13:5 a wicked man makes odious and shameful (De Now Str; Be Ew Hi Zö acts odiously and shamefully). Hithp. Pf. הִתְבָּאֲשׁוּ 1 Ch 19:6 they had made themselves odious (= Niph. in ‖ 2 S 10:6), sq. עִם.

93

בְּאשׁ n.m. stench—בּ׳ cstr. Am 4:10; sf. בָּאְשׁוֹ Jo 2:20; בָּאְשָׁם Is 34:3; —מַחֲנֵיכֶם בּ׳, i.e. stench of corpses Am 4:10, also Is 34:3; cf. Jo 2:20 of locusts עָלָה בּ׳ (‖תַּעַל חַחֲנָתוֹ ).

בָּאְשָׁה n.f. (stinking things) stinking or noxious weeds, Jb 31:40 תַּחַת חִטָּה יֵחֵא חוֹחַ וְתַחַת־ שְׂעֹרָה בָאְשָׁה instead of wheat may there spring forth bramble, and instead of barley stinking weeds (cf. As. bîšu Zehnpfund:BAS i. 633).

בְּאֻשִׁים n.[m.]pl. stinking or worthless things, wild grapes (NH n. unit. בְּאוּשָׁה) (perh. adj. om. עֲנָבִים cf. Di) Is 5:2, 5:4 of Yahweh's vineyard, Vulgae labruscae (v. further De).

† [בָּבָה] n.f. only בָּבַת עֵינוֹ Zc 2:12 the apple of his eye (Aram. ܒܳܒܬܳܐ ܕܥܰܝܢܳܐ; בָּבָא gate Targum Est 5:14; Thes sub נבב to which Ges gives sense perforate, hence opening of eye; but cf. Ar. بُؤْبُؤْعين pupil of eye, perh. = بَبَّةُ Dozy:49 babe, baby, bêbê (imitating infant's prattle) i.e. child of the eye; v. Hi St, Fl in ChWB:i. 419 b; cf. אישׁוֹן ?).

בֵּבַי n.pr.m. a chief of returning exiles בֵּכָָי Ne 10:16; בְּנֵי בֵבַי Ezr 8:11; בֶּן־בֵּבָָי Ezr 8:11; בְּנֵי בֵבָָי Ezr 2:11, 10:28, Ne 7:16.

בָּבֶ֫ל:262 n.pr.loc. Babel, Babylon (in As. written Bab-ilu, gate of god Dl:Pa 212, cf. on other hand Jen:Kosmol. 498)—c. הָ loc. בָּבֶ֫לָה Ez 12:13 +, בָּבֶָלָה 2 K 20:17 + once מִבָּבֶ֫לָה Je 27:16; —the ancient capital of Babylonia, mod. Hillah, situated on Euphrates, in long. c. 44° 30´ E., and lat. c. 320 50´ N.; Gn 10:10, 11:9 (where name connected with בלל confuse, confound), both J, not elsewh. in Hex; 2 K 17:24 + 31 t. 2 K; 18 t. Chr; Est 2:6; late Ps 87:4, 137:1, 137:8; Is:2, Is:3, viz. 13:1, 13:19, 14:4, 14:22, 21:9, 39:1, 39:3, 39:6, 39:7, 43:14, 47:1, 48:14, 48:20; Mi 4:10 (but here prob. not orig., cf. RS:Proph. vii. n. 5 & reff.) Zc 2:11, 6:10, Dn 1:1, Ez 12:13 + 19 t. Ez; Je 20:4, 20:4, 20:5, 20:6 + 165 t. Je—note esp. אֶרֶץ בּ׳ Je 50:28; also of land & people = realm, partic. in מֶלֶךְ בּ׳ 2 K 20:12 of Merodach Baladan; v:18, 24:1, 24:7, 24:11, 24:12, 24:12 + oft. of Nebuchadrezzar; 2 K 25:27 = Je 52:31 cf. v:34 of Evil-Merodach; Ne 13:6 of Artaxerxes; the city personif. as בַּת בָּבֶל Is 47:1, Je 50:42. (See Dl:Pa 212 COT Gn 11:9, KG:95.)

† [בַּג] Ez 25:7 rd. בַּז v. בזז. P. 103

† [בָּגַד] vb. act or deal treacherously—Qal Pf. בָּֽגְדָה Je 3:20 + 14 t.; Impf. יִבְגֹּד Mal 2:15 + 5 t.; נִבְגַּד Mal 2:10; Inf. abs. בָּגוֹד Is 48:8, Je 5:11; cstr. בְּגֹד Is 33:1; בִּגְדוֹ Ex 21:8; Pt. בֹּגֵד Pr 22:12 + 11 t.; בּוֹגֵד Is 33:1 + 10 t.;—act or deal treacherously, faithlessly, deceitfully, in the marriage relation, in matters of property or right, in covenants, in word and in general conduct. a. abs. 1 S 14:33, Jb 6:15, Ps 78:57, Is 24:16, 33:1, 33:1, 48:8, Mal 2:11. Cf. phrases אחי בגדו כמו נחל my brethren have dealt deceitfully as a brook Jb 6:15; בֹּגְדִים בָּנָ֑דוּ וּבֶגֶד בּוֹגְדִים בָּגָ֑דוּ the treacherous have dealt treacherously, yea in treachery have the treacherous dealt treacherously Is 24:16 (striking alliteration); בֹּגְדֵי אָוֶן treacherous in wickedness Ps 59:6. b. with בְּ Ex 21:8 (E), Ju 9:23, Is 33:1, 33:1, Je 3:20, 5:11, 12:6, La 1:2, Ho 5:7, 6:7, Mal 2:10, 2:14, 2:15, 2:16. c. c. acc. Ps 73:15. d. c. מִן pregnant, בָּֽגְדָה אִשָּׁה מֵרֵעָהּ acteth treacherously (in departing) from her friend Je 3:20. The ptcp. is used Pr 2:22 + 8 t., Ps 25:3, 59:6, 119:158, Is 21:2, 24:16, 24:16, 33:1, Je 3:8, 3:11, 9:1, Hb 1:13, 2:5; בֹּגְדֵי בָָגֶד dealers treacherously in treachery (very treacherously) Je 12:1.

† I. בֶּ֫גֶד n.[m.] treachery, Is 24:16, Je 12:1.

בֹּגְדוֹת pl.abst. אַנְשֵׁי בֹגְדוֹת men of treachery Zp 3:4.

† [בָּגוֹד] adj. treacherous, f. בָּֽגוֹדָה (on form cf. Ew:§ 152 b Nö:§ 107) Je 3:7, 3:10.

II. בֶּ֫גֶד n.m. (except Lv 6:20 עָלֶיהָ, but Sam. עליו, cf. Di in loco Kö:i. 182) garment, covering—Gn 28:2 + 36 t.; sf. בִּגְדוֹ Ez 9:3 + (14 t. without dag. lene Ges:Lgb. 94); pl. בְּגָדִים Lv 6:4 + 32 t.; cstr. בִּגְדֵי Gn 27:15 + 39 t.; sf. בְּגָדֶיךָ 1 K 22:20 + 81 t.; בִּגְדֹתֶיךָ Ps 45:9; —

1. garment, clothing, raiment, robe of any kind, from the filthy clothing of the leper to the holy robes of the high priest, the simplest covering of the poor as well as the costly raiment of the rich and noble, used throughout Heb. Lit.: Gn 24:53 (J), 28:20 (E; 14 t. JE), Ex 28:2 + (P 90 t.), Dt 24:17, Ju 8:26 + 4 t., 1 S 19:13 + 10 t., 1 K 1:1 + 23 t., 2 Ch 18:9 + (Chr 9 t.), Est 4:1, 4:4, Jb 13:28, 22:6, 37:17, Ps 22:19, 45:9, 102:27, 109:19, Pr 6:27, 20:16, 25:20, 27:13, Ec 9:8, Is:2, 24:16, 36:22, 37:1, Is:3, 50:9 + 10 t., Je 12:1 + 3 t., Ez 16:16 + 13 t., Jo 2:13, Am 2:8, Hg 2:12, Zc 3:3, 3:4, 3:5, 14:14; מְלאֹ בִגְדוֹ his lap-ful 2 K 4:39.

2. covering, wrapping, of furniture of tabernacle Nu 4:6 – 13 (6 t.); coverlet of a bed 1 S 19:13.

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בִּגְוַי n.pr.m. (cf. Skr. bhagavân, happy) ?)

1. a companion of Zerubbabel Ezr 2:2 = Ne 7:7; perh. = head of a family of returning exiles Ezr 2:14 (בִּגְוָ֑י) = Ne 7:19, cf. Ezr 8:14.

2. a chief of the people in Nehemiah's time Ne 10:17; cf. Sm:Listen 13.

בִּגְלַל v. גלל. p. 164 ff

בִּגְתָא n.pr.m. (Pers. cf. אֲבַגְתָא) a eunuch of Ahasuerus Est 1:10.

בִּגְתָן n.pr.m. (Pers. bagadâna, gift of God ?) a eunuch of Ahasuerus Est 2:21 = בִּגְתָנָא 6:2.

בִּגְתָ֫נָא v. foregoing.

† I. בַּד, בָָּד n.[m.] white linen (deriv. unknown) pl. בַּדִּיםאֵפוֹד בָָּד 1 S 2:18 (Samuel), 22:18 (priests of Nob), 2 S 6:14 = 1 Ch 15:27 (David): in P as material of diff. priestly vestments Ex 28:42, 39:28, Lv 6:3, 6:3, 16:4, 16:4, 16:4, 16:4, 16:23, 16:32. Pl. בַּדִּים(הַ)לבושׁ (ה) clad in (the) linen garments, of angel Ez 9:2, 9:3, 9:11, 10:2, 10:6, 10:7, Dn 10:5, 12:6, 12:7.

II, III. בַּד v. sub I, II. בדד. p. 94–5

בָּדָא vb. devise, invent (bad sense) (Mish. id., Aram. בְּדָא, ܒܕܳܐ invent; cf. Ar. بَدَأَ begin, make a beginningQal Pf. בָּדָא 1 K 12:33; Pt. sf. בּוֹדָאם (instead of בּוֹדְאָם) Ne 6:8—Jeroboam devised a feast in 8th month 1 K 12:33; invent accusation Ne 6:8.

† I. [בָּדַד] vb. be separate, isolated (Ar. بَدُّ cause to withdraw; II. separate, disunite, Gn 11:8 Saad.; IV. divide into parts; x. go alone, act independently), only Pt. בּוֹדֵד Is 14:31 (of straggler in army), Ho 8:9 פֶּרֶא בוֹדֵד לוֹ a wild-ass (sim. of Ephr.) going alone for itself (i.e. willfully: v. sub לְ), Ps 102:8 (of bird sitting solitarily).

II. בַּד, בָָּד n.m. separation, concr. part (بِدُّ, بِدَّةُ portion)—sf. (always with לְ) לְבַדִּי, לְבַדּוֹ etc., 3 f. pl. † Gn 21:28 לְבַדְּהֶן, v:29 לְבַדָּ֫נָה;—

1. with לְ, only in sg., לְבַד prop. in a state of (v. sub לְ) separation, alone, by itself (Fr. à part). a. Ex 26:9 (= 36:16) five curtains לְבַד by themselves, and six curtains לְבַד by themselves, Ju 7:5 him shalt thou set לבד apart, Zc 12:12–14. b. with sf. (89 t.) to express the idea of by oneself, alone (prop. in his, thy, my separation), Gn 2:18 it is not good for man to be לְבַדּוֹ alone, 21:28 and A. set the seven lambs לְבַדְּהֶן by themselves (lit. in their separation), 32:17, 43:32, 2 S 10:8, Is 5:8; Gn 42:38 הוּא לְבַדּוֹ he alone, Ex 18:14 אַתָּה לְבַדְּךָ thou alone, Nu 11:14 אָנֹכִי לְבַדִּי I alone, 1 K 19:10, 19:14; Dt 8:3 not upon bread alone, 29:13, 2 S 13:32, 18:24, Is 44:24, 49:21, 63:3 +; after an oblique case, as a dat. Ex 22:19, Ju 3:20, Ps 51:6 לְךָ לְבַדְּךָ against thee alone have I sinned; a genit. 71:16 I will make mention of :חִדְקָֽתְךָ לְבַדֶּֽךָ the righteousness of thee alone. c. as adv. of limitation, † Is 26:13 only through thee do we celebrate thy name, Ec 7:29. d. followed by מִן it becomes a prep., apart from, besides, Ex 12:37, Nu 29:39, Dt 3:5, 18:8 (rd. מִמְּכָרָיו with LXX SyrVer Targum Aq Ew Di) Ju 8:26, 20:15 al. (15 t.); once, Ezr 1:6, with עַל instead of מִן. e. מִלְּבַד:33 (prob. inverted for לְבַד מִן besides) (chiefly P and late): Gn 26:1, 46:26, Lv 9:17, 23:38 (4 t.) Nu 5:8, 6:21, 17:14 + 12 t. Nu 28–29; Dt 28:69, Jos 22:29, 1 K 10:13, 1 Ch 3:9, 2 Ch 9:12, 17:19, 31:16, Ezr 2:65 = Ne 7:67, Dn 11:4. With sf. † Dt 4:35 אֵין עוֹד מִלְּבַדּוֹ there is none else besides him (cf. מִבַּלְעָדַי Is 45:21).

2. concr. part Ex 30:34 (P) בַּד בְּבַד יִהְיֶה part for (i.e. like; cf. בְּ III. 3. end) part shall it be.

3. בַּדִּים parts, spec. extended from something, i.e. (a) of a body, members, limbs Jb 18:13 (of man), 41:4 (of crocodile); (b) of a vine, rods or shoots Ez 17:6, 19:14; (c) of poles or staves used for carrying the ark Ex 25:13, 25:14, 25:15, 35:12, 37:4, 37:5, 39:35, 40:20, Nu 4:6, 1 K 8:7, 8:8, 8:8 (= 2 Ch 5:8, 5:9, 5:9), or table of shewbread Ex 25:27, 25:28, 35:13, 37:14, 37:15, Nu 4:8, or altar of B. O. Ex 27:6, 27:6, 27:7, 27:7, 35:16, 38:5, 38:6, 38:7, 39:39, Nu 4:14, or altar of incense Ex 30:4, 30:5, 35:15, 37:27, 37:28, Nu 4:11; (d) more gen. bars (of fortress) Ho 11:6, (of a gate) Jb 17:16 fig. בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל (v. Is 38:10).

בָּדָד n.[m.] isolation, separation: Is 27:10 עִיר בְּחוּרָה בָּדָד the fenced city is isolation, i.e. is solitary (subst. for adj.: Dr:§ 189. 2); more usu. as adv. accus., to signify alone, Dt 32:12; esp. with vbs. of dwelling, Lv 13:46 בָּדָד יֵשֵׁב he shall dwell alone (lit. in isolation), Je 15:17, La 1:1, 3:28: fig. of freedom from attack, security Dt 33:28 (of Isr.), Je 49:31 (Kedar); so לְבָדָד Nu 23:9 (Isr.) Mi 7:14, Ps 4:9 for thou לְבָדָד לָבֶטַח תּוֹשִׁיבֵנִי makest me dwell solitarily, in safety (v. Dt 33:28).

95

II. בדד (prob. i.q. בָּדָא q.v. talk idly).

† III. [בַּד] n.m. only Pl. בַּדִּים. a. empty, idle talk (Ph. CIS:3, 6 listen not to בדנם = Heb. בַּדֵּיהֶם; cf ܒܶܕܗܳܐ vain talk), esp. with collat. idea of imaginary pretensions or claims: Jb 11:3 בַּדֶּיךָ מְתִים יַחֲרִישׁוּ thy idle talk brings men to silence (‖וַתִּלְעַג), Is 16:6 (of Moab) לאֹ כֵן בַּדָּיו his boastings are not right (unfounded), hence Je 48:30. b. concr. empty talkers, praters (cf. NH בַּדָּאָה, Syr. ܒܳܕܽܘܝܳܐ, liar), of false prophets, Is 44:25, Je 50:36.

בְּדַד n.pr.m. father of an Edom. ruler (הֲדַד) Gn 36:35 = 1 Ch 1:46.

בְּדֵי v. דַּי. p. 191

בֵּֽדְיָה n.pr.m. (= עֲבֵדְיָה servant of י׳ ? LXX Βαραια, LXXL Βαδαια) an Israelite Ezr 10:35.

[בָּדַל] vb. be divided, separate (Ar. بَدَلَ change, substitute, Mish. בָּדַל divide, Syr. ܒܕܰܠ Ithp. Ethp.)—Hiph. divide, separate; Pf. הִבְדִּיל Nu 16:9, Dt 10:8; sf. וְהִבְדִּילוֹ consec. Dt 29:20; 3 fs. וְהִבְדִּילָה Ex 26:33; וְהִבְדַּלְתָּ Nu 8:14; הִבְדִּילוּ Ez 22:26, etc. Impf. יַבְדִּיל Lv 1:17 +; וַיַּבְדֵּל Gn 1:4, 1:7, 1 Ch 25:1; sf. יַבְדִּילַנִי Is 56:3; וָאַבְדִּל Lv 20:26; וָאַבְדִּילָה Ezr 8:24, etc.; Inf. abs. הַבְדֵּל Is 56:3; cstr. לְהַבְדִּיל Gn 1:14 +; Pt. מַבְדִּיל Gn 1:6; מַבְדִּילִים Is 59:2; —

1. divide, separate, subj. God Gn 1:4 sq. וּבֵין…. בֵּין between light and darkness, cf. v:7; subj. heavenly bodies v:14, v:18; subj. firmament sq. לְ…בֵּין Gn 1:6 (all in P's source); Ex 26:33 of the פָּרֹכֶת in tab., sq. …וּבֵין…בֵּין לָכֶם; of iniquities, separating men from God לְבֵין…בֵּין Is 59:2.

2. separate, set apart, sq. מִן, of י׳, setting off Isr. from other peoples Lv 20:24 (H) Nu 16:9 (P); Lv 20:26 sq. also לִהְיוֹת לִי; cf. 1 K 8:53 לְךָ לְנַחֲלָה הִבְדּ׳ separate them to thyself as an inheritance; of Moses, setting apart Levites, sq. מִתּוֹח Nu 8:14; of separating an individual from the people, i.e. excluding him Dt 29:20, sq. also לְרָעָה; sq. מֵעַל Is 56:3, 56:3, i.e. excluding him; cf. also Ne 13:3 sq. מִן; of setting apart (forbidding) beasts as unclean לָכֶם לְטַמֵּא Lv 20:25; of setting apart the tribe of Levi לָשֵׂאת וגו׳ Dt 10:8 (subj. י׳); cf. also (hum. subj.) 1 Ch 25:1, sq. לַעֲבֹדָה, 2 Ch 25:10 sq. Inf.; similarly Ezr 8:24; even sq. ptcp. Ez 39:14 they shall set apart men עֹבְרִים, i.e. to pass through, or, men that shall pass through (RV); so of setting apart cities, acc. Dt 4:41 cf. 19:2, 19:7.

3. make a distinction between clean and unclean, holy and profane, sq. וּבֵין…בֵּין Lv 20:25 (H); 10:10, 11:47 (both P); sq. לְ…בֵּין Ez 22:26; 42:20.

4. divide into parts Lv 1:17; 5:8 (P), prohibited in case of fowls offered in sacrifice. Niph. Pf. נִבְדְּלוּ 1 Ch 12:8, Ezr 9:1; Impf. יִבָּדֵל Ezr 10:8; וַיִּבָּדֵל 1 Ch 23:13; וַיִּבָּֽדְלוּ Ezr 10:16, Ne 9:2; Imv. הִבָּֽדְלוּ Nu 16:21, Ezr 10:11; Pt. נִבְדָּל Ezr 6:21, Ne 10:29. 1. (reflex. of Hiph. 2) a. separate oneself from people of the land, heathen, and their practices, also from non-Jewish wives, sq. מִן Ezr 6:21, 9:1, 10:11, Ne 9:2; abs. in same sense Ezr 10:16 (cf. Sta:G. ii. 199 & 179 n. Wl: Pharisäer u. Sadd. 76). b. withdraw from (Moses & Aaron from Israel) Nu 16:21 (P), sq. מִתּוֹח. c. separate oneself unto (אֶל) David 1 Ch 12:8. d. Ne 10:29 combines a. & c. separate oneself מֵעַמֵּי הָֽאֲרָחוֹת אֶל־תּוֹרַת הָאֱלֽהִים. 2: pass., be separated. a. be excluded from the people, sq. מִן Ezr 10:8. ב: be set apart, of Aaron, sq. לְהַקְדִּישׁוֹ 1 Ch 23:13.—On הבדיל, & distinction fr. הפריד v. Dr:JPh. xi. 219.

† [בָּדָל] n.[m.] piece, severed piece, cstr. בְּדַל־אֹזֶן Am 3:12.

† [מִבְדָּלָה] n.f. separate place, הַמִּבְדָּלוֹת Jos 16:9 (appos. הֶעָרִים); but rd. prob. הַמֻּבְדָּלוֹת Hoph. Pt. fr. בדל, or הַנִּבְדָּלוֹת Niph. Pt., cf. Di.

בְּדִיל n.[m.] alloy, tin, dross (orig. that which is separated from precious metal; cf. Plin.:Hist. Nat. xxiv. 16, xxxiii. 9)—בּ׳ abs. Nu 31:22 + 4 t.; Pl. sf. בְּדִילָָיִח Is 1:25; —

1. alloy, Is 1:25 fig. of evil of Jerusalem, which י׳ will remove (הֵסִיר; ‖סִגָָיִח).

2. tin (plumbum album) Nu 31:22 (P; + זָהָב, כֶּסֶף, נְחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל, עֹפָָרֶת); fig. of Isr. Ez 22:18 (+ נְחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל, עוֹפֶרֶת); in simile v:20 (+ id. + כֶּסֶף); as article of commerce brought to Tyre from Tarshish Ez 27:12 (+ כֶּסֶף, בַּרְזֶל, עוֹפֶרֶת).

3. plummet, הָאֶבֶן הַבְּדִיל (appos.) Zc 4:10.

בְּדֹ֫לַח n.[m.] prob. bdellium (SyrVer ܒܕܽܘܠܚܳܐ; Targum בְּדוּלְחָא; etym. dub.; Lag:Ges. Abh. 20 prop. Skr. udûkhala) c. art. הַבְּ׳, apparently therefore well known; one of the products of the land Havilah Gn 2:12; used in simile of colour of manna וְעֵינוֹ כְּעֵין הַבְּדֹלַח Nu 11:7.—Meaning somewhat uncertain; LXX Gn 2:12 ἄνθραξ, Nu 11:7 κρύ σταλλος; Saad. AW Ki Bo al. pearls, cf. Lag Or. ii. 44; Jos:Ant. iii. 1. 6 Aq Theod Symm Targum most bdellium, an odoriferous transparent gum, of yellowish colour. (Cf. Smith:Dict. Bible Sigismund:Aromata, 18.)

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בְּדָן n.pr.m. (= עַבְדָּן ?).

1. a judge of Israel 1 S 12:11; but rd prob. בָּרָק, so LXX SyrVer We, cf. Dr (v. Ju 4:6 f.).

2. a Manassite 1 Ch 7:17.

בדק (penetrate, split ? cf. Aram. בְּדַק, ܒܕܰܩ explore; but these perh. denom. cf. Lag:GN 1882, 400).

בֶּ֫דֶק n.m.:2 K 12:6 fissure, rent, breach (Aram. בִּידְקָא, ܒܶܕܩܳܐ (Nasar.))—בּ׳ abs. 2 K 12:6; cstr. ib. + 6 t.; sf. בִּדְקֵח Ez 27:9, 27:27; —in as building; temple הַבַּיִת ב׳ 2 K 12:6, 12:7, 12:8, 12:8, 12:9, 22:5, cf. 12:13 (בֵּית י׳ ב׳); v:6 abs.; alw. c. חִזֵּק repair; cf. מַחֲזִיקֵי ב׳ repairers of thy fissures Ez 27:9, 27:27 (of Tyre).

† [בָּדַק] vb. denom. mend, repair, only Qal Inf. cstr. לִבְדוֹק וּלְחַזֵּק הַבָָּיִת 2 Ch 34:10.

בִּדְקַר n.pr.m. Isr. officer 2 K 9:25 (v. בֵּן).

בהה (cf. Ar. بَهِيَ be empty; on a possible connexion in As. cf. Hpt:BAS i. 18).

בֹּ֫הוּ n.[m.] emptiness (on form v. Ges:§ 84 a, 1 b Sta:§ 95, 198 a, on usage cf. Lag:Or. ii. 60 f.) alw. c. תֹּהוּ q.v.;—תֹּהוּ וָבֹהוּ Gn 1:2 of primæval earth; Je 4:23 of earth under judgment of י׳; קַו־תַהֹוּ וְאַבְנֵי בֹהוּ Is 34:11, the line of wasteness and the stones of emptiness, i.e. plummets, employed, not as usual for building, but for destroying walls; cf. Di & v. sub אבן 6.

בַּ֫הַט n.[m.] a costly stone, perh. porphyry (cf. Egypt. behiti, behet, behat Brugsch:Dict. v. 438 Dümichen:Gesch. 167 f. Wendel:Altäg. Bau- u. Edelsteine (1888) 77 f.; LXX has σμαραγδίτης), Est 1:6 עַל ־וָשֵׁשׁ וְדַר וְסֹחָָרֶתרִֽחֲפַת ב׳ upon a pavement of porphyry and marble, etc.

† [בָּהַל] vb. (NH id. Pt. pass. בהול disquieted; Pi. disquiet; Targum Pa. בַּהֵיל hasten, be precipitate, also dismay: but ܒܗܶܠ is be quiet)—Niph. Pf. נִבְהַל 1 S 28:21; נִבְהֲלָה Ps 6:4; נִבְהַלְתִּי Is 21:3; וְנִבְהָָלְתִּי consec. Jb 21:6; נִבְהֲלוּ Gn 45:3 +, etc.; Impf. וַיִּבָּהֵל Ju 20:41; 2 ms. תִּבָּהֵל Ec 8:3; יִבָּהֵלוּ֑ן Ps 104:29, etc.; Pt. נִבְהָל Ps 30:8; נִֽבֳהָל Pr 28:22; f. נִבְהָלָה Zp 1:18; —

1. be disturbed, dismayed, terrified, Gn 45:3 (E) Ju 20:41, 1 S 28:21, 2 S 4:1 (‖וַיִּרְפּוּ יָדָיו, cf. Ez 7:27 supr.); of bones of sufferer Ps 6:3 (‖ cf. infr. v:4); of hands of dismayed people Ez 7:27; esp. at chastisements & judgments of י׳ Ex 15:15 (song, in E) Ps 6:4 (subj. נֶפֶשׁ, ‖ cf. supr. v:3) v:11 (‖בושׁ) 30:8; cf. 104:29; 83:18 (‖בושׁ) 90:7, Is 13:8, 21:3 (sq. מִן of occasion of fear) Jb 23:15 (id.) Je 51:32, Ez 26:18 (del. LXX Co); Jb 4:5 (‖לאה), cf. also 21:6 as adj. terrible Zp 1:18 כָּלָה אַח־נִבְהָלָה.

2. be in haste, hasty (late, cf. Aram. above): Ec 8:3 מִפָּנָיו תֵּלֵח אַל־תִּבּ׳ be not hasty (to) go from him; Pr 28:22 נִבֳהָל לַהוֹן hastening after riches. Pi. Impf. וַיְבַהֵל Est 2:9; sf. יְבַהֲלֻהוּ Dn 11:44; וִיבַהֶלְךָ Jb 22:10; יְבַהֲלֵמוֹ Ps 2:5; 2 ms. תְּבַהֲלֵם Ps 83:16; אַל־תְּבַהֵל Ex 5:1, 7:9; Inf. sf. לְבַהֲלֵנִי 2 Ch 35:21; םָ 32:18; Part. מבלהים Kt, מְבַהֲלִים Qr Ezr 4:4 (BeRy pref. Kt, v. בלהּ);—1. dismay, terrify, sq. sf. 2 Ch 32:18 (‖ירא), Dn 11:44, Jb 22:10 (subj. פַּחַד), Ps 2:5 (subj. י׳) 83:16 (‖רדף; subj. י׳); cf. also Ezr 4:4 (v. sub בלהּ). 2. hasten, make haste, act hastily (late), 2 Ch 35:21 וֵאלֽהִים אָמַר לְבַהֲלֵנִי God hath given command to speed me (RVm); sq. inf. make haste Est 2:9; of hasty speech Ec 5:1 אַל־תְּב׳ עַל־פִּיךָ (‖וְלִבְּךָ אַל־יְמַהֵר לְהוֹחִיא דָבָר); of anger Ec 7:9 בְּרוּחֲךָ לִכְעוֹס אַל־תְּב׳. Pu. Pt. pl. מְבֹהָלִים Est 8:14, cf. מְבֹהֶלֶת Qr Pr 20:21 (so rd. with Vrss Now Str; AV RV); Kt מבחלת v. בחל;—hastened Est 8:14 of royal posts (‖דְּחוּפִים); hastily gained נַחֲלָה מְב׳ Pr 20:21. Hiph. Pf. sf. הִבְהִילָָנִי Jb 23:16; Impf. sf. וַיַּבְהִלוּהוּ 2 Ch 26:20; 3 mpl. וַיַּבְהִלוּ Est 6:14; —1. dismay, terrify, sq. sf. Jb 23:16 (subj. שַׁדַּי; ‖הֵרַח לִבִּי). 2. (late) hasten, hurry (trans.), 2 Ch 26:20 וַיַּבְהִלוּהוּ מִשָּׁם and they hurried him thence (‖נִדְחַף); make haste, sq. inf. Est 6:14 לְהָבִיא וַיַּב׳ and they make haste to bring Haman.

בֶּֽהָלָה n.f. dismay, sudden terror or ruin (cf. As. bêltu, terror, Dl:Pr 32)—בּ׳ abs. Lv 26:16 + 2 t.; pl. וּבֶֽהָלוֹת Je 15:8; —sudden terror Lv 26:16 וְהִפְקַדְתִּ֫י עֲלֵיכֶם בּ׳ (appositives follow); cf. Je 15:8; Is 65:23 לאֹ יֵֽלְדוּ לַבֶּהָלָה, Ps 78:33 וַיְכַל־בַּהֶבֶל יְמֵיהֶָם וּשְׁנוֹתָם בַּבֶּהָלֶה and he ended their days in a breath, and their years in sudden terror.

בהם (Ar. بهم, IV. shut, x. impeded in speech, tongue-tied; Eth. bhma: be dumb).

בְּהֵמָה:187 n.f. beast, animal, cattle (Ar. بَهِيمَةُ)—בּ׳ Gn 1:24 + 137 t.; cstr. בֶּהֱמַת Nu 3:41, 3:41 + 10 t.; sf. בְּהֶמְתְּךָ Lv 19:19 + 4 t.; בְּהֶמְתֶָּךָ Ex 20:10 + 4 t.; בְּהֶמְתּוֹ Gn 36:6, Pr 12:10; pl. abs. בְּהֵמוֹת Dt 32:24 + 6 t. + Ps 73:22 (v. infr.); cstr. בַּהֲמוֹת Ps 8:8 + 5 t.;—beast, & coll. beasts (Gn 8:1 + very oft.)

1. of living creatures other than man (אָדָם) Gn 8:1, Ex 8:13, 8:14, 9:9, 9:10, 9:22, 22:18, Lv 18:23, 18:23 (where בּ׳ is male, so 20:16) Dt 27:21, Ps 36:7 etc.; מֵאָדָם וְעַד בּ׳ (בּ׳ including all the larger animals) Ex 9:25, 12:12, Ps 135:8, Je 50:3 etc.; as inferior to man Jb 18:3, Ps 49:13, 49:21, so also Ec 3:18, 3:19, 3:19, 3:21; opp. also birds & reptiles Gn 6:7, 7:23, 8:17 cf. Ez 44:31 etc.; also to fishes 1 K 5:13, Jb 12:7 cf. v:8, Ps 8:9, Zp 1:3.

2. opp. also to wild beasts חַיַּת הָאָרֶץ, הַשָּׂדֶה ח׳ Gn 1:24, 1:25, 1:26, 2:20, 3:14, 7:14, 7:21, 9:10, Ps 50:10, 148:10, Is 46:1 etc.; esp. therefore cattle, as owned and used by man, Gn 47:18 (מִקְנֵה הַבּ׳) Ex 20:10 = Dt 5:14, Lv 19:19, 26:22, Nu 3:41, 3:41, 3:45, 3:45, Dt 2:35, 11:15, Jon 4:11, Zc 2:8, 8:10, 14:15, Ezr 1:4, 1:6, Ne 9:37, 10:37 etc.; in one (late) passage of animal for riding (horse ? mule ?) Ne 2:12, 2:12, 2:14.

3. rarely of wild beasts, esp. carnivora, יַעַר בּ׳ Mi 5:7; הָאָרֶץ בּ׳ Dt 28:26, Is 18:6, 18:6, Je 7:33, 15:3, 16:4, 19:7, 34:20; הַשָּׂדֶה בּ׳ 1 S 17:44; alone, Pr 30:30; שֶׁן־בְּהֵמוֹת Dt 32:24; שֹׁד בּ׳ Hb 2:17.—On בְּהֵמוֹת Ps 73:22 cf. infr.

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בְּהֵמוֹת n.m. behemoth, i.e. hippopotamus (appar. pl. intens. of foreg.; acc. to Di Jb 40:15 cf. De Is 30:6 fr. an (assumed) Egyptain p-ehemau, ox of the water) Jb 40:15 (on identity, cf. further Bo:Hieroz. iii. 705); prob. also Ps 73:22 בְּהֵמוֹת הָיִיתִי עִמָָּח a behemoth was I with (toward) thee (so Hi De; Che beasts); acc. to De Or also in בַּהֲמוֹת Is 30:6 the burden of the behemoth of the south (supposed to be a designation of Egypt; but this unlikely, cf. Che Di, rd. therefore) rather beasts of the south, viz. of Judah.

בהן (cf. Ar. بَهَّمَ IV. shut, cover (v. foregoing) whence also barha: = בֹּהֶן; as closing and covering the hand, cf. Lane).

בֹּ֫הֶן n.[f.] (cf. Sta:§ 310 c) c. יַד thumb, c. רֶגֶל great toe (Ar. بَهَرَ, & (vulg.) اِبْهَامُ, إِبْهَامُ)—בּ׳ only cstr. Ex 29:20, 29:20 + 12t.; pl. cstr. בְּהֹנוֹת Ju 1:6, 1:7 (fr. sg. [בְּהוֹן] as alw. Cod. Sam. for MT בֹּהֶן);—thumb (יָדָם) יָדוֹ בּ׳, & great toe (דַגְלָם) רַגְלוֹ בּ׳ (always named together) Ex 29:20, 29:20, Lv 8:23, 8:23, 8:24, 8:24, 14:14, 14:14, 14:17, 14:17, 14:25, 14:25, 14:28, 14:28; וְר׳ בְּהֹנוֹת י׳ Ju 1:6, 1:7.

בֹּ֫הַן n.pr.m. (closing, covering ?) אֶבֶן בּ׳ בֶּן־רְאוּבֵן Jos 15:6, 18:17, a mark of division between Judah & Benjamin.

בהק (NH בָּהַק shine, Aram. בְּהַק, بَاهِمُ, Aph. id.; hence בַּהֲקִיתָא, بِهَامُ, an eruption, v. sq.)

בֹּ֫הַק n.m. a harmless eruption on the skin (NH id., Aram. בּוֹהֲקָא; Ar. ܒܗܩ) Lv 13:39.

בהר (NH Hiph. be bright, shine; cf. Aram. בְּהַר, ܒܶܗܩܺܝܬܳܐ (not Pe.) & deriv.; Eth. بَهِقَ Ar. ܒܗܪ surpass, esp. in brightness, shine brightly).

בַּהֶ֫רֶת n.f. brightness, bright spot, of eruption on skin (NH id., Aram. בַּהְרָא)—בּ׳ abs. Lv 13:2 + 7 t.; בֶּהָָרֶת Lv 14:56; pl. abs. בֶּהָרוֹת Lv 13:38, 13:39; —bright spot (sore, scar, etc.), clean or unclean Lv 14:56; following a burn (from fire) Lv 13:24, 13:25, 13:26, 13:28, possible beginning of leprosy Lv 13:2, 13:4, 13:19, 13:23; but possibly a (passing) eruption מִסְפַּחַת v:6; or due to a boil שְׁחִין v:19; v:23; —due to בֹּהַק (q. v.) Lv 13:38, 13:39.

בָּהִירִ adj. bright, brilliant, of light; only Jb 37:21 הוּא בַּשְּׁחָקִים לאֹ רָאוּ אוֹר בּ׳.

בּוֹא:2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go (As. bâÕ’u Hpt:KAT 499, Eth. bo0a: Ar. بَأَ return)—Qal Pf. בָּא Gn 6:13 +; 3 fs. בָּ֫אָה Gn 15:17 +; sf. בָּאַתְנוּ Ps 44:18; 2 ms. בָּ֫אתָ Jos 13:1 +, בָּ֫אתָה 2 S 3:7; 2 fs. בָּאתְ Gn 16:8, Ru 2:12, וּבָאתְ consec. Ru 3:4, 2 S 14:3, Mi 4:10; 3 pl. בָּאוּ Gn 7:9 +; 1 pl. בָּאנוּ Gn 32:7 + (בָּנוּ 1 S 25:8), etc.; Impf. יָבוֹא Gn 32:9 +, יָבאֹ Gn 49:10 +; 3 fs. תָּבוֹא Gn 41:50 +; sf. תְּבוֹאָֽתְךָ Jb 22:21 (but text dub. v. Kö:i. 644); 2 ms. תָּבוֹא Gn 15:15 +; 2 fs. תָּבוֹאִי Ru 3:17 +; 1 s. אָבוֹא Gn 33:14 +; cohort. אָבֹ֫אָה Ju 15:1, אָב֫וֹאָה Gn 29:21 +, וַתָּבאֹתִי 1 S 25:34 (Qr וַתָּבאֹת, but text prob. wrong, v. Kö:i. 647 Dr, rd. וַתָּבֹאִי); 3 pl. m. יָבוֹאוּ Gn 6:20 +, also (by text err.) בּאֹוּ Je 27:18 cf. Kö:i. 645, יְבאָֹוּן Ps 95:11; sf. יְבאֹוּנִי Ps 119:77, וִיבֹאֻנִי v:41; 3 f. pl. תָּבאֹןָ Gn 30:38, תָּבוֹאנָה 1 S 10:7 +; תְּבֹאֶינָה 1 S 10:7, Ps 45:16, etc.; Imv. בּוֹא, בּאֹ Gn 7:1 +, בֹּ֫אָה 1 S 20:21, 1 K 13:7, בּ֫וֹאִי, בֹּ֫אִי 2 S 13:11 +; mpl. בּ֫אֹוּ Gn 45:17 +; Inf. בּוֹא, בּאֹ Gn 39:16 +; sf. בֹּאִי, בּוֹאִי Gn 48:5 +, בּוֹאֲךָ 1 S 29:6 +, בֹּאֲכָה Gn 10:19 +, etc., בֹּאָם Gn 34:5 +, בֹּאָן Gn 30:88 cf. Ez 42:12 (where Co for בְּבוֹאָן reads לבוא להנה); Pt. בָּא Gn 33:1 +; f. בָּאָ֫ה Gn 29:6 +, הַבָּ֫אָה Gn 18:21 + (accent wrong Ew:§ 331 b N.); pl. בָּאִים Gn 18:11 +; cstr. בָּאֵי Gn 23:10; f. abs. בָּאוֹת Gn 41:29; (see further on forms Kö:i. 643 f.);—

1. come in, sq. אֶל Gn 6:18, 7:9, 7:13, sq. בְּ Gn 19:8 & so (subj. רוּחַ) Ez 2:2, 37:10, sq. לְ Est 6:4, sq. הָ loc. Gn 12:11, 41:57, Nu 14:24, sq. acc. (בוֹת) Ju 18:18, 2 K 11:19 cf. Ps 100:4 (שַׁעֲרָיו), & בָּאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֹ Gn 23:10, 23:18; even of life-less things 2 K 18:21, וּבָא בְכַפּוֹ (of broken reed) = pierce; of food and drink (sq. אֶל־) Dn 10:3 cf. Gn 41:21 (fat kine when eaten by lean kine); v. also (sq. בְּ) Nu 5:22, 5:24, 5:27; abs. Gn 7:16, 24:31, 1 K 1:42, 14:6 cf. 2 K 11:5, 11:9 = 2 Ch 23:4, 23:8 +; more partic. a. opp. יָחָא, go out and come in (Sab. וחַאם או בהאם Hal:152) Jos 6:1, 2 K 11:8 = 2 Ch 23:7; esp. in sense of going about one's affairs (including all one's undertakings) Dt 28:6, 28:19, Zc 8:10, Ps 121:8; id. + ישׁב 2 K 19:27; also sq. לִפְנֵי הָעָם etc. = act as ruler (judge) of, Nu 27:17, 2 Ch 1:10 cf. 1 K 3:7; of leading an army 1 S 18:13, 18:16 cf. also Jos 14:11; v. further Dt 31:2, 1 S 29:6 & sub c. infr. b. of taking part in worship of congregation Dt 23:2, 23:3, 23:3, 23:4, 23:4 + (sq. בְּ); or entering into tabernacle for priestly service Ex 28:29, 28:35, Lv 16:23 (all sq. אֶל־), Ex 28:30 (sq. לִפְנֵי יהוה), Lv 16:17 (sq. inf.) +. c. of entering on official duty 2 K 11:9 = 2 Ch 23:8, 1 Ch 27:1 (all opp. יחא). d. of bride coming into her husband's house Jos 15:18 = Ju 1:14. e. of entering a woman's tent or apartment (with implication coire cum femina, cf. بَأُ NH בִּיאָה coitio; on origin of this use of word cf. RS:K 90, 167, 291) Ju 15:1 אֶל־אִשְׁתִּי הֶחָָדְרָה, 16:1, Gn 6:4, 16:2, 30:3, 38:8, 38:9, 39:14, Dt 22:13, 2 S 12:24, 16:21, 20:3, Ez 23:44, 23:44, 23:44, Pr 6:29 (all sq. אֶל־); sq. עַל־ Gn 19:31, Dt 25:5 יָבאֹ עָלָיהָ וּלְקָחָהּ לוֹ לְאִשָּׁה cf. בָּאֶיהָ Pr 2:19; —subj. rarely woman Gn 19:34, 2 S 11:4. f. of associating with (sq. בְּ ) Jos 23:7, 23:12 cf. Gn 49:6 בְּסֹדָם אַל תָּבאֹ נַפְשִׁי (אַל־תֵּחַדבִּקְהָלָם ). g. of entering into specific relations, בְאָלָה בּ׳, בִבְרִית בּ׳ (v. אלה, ברית); בּוֹא בְדָמִים come into blood-guiltiness, became guilty of murder 1 S 25:26. h. of burial, אֶל־קֶבֶר בּ׳ 1 K 13:22, 14:13 cf. תָּבוֹא אֶל־אֲבוֹתֶיךָ Gn 15:15 (‖תִּקָּבֵר). i. of sun, set (go in, enter, cf. As êrib šanši COT Gn 19:23; opp. יחא go forth, rise) Gn 15:12, 15:17, 28:11, Ex 17:12, 22:25, Lv 22:7, Dt 16:6, 23:12, 24:13, 24:15, Jos 8:29, 10:13, 10:27, Ju 19:14, Ec 1:5, 2 S 2:24, 3:35, 1 K 22:36, 18:34; so also fig. Je 15:9 of calamity בּאה שִׁמְשָׁהּ בְּעוֹד יוֹמָם (‖אֻמְלְלָה יֹלֶדֶת הַשִּׁבְעָה etc.), cf. Is 60:20; Mi 3:6 הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עַל־הַנְּבִיאִים וּב׳ of ignorance and confusion. j. of harvest, come in = be gathered Lv 25:22 (cf. תְּבוּאָה); so of revenue (income) 1 K 10:14 = 2 Ch 9:13 (sq. לְ pers.),—opp. יחא be expended. k. in other phrases: וַתָּבאֹ הָעִיר בַּמָּחוֹר 2 K 24:10 + and the city came into siege; cf. Ps 105:18 בַּרְזֶל בָּאָה נַפְשׁוֹ his soul came into iron (v. AV RVm; Che felt iron chains, cf. Ew Ol Hup Pe; Targum Hi De al. iron came upon his soul); בָּא בַּיָּמִים come into (the) days, = advanced in age Gn 24:1, Jos 13:1, 23:1 (all ‖זָקֵן); on 1 S 17:12 v. Dr.

2. come (approach, arrive) opp. הָלַח Gn 16:8, 1 S 20:21 (cf. v:22) Ne 6:17, Ec 5:14, 5:15 (of birth opp. death); sq. אֶל־ pers. vel rei Gn 14:7, 37:23; sq. עַל־ Ex 18:23, 2 Ch 20:24 (come up upon, almost = ascend); cf. also Lv 21:11, Nu 6:6; sq. לְ 1 S 9:12 2 Ch 29:17; sq. עַד Nu 13:22, Ju 15:14, 2 S 16:5; cf. בָּאוּ בָנִים עַד־מַשְׁבֵּר 2 K 19:3 = Is 37:3 children have come to the birth; sq. עַד + אֶל 2 K 9:20 בָּא עַד אֲלֵיהֶם; sq. הָ loc. Ju 11:16, 2 K 6:4; sq. acc. 1 S 4:12, 2 K 8:7, Je 32:24; cf. also La 1:4 בָּאֵי מוֹעֵד those coming to an appointed feast; abs. Gn 45:16 Joseph's brethren are come, & oft.; also of lifeless things, ark of י׳ 1 S 4:6; wind Jb 1:19; so כַּסְפְּכֶם בָּא אֵלָָי Gn 43:23 your money came unto me = I received your money; our inheritance has fallen to us Nu 32:19 (c. אֶל־); so 1 S 9:16 its cry is come unto me, cf. Gn 18:21, Ex 3:9, La 1:22; of time, often of imminent future, esp in phr. הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים Is 39:6 = 2 K 20:17, Je 7:32, 9:24, 16:14, 19:6; cf. also 1 S 26:10, Ez 7:7 +; of day of י׳ Jo 2:1, 3:4, Zc 14:1, Mal 3:2, 3:19, 3:23; also ptcp. as adj. הַיָּמִים הַבָּאִים Ec 2:16 cf. Je 47:4; as subst. הַבָּאוֹת Is 41:22 things to come, future things; & הַבָּאִים alone = adv. in (days) to come Is 27:6; partic. a. come with, i.e. come, bringing, sq. בְּ:אָבוֹא בֵיתְךָ בְעוֹלוֹת Ps 66:13; אָבוֹא בִּגְבֻרוֹת אדני י׳ Ps 71:16 (‖אַזְכִּיר חִדְקָֽתְךָ) so Lv 16:3 & perh. Pr 18:6—cf. בְּ III. 1. b. b. come upon, fall or light upon, of enemy, attack, sq. עַל־ Gn 34:27, 1 S 11:12 cf. Gn 32:9 (sq. אֶל־); sq. sf. Jb 15:21, so also 20:22, Ez 32:11; of calamity, etc. Pr 10:24, 28:22, Ps 44:18 (all c. sf.); sq. לְ Jb 3:25 (‖אתה c. sf.) Is 47:9 (‖בוא על); of blessing, sq. עַל־ Jos 23:15; sq. sf. Jb 22:21 (cf. Di) Ps 119:41, 119:77. c. come to pass, of signs, wonders, predictions, etc. Dt 13:3, Jos 23:14, 1 S 9:6 (בּאֹ יָבאֹ) Is 42:9, Je 28:9, Pr 13:12, Jb 6:8 +. d. Gn 6:13 קֵץ כָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי perh. has presented itself before me (v. Kn), cf. La 1:22 supr. & 2 Ch 7:11 (where בוא for usual עלה); but perh. (cf. Di) has come to pass before me, i.e. in my mind it is already a fact. e. † in phr. עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ עַזָּה Ju 6:4 cf. 11:33, 1 S 17:52, 2 S 5:25, 1 K 18:46 (עַד־בֹּאֲכָה) until thou comest to = as far as; so also בּוֹאֲךָ (בֹּאֲכָה) alone, = as far as, or in the direction of, Gn 10:19, 10:19, 10:30, 13:10, 25:18, 1 S 27:8 (all sq. הָ loc.) 1 S 15:7; so לְבאֹ חֲמָת Nu 13:21, 34:8, Ez 48:1, cf. Ez 47:15 (in a different connexion לָבוֹא אפרתה Gn 35:16, 48:7); עַד לְבוֹא ח׳ Jos 13:5, Ju 3:3, 1 Ch 13:5, cf. 5:9, 2 Ch 26:8, Ez 47:20; מִלְּבוֹא ח׳ Am 6:14, 1 K 8:65, 2 K 14:25, 2 Ch 7:8; of Isaac בָּא מִבּוֹא בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִיGn 24:62 (but text dub.) f. attain to וְעַד הַשְּׁלשָׁה לאֹ בָא 2 S 23:19 = 1 Ch 11:21. g. be enumerated הַבָּאִים בְּשֵׁמוֹת, lit. those coming with names 1 Ch 4:38.

3. go, i.e. walk, associate with (עִם) Ps 26:4, so c. אֵת Pr 22:24 (cf. הלך את 13:20 & התהלך את Gn 5:22, 5:24, 6:9).

4. go (cf. הלך) from speaker, but with limit of motion given Is 22:15 לָח־בּאֹ אֶל־, so Ez 3:4, 3:11; Gn 45:17 וּלְכוּ־באֹוּ אַרְחָה כְּנָ֑עַן; 1 S 22:5 לֵךְ וּבָאתָ־לְךָ אֶרֶץ יְהוּדָה; Is 47:5, Jon 1:3 אֳנִיָּה בָּאָה תַרְשִׁישׁ a ship going to Tarshish; go to war יָבאֹוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה Nu 32:6. Hiph. Pf. הֵבִיא Gn 4:4 +; sf. הֱבִיאַנִי Dt 9:4 +, etc.; 2 ms. הֵבֵיאתָ Is 43:23, הֵבֵאתָ Gn 20:9 +, etc.; sf. הֲבִיאֹתַנִי 2 S 7:18, 1 Ch 17:16, הֲבִיאֹתָנוּ Nu 16:14, הֲבֵתָנוּ Ps 66:11; 1 s. הֵבֵאתִי Gn 31:39 +, והבאותי Je 25:13 Kt (Qr וְהֵבֵאתִי); sf. וַהֲבִיאוֹתִיךָ Ez 38:16 +, הֲבֵאתִיהָ Is 37:26, etc.; 3 pl. הֵבִיאוּ Gn 43:2 +; sf. הֱבִיאוּהוּ 2 Ch 28:27 etc.; 2 mpl. הֲבֵאתֶם Nu 20:4 +; וַהֲבִיאֹתֶם 1 S 16:17; 1 pl. sf. הֲבִיאֹנֻם Nu 32:17; Impf. יָבִיא (יָבִא) Lv 4:32 +, וַיָּבֵא Gn 2:19 +; sf. וַיְבִיאֵנִי Ez 40:17, etc.; 2 ms. תָּבִיא Jb 14:3; sf. תְּבִיאֵהוּ Je 13:1, וַתְּבִיאֵם Ne 9:23, תְּבִאֵֹמוֹ Ex 15:17, אָבִיא Ex 11:1 + (אָבִי 1 K 21:29, Mi 1:15), etc.; Imv. הָבֵא Gn 43:16, Ex 4:6, הָבֵיא 1 S 20:40, הָבִיאָה Gn 27:7 +; fs. הָבִיאִי 2 S 13:10 +, etc.; Inf. abs. הָבֵא Hg 1:6; cstr. הָבִיא Gn 18:19 +; Pt. מֵבִיא Ex 10:14 +, מֵבִי 1 K 21:21 + 3 t., מְבִיאֲךָ Dt 8:7; pl. מְבִיאִים (מְבִאִים) 1 K 10:25 +; cstr. מְבִאֵי Je 17:26, מְבִיאֶיהָ Dn 11:6; —1. cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals), sq. אֶל־ Gn 6:19, Ct 2:4, 3:4; sq. בְּ Lv 26:41, Ps 66:11; sq. לְ Ju 19:21, 1 S 9:22; sq. לִפְנֵי Est 1:11, 1:17; sq. הָ loc. Gn 24:67, 46:7; sq. הָ + אֶל־ Gn 19:10, sq. acc. (חֶדֶר) Ct 1:4, 2 K 9:2; also bring, carry in (lifeless things), sq. אֶל־ Nu 31:54, Mal 3:10; sq. בְּ Je 17:21; send, of sending (shooting) arrows (fig.) La 3:13; cf. Lv 26:36; of sending breath (רוּחַ) into dry bones Ez 37:5 (Co על); sq. לְ Ne 13:12; sq. הָ loc. Ex 26:33, 2 K 20:20 וַיָּבֵא אֶת־הַמַּיִם הָעִָירָה; sq. acc. (חֶדֶר) 2 S 13:10; also 2 Ch 15:18 (בֵּית); abs. 2 S 6:17; partic. a. opp. הוֹחִיא (bring out) Dt 9:28 (sq. אֶל־); esp. in combination with הוֹחִיא lead out and in (to and from battle) Nu 27:17, 1 Ch 11:2. b. bring in women as wives for sons (sq. מִן הַחוּץ) Ju 12:9 (opp. שִׁלַּח הַחוּחָה). c. bring into judgment וְאֹתִי תָבִיא בְּמִשְׁפָּט עִמָָּךְ Jb 14:3 cf. Ec 11:9, 12:4. d. cause sun to go down Am 8:9 (symbol of judgment). e. of harvest, bring in, gather 2 S 9:10, Hg 1:6 (opp. זרע) cf. Ne 13:15. f. put staves into (בְּ) rings Ex 25:14, 37:5, 38:7 cf. 26:11, Lv 14:42; hand into (בְּ) bosom Ex 4:6, 4:6; girdle into (בְּ) water Je 13:1. g. other phrases, הֵבִיאוּ חַוָּ֯רָם בַּעֲבֹדַת אֲדֹנֵיהֶם Ne 3:5 put their necks to the work, etc.; fig. הביאו את־חואריכם בְּעֹל Je 27:12; הָבִיאָה לַמּוּסָר לֵבֶָּךָ Pr 23:12 apply to instruction thy heart; וְנָבִא לְבַב חָכְמָה Ps 90:12 that we may gain a heart of wisdom. 2. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.), sq. אֶל־ Gn 2:19, 2:22, 43:9, Lv 24:11, Nu 5:15; oft. of bringing Isr. to Canaan Ex 6:8, 23:23 +, cf. Is 14:2, 56:7, Ne 1:9; abs. Dt 4:38, 6:23; sq. לְ Gn 39:14, 39:17; sq. הָ loc. Ez 12:13; sq. הֲלֽם Ju 18:3, & עַד־הֲלֽם (fig. of Yahweh's prospering care) 2 S 7:18 = 1 Ch 17:16; abs. Gn 46:32; also with lifeless obj., Gn 27:10 (sq. לְ), so 2 Ch 36:7; Gn 31:39 (sq. אֶל־); sq. acc. 2 K 12:5, 2 Ch 36:18, Dn 1:2, 1:2; sq. הָ loc. Ex 26:33, Je 20:5; sq. לִפְנֵי 2 Ch 24:14; of ravens bringing food 1 K 17:6 (sq. לְ); of bringing presents Gn 43:26, 1 S 9:7, 10:27 (all sq. לְ); cf. 1 S 17:18; esp. offerings, sq. לְ Gn 4:3, Nu 15:25, Ne 10:35, 10:37 (לְבֵית), etc.; Lv 2:2 sq. אֶל־ of priest; abs. Gn 4:4, Lv 4:32, 23:14, 23:15, Mal 1:13, 1:13, 2 Ch 31:5; cf. also Ex 35:21, 35:22, 35:23, 35:24, 35:24, 35:27, 35:29 (sq. לְ for) so 36:3 +; of time, cause a day to come La 1:21; cause cry to come (עַל־) Jb 34:28; = carry בָּנַיִךְ בְּחֹחֶן והב׳ Is 49:22 (‖עַל־כָּתֵף נשׂא); carry God in (בְּ) the hand Jb 12:6 (cf. אֱלהַּ p. 43); allow to come, almost = invite Est 5:12 (sq. אֶל־) cf. v:10; partic. a. sq. עַל־ bring against, or upon, bring enemies against Je 25:9 cf. Ez 23:22; obj. sword Lv 26:25, Ez 5:17, 11:8, 14:17, 33:2; plague Ex 11:1; curse or calamity Gn 27:12, Dt 29:26, 1 K 9:9 = 2 Ch 7:22, Jb 42:11 cf. Je 25:13, 36:31, 44:2, 49:8, 49:37, Ez 14:22; sin Gn 20:9, 26:10, Ex 32:21; cf. also sq. אֶל־ Je 32:42, 49:36. b. bring to pass 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:26 cf. 1 Ch 4:10, Ps 78:29. c. bring, bring forward, bring on the scene Mi 1:15, Zc 3:8. d. bring for a purpose, sq. inf. Ps 78:71 מֵאַחַר עָלוֹת הֱבִיאוֹ לִרְעוֹת בְּיַעֲקֹב עַמּוֹ. e. bring, procure בְּנַפְשֵׁנוּ נָבִיא לַחְמֵנוּ La 5:9. † Hoph. Pf. הוּבָא Lv 10:18 +; 3 fs. הֻבָאת Gn 33:11 (v. infr.); 2 ms. הֻבָ֫אתָה Ez 40:4; 3 pl. הוּבְאוּ Gn 43:18; Impf. יוּבָא Lv 6:23 +, יוּבָָאוּ Je 27:22; Pt. מוּבָא 2 K 12:10 +; pl. מוּבָאִים Gn 43:18, Ez 30:11 + 23:42 (Co מרבדים), מוּבָאוֹת Ps 45:15; —a. be brought in (of pers. and things), abs. Gn 43:18; sq. בית into a house Gn 43:18; temple 2 K 12:5, 12:10, 12:14, 12:17, 22:4, 2 Ch 34:9, 34:14. b. be brought, sq. לְ Gn 33:11 (but LXX rd Hiph. I have brought), Ps 45:15; sq. אֶל־ unto Lv 6:23, 10:18, 13:2, 13:9, 14:2; cf. Ez 23:42 (but v. Co VB); sq. הֵ֫נָּה Ez 40:4; sq. בָּבֶ֫לָה Je 27:22; sq. inf. Lv 16:27, Ez 30:11; sq. מִן Je 10:9. c. be introduced, put, sq. בְּ, staves into rings Ex 27:7; vessel into water Lv 11:32.

99

בִּאָה n.f. entrance, entry, בַּבִּאָה Ez 8:5, i.e. of temple (but del. B Co).

מָבוֹא n.m.:Je 38:14 entrance, a coming in, entering;—מ׳ abs. Je 38:14 + 3 t. + Ez 42:9 Kt (Qr מֵבִיא wrong, cf. Co); cstr. מְבוֹא Dt 11:30 + 12 t.; sf. מְבוֹאוֹ Ps 104:19 + 2 t.; מְבֹאוֹ Ps 50:1; מבואך 2 S 3:25 Kt (Qr מוֹבָאֶָךָ inexplicable cf. Dr); pl. cstr. מְבוֹאֵי Ez 26:10, מְבוֹאֹת Ez 27:3; —

1. entrance, i.e. place or way of entrance, into a city Ju 1:24, 1:25, 1 Ch 4:39, Pr 8:3 (פְּתָחִים מ׳); into buildings 2 K 11:16, 16:18, 1 Ch 9:19 (שֹׁמְרֵי הַמָּבוֹא), 2 Ch 23:13, 23:15, Je 38:14, Ez 42:9, 46:19; v. also מְבוֹאֹת יָם entrance of (the) sea, gate of the sea, of situation of Tyre Ez 27:3.

2. entering, act of entrance, by violence, in storm of city Ez 26:10; coming in or together, making a crowd, כִּמְבוֹא עָָם Ez 33:31 sim. of eagerness to hear Yahweh's word; in phrase אֶת־מוֹחָאֲךָ וְאֶת־מבואך 2 S 3:25 thy going out and thy coming in, mode of entering temple, or the people who enter Ez 44:5; particularly of sunset מְכוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Ps 104:19; = west Dt 11:30; Jos 1:4, 23:4 הַיָּם הַגָּרוֹל מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ = Mediterranean, Zc 8:7 אֶרֶץ מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ (‖אֶרֶץ מִזְרָח), Mal 1:11, Ps 50:1, 113:3 sunset = west, opp. sunrise = east; in phr. from E. to W., i.e. over the whole earth, everywhere on earth.

100

† [מוֹבָא] n.[m.] in - coming, entrance, מוֹבָאֶָךָ Qr 2 S 3:25, cf. Kt sub מבוא; וּמוֹבָאָיו Ez 43:11 and its entrances (‖וּמוֹחָאָיו), del. B Co. In both, ungramm. form for assonance with מוחא.

תְּבוּאָה n.f. proventus, product, revenue—תּ׳ abs. Ps 107:37 + 3 t.; cstr. תְּבוּאַת Lv 23:39 + 11 t.; sf. תְּבוּאָתִי Jb 31:12, Pr 8:19; תְּבוּאָתְּךָ Dt 14:28 + 2 t.; תְּבוּאָתֶָךָ Pr 3:9; תְּכוּאָתוֹ Lv 19:25 + Ez 48:18 Qr (Kt תבואתה), תְּבוּאָתֹה Je 2:3; תְּבוּאָתָהּ Ex 23:10 + 7 t. + Ez 48:18 Kt (so Co); תְּבוּאָתֵנוּ Lv 25:20; pl. תְּבוּאֹת Lv 25:15 + 4 t.; תְּכוּאוֹת Pr 14:4, 16:8; תֵּבוּאֹתֵיכֶם Je 12:13; —

1. product, yield, usually of earth (= crops, etc.) הָאָרֶץ תּ׳ Ex 23:10, Lv 19:25, 23:29, 25:3, 25:7 (used as food for man & beast, cf. v:22) Jos 5:12, cf. Ne 9:37, Lv 25:15, 25:16, also Ez 48:18; in Gn 47:24 בַּתּ׳ must = of the crops (בּ partitive, cf. בְּ I. 2. b; LXX del. בְּ); שָׂדֶהת׳ 2 K 8:6, 2 Ch 31:5; כֶּרֶם תּ׳ Dt 22:9 cf. Ps 107:37; לָחֶם תּ׳ חָאֲדָמָה Is 30:23; גֹּרֶן תּ׳ & יָ֑קֶב תּ׳ Nu 18:30; זֶרַע תּ׳ Dt 14:22; דָּגָן תּ׳ 2 Ch 32:38; as property of husbandmen, or people Lv 25:20, Dt 14:28, 16:25, 26:12, Pr 3:9; crops as determined by season, שָָׁמֶשׁ תּ׳ Dt 33:14 (‖גֶרֶשׁ יְרָחִים); yield of a year שָׁנָה Lv 25:12, 25:22; cf. v:21 עָשָׂה תּ׳, subj. שָׁנָה.

2. a. income, revenue, in general Jb 31:12 (almost = possessions) Pr 10:16, 14:4, 15:6, 16:8, Ec 5:9 cf. Is 23:3 (revenue of Tyre from trade with Egypt in bread stuffs). b. fig. gain of wisdom חָכְמָה תּ׳ Pr 3:14, 8:19; product of lips (שְׂפָתָיו תּ׳) Pr 18:20, i.e. results of his speech (‖פְּרִי פִי־אִישׁ); of Isr. as Yahweh's product Je 2:3; of Israel's wickedness Je 12:13.

† I. [בּוּז] vb. despise (NH id.)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. בַּז Zc 4:10 (cf. Kö:i. 439); 3 pl. בָָּזוּ Pr 1:7; Impf. יָבוּז Pr 23:9; 3 fs. וְתָבֻז Pr 30:17; 2 ms. תָּבוּז (Juss.) Pr 23:22; pl. יָבוּזוּ Pr 6:30, Ct 8:7; יָבֻזוּ Ct 8:1; Inf. abs. בּוֹז Ct 8:7; Pt. Pr 11:12 + 2 t.;—despise, shew despite toward (WisdLt & poet.) c. acc. Pr 1:7; c. Inf. + ל Pr 30:17; elsewh. sq. ל + noun, Pr 6:30, 11:12, 13:13, 14:21, 23:9, 23:22, Ct 8:1, 8:7, 8:7, Zc 4:10.

† II. בּוּז n.m.:Pr 18:3 contempt—בּ׳ abs. Gn 38:23 + 9 t.; cstr. Jb 31:34; —(WisdLt & poet., exc. Gn 38:23 J).

1. contempt springing from pride and wickedness Jb 31:34, Ps 123:3, 123:4 (‖לַעַג); joined in one adverb. phr. with גאוה Ps 31:19 וָב׳ בְּג׳; springing from prosperity and ease Jb 12:5; = object of contempt Gn 38:23, Pr 12:8; ‖חֶרְפָּה Ps 119:22, Pr 18:3.

2. judicial, poured out (שׁפך) by God, in judgment Jb 12:21 = Ps 107:40.

בּוּזָה n.f. contempt Ne 3:36 הָיִינוּ בּ׳ we have become (an object of) contempt.

† III. בּוּז n.pr.m. (cf. As. n.pr.loc. Bâzu Dl:Pa 307; ZK 1885, 93 f.)

1. 2nd son of Nahor, Abraham's brother Gn 22:21 J; = tribe named with דְּדָן & תֵּימָא Je 25:23.

2. a Gadite 1 Ch 5:14.

† I. בּוּזִי adj. gent. (= בעזי fr. בֹּעַז acc. to J. Derenbourg:RÉJ i. 6) of Elihu's father Jb 32:2, 32:6.

† II. בוּזִי n.pr.m. father of Ezekiel Ez 1:3.

בַּוַּי n.pr.m. a Jew of Nehem.'s time Ne 3:18 = בִּנּוּי v:24 which prob. rd. also v:18 (LXX Βεδει, Βενει, Βεζερ); cf, further Sm:Listen 12.

בּוּךְ vb. perplex, confuse (? Ar. بَاكَ stir up (water of spring) then be disturbed, confused; cf. As. bâku, lead captive, orig. lead astray? COT Ezr 4:2)—only Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נָב֫וֹכָה Est 3:15; 3 mpl. נָבֹ֫כוּ Jo 1:18; Pt. pl. נְבֻכִים Ex 14:3; —be confused, in confusion (of a city) Est 3:15; = wander aimlessly (of Isr.) Ex 14:3; so of cattle Jo 1:18 (Merx prop. בָּכוּ, after LXX ἔκλαυσαν, but בכה not elsewhere of cattle).

מְבוּכָה n.f. confusion, confounding, Is 22:5 יוֹם מְהוּמָה וּמְבוּסָה וּמְבוּכָה a day of consternation and down-treading and confusion; Mi 7:4 עַתָּה תִּהְיֶה מְבוּכָתָם now shall be their confusion.

† I. בּוּל n.[m.] Bul, 8th month = Marcheswan, As. Araḫ samna, 1 K 6:38 בְּיֶרַח בּוּל הוּא הַחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁמִינִי; (Canaanitish; Ph. ירח בל; a Palm. god is בול (in n.pr. עבדבול, Vog:93 זבדבול etc.) & ירחבול (Vog:93, moon-god), which DHM:Ber. Wien. Ak. cviii. 977 connects with Heb. בּוּל; Bae:Rel 87 f. (q.v.) thinks = בעל, cf. Thes:p. 560).

II. בּוּל n.m. product, produce, v. יבול. p. 385

בּוּנָה n.pr.m v. בּין. p. 107

בּוּנִּי n.pr.m. v. בנה. p. 125

† [בּוּס] vb. tread down, trample—Qal Impf. יָבוּס Ps 60:14 = 108:14; 3 fs. תָּבוּס Pr 27:7, אָבוּס Is 63:6; sf. 3 s. אֲבוּסֶנּוּ Is 14:25; 1 pl. נָבוּס Ps 44:6; —tread down, trample (of warriors), no obj. expr. Zc 10:5; id., fig. c. acc. (subj. י׳, as warrior) Is 14:25 cf. Ps 60:14 = 108:14, Is 63:6; (subj. men, with God's help) Ps 44:6; fig. = reject, loathe Pr 27:7. Pol. Pf. בּוֹסְסוּ Is 63:18; בֹּסְסוּ Je 12; 10—tread down in bad sense, subj. enemies of י׳, obj. acc. Je 12:10 (in metaph.); = desecrate (obj. מקדשׁ) Is 63:18. Hithpol. Pt. f. מִתְבּוֹסֶסֶת Ez 16:6, 16:22—of the blind movements of infant's limbs, kick out (this way and that), fig. of Jerusalem. Hoph. Pt. מוּבָָס Is 14:19—pass. trodden down Is 14:19, of corpse, sim. of king of Babylon.

101

יְבוּס n.pr.loc. Jebus, name of Jerusalem acc. to Ju 19:10 יְבוּס הִיא יְרוּשָׁלַםִ, cf. also v:11, 1 Ch 11:4 יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הִיא יְבוּס, cf. v:5.

יְבוּסִי, יְבֻסִי

1. adj. gent. Jebusite, Jebusites, sg. אורנה הַיְבֻסִי 2 S 24:16, 24:18 cf. 1 Ch 21:15, 21:18, 21:28, 2 Ch 3:1; as subst. a Jebusite Zc 9:7; usually c. art. הַי׳ coll. the Jebusites, in hist. statement Gn 10:16 (J) = 1 Ch 1:14, Nu 13:29 (E) Jos 9:1, 11:3, 12:8, 24:11 (all D) Ju 3:5, Ne 9:8, all in list of Canaanitish peoples; so also 1 K 9:20 = 2 Ch 8:7, where remnant of these peoples referred to; also Ezr 9:1, which seems to shew that this list had become a standing expression for early inhabitants; cf. further in promises (JED) Gn 15:21, Ex 3:8, 3:17, 13:5, 23:23, 33:2, 34:11, Dt 7:1, 20:17, Jos 3:10; specif. defined as inhabitants of Jebus-Jerusalem Jos 15:63, 15:63 (J) Ju 1:21, 1:21, 2 S 5:6, 5:8 (on which cf. Dr) 1 Ch 11:4 (called also יוֹשֵׁב הָאָרֶץ 2 S 5:6 & ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ 1 Ch 11:4); v. also עִיר הַיְבוּסִי הַזּאֹת Ju 19:11; whence

2. Jerusalem, Hex only P, Jos 15:8 גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם אֶל־כֶּתֶף היבוסי מִנֶּגֶב הִיא יְרוּשָׁלָָםִ, cf. 18:16, 18:28 וְהַיְבוּסִי הִיא יְרוּשָׁלִַםִ.—Cf. כנען.

מְבוּסָה n.f. down-treading, subjugation, גּוֹי קַו־קַו וּמְבוּסָה Is 18:2, 18:7 a nation of might and of down-treading (Che all-subduing); יוֹם מְהוּמָה וּמְבוּכָה וּמ׳ Is 22:5, cf. מְבוּכָה sub בוך.

† [תְּבוּסָה] n.f. down-treading = ruin, downfall, cstr. תְּבוּסַת אחזיהו 2 Ch 22:7 the downfall of Ahaziah.

בוע (assumed as √ of foll., cf. Lag:BN 10; but √ perh. בעע; acc. to Sta:§ 257 a quadrilit. Ar. بَغّ, efferbuit et commotus fuit (sanguis), بُغْبُغُ puteus cujus aqua haurienti propinqua).

אֲבַעְבֻּעֹת n.f.pl. blisters, boils (Targum אֲבַעְבּוּעְיָן; cf. Targum בֶּעְבַּע, NH בַּעְבּוּעַ בּוּעָה, Syr. ܒܽܥܒܽܘܥܝܳܬܳܐ) Ex 9:9 שְׁחִין פֹּרֵחַ אֲבַעְבֻּעֹת, cf. v:10.

בוץ so Thes, better ביץ (cf. Ar. بَاضَ surpass in whiteness; بِيَاضُ whiteness).

† [בֵּיחָה] n.f.:Is 10:14 egg (NH id., Ar. بَيْضَةُ, Aram. בִּיעֲתָא, ܒܺܝܥܬܳܐ)—only Pl. בֵּיחִים Dt 22:6, 22:6, Is 10:14; cstr. בֵּיחֵי Is 59:5; sf. בֵּיחֶיהָ Jb 39:14, בֵּיחֵיהֶם Is 59:5; —eggs Is 10:14 (of small bird חפור) Dt 22:6, 22:6, cf. Is 10:14 (in simil.); (of ostrich רננים) Jb 39:14; (of great viper חפעוני) Is 59:5, 59:5 (metaph.)

בּוּץ, בֻּץ n.[m.] byssus (late), (Ph. בוץ, Aram. בּוּץ, ܒܽܘܨ; √ dub.; Birch, Wilkinson:Egyptians ii. 158 f. fr. Egypt. hbos, clothe; v. Say. Herodot:ii. 86; Thes fr. √ בוץ, but Nö:ZMG 1875, 650; Armen., acc. to Lag:Sem. i. 72 al.) a fine white Egyptian linen, and cloth made of it, מִשְׁפְּחוֹת בֵּית־עֲבֹדַת הַבֻּץ 1 Ch 4:21 families of the house of byssus-working; cf. 2 Ch 2:13; מְכֻרְבָּל בִּמְעִיל בּוּץ 1 Ch 15:27 clothed in a robe of byssus (but rd. rather as ‖ 2 S 6:14 מְכַרְכֵּר בְּכָל־עֹז was dancing with all his might); cf. תַּכְרִיח בּ׳ Est 8:15; מְלֻבָּשִׁים בּוּץ 2 Ch 5:12; חַבְלֵי בוּץ Est 1:6, 2 Ch 3:14 material of פָּרֹכֶת; article of trade Ez 27:16 (del. LXX Co). Cf. also שֵׁשׁ.

בוק (= בקק).

בּוּקָה n.f. emptiness, Na 2:11 בּוּקה וּמְבוּקָה וּמְבֻלָּקֱה emptiness and void and waste.

מְבוּקָה n.f. id., Na 2:11 v. supr.

I. בּוֹר, cistern, v. sub באר. p. 92

II. בּוֹר, cleanness, v. בֹּר sub ברר. p. 141

בּוּר vb. Qal Inf. cstr. לָבוּר Ec 9:1 (c. acc.); prob. (si vera l.) make clear, clear up, explain (VB; so sts., in NH, ברר q.v.) but rd. perh. וְלִבִּי רָאָה LXX SyrVer Bi; or לָתוּר Gr, cf. 1:13, 2:13, 7:25.

בּוֹשׁ:109 vb. be ashamed (Sab. בוס; מהבאס = evil-doer DHM:ZMG 1883, 375, ‖ Aram. בְּהַת, Syr. ܒܗܶܝܬ; Ar. بَاشَ, بَشَّ mean disperse)—Qal Pf. Je 48:39; בּשׁ Je 48:13; בּוֹשָׁה Je 15:9; בּשְׁתִּי Je 31:19 + 25 t.; Impf. יֵבוֹשׁ Is 29:22 + 57 t.; Inf. abs. בּוֹשׁ Je 6:15, 8:12; Imv. בּוֹשִׁי Is 23:4, Ez 16:52, בּוֹשׁוּ Ez 36:32; Pt. pl. בּוֹשִׁים Ez 32:30; —

1. abs. feel shame Je 6:15 + 16 t., Is 19:9, 23:4, 37:27, Is:2 45:16 + 14 t., Ez 16:63, Mi 7:16, Jo 2:26, 2:27, 2 K 19:26, Ez 9:6, Jb 6:20, Ps 6:11 (+ 27 t., chiefly in late Psalms).

2. sq. מִן, be ashamed of, i.e. disconcerted, disappointed by reason of Je 2:36, 2:36, 12:13, 48:13, Is 1:29, 20:5, Ez 32:30, 36:32.

3. with obj. בּשְׁתִּי לִשְׁאוֹל I am ashamed to ask Ez not found8:22; לאֹ תֵבשׁוּ תַּהְכְּרוּ לִי ye are not ashamed to deal hardly with me (impf. subj.) Jb 19:3. בּושׁ often ‖נכלם & חפר; בּשׁוּ וְהָכְלְמוּ they are ashamed and confounded Je 14:3, 22:22, Is:2 41:11, 45:16, 45:17, Ez 16:52, 36:32, Ps 35:4, 69:7, Ez 9:6; וּבשׁוּ הַחֹזִים וְחָֽפְרוּ הַקֹּסְמִים and the seers shall be ashamed and the diviners confounded Mi 3:7, cf. Je 15:9, Jb 6:20, Ps 35:26, 40:15, 70:3, 71:24; יֵבוֹשׁ מְקוֹרוֹ Ho 13:15 (rd. יִיבַשׁ be dry); עַד־בּוֹשׁ † Ju 3:25, 2 K 2:17, 8:11. Polel Pf. בּשֵׁשׁ delay (in shame), בּשֵׁשׁ משֶׁה לָרֶדֶת Moses delayed to descend Ex 32:1 (J), מַדּוּעַ בּשֵׁשׁ רִכְבּוֹ לָבוֹא why delay his chariots to come ? Ju 5:28. Hiph. 1. הֱבִישׁוֹתָ Ps 44:8; הֱבִישֹׁתָה Ps 53:6; Impf. 2 ms. sf. תְּבִישֵׁנִי Ps 119:31, 119:116; תָּבִישׁוּ Ps 14:6; put to shame, Pt. מֵבִישׁ Pr 10:5, 14:35, 19:26, 29:15; one causing shame or acting shamefully, ‖מִשְׂכִּיל; עֶבֶד מַשְׂכִּיל יִמְשֹׁל בְּבֵן מֵבִישׁ a servant acting wisely will rule over a son causing shame Pr 17:2; מְבִישָׁהאֵשֶׁת חַיִל Pr 12:4. 2. הוֹבִישׁ 2 S 19:6, Je 2:26, 6:15, Jo 1:10, 1:12; הֹבִישׁ Je 10:14 + 7 t., Ho 2:7, Jo 1:12, 1:17, Is 30:5 (but הבאיש Kt); הֹבִשׁוּ Je 8:9; 8:12; Imv. הֹבִישׁוּ Jo 1:11 (all the forms in Joel derived √ יָבֵשׁ by ancient versions and some moderns, vid. Ew:§ 122 e Ges:§ 72, 6). a. put to shame 2 S 19:6. b. act shamefully Ho 2:7. c. to be put to shame Je 2:26, 6:15, 46:24, 48:1, 48:1, 48:20, 50:2, 50:2, Jo 1:10, 1:12, 1:17 (?). d. be ashamed Je 8:9, 8:12, Jo 1:11, 1:12 (?) Is 30:5 (Qr); c. מִן Je 10:14 = 51:17. Hithp. Impf. יִתְבּשָָׁשׁוּ ashamed before one another Gn 2:25 (J).

102

בּוּשָׁה n.f. shame Ps 89:46, Mi 7:10, Ob v:10, Ez 7:18.

בָּשְׁנָה n.f. shame (בּשֶׁן Ew:§ 168 f.) Ho 10:6.

בּ֫שֶׁת n.f. shame Jb 8:22 + 20 t.; sf. בָּשְׁתִּי Ps 69:20 + 7 t.

1. shame 1 S 20:30, 20:30, Ps 40:16, 69:20, 70:4, Is 30:3, 30:5, 61:7, Je 2:26, 3:25, 20:18, Hb 2:10, Zp 3:5, 3:19; לָבַשׁ בּשֶׁת clothe with shame Jb 8:22, Ps 35:26, 132:18; ‖עטה בשׁת Ps 109:29; פָּנִים(ה)בּשֶׁת shame (or confusion) of face 2 Ch 32:21, Ezr 9:7, Dn 9:7, 9:8, cf. Ps 44:16, Je 7:19; בּשֶׁת עֲלוּמֶיךָ shame of thy youth Is 54:4; עֶרְיָה־בשֶׁת nakedness (that is) shame Mi 1:11 cf. Ps 45:5; בּשֶׁת עֶרְוַת אמך 1 S 20:30.

2. shameful thing, substituted for בַּעַל (q.v.) by later editors, Ho 9:10, Je 3:24; מִזְבְּחוֹת לַבּשֶׁת Je 11:13, cf. יְרֻבֶּשֶׁת 2 S 11:21 = יְרֻבַּעַל Ju 6:32; אִישׁ־בּשֶׁת 2 S 2:8 = אֶשְׁבַּעַל 1 Ch 8:33.

† [מבושׁ] n.[m.] pl. sf. מְבֻשָׁיו, his privates, that excite shame, pudenda, Dt 25:11.

בַּז v. sub בזז. p.102

† [בָּזָא] vb. divide, cut through (? cf. Aram. בְּזַע, ܒܙܰܥ cleaveQal Pf. בָּֽזְאוּ נהרים Is 18:2, 18:7 whose land rivers cut through (of Cush).

בָּזָה vb. despise (Pal. Targum בְּזָא, cf. بَزَا raise the head loftily and disdainfully)—Qal Pf. Nu 15:31 +; בָּזִיתָ 2 S 12:9; sf. בְּזִתָָנִי 2 S 12:10, etc.; Impf. וַיִּ֫בֶז Gn 25:34, Est 3:6; sf. וַיִּבְזֵהוּ 1 S 17:42; 3 fs. וַתִּכֶז 2 S 6:16, 1 Ch 15:29; 2 ms. תִּבְזֶה Ps 51:19, 73:20; וַיִּבְזוּ Ne 2:19; וַיִּבְזֻהוּ 1 S 10:27; Inf. cstr. בְּזֹה Is 49:7 (Di Ew:§ 150 b); Pt. act. בּוֹזֶה Pr 15:20, 19:16; בּוֹזֵהוּ Pr 14:2; בּוֹזִים 2 Ch 36:16; בּוֹזֵי Mal 1:6; sf. בֹּזַי 1 S 2:30; pass. בָּזוּי Je 49:15 +; f. בְּזוּיָה Ec 9:16; —despise, regard with contempt, sq. acc. rei, birthright Gn 25:34 (J); words of י׳ Nu 15:31 (P; not elsewh. in Hex); 2 S 12:9 cf. 2 Ch 36:16; name of י׳ Mal 1:6, 1:6 (cf. infr.); oath (אָלָה) Ez 16:59, 17:16, 17:18, 17:19; holy things Ez 22:8; one's own ways Pr 19:16 (i.e. is careless of them, lives recklessly, opp. שֹׁמֵר נַפְשׁוֹ, cf. נֹחֵר דַּרְכּוֹ 16:17); distress of the distressed Ps 22:25 (‖שִׁקֵּץ, subj. י׳); prayer, subj. id. Ps 102:18; broken & contrite heart Ps 51:9 (c. לאֹ), cf. on other hand 73:20; sq. acc. pers. Saul 1 S 10:27, David 17:42 cf. Pr 15:20, י׳ 1 S 2:30, 2 S 12:10, Pr 14:2, his prisoners Ps 69:34 (subj. י׳); sq. לְ, וַתִּבֶז לוֹ בְּלִבָּהּ 2 S 6:16 = 1 Ch 15:29, 2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22; sq. עַל pers. Ne 2:19; sq. Inf. וַיִּבֶז בְּעֵינָיו לִשְׁלֽחַ יָד Est 3:6; note esp. בְּזֹה נֶפֶשׁ Is 49:7 a despising of soul, i.e. one despised from the soul, thoroughly despised; on otherviews v. Che Di. Pt. pass. despised, of pers. cstr. בְּזוּי עָם despised of people (‖חֶרְפַּת אָדָם) Ps 22:7, cf. בָּזוּי בָאָדָם Je 49:15 also Ob v:2; of wisdom Ec 9:16. Niph. Pt. נִבְזֶה Ps 15:4 +; f. נִבְזָה 1 S 15:9 (so rd. for נמבזָה cf. We Dr); pl. נִבְזִם Mal 2:9; —

1. despised Ps 15:4, 119:141, Is 53:3, 53:3, Je 22:28.

2. vile, worthless 1 S 15:9.

3. despicable, contemptible Mal 1:7 said of table of י׳, cf. v:12, 2:9; Dn 11:21 as subst. of Antiochus Epiph. Hiph. Inf. לְהַבְזוֹת בַּעְלֵיהֶן Est 1:17 so as to cause to despise their lords (cause their lords to be despised).

בִּזָּיוֹן n.[m.] contempt Est 1:18 (וָקָָחֶף ב׳).

בִּזָּה v. sub בזז. p. 103

בָּזַז vb. spoil, plunder (Ar. بَزَّ, Aram. ܒܰܙ; Amhar. bahabaha: perh. Eth. bezawa: rescue Prä:BAS i. 33)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. וּבָזַז (consec.) Ez 29:19; 3 pl. בָּֽזְַזוּ Nu 31:53 + 7 t.; בָּזָ֑זוּ Nu 31:9; sf. וּבְזָזוּם consec. Je 20:5; 1 pl. בָּזַזְנוּ Dt 2:35; בַּזּוֹנוּ 3:7; Impf. 2 ms. תָּבֹז Dt 20:14, pl. יָ֫בֹזּוּ Is 10:2 + 2 t.; וַיָּ֫בֹזּוּ Gn 34:27 + 4 t.; sf. יְבָזּוּם Zp 2:9; 2 mpl. תָּבֹ֫זוּ Jos 8:2; 1 pl. cohort. נָבֹ֫זָה 1 S 14:36 (cf. Ges:§ 67 R. 11); Imv. בֹּ֫זּוּ Na 2:10, 2:10; Inf. cstr. בֹּז Is 10:6 + 3 t.; בּוֹז Est 3:13, 8:11; Pt. act. pl. בֹּֽזְַַזִים Is 42:24, 2 Ch 20:25; sf. בֹּֽזְַזַיִךְ Je 30:16, בֹּֽזְַזֵינוּ Is 17:14, בֹּֽזְַזֵיהֶם Ez 39:10; pass. בָּזוּז Is 42:22; —spoil = take as spoil, c. acc. rei Nu 31:9, Dt 2:35 (c. לְ & refl. suff.) Je 20:5, Ez 26:12, Na 2:10, Ps 109:11; oftener c. acc. cogn., בַּז Nu 31:32, Is 10:6 (‖שָׁלַל שָׁלָל, as oft.) 33:23, Ez 29:19, 38:12, 38:13; בִּזָּה 2 Ch 25:13; שָׁלָל Dt 3:7, 20:14 (both sq. לְ c. refl. suff.) 2 Ch 20:25, 20:25, 28:8, Est 3:13, 8:11; בהמה & שׁלל Jos 8:2, 8:27, 11:14 (all sq. לְ c. refl. suff.); obj. pers. carried off (cf. בַּז) Gn 34:29 (MT, but cf. Ol); plunder, despoil, c. acc. pers. robbed Is 10:2, 11:14, 17:14 (שׁסה) 42:22 (‖ id.) Zp 2:9, Je 30:16, Ez 39:10, 39:10; c. בָּהֶם (pers.) 1 S 14:36; c. acc. of place plundered Gn 34:27, 2 K 7:16, 2 Ch 14:13; abs. Nu 31:53, Is 42:24. † Niph. Pf. וְנָבֹ֫זוּ consec. Am 3:11; Impf. 2 ms. תִּבּוֹז Is 24:3; Inf. abs. הִבּוֹז Is 24:3be spoiled, plundered, subj. ארמנות Am 3:11; הארץ Is 24:3; הִבּוֹז תִּבּוֹז (‖הִבּוֹק תִּבּוֹק). † Pu. Pf. וּבֻזָּ֑זוּ consec. Je 50:37be taken as spoil, subj. אוחרת.

103

בַּז n.[m.] spoiling, robbery; spoil, booty—בּ׳ abs. Nu 14:3 +; so also Ez 25:7 Qr (Kt בג meaningless); בַָּז Je 2:14 +; but הַבָּ֔ז Nu 31:32 v. d. H; sf. בִּזָּהּ Ex 29:19; —

1. spoiling, robbery, לְב׳ i.e. to be plundered, despoiled Ez 7:21 (of temple ‖שָׁלָל) 23:46.

2. spoil, booty, plunder Is 10:6, 33:23, Ez 29:19, 38:12, 38:13 (all acc. cogn. ‖שָׁלָל); cf. Nu 31:32, Je 15:13, 17:3; in phr. הָיָה לָבַז Je 49:32 (of camels) Ez 36:4 cf. v:5; also of human beings Nu 14:3, 14:31, Dt 1:39, Je 2:14 (all היה לב׳) + 2 K 21:14 (‖מְשִׁסָּה) Is 42:22 (‖ id.) Je 2:14, cf. 30:16 (‖מְשִׁסָּה); also Ez 25:7 Qr, 26:5 (היה לב׳; both in personif.); fig. of Isr. as sheep Ez 34:8, 34:22 (both היה לב׳) v:28 היה בז (no לְ). On Is 8:1, 8:3 מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז v. מהר.

בִּזָּה n.f. spoil, booty (late)—בִּזָּה 2 Ch 14:13 + 9 t.;—spoil, prey, of things 2 Ch 28:14, Est 9:10, 9:15, 9:16, cf. 2 Ch 14:13, 25:13, Dn 11:24 (‖שָׁלָל & רכושׁ); n. verb., spoiling, בַּב׳ Ezr 9:7, Dn 11:33, cf. also לְב׳ Ne 3:36.

בִּזָּיוֹן v. sub בזה.

בִּזְיוֹתְיָה n.pr.loc. acc. to MT place near Beersheba Jos 15:28; but rd. prob. וּבְנוֹתֶיהָ LXX and her daughters (villages, cf. בת sub בן) v. Ne 11:27 (We:Sm 215 Hollenb:Alex. Übers. Jos. 14 Di al.)

בזק (Aram. בְּזַק, ܒܙܰܩ scatter; Ar. بَزَقَ rise (of sun) is prob. erroneous v. Lane:199).

בָּזָק n.[m.] lightning flash ? Ez 1:14 Hi Co del.; verse om. in old MSS. of LXX; sense uncertain, possibly error for ברק.

בֶּ֫זֶקִ n.pr.loc. 1 S 11:8 (בְּבָָזֶק) rendezvous of Israel under Saul and Sam.; Ju 1:4, 1:5 home of Adoni-bezek; on loc. cf. Euseb. Lag:Onom. 105, 2nd ed. 139; see also Stu. Ju 1:4; 17th (mile-)stone fr. Neapolis toward Scythopolis; mod. Ḫirbet Ibzîḳ, 14 Eng. m. fr. Nâblus, Survey:ii. 231.

† [בָּזַר] vb. scatter (Ar. بَذَرَ, Aram. בְּדַר)—Qal Impf. Dn 11:24 בִּזָּה וְשָׁלָל וּרְכוּשׁ לָהֶם יִבְז֑וֹר plunder and spoil and possessions he will scatter among them (subj. Antiochus Epiph.) Pi. Pf. בִּזַּר, id., Ps 68:31, but rd. Imv. בַּזֵּר (בַּזַּר) (LXX SyrVer Vulgate so most; De follows MT), subj. ref. to י׳, obj. עַמִּים.

בִּזְּתָא n.pr.m. a eunuch of Ahasuerus, Est 1:10 (Thes comp. Pers. beste, ligatus sc. membro, e.g. spado, cf. Vullers:Dict. Pers. sub بَستَه).

† I. [בָּחֵל] vb. feel loathing (cf. Syr. ܒܚܺܝܠ (so in lexx.) nauseated (yet v. Gei:Urschrift, 270); NSyr. ܒܰܚܠܶܠ envy cf. Stoddard:Gram. 12, 57)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. בָּֽחֲלָה Zc 11:8 וַתִּקְחַר נַפְשִׁי בָּהֶם וְגַם נַפְשָׁם בִי בּ׳ felt a loathing against me.

† II. [בָּחֵל] vb. (Ar. بَخِلَ be avaricious); only Pu. Pt. נַחֲלָה מְבֹחֶלֶת an inheritance gotten by greed Pr 20:21 Kt; < Qr Vrss מְבֹהֶלֶת נ׳, v. בהל.

† [בָּחַן] vb. examine, try (cf. Aram. בְּחַן, Syr. ܒܰܚܶܢ, try, examine; Ar. محن I. VIII. test, cf. W:SG 65)—Qal Pf. sf. בְּחָנַ֫נִי Jb 23:10, בָּחַנְתָּ Ps 17:3 + 7 t.; Impf. יִבְחָָן Ps 11:5 + 5 t.; Imv. sf. בְּחָנֵנִי Ps 26:2 + 2 t.; Inf. בְּחֹן Zc 13:9; Pt. בֹּחֵן Je 11:20 + 5 t. (‖חרף, נסה);—

1. examine, scrutinize, try Ps 11:5, 139:23, Jb 7:18; עַפְעַפָּיו יִבְחֲנוּ בְנֵי אָדָם His eyelids try the children of men (search them through and through) Ps 11:4.

2. prove, test, try. a. with the metaphor of gold Jb 23:10; וּבְחַנְתִּים כִּבְחֹן אֶת־הַזָּהָב and I will try them as one tries gold Zc 13:9. b. without metaphor, of God testing persons Ps 26:2, 66:10, 81:8, Je 9:6; their ways Je 6:27; the לֵב Ps 17:3, Je 12:3, Pr 17:3, 1 Ch 29:17; reins Je 17:10; heart and reins Ps 7:10, Je 11:20 (= 20:12). c. of man testing or tempting God Ps 95:9, Mal 3:10, 3:15. d. the ear trying words Jb 12:11 = 34:3. Niph. Impf. יִבָּחֵן Jb 34:36, Gn 42:15, 42:16, to be tried, proved. Pu. בֹּחַן Ez 21:18 the trial has been made (LXX SyrVer Vulgate Ges MV Ew Ke, but noun בֹּ֫חַן MT Symm Haev.; rd. בְּחֵן with grace, favour, Hi Co).

בֹּ֫חַן n.[m.] testing, Is 28:16 אֶבֶן בֹּחַן a tested, tried stone, i.e. approved for use as a foundation-stone. On Ez 21:18 MT v. foreg. ad fin.

בַּ֫חַן n.[m.] watch-tower, Is 32:14.

† [בחון] sf. בַּחוּנָיו (dag. f. implic. Qr; בחיניו Kt) Is 23:13 their siege-towers.

בָּחוֹן n.[m.] assayer, one who tries metals Je 6:27 (Ges:§ 84, 3 Ew:§ 152 b).

בחיניו Is 23:13 Kt; v. [בחון] supr.

בָּחַר vb. choose (cf. Aram. בְּחַר, Syr. ܒܚܰܪבחן, As. bêru (√ באר):3 Dl:Pr 76)—Qal Pf. בָּחַר Dt 7:6 + 66 t.; יִבְחַר Is 41:24 + 60 t.; אֶבֲחַר Jb 29:25 (Baer); Imv. בְּחַר Ex 17:9 + 5 t.; Inf. abs. בָּחוֹר 1 S 2:28, Is 7:15, 7:16; Inf. cstr. sf. בָּחֳרִי Ez 20:5; Pt. בֹּחֵר 1 S 20:30, Zc 3:2; pass. בָּחוּר Ex 14:7 + 18 t.;—

1. with בְּ a. divine choice, of Abraham Ne 9:7; Israel Dt 7:7 Is 44:1, Ez 20:5; to become his people Dt 7:6, 14:2; Jeshurun Is 44:2; the seed of the patriarchs Dt 4:37, 10:15; Levites Dt 18:5, 21:5, 1 Ch 15:2, 2 Ch 29:11; Aaron Ps 105:26; Judah 1 Ch 28:4 not Ephraim Ps 78:67; Levi and Judah Je 33:24; the king Dt 17:15, especially David 1 S 10:24, 16:8, 16:9, 16:10, 2 S 6:21, 1 K 8:16 (= 2 Ch 6:6) 1 Ch 28:4, 28:5, 29:1, 2 Ch 6:5, Ps 78:70; others Nu 16:5, 17:20 (P) Hg 2:23; place of sacrifice Dt 12:18, 14:25, 16:7, 16:15, 17:8, 2 Ch 7:12; the city 1 K 8:16, 8:44 (= 2 Ch 6:5, 6:34) 11:32; Jerusalem 2 Ch 6:6, Is 14:1, Zc 1:17, 2:16, 3:2; Zion Ps 132:13; delusions Is 66:4. b. man's choice, of ways Pr 3:31, Is 66:3; good things Is 7:15, 7:16; life Dt 30:19; gods Ju 10:14 Is 41:24; God's pleasure Is 56:4, 65:12, 66:4.

2. with אֲשֶׁר (alone, for אשׁר בחר ב׳): a. divine choice, Israel Is 41:8 יַעֲקֹב אֲשֶׁר בְּחַרְתִּיךָ, 43:10; the people 1 K 3:8, Ps 33:12; men Nu 16:7 (P) Ps 65:5; king 2 S 16:18, 1 K 11:34; place of sacrifice Dt 12:14, 12:26, 15:20, 17:10, 31:11 (D) Jos 9:27 (P), especially לָשׂוּם שְׁמוֹ שָׁם Dt 12:5, 12:21, 14:24, לְשַׁכֵּן שְׁמוֹ שָׁם Dt 12:11, 14:23, 16:2, 16:6, 16:11, Ne 1:9; the city 1 K 8:48 (= 2 Ch 6:38), לשׂום שׁמי שׁם 1 K 11:36, 14:21 (= 2 Ch 12:13); Jerusalem 1 K 11:13, 2 K 21:7 (= 2 Ch 33:7) 23:27; fast Is 58:5, 58:6; way Ps 25:12. b. man's choice, place to dwell in Dt 23:7; gardens Is 1:29; king 1 S 12:13; wives Gn 6:2 (J); what to do 2 S 15:15.

3. with acc. & לְ, choose some one or something for: a. divine choice, of Levi 1 S 2:28; Jacob Ps 135:4, 135:5; inheritance Ps 47:5. b. human choice persons Ex 17:9, Jos 24:15, 24:22 (E) 1 S 8:18, 13:12, 2 S 24:12 (= 1 Ch 21:20); things Gn 13:11 (J) 1 S 17:40, 1 K 18:23, 18:25, Jb 34:4.

4. with acc. and מִן, choose, select from 2 S 10:9 (= 1 Ch 19:10).

5. acc. a. divine choice, temple 2 Ch 7:16; Judah Ps 78:68; servant Is 41:9, 49:7. b. man's choice, persons Ex 18:28 (E) Ju 5:8, Jos 8:3 (J) 2 S 17:1; things Jb 7:15, 9:14, 15:5, 29:25, 34:33, 119:30, 119:173, Pr 1:29, Is 40:20.

6. with עַל, כי על זה בחרת מעני for this thou hast chosen rather than affliction Jb 36:21; with acc. and על pregn. כל אשׁר תבחר עלי all that thou choosest (to lay) upon me 2 S 19:39.

7. with לְ of acc. 1 S 20:30 (many MSS. have בְּ; but LXX We Dr read חָבֵר companion). The ptcp. בָּחוּר chosen, of a ruler Ps 89:20, warrior Je 49:19 (= 50:44); as cedars Ct 5:15; coll. רכב בחור chosen chariots Ex 14:7 (E); אישׁ בחור chosen men, warriors Ju 20:15, 20:16, 20:34, 1 S 24:3, 2 Ch 13:3, 13:17, for wh. בָּחוּר alone 1 K 12:21 = 2 Ch 11:1, 2 Ch 25:5; בחורי ישׂראל 1 S 26:2, Ps 78:31, 2 S 10:9 בחורי בישׂראל (‖ 1 Ch 19:10 בחור בישׂראל, doubtless the true reading, as 2 S 6:1).

8. test, try (Aram. = בחן) בְּחַרְתִּיךָ בְּכוּר עָֹנִי Is 48:10 I have tested thee in the furnace of affliction SyrVer Targum Ges Hi Ew De Che Dr, but chosen Vulgate Rab Calv AV. Niph. נִבְחַר Je 8:3; Pt. נִבְחָר Pr 8:10 + 5 t.;—to be chosen. a. abs. chosen, choice Pr 8:10, 8:19, 10:20. b. cstr. מִן, וְנִבְחַר מות מחיים death will be chosen rather than life Je 8:3; choicer than Pr 16:16, 22:1; נבחר ליהוה מזבח choicer (more acceptable) to Yahweh than peace-offering Pr 21:3. Pu. יְבֻחַר chosen, selected Ec 9:4 (יְחֻבַּר Qr).

104

בָּחוּר n.m. young man Is 62:5 + 7 t.; pl. בַּחוּרִים (intensive with dag. f. implic.) Pr 20:29 + 13 t.; cstr. בַּחוּרֵי Ez 23:6 + 4 t.; sf. בַּחוּרַי etc. La 1:18 + 16 t.;—young man (choice, in the prime of manhood) 1 S 9:2, Ec 11:9, Is 62:5; coll. young men Je 15:8; בָּחוּר וּבְתוּלָה young men and virgins Dt 32:25, 2 Ch 36:17, Je 51:22, Ez 9:6; usually pl. Ju 14:10, Ru 3:10, 1 S 8:16, 2 K 8:12, 2 Ch 36:17, Pr 20:29, Is 9:17, 31:8, 40:30, Je 6:11, 9:20, 11:22, 18:21, 48:15, 49:26, 50:3, 51:3, La 1:15, 5:13, 5:14, Ez 33:6, 33:12, 33:23, 30:17, Jo 3:1, Am 2:11, 4:10; ‖בתולות Ps 78:63, 148:12, Is 23:4, Je 31:13, La 1:18, 2:21, Am 8:13, Zc 9:17.

† [בְּחוּרִים] n.f. abstr. pl. youth, pl. sf. בְּחֻרָיו Nu 11:28 (J; Onk SyrVer Ges De Di; בחיריו LXX Sam Vulgate Lu Ke); בְּחוּרוֹתֶיךָ Ec 11:9, בְּחוּרֹתֶיךָ Ec 12:1.

† [בָּחִיר] n.m. chosen, cstr. בְּחִיר 2 S 21:6 (but We Dr בְּהַר י׳); sf. בְּחִירָיו 1 Ch 16:13, Ps 89:4, 105:6, 105:43, 106:5, 106:23, Is:3 42:1, 43:20, 45:4, 65:9, 65:15, 65:22 always the chosen or elect of Yahweh.

בַּחֻרִים n.pr.loc (young men's village) of a small town of Benjamin beyond the Mt. of Olives on the way to Jericho (cf. Rob:BR i. 433; Kasteren:ZPV 1890, 100 ff.) 2 S 3:16, 16:5, 17:18, 19:17, 1 K 2:8 (= עַלְמוֹן acc. to Targum:Jon Schwarz Marti-Schick:ZPV iii. 8 f.

יִבְחָר n.pr.m. (He (Ēl or י׳) chooses) son of David 2 S 5:15, 1 Ch 3:6, 14:5.

† [מִבְחָר] n.[m.] (f. Ez 24:5) choicest, best, cstr. מִבְחַר Dt 12:11 + 10 t.; sf. מִבְחָרָיו Dn 11:15; vows Dt 12:11; valleys Is 22:7; fir trees Is 37:24; cedars Je 22:7; bones Ez 24:4; sepulchres Gn 23:6 (P); of the flock Ez 24:5; of the Assyrians Ez 23:7; captains Ex 15:4 (E poet.); young men Je 48:15; מבחר וטוב לבנון Ez 31:16 (del. וטוב LXX Co); עַם מִבְחָרָיו Dn 11:15 = his choice troops.

מִבְחוֹר n.[m.] choice, in the phrases עִיר מִבְחוֹר choice city 2 K 3:19; מִבְחוֹר בְּרשָׁיו choice for trees 2 K 19:23 = מִבְחַר בְּרוֹשָׁיו Is 37:24 (prob. scribal error in both cases for מִבְחַר).

מִבְחָר n.pr.m. (choice) one of David's warriors 1 Ch 11:38.

בַּחֲרוּמִי adj.gent. Baharumite 1 Ch 11:33 = בַּרְחֻמִי 2 S 23:31. Prob. בַּחֻרִמִי Dr.

† [בָּטָה, בָּטָא] vb. speak rashly, thoughtlessly (NH id., בטי)—Qal Pt. בּוֹטֶה Pr 12:18 one that babbleth (opp. לְשׁוֹן חֲכָמִים). Pi. Impf. יְבַטֵּא בִשְׁבוּעָה Lv 5:4 speak rashly, unadvisedly; so וַיְבַטֵּא בִשְׂפָתָיו (of Moses) Ps 106:33; Inf. לְבַטֵּא בִשְׂפָתַיִם Lv 5:4 (P).

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מִבְטָא n.[m.] rash utterance, מִבְטָא שׂפתיה Nu 30:7, 30:9.

† I. בָּטַח vb. trust (cf. Ar. بَطَحَ to throw one down upon his face Thes, إِنْبَطَحَ lie extended on the ground, ‘se reposer sur quelqu' un’ Fl MV)—Qal Pf. בָּטַח Ps 28:7 + 35 t.; Impf. יִבְּטַח Jb 40:23 + 27 t.; Imv. בְּטַח Ps 37:3 + 8 t.; Inf. abs בָּטוֹחַ Is 59:4, cstr. בְּטֹחַ Ps 118:8 + 2 t.; Pt. בֹּטֵחַ Ps 21:8 + 35 t.; pass. בָּטוּחַ Ps 112:7 Is 26:3. I. trust.

1. abs. Is 12:2.

2. with cogn. acc. מה הבטחון הזה אשׁר בטחת what is this trust that thou dost trust ? 2 K 18:19 = Is 36:4.

3. with בְּ trust ina. God 2 K 18:5, 19:10, 1 Ch 5:20, Ps 9:11, 21:8, 22:5, 22:6, 25:2, 26:1, 28:7, 32:10, 37:3, 40:4, 55:24, 56:5, 56:12, 62:9, 84:13, 91:2, 112:7, 115:9, 115:10, 115:11, 125:1, 143:8, Pr 16:20, 29:25, Is 26:3, 26:4, 37:10, Je 17:7, 39:18, Zp 3:2. b. persons Ju 9:26, Ps 41:10, 118:8, 118:9, 146:3, Pr 31:11, Je 17:5, 46:25, Mi 7:5. c. things Dt 28:32, Jb 39:11, Ps 27:3, 44:7, 52:9, 62:11, 115:8, 135:18, Pr 11:28, 28:26, Is 30:12, 42:17, 47:10, Je 5:17, 7:14, 12:5, 13:25, 48:7, 49:4, Ez 16:15, Ho 10:13, Am 6:1. d. in the name of Gos Ps 33:21, Is 5:10; mercy of God Ps 13:6, 52:10; word of God Ps 119:42; salvation of God Ps 78:22.

4. with עַל, trust or rely upona. God Ps 31:15, 37:5, Pr 28:25, Je 49:11. b. persons 2 K 18:20, 18:21, 18:24 = Is 36:5, 36:6, 36:9, Je 9:3. c. things 2 K 18:21 = Is 36:6, 2 Ch 32:10, Ps 49:7, Is 31:1, 59:4, Ez 33:13, Hb 2:18.

5. with אֶל trust toa. God 2 K 18:22 (= Is 36:7) Ps 4:6, 31:7, 56:4, 86:2, Pr 3:5. b. persons Ju 20:36. c. things Je 7:4 (= על דבר 7:8). II. be confident Jb 6:20, 40:23, Pr 14:16; חַדִּיקִים כִּכְפִיר יִבְטַח the righteous are bold as a lion Pr 28:1; secure Jb 11:18, Pr 11:15; עַם בֹּטֵחַ a people secure Ju 18:7, 18:10, 18:27; בָּנוֹת בֹּטְחוֹת careless daughtetrs, (women) Is 32:9 cf. v:10, v:11. Hiph. Pf. הִבְטַחְתָּ Je 28:15; Impf. יַבְטַח Is 36:15 + 2 t.; Pt. מַבְטִיחִי Ps 22:10; cause to trust, make secure, abs. Ps 22:10; with עַל Je 28:15, 29:31; with אֶל 2 K 18:30 = Is 36:15.

† I. בֶּ֫טַח n.[m.] security—Gn 34:25 + 41 t.; הַשְׁקֵט וָבֶטַח Is 32:17 quietness and security = בְּהַשְׁקֵט וּבְבִטְחָה Is 30:15 (but prob. both infs.) elsewhere always adverb;—securely, ישׁב לבטח Lv 25:18, 25:19, 26:5, Ju 18:7, 1 K 5:5, Ps 4:9, Pr 3:29, Is 47:8, Je 32:37, 49:31, Ez 28:26, 34:25, 34:28, 38:8; 38:11; 38:14, 39:6, 39:26, Zp 2:15, Zc 14:11; ישׁב בטח Dt 12:10, 1 S 12:11; שׁכן לבטח Dt 33:12, Ps 16:9, Je 23:6, 33:16; שׁכן בטח Dt 33:28, Pr 1:33; לבטח (היה) Jb 24:23, Ez 34:27; היה בטח Ju 8:11; הלך לבטח Pr 3:23; הלך בטח Pr 10:9; שׁכב לבטח Jb 11:18, Ho 2:20; רבץ לבטח Is 14:30; נחה לבטח Ps 78:53; עבר בטח Mi 2:8; כושׁ בטח Cush (dwelling) securely Ez 30:9 (pregnant construction, del. בטח Co); וַיָּבאֹוּ עַל הָעִיר בֶּטַח and they came upon the city (dwelling) securely Gn 34:25 (J).

בִּטְחָה n.f. trusting Is 30:15 (prob inf. f. = בֶּטַח Is 32:17).

בִּטָּחוֹן n.m. trust 2 K 18:19 = Is 36:4; hope Ec 9:4.

בַּטֻּחוֹת n.f.pl. security, safety Jb 12:6.

מִבְטָח n.[m.] confidence Ez 29:16—cstr. מִבְטַח Pr 14:26 + 2 t.; sf. מִבְטַהִי Jb 31:24 + 6 t. (dag. implicit); מִבְטֶחָם Je 48:13; מִבְטֶחָהַ Pr 21:22; pl. מִבְטַחִים Is 32:18; מִבְטָחַיִח Je 2:37; —

1. the act of confiding Pr 21:22, 22:19, 25:19.

2. the object of confidence Jb 8:14, 18:14, 31:24, Ps 40:5, 65:6, 71:5, Je 2:37, 17:7, 48:13, Ez 29:16.

3. the state of confidence, security Pr 14:26, Is 32:18.

† II. בֶּ֫טַח n.pr.loc. city of Hadadezer king of Zobah 2 S 8:8 (but read rather טִבְחַת so 1 Ch 18:8; LXX Sm Μασβακ, LXXL Ματεβακ; LXX Ch Μεταβηχας, LXXL ταβααθ; cf. also We Dr).

II. בטח (√ assumed for following).

אֲבַטִּחִים n.[m.] pl. water-melons (Mish. אבטיח, Sam. ܒܛܝܚ; cf. Löw:No. 297; Ar. بِطِّيخُ etc.; perh. loan-word in Heb. cf. Sta:§ 258; mod. Egypt. baṭṭich, biṭṭich cf. reff. in Di Nu 11:5; on formation cf. Lag:BN 10, who comp. Eth. aqṭala)—Egyptian fruit, הָא׳ Nu 11:5 (‖הִקִּשֻּׁאִים, הֶֽחָחִיר, הַבְּחָלִים, הַשּׁוּמִים); LXX τοὺς πέπονας.

† [בָּטַל] vb. cease (NH בָּטֵל, Ar. بَطَلَ, Eth. bat’ala: both be futile, vain, but As. baṭâlu, cease Lotz:TP 68, so Aram. בְּטֵיל, ܒܛܶܠ)—Qal Pf. וּבָֽטְליּ consec. Ec 12:3 and the grinders cease.

I. בטן (meaning dub.; √ of following).

† I. בֶ֫טֶן n.f.:Nu 5:25 belly, body womb (Ar. بَطْنُ)—בּ׳ abs. Ju 13:7 +; בָָּטֶן v:5 +; cstr. בֶּטֶן Ps 139:13 +; sf. בִּטְנִי Jb 3:10 +; בִּטְנְךָ Dt 7:13 +; בִּטְנֵךְ Gn 25:23; בִּטְנוֹ Jb 15:2 +, etc.;—

1. a. belly, abdomen, of man Ju 3:21, 3:22 of woman Nu 5:21, 5:22, 5:27; as beautiful in form Ct 7:3; as seat of hunger Pr 13:25; as eating Ez 3:3 (‖מֵעִים); cf. Pr 18:20 (fig.); as seat of passion, avarice, etc. Jb 20:20, 20:23; in fig. of God's casting riches out of extortioner's belly Jb 20:15 (‖וַיְקִאֶנּוּ), cf. also Ps 17:14; fig. of innermost part of man = inmost soul Pr 18:8 = 26:22, 20:27, 20:30 (all חַדְרֵי ב׳); as seat of intell. faculties (= Eng. breast or bosom) 22:18 (cf. מֵעִים Ps 40:9) Jb 15:2, 15:35, 32:18, רוּחַ בִּטְנִי v:19; as trembling at theophany Hb 3:16. b. belly of hippopotamus Jb 40:16. c. בֶּטֶן שְׁאוֹל Jon 2:3 (Jonah's prayer: ‖מְחוּלָה בִּלְבַכ יַמִּים).

2. body, opp. soul Ps 31:10 (opp. נֶפֶשׁ), also 44:26 (opp. id.;—on this cf. Zim:Bp 71).

3. womb Gn 25:23, 25:24, 38:27 (all J) Ho 12:4, Jb 10:19 (‖רֶחֶם v:18) Ec 11:5, Jb 31:15 הֲלאֹ בַבֶּטֶן עשֵֹׁנִי עָשָָׂהוּ did not he that made me in the womb make him (‖וַיְכֻנֶנּוּ בָּרֶחֶם אֶחָד); cf. Ps 139:13 תְּסֻכֵּנִי בְּבֶטֶן, & Je 1:5; esp. פְּרִי ב׳ i.e. offspring Gn 30:2 (E) Ps 127:3, Is 13:18, Pr 31:2 בַּר בִּטְנִי = my son (‖בְּרִי) cf. בֶּן־בִּטְנָהּ Is 49:15; of birth יָחָא מִבֶּטֶן Jb 1:21, 3:11, Ec 5:14; בֶּטֶן alone = birth Ho 9:11 (‖לֵדָה, הֵרָיוֹן), cf. Fig. מִבֶּטֶן מִי יָחָא הַקָָּרַח Jb 38:29 out of whose womb came the ice ? cf. לאֹ סָגַר דַּלְתֵי בִּטְנִי Jb 3:10 i.e. of my (mother's) womb; גָּחָה מִבֶּטֶן take, draw out of the womb, subj. י׳ (i.e. cause to be born) Ps 22:10; פְּרִי בֶטֶןused also of father Mi 6:7, cf. Ps 132:11 (David as ancestor of Messian. King); Jb 19:17 בְּנֵי בִטְנִי sons of my body, of doubtful interpr., perh. = sons of my (mother's) womb, cf. 3:10 (Ges De), i.e. my brother or men of my clan RS:K 33 f., others my sons (Ew), my grandsons (Di); also in addressing Isr. As a whole (masc. sf.) Dt 7:13, 28:4, 28:11, 28:18, 28:53, 30:9, cf. מַחֲמַדֵּי בִטְנָם Ho 9:16 beloved ones of their womb; מִן־הַבֶּטֶן (מִבֶּטֶן) = from birth Ju 13:5, 13:7, Ps 58:4, 71:6, cf. also Is 44:2, 44:24, 46:3 (‖רָחַָם) 48:8, 49:1, 49:5; מִבֶּטֶן נִמִּי id. Ju 16:17, Jb 31:18, Ps 22:11 (‖רֶחֶם).

4. architectural word of some rounded projection connected with the two pillars Jachin & Boaz 1 K 7:20 (Klo rds. הבית).

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† II. בֶּ֫טֶן n.pr.loc. city in Asher Jos 19:25 (= depression, basin, vally ? cf. Ar. بَطْنُ Lane:220 col. 3) = Βατναί, called Βωθβετεν cf. Lag:Onom. 236, 2nd ed. 249; LXX Βαιθοκ LXXL Βετελ

II. בטן (asumed as √ of follwing; mng. unknown).

בָּטְנִים n.[m.]pl. pistachio, an oval nut (cf. As. buṭnu COT:Gloss & Schr:MBAK 1881, 419, Aram. בּוּטְנָא, ܒܶܛܡܬܳܐ, Ar. بُطْمُ; on Punic Βουτνούμ Blau:ZMG 1873, 527) = pistacia terebinthus Rob:BR i. 208, ii. 222, Post:PEF Oct. 1888, 218, No. 214 f; Tr. Vict. Inst. xxii. 271 etc. pist. vera Löw:No. 44); Gn 43:11 one of the articles carried from Canaan to Egypt by sons of Jacob as present to Joseph; still a delicacy in Egypt and Syria, cf.Wetzst in Löw:p.420.

בְּטֹנִים n.pr.loc. city of Gad, E. of Jordan Jos 13:26, mod. Baṭne, W. of Es-Salṭ (v. d. Velde:Memoir 298) = Βοτνία cf. Lag:Onom. 294, 2nd ed. 247.

† [בָּיַי, בַּי] vb. entreat (Ar. بَيَّ come as suppliant, entreat, still current in the Ḥauran: v. Wetzst in De:Jb 34:36), of which (prob.) אָבִי Jb 34:36 is 1 s. impf. (used dialectically): אָבִי יִבְּחֵן אִיּוֹב would that (lit. I entreat that) Job were tried!

בִּי part. of entreaty, craving permission to address a superior, always foll. By אֲדֹנִי (or אֲדֹנָי), and always (exc. Jos 7:8) at the beginning of a speech, I pray, excuse me—(not improb. from √ ביי; so that בִּי אֲדֹנִי will be literally a supplication of (i.e. to my lord! cf. Wetzst l.c., who compares the Ar. دَخَلَ سَيِّدِي lit. a prayer to my lord! a standing formula = Pray, excuse me, used exactly as בֹּי אֲדֹנִי. Acc. to other contr. From בְּעִי, from בָּעָה to ask, and so lit. a petition! cf. Aram. בְּבָעוּ, ܒܒܳܥܽܘ (e.g. Gn 19:18 Targum, Nu 12:13 SyrVer); but ע is not often elided in Heb.)—Gn 44:18 בִּי אֲדֹנִי יְדַבֶּר־נָא I pray, my lord, let thy servant speak, etc.; so Nu 12:11, Ju 6:13, 1 S 1:26, 1 K 3:17, 3:26, and foll. by a pl. subj. Gn 43:20 יָרֹד יָרַדְנוּ בִּי א׳ Oh, my lord, we came down, etc.; בִּי אֲדֹנָי (to God) Ex 4:10, 4:13, Jos 7:8, Ju 6:15, 13:8 (LXX in Pent. and Jos. δέομαι, δεόμεθα: in other books absurdly ἐν ἐμοί).

בִּין vb. discern (Nö:ZMG 1883, 592 f.; Ar. بَانَ become separated, be distinct, IV. speak perspicuously; Eth. bayana: 1. 2 consider, perceive, Aram. ܒܰܝܶܢ make to understand, cf. Sab. בין (the) wise, as epith., Mordt:ZMG 1876, 37)—Qal Pf. בִּין Dn 10:1; בַּנְתָּה Ps 139:2; בִּינֹתִי Dn 9:2; Impf. יָבִין Ps 19:13 + 25 t. וְיָבֵן Je 9:11 + 2 t., וַיָּבֶן 1 S 3:8 + 2 t.; אָבִינָה Ps 73:17 + 4 t.; יָבִינוּ Pr 28:5 + 12 t.; Imv. בִּין Dn 9:23; בִּינָה Ps 5:2; בִּינוּ Dt 32:7 + 2 t.; Inf. abs. בִּין Pr 23:1; Pt. בָּנִים Je 49:7; —

1. perceive (with the senses);—a. eyes, acc. Pr 7:7, with לְ Jb 9:11, 14:21, 23:8, Pr 14:15. b. ears, acc. Pr. 29:19, with לְ Jb 13:1. c. touch, acc. Ps 58:10. d. taste, acc, Jb 6:30.

2. understand, know (with mind):—a. abs. Jb 18:2, 38:20, 42:3, Ps 49:21, 82:5, Pr 24:12, Is 6:9, 6:10, 44:18, Dn 12:10, Ho 4:14, 14:10; שׁמעתי ולא אבין I heard but I could not understand Dn 12:8. b. acc. Jb 15:9, 23:5, 36:29, Pr 2:5, 2:9, 20:24, 28:5, Ps 19:13, 92:7, Je 9:11; יבין משׁפט Jb 32:9, Pr 28:5; יבין דעת Pr 29:7. c. with בִּי 1 S 3:8, 2 S 12:19, Is 43:10. d. with inf. & לְ, יבין לָדָֽעַת Is 32:4

3. observe, mark, give heed to, distinguish, consider (with attention):—a. acc. Dt 32:7, Ps 5:2, 50:22, 94:7, 94:8, Pr 23:1, 21:29 (Qr) Dn 9:2, 10:1. b. with לְ, Ps 73:17 139:2 Dt 32:29. c. with בְּ, Ezr 8:15, Ne 13:7, Dn 9:23. d. with אל, Ps 28:5. e. with עַל, Dn 11:30, 11:37.

4. have discernment, insight, understanding Je 49:7. Niph. נְבֻנוֹתִי Is 10:12; Pt. נָבוֹן Gn 41:33 + 15 t.; pl. נְבוֹנִים Je 4:22, elsewhere נְבֹנִים Dt 1:13, Is 5:22 (Baer) Ec 9:11; נְבֹנָיו Is 29:14; be intelligent, discreet, discerning, have understanding 1 S 16:18, Pr 1:5, 10:13, 14:6, 16:21, 17:28, 19:25, Ec 9:11, Is 3:3, 5:21, 10:13, 29:14, Je 4:22, Ho 14:10; לֵב נָבוֹן intelligent mind Pr 14:33, 15:14, 18:15; נָבוֹן וְחָכָם Gn 41:33, 41:39; חכם ונבון Dt 4:6, 1 K 3:12; חכמים ונבנים Dt 1:13. Po. יְבוֹנְַנֵהוּ he attentively considereth him Dt 32:10. Hiph Pf. הֵבִין Jb 28:33 + 5 t.; Impf. יָבִין Is 28:9 + 4 t.; וַיָּבֶן 2 Ch 11:23, Dn 9:22; Inf. הָבִין Ps 32:9 + 9 t.; Imv. הָבֵן Dn 8:16 + 12 t.; Pt. מֵבִין Pr 28:7 + 26 t.;—1. understand:a. abs. Is 29:16, 40:21, 56:11, 1 K 3:11, Ps 32:9, Dn 8:17, 10:12. b. acc. 1 Ch 28:9, Jb 28:23, Pr 1:2, 1:6, 8:5, 14:8, Is 28:19, Dn 8:23, Mi 4:12; מֵבִין one with understanding Pr 8:9, 17:10, 17:24, 28:2, 28:7, 28:11; מְבִינֵי מַדָּע Dn 1:4; able to understand (i.e. old enough) Ne 8:3, 10:29, cf. 8:2 (sq. לִשׁמֹעַ). 2. give heed to, attend to, observe, discern, abs. Is 57:1, 2 Ch 11:23, Dn 8:5; c. בְּ Ne 8:12, Dn 9:23, 10:11; מֵבִין בְּ skilled in 2 Ch 26:5 34:12; c. אֶל Ps 33:15; בין טוב לרע 1 K 3:9. 3 give understanding make understand, teach:a. abs. Dn 8:27, 9:22. b. with acc. pers. Ps 119:34, 119:73, 119:125, 119:130, 119:144, 119:169, Jb 32:8, Ne 8:7, 8:9, Is 40:14. c. with לְ pers. 2 Ch 35:3, Dn 11:33; with לְ pers. & acc. rei Jb 6:24, Dn 8:16. d. בְּ rei Ne 8:8, + acc. pers. Dn 1:17. e. double acc. Is 28:9, Ps 119:27, Dn 10:14; מֵבִין teacher 1 Ch 15:22, 25:7, 25:8, 27:32, Ezr 8:16. Hithp. Pf. הִתְבּוֹנָ֑ן Is 1:3 + 6 t.; Impf. אֶתְבּוֹנֵן Jb 23:15 + 3 t.; אֶתְבּוֹנָ֑ן Jb 32:12 + 5 t.; יִתְבּוֹנְנוּ Ps 107:43 + 2 t.; יִתְבּוֹנָ֑נוּ Is 14:16, 43:18. 1. shew oneself attentive, consider diligently:a. abs. Jb 11:11, 23:15, Is 1:3, Je 2:10, 9:16. b. acc. Jb 37:14, Ps 107:43, 119:95, Is 43:18, 52:15. c. with אֶל 1 K 3:21, Is 14:16. d. with עַל Jb 31:1, Ps 37:10 e. with עד Jb 32:12, 38:18. f. with בְּ Jb 30:20, Je 23:20 (= 30:24). 2. get understanding, understand Jb 26:14, Ps 119:104. 3. shew oneself to have understanding Ps 119:100

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בּוּנָה n.pr.m. (intelligence = Palm. n.pr. בונא Vog:No. 3) a man of Judah 1 Ch 2:25.

[בַּ֫יִן] subst. prop. interval, space between (بَيْنَ id.)—cstr. בֵּין once Is 44:4 (Baer) בֵּן, בֵּינִי, בֵּֽינְךָ, בֵינֵח, בֵּינוֹ (בֵּינָיוJos 3:4, 8:11 Qr); with pl. sf. in pl. form בֵּינֵינוּ (בֵּנֵינוּ), etc.; also בֵּינוֹת † Ez 10:2, 10:2, 10:6, 10:6, 10:7, 10:7 (+ 1:13 LXX Hi Ew etc. for דְּמוּת), בֵּינוֹתֵינוּGn 26:28, Jos 22:34, Ju 11:10, בֵּינוֹתָםGn 42:23, 2 S 21:7, Je 25:16; dual בֵּנַיִם (v. infr.);—

1. always (exc. dual) as prep. in the interval of, between (so Aram. בֵּין, & pl. בֵּינֵי, ܒܰܝܢܰܝ, ܒܰܝܢܳܬ; babiynot:), as Gn 15:17 בֵּין הַגְּזָרִים between the pieces, Ex 13:9 al. בֵּין עֵינֶיךָ between thy eyes (v. עַיִן), Is 22:11 al. between the two walls (v. חוֹמָה), Jb 24:11, 30:7, 40:30 part him between merchants; rather more gen. among Ho 13:15, Ct 2:2, 2:3, Ez 19:2, 31:3, Jb 34:37; less exactly within Pr 26:13 a lion is בֵּין הָֽרְחֹבוֹת within the board places (cf. 23:13 בְּתוֹח): once with a sing. (unusual) Dn 8:16 בֵּין אוּלַי between the Ulai, i.e. between its banks. When the space separating two distinct objects is to be indicated, this is done a. most commonly by repeating בין, as Gn 13:3 בֵּין בֵּיתְאֵל וּבֵין הָעָָי lit. in the interval of Bethel, and in the interval of ï‘Ai, i.e. between Bethel and ï‘Ai, 16:14, 17:7, 31:50, 31:51 + oft. b. more rarely by …בֵּין לְ, Gn 1:6 dividing בֵּין מַיִם לָמָָיִם lit. in the interval of waters with reference to waters, i.e. between the waters and the waters, Lv 20:25, 27:33, Dt 17:8, 17:8, 17:8, 2 S 19:36, 1 K 3:9, Ez 41:18, 42:20, 44:23, 44:23, Jon 4:11, Mal 3:18, 3:18, 2 Ch 14:10. c. by וּלְ…בֵּין Jo 2:17. d. by לְבֵין…בֵּין Is 59:2. בֵּין is used not only of actual locality, but also with verbs of dividing (fig.) Gn 1:14, Lv 10:10, and of judging, knowing, teaching, etc., if the idea of distinguishing be involved, as Gn 16:5, 2 S 19:36 הַאֵדַע בֵּין טוֹב לְרָע can I discern between good and evil ? 1 K 3:9, Jon 4:11; Gn 31:49 (watch between), Ju 11:10 (hear), Jos 22:27 (witness), Is 2:4 and he shall judge (arbitrate) between the nations, 5:3; Lv 27:33, Ez 44:23; Mal 3:18, 2 Ch 14:10 (see RV); and in other metaph. applications, as of a covenant or sign between two contracting parties, Gn 9:12, 9:15, Ex 31:13 +; or an oath Gn 26:28, 2 S 21:7; enmity or strife Gn 3:15, 13:7, Dt 25:1, Pr 6:19; peace 1 K 5:26; good-will Pr 14:9.—It is used of time in the phrase of P בֵּין הָעַרְבַּיִם (v. sub עֶרֶב), & Ne 5:18 בֵּין עֲשֶׂרֶת יָמִים during the interval of ten days, i.e. every ten days (unusual).

With other prepositions:—a.אֶל־בֵּין, after a verb implying motion, in between, in among Ez 31:10, 31:14. So אֶל־בֵּינוֹת לְ † ib. 10:2. b.בְּבֵן Is 44:4 in the midst of, amongst (LXX Ew Di Che כְּבֵין מַיִם חָחִיר). c.עַל־בֵּין nearly as אֶל־בֵּין Ez 19:11 d.מִבֵּין from between: Gn 49:10 nor the ruler's staff מִבֵּין רַגְלָיו from between his feet (where, as the king sits in state, he holds it), Ex 25:22 from between the cherubim (so Nu 7:89), Ho 2:4, Zc 6:1, 9:7, Dt 28:57 the after-birth הַיּוֹחֵת מִבֵּין רַגְלֶיהָ that cometh forth from between her feet, i.e. from her womb (cf. Il. 19. 10 πεσεῖν μετὰ ποσσὶ γυναικός) Repeated 2 K 16:14 to specify the two objects from between which a thing is moved. Ez 47:18 is difficult and uncertain: v. Comm. Less precisely from, the midst of: Nu 17:2 מִבֵּין הַשְּׂרֵפָה out of the midst of the burning, Ps 104:12 מִבֵּין עֳפָאִים from amongst the branches they utter their song, Je 48:45 and a flame מִבֵּין סִיחוֹן from the midst of Sihon (Sihon representing his people: but expression is singular; rd. perh. מִבֵּית ס׳, cf. Nu 21:28 מִקִּרְיַת ס׳: ‖ in both passages מֵחֶשְׁבּוֹן) , Ez 37:21. e.מִבֵּינוֹת לְ from between Ez 10:2, 10:6, 10:6, 10:7.

2.Dual בֵּנַ֫יִם space between two armies (= Gk. μεταίχμιον), 1 S 17:4, 17:23 אִישׁ הַבֵּנַיִם man of the μεταίχμιον, i.e. champion (of Goliath).

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בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין (Nö:M 194 f.; Syr. ܒܶܝܬ oft., PS:470) prep. between Ez 41:9 b (to be joined with v:10; see RVm), unless indeed a mere error for בֵּין (which Ez oft. uses); also Pr 8:2 acc. To LXX (ἀνὰ μέσον) Targum Vulgate Hi Ew:§217 g; and Jb 8:17 acc. to LXX Ew Di:1 (Di:2 undecided).

בִּינָה n.f. understanding 1 Ch 12:32 + 28 t.; cstr. בִּינַת Pr 30:2, Is 29:14; sf. בִּינָתִי Jb 20:3 + 4 t.; pl. בִּינוֹת Is 27:11; —

1. the act Is 33:19, Je 23:20, Dn 1:20, 8:15, 9:22, 10:1.

2. the faculty Jb 20:3, 39:26, Pr 3:5, 23:4, 30:2, Is 27:11; קנה בינה get understanding Pr 4:5, 4:7, 16:16.

3. the object of knowledge Dt 4:6, 1 Ch 22:12, Jb 28:12, 28:20, 28:28, 34:16, 38:36, 39:17, Pr 9:6, 9:10, 23:23, Is 11:2, 29:14; יָדַע בִינָה 1 Ch 12:32, 2 Ch 2:11, 2:12, Jb 38:4, Pr 1:2, 4:1, Is 29:24.

4. personified Pr 2:8, 7:4, 8:14.

יָבִין n.pr.m. (one who is intelligent, discerning) two Canaanite kings of Hazor;—

1. Jos 11:1.

2. Ju 4:2, 4:7, 4:17, 4:23, 4:24, 4:24, Ps 83:10. (But cf. Be Ju 4:2 Bu:RS 66 ff.)

מבונים 2 Ch 35:3 Kt; rd. מבינים (Qr) & v. sub בין Hiph. p.107

תְּבוּנָה n.f. understanding Dt 32:28 + 27 t.; sf. תְּבוּנָתִי Pr 5:1 + 7 t.; תובנתו Jb 26:12 Kt (Qr תְּבוּנָתוֹ); תְּבוּנָם Ho 13:2 for תְּבוּנָתָם v. De Ps 27:5; תְּבוּנָוֹת Ps 49:4 + 4t.; תְּבוּנוֹתֵיכֶם Jb 32:11; —

1. the act Jb 26:12, Ps 78:72, 136:5, Pr 3:19, 21:30, 24:3, Je 10:12 (= 51:15) Ez 28:4, Ho 13:2, Ob:7.

2. the faculty Ex 31:3, 35:31, 36:1 (P) Dt 32:28 (poet.) Jb 12:12, 12:13, Pr 2:6, 2:11, 28:16, Is 44:19; אִישׁ תְּבוּנָה Pr 10:23, 15:21, 17:27, 20:5; אִישׁ תְּבוּנוֹת Pr 11:12 (= Ob:8 where אישׁ omitted by scribal error); דֶּרֶח תְּבוּנָה Is 40:14.

3. the object of knowledge Pr 2:3, 3:13, 5:1, 14:29, 18:2, 19:8, Ps 49:4, 147:5, Is 40:28, 1 K 5:9, 7:14; תטה לבך לתבונה incline thy mind to understanding Pr 2:2; reasons Jb 32:11.

4. personified Pr 8:1 as teacher.

תְּבוּנָם, תובנתו v. sub תְּבוּנָה. above

בֵּיחָה v. sub בזץ p.101

בַּיִר v. sub באר p. 92

בִּירָה n.f. castle, palace (late & prob. loan-word; cf. As bîrtu, fortress Dl:HA 22; Pers. bâru = Skr. bura, bari, v. Ry Ne 2:8)—

1. of temple at Jerusalem 1 Ch 29:1, 29:19 הַבִּירָת; of for-tress near temple Ne 2:8, 7:2 (cf. βᾶρις LXXL Ne 1:1, 2:8, 7:2—B ἁβιρά, βειρά—and later βᾶρις Jos:Ant. xv. 11, 4).

2. בְּשׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה Ne 1:1, Est 1:2, 1:5, 2:3, 2:5, 2:8, 3:15, 8:14, 9:6, 9:11, 9:12, Dn 8:2; in these passages it appar. means a fortress in the city bearing the same name (cf. esp. Est 3:15, 8:14, 8:15, 9:6, 9:12, 9:15, 9:18).

† [בִּירָנִית] n.f. fortress, fortified place (late); only pl. abs. בִּירָנִיּוֹת וְעָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת 2 Ch 17:12 built by Jehoshaphat; וּמִגְדָּלִים בּ׳ 27:4 built by Jotham.

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בַּ֫יִת:2034 n.m.:Dt 8:12 house (Ph. בת, MI. בת, sf. ביתה, Ar.بَيْتُ, Aram. בַּיְתָא, ܒܰܝܬܳܐ As. bîtu, COT:Gloss, Sab. בית, בת, fortress DHM:ZMG 1883, 387; temple Hal:257 DHM:ZMG 1876, 697, Eth. bet: Palm. in בת עלמא, בת מקברתא sepulchre Vog:32, 64 al.; etym. dub.; Thes √ בות, Aram. בּוּת, ܒܳܬ spend the night, Ar. بَاتَ Eth. beta: but this perh. denom., & בית fr. √ ר“ל c. ת afform. cf. Sta:§187 a)—abs. בַּיִת Ex 12:30 +; בָָּיִת Gn 33:17 +; בַּ֫יְתָה (הָ loc.) Ps 68:7 +; cstr. בֵּית Gn 12:15 +; sf. בֵּיתִי Gn 15:2 +; בֵּיתְךָ Gn 7:1 + , etc.; הַבַּ֫יְתָה, בַּיְתָה (in) to the house, homeward, Gn 19:10, Ps 68:7 +; also בֵּ֫יתָה (in)to the house of …; pl. בָּֽתִּים Ex 1:21 + (i.e. bâttîm, v. Nö in Me:Arch. i. 456 f., cf. Ges:§ 96); cstr. בָּֽתֵּי Ex 8:17 +; sf. בָּתֶּיךָ Ex 10:6; בָּֽתָּיו 1 Ch 28:11; בָּֽתֵּינוּ Ex 12:27 +; בָּֽתֵּיכֶם Gn 42:19; בָּתֵּיהֶם Nu 16:32 +; (בָּֽתֵּ֫ימוֹ Ps 49:12), etc.;—

1. house, a. as dwelling habitation Gn 19:2, 19:3, 19:4, 19:11, 27:15, 33:17 (obj. of בָּנָה) Ex 12:7 + oft.; מוֹשַׁב בּ׳ Lv 25:29 (cf. בַּיִת לְשִׁבְתִּי 2 S 7:5); בֵּית = in the house of, when modifying word follows, cf. Dr:Sm 29, n. 2 (after st. cstr. מוֹלֶדֶת בַּיִת אוֹ מוֹלֶדֶת חוּץ Lv 19:9); e.g. אָבִיךָ בּ׳ Gn 24:23; אִישָׁהּ בּ׳ Nu 30:11 יהוה בּ׳ 2 K 23:24; so in n.pr. ביתאל Am 7:13; בַּ֫יְתָה(ה) into the house, home Ex 9:19 (of man & beast) cf., Ju 19:18, 1 S 6:7 (cf. v:10) 1 K 13:7, 13:15, Ps 68:7, Is 14:17 etc.; cf. sub 7 infr.; partic (α) in J occasionally of tent Gn 27:15 cf. 33:17 (c. בנה; here of nomad's hut); usually (β ) house of solid materials, with doorposts, etc. Ex 12:7, Dt 6:9, 11:20, walls Lv 14:37, 14:39, of stones, timber & mortar v:45 (cf. v:40, v:42, v:43); so also Jos 2:15; supported by pillars Ju 16:26 f.; with roof on which one could walk 2 S 11:12 etc.; v. esp. temple and king's house in Jerusalem 1 K 5–7 etc.; cf. Ct 1:7; Je 22:14; of Ezekiel's temple Ez 4o f.; בָּֽתֵּכֶם סְפוּנִים of luxurious houses Hg 1:4; בנה בָּֽתִּים טֹבִים Dt 8:12; בּנה בַּיִת־חָדָשׁ Dt 20:5 cf. 22:8; also c. בנה Dt 28:30 + oft.; (γ) cstr. before word of material, אֲרָזִים בּ׳ 2 S 7:2, 7:7 = 1 Ch 17:1 (הַא׳ בּ׳) v:6; הַשֵּׁן בּ׳ 1 K 22:39 cf. Am 3:15; גָּזִית בּ׳ house of hewn stone Am 5:11; cf. בֵּית יַעַר הַלְּבָנוֹן 1 K 7:2, 2 Ch 9:20, בֵּית הַיַּעַר Is 22:8; (δ) also before word of quality or characteristic, בֵּית אֵבֶל Ec 7:2מִשְׁתֶּה בּ׳ v:4שִׂמְחָה בּ׳; מַרְזֵחַ בּ׳ Je 16:5; מִשְׁתֶּה בּ׳ Je 16:8; בָּֽתֵּי חֶמְדָּתֵךְ Ez 26:12; בֵּית תַּעֲנֻגֶי֑הָ Mi 2:9; cf. מְרִי בּ׳ rebellious house sub 5. d infr.; (ε) in combinations, of structures for various purposes:—(1) בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ = palace 1 K 9:1, 9:10, 10:12 +, etc.; בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Am 7:13 cf. sub

2. infr.; הַמַּלְכוּת בּ׳ Est 5:1 cf. 2:16; לְמַלְכוּתוֹ בּ׳ 2 Ch 1:18; (2) בֵּית הַסֹּהַר = the prison Gn 39:20, 39:20, 39:21, 39:22, 39; 22, 39:23, 40:3, 40:5; cf. מִשְׁמַרְכֶם בּ׳ Gn 42:19; מִשְׁמֶרֶת בּ׳ 2 S 20:3; בּ׳ הָאָסוּר Je 37:15; הָאֲסיּרים בּ׳ Ju 16:21; 16:25; הָסַוּרִים בּ׳ Ec 4:14; הַכֶּלֶא בּ׳ 1 K 22:27, 2 K 17:4, 2 Ch 18:26, Je 37:15, 37:18 cf. Is 42:7; כֶּלֶא בּ׳ 2 K 25:27; הַמַּהְפֶּכֶת בּ׳ 2 Ch 16:10; הַכְּליּ֯א בּ׳ Je 37:4 52:31; בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים Is 42:22; בֵּית־הַבּוֹר Je 37:16; הַפְּקֻדּוֹת בּ׳ Je 52:31; (3) בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים house of the women, harem Est 2:9, 2:11, 2:13, 2:14; (4) מִשְׁתֵּה הַיַּיִן בּ׳ Est 7:8; הַיָּ֑יִן בּ׳ Ct 2:4; cf. בָּֽתֵּי מָשׂוֹשׂ Is 32:13; (5) בֵּית הַחֹרֶף Am 3:15, Je 36:22; הַקָָּיִץ בּ׳ Am 3:15; (6) בֵּית נְכֹתֹה & בֵּית כֵּלָיו 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:2; (7) בֵּית הַגָּן garden-h. (or n. pr.? cf. p. III) 2 K 9:27; (8) בֵּית־עֵקֶד binding-h. (or n. pr. ?) 2 K 10:12, 10:14; (9) בֵּיתעֲבָדִים h. of slaves (where slaves live), only fig. of Egypt Ex 13:3, 13:14, 20:2, Dt 5:6, 6:12, 7:8, 8:14, 13:6, 13:11, Jos 24:17, Ju 6:8, Mi 6:4, Je 34:13; —on הַחָפְשִׁית בּ׳ 2 K 15:5 = 2 Ch 26:21 cf. חפשׁית; esp. (10) בֵּית י׳ = temple 1 K 7:12, 7:40, 7:45, 7:51 & very oft.; also (mostly late) בֵּית הָאֱלֽהִים 1 Ch 9:11, 9:13, 9:26 + oft.; but also of earlier tent of worship Ju 18:31; v. also הָאֹהֶל בּ׳ 1 Ch 9:23, cf. אֱלֽהִים בּ׳ of local shrine 17:5; & also in mouth of Jacob, as explanation of name of Bethel Gn 28:17 (cf. v:19), & as name of stone, or THE FOLLOWING C CEDILLA'S ARE CLOSE, BUT NOT THE EXACT CHARACTER, WHICH LOOKS MORE LIKE A RIGHT CURLY QUOTE UNDER THE C - SEE PAGE 109Maççeba v:22 = (all E); also י׳ ב׳ of earlier tent of worship Ju 19:18, 1 S 1:7, 1:24, 2 S 12:20 (cf. further אֱלֽהִים, יהוה); הָאוֹחָד בּ׳ Mal 3:10; cf. הֵיכַל הַבַּיִת 1 K 6:3, & בּ׳ alone in same sense, esp. 1 K 6 cf. 2 Ch 1:18, 2:3, 2:11 +; v. 1 Ch 28:2 מְנוּחָה לַאֲרוֹן בְּרִית־י׳ בּ׳ וְלַהֲדֹם רַגְלֵי אֱלֽהֵינוּ; also בֵּית הַקֹּדֶשׁ 29:3; קֹדֶשׁ בּ׳ הַקֳּדָשִׁים 2 Ch 3:8, 3:10 קָדְשֵׁנוּ וְתִפְאַרְתֵּנוּ בּ׳ Is 64:10; בֵּית־זְבֻל 2 Ch 6:2; בֵּית זָ֑בַח 2 Ch 7:12 בֵּית מִקְדָּשָׁם 2 Ch 36:17; תְּפִלָּה בּ׳ Is 56:7, 56:7; תִּפְאַרְתִּי בּ׳ 60:7; also of heathen temples בַּעַל־בְּרִית ב׳ Ju 9:4; ־דָּגוֹןב׳ 1 S 5:5 עַשְׁתָּרוֹת ב׳ 1 S 31:10; רִמּוֹן ב׳ 2 K 5:18, 5:18, 5:18; הַבַּעַל ב׳ 2 K 10:21, 10:21, 10:23, 10:25, 10:26, 10:27, 11:18; עֲחַבֵּיהֶם בּ׳ 1 S 31:9 (but rd. rather את־עחביהם as in ‖ 1 Ch 10:9 so LXX We Dr); בֵּית בָּמוֹת 1 K 12:31 (cf. MI בת במת) v. also 13:32, 2 K 17:29, 17:32; בֵּית אוֹחַר אֱלֽהָיו Dn 1:2 etc.; made of woven material 2 K 23:7; אֲשֶׁר הַנָּשִׁים אֹרְגוֹת שָׁם בָּֽתִּים לָאֲשֵׁרָה perh. = tent-shrines but txt. dub. LXX χεττιεῖν (כתנות ?); LXXL στολάς; cf. Ew:H iii.718 & Klo; (ζ) of portion of larger building (late), so pl. בָּֽתָּיו 1 Ch 28:11 i.e. of the temple (‖גַּנְזַכָּיו, עֲלִיֹּתָיו, חֲדָרָיו); cf. הַכַּפֹּרֶת בּ׳ ib.; הַמְַבַשְּׁלִים בּ׳ Ez 46:24. b. as shelter or abode of animals 1 S 6:7, 6:10 cf. Ex 9:19; בֵּית עַכָּבִישׁ Jb 8:14 spider's web (cf. בָּנָה כָעָשׁ בֵּיתוֹ 27:18); of wild ass Jb 39:6 שַׂמְתִּי עֲרָבָה בֵיתוֹ; חִפּוֹר מָֽחְאָה בַּיִת Ps 84:4 (‖קֵן); חֲסִידָה בְּרוֹשִׁים בֵּיתָהּ Ps 104:17 (cf. ‖ & Che); Pr 30:26 (of the שְׁפַנִּים ‘ conies ’). c. fig. of human bodies בָּֽתֵּי־חֹמֶר Jb 4:19 houses of clay, cf. in phr. שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת Ec 12:3 keepers of the house, i.e. the arms; v. further בֵּית מְגוּרָָי Ps 119:54. d. of shₑ’ôl, שְׁאוֹל בֵּיתִי Jb 17:13, cf. בֵּית מוֹעֵד לְכָל־חָָי 30:23 (‖מָוֶת); בֵּית עוֹלָמוֹ Ec 12:5 (perh. = tomb, v. De). e. of abode of light & darkness Jb 38:20. f. of land of Ephraim as יהוה בּ׳ Ho 8:1, 9:15 (cf. אֶרֶץ י׳ 9:3). 2. place, of Jerusalem בֵּית קִבְרוֹת אֲבֹתַי Ne 2:3 (‖עִיר v:5), cf. also n.pr. cpd. with בֵּית, infr., & בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Am 7:13 (pred. of Bethel); בֵּית נְתִיבוֹת Pr 8:2 i.e. where paths meet RV; אֲבָנִים בּ׳ Jb 8:17; on both these v. בֵּית sub [בַּיִן] בֵּין p. 108. †

3. receptacle, תְּעָלָה כְּבֵית סָאתַיִם 1 K 18:32 a trench like a receptacle of two seahs; בָּֽתֵּי נֶפֶשׁ Is 3:20 i.e. vials of perfume; esp. בָּֽתִּים לְבַדִּים Ex 25:27 holders for the staves, i.e. rings, טַבָּעֹת ib.; so 37:14, 37:27, 38:5; cf. בָּֽתִּים לַבְּרִיחִם 26:29, 36:34 holders for the bars (all P, & all expl. by טבעת); בֵּית־לָהּ סָבִיב Ez 1:27 (si vera l.) its [cstr. as Ps 58:5] house (= enclosing cage) was round about (del. BHiCo).

4. of house as containing a family, hence in phr. of slaves belonging to household יְלִידֵי בֵיתוֹ Gn 14:14 cf. 17:12 (opp. מִקְנַת־כֶּסֶף) v:13 (all ‖ id.) fig. of Israel Je 2:14 (‖עֶבֶד); cf. בֶּן־בֵּיתִי Gn 15:3; בְּנֵי־בַיִת הָיָה לִי Ec 2:7 (as token of wealth & prosperity); also of one's sister מוֹלֶדֶת בַּיִת Lv 18:19 (‖חוּץ מ׳ cf. infr.); אַנְשֵׁי בֵיתוֹ Gn 17:27; נַפְשׁוֹת בּ׳ Gn 36:6; כָּל־הַנֶּפֶשׁ לְבֵית־יַעֲקֹב Gn 46:27. Hence

5. household, family (592 t.) a. ordinary sense, those belonging to the same household Gn 7:1, 12:1, 12:17 +, Dt 6:22, 11:6 +; Hex mostly JD; E Gn 35:2, 42:33, 50:22 cf. Ex 1:21 infr.; P Gn 36:6, Ex 1:1, 12:4, Lv 16:6, 16:11, 16:17, Nu 16:32, 18:31, Jos 22:15; even where expressly said to inhabit tents Nu 16:32, Dt 11:6 אֶת־בָּֽתֵּיהֶם וְאֶת־אָהֳלֵיהֶם; specif. זְקַן־בּ׳ Gn 24:2 cf. 50:7 (of rank & dignity in household); of a family of handicraftsmen מִשְׁפְּחוֹת בֵּית־עֲבֹדַת הַבֻּץ 1 Ch 4:21 (v. בוץ); also, with fig. of house clearly in mind מִשְׁקֹלֶת בּ׳ 2 K 21:13; מַפְתֵּחַ בּ׳ Is 22:22. b. family of descendants, descendants as organized body Gn 18:19 (J ‖בָּנִים) +, & so c. בָּנָה (q.v.) אחיו יִבְנֶה בּ׳ Dt 25:9 cf. Ru 4:11 &, subj. י׳, לְ בָּנָה בּ׳ 2 S 7:27 = 1 Ch 17:10, 17:25; also 1 S 2:35, 1 K 11:38 (both נֶאֱמָן בּ׳), so לְ עשׂה בּ׳ 2 S 7:11, 1 K 2:24; also pl. וַיַּעַשׂ לָהֶם בָּֽתִּים Ex 1:21; נֶאֱמָן לְ עשׂה ב׳ 1 S 25:28; cf. esp. c. n.pr., eg. c.בֵּית שָׁאוּל 2 S 3:1, 3:1, 3:6, 3:6, 3:8, 3:10, 9:1, 9:2, 9:3, 9:9, 16:5 (שׁ׳ משׁפחת בּ׳) v:8, 19:18 (cf. 21:1 where rd. וְאֶל־ בֵּיתֹה דָמִים so LXX We Dr) 1 Ch 12:29; † בֵּית דָּוִד 2 S 3:1, 3:6, 7:26 = 1 Ch 17:24 (cf. context in both), 1 K 12:19 = 2 Ch 10:19, v:20, v:26, 13:2, 14:8, 2 K 17:21, Is 7:2, 7:13, 22:22, Je 21:12, Zc 12:7, 12:8, 12:10, 12:12 (דּ׳ משׁפחת בּ׳) 2 Ch 21:7, Ps 122:5; †יָרָבְעָם בּ׳ 1 K 13:34, 14:10, 14:10, 14:13, 14:14, 15:29, 16:3, 21:22, 2 K 9:9, 13:6; †אַחְאָב בּ׳ 2 K 8:18, 8:27, 8:27, 8:27 (of Ahaziah א׳ חֲתַן בּ׳), 9:7, 9:8, 9:9, 10:10, 10:11, 21:13, Mi 6:16, 2 Ch 21:6, 21:13, 22:3, 22:4, 22:7, 22:8; etc. d. esp. of Hebrew people & subdivisions: (α) † בֵּית יִשְׂחָָק Am 7:16; (β) † עֵשָׂו בּ׳ Ob:18, Ob:18; (γ) † בֵּית יַעֲקֹב Gn 46:27 (P) Ex 19:3 (E) Am 3:13, 9:8, Mi 2:7, 3:9, Ob:17, Ob:18, Is 8:17, 10:20, 14:1, 29:22, 46:3, 48:1, 58:1, Je 2:4, 5:20, Ps 114:1; also יעקב זֶרַע בּ׳ Ez 20:5 (del. Co); most frequently (δ) בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל (Vrss & var. sometimes בני v. בֵּן) †Hex Ex 16:31, 40:38, Lv 10:6, Nu 20:29 (all P) Lv 17:3, 17:8, 17:10, 22:18 (H) Jos 21:43 (D) †; 1 S 7:2 + 8 t. S K; Ho 1:4, 1:6, 5:1, 6:10, 12:1; Am 5:1 + 7 t. Am; † Mi 1:5, 3:1, 3:9, Is 5:7, 14:2, also 46:3, 63:7, Zc 8:13 †; but esp. Je 2:4, 2:26 + 17 t. Je; Ez 3:1, 3:4, 3:5, 3:7, 3:7, 3:17 + 75 t. Ez; also יִשְׂרָאֵל זֶרַע בּ׳ Je 23:8, Ez 44:22 (Co del. בּ׳); † שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשְׂרָאֵל Is 8:14; בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וִיהוּדָה Ez 9:9 + 25:8 Co; futher בֵּית מְרִי rebellious house (of Isr.) Ez 2:5, 2:6, 3:9, 3:26, 3:27, 12:2, 12:3, & הַמֶָּרִי בּ׳ Ez 2:8, 12:2, 12:9, 12:25, 17:12, 24:3 [+ 44:6 Co]; (ε) בֵּית יְהוּדָה 2 S 2:4, 2:7, 2:10, 2:11, 1 K 12:21 = 2 Ch 11:1, 2 K 19:30 = Is 37:31, Is 22:21, Ho 1:7, 5:12, 5:14, Zp 2:7, Zc 8:13, 8:15, 8:19, 10:3, 10:6, 12:4, & esp. Je 3:18 + 9 t. Je; Ez 4:6 + 4 t. Ez + 9:9 supr.; also † יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִן בּ׳ 1 K 12:23; † מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה בּ׳ Je 21:11, 22:6; (ζ) † יוֹסֵף בּ׳ Gn 50:8, Jos 17:17, 18:5 (all JE) Ju 1:22, 1:23, 1:35, 2 S 19:21, 1 K 11:28, Am 5:6, Ob:18, Zc 10:6; (η) † אֶפְרַיִם בּ׳ Ju 10:9; (θ) בִּנְיָמִן בּ׳ 2 S 3:19 cf. 1 K 12:23 supr.; (ι) † יִשָּׂשכָר בּ׳ 1 K 15:27; (κ) † לֵוִי בּ׳ Ex 2:1 (E) Nu 17:23 (P) Zc 12:13 (ל׳ משׁפחת ב׳), Ps 135:20; & (λ) אַהֲרֹן בּ׳ Ps 115:10, 115:12, 118:3, 135:19. e. technically, yet with some looseness of usage, בֵּית אָב father's house, of family or clan, pl. בֵּית אָבוֹת father-houses, families (e.g. Nu 1:2) (79 t.; only P & Chr) Ex 6:14, 12:3, Nu 1:2, 1:4, 1:18 + 41 t. Nu; Jos 22:14, 22:14, 1 Ch 4:38, 5:13 + 25 t. Ch; Ezr 2:59, 10:16, Ne 7:61, 10:35; = tribe Nu 17:17, 17:17, 17:18, 17:21; = main division of tribe Nu 3:20, 3:24 +, cf. 34:14, 34:14 etc.; futher sub-division Ex 12:3, 1 Ch 7:2, 7:7 +; cf. esp. 1 Ch 23:11 Jeush and Beriah had not many sons, therefore they became לְבֵית אָב לִפְקֻדָּה אֶחָָת (cf. ראשׁי אבות, sub אב).

6. house, including household affairs, persons, property, etc. וַיַּפְקִדֵהוּ עַל־בֵּיתוֹ Gn 39:4 cf. בְּבֵיתוֹ v:5; אֲשֶׁר עַל־בֵּיתוֹ Gn 44:1, 44:4; hence אשׁר על הבית as title of governor of the palace (Ew:H iii. 269) Is 22:15, 36:3 cf. 1 K 4:6, 2 K 15:5; in Israel 1 K 16:9, 18:3, 2 K 10:5: further 2 S 17:23, 2 K 20:1 = Is 38:1; hence of personal property 1 K 13:8 אִם־תִּתֶּן־לִי אֶת־חֲחִי בֵּיתֶָךָ; family and property (everything on which one depends) Jb 8:15.

7. בַּ֫יְתָה, בָָּיְתָה, lit. housewards, hence metaph. inwards,Ex 28:26 = 39:19 (sc. of the ephod), 1 K 7:25 = 2 Ch 4:4 (sc. of the circle of oxen supporting the molten sea); 2 S 5:9 מִן־הַמִּלּוֹא וָבָָיְתָה from the Millo and inward, Ez 44:17.

8. מִבַּיִת a. adv. on the inside (of a building, chest, etc.: opp. מִחוּץ) † Gn 6:14, Ex 25:11 = 37:2, Lv 14:41, 1 K 6:15, 6:16, 7:9, 2 K 6:30 (of a person's clothes), Ez 7:15; so with ה loc. מִבַּ֫יְתָה1 K 6:15 b.מִבֵּית לְ (cstr. Ges:§ 130, 1 n.) prep. within (opp. מִחוּץ לְ), מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת within the veil Ex 26:33, Lv 16:2, 16:12, Nu 18:7 לְכָל־דְּבַר הַמִּזִבֵּחַ וּלְמִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת for everything of the altar, and for (that) within the veil; 1 K 7:8, 7:31; (rd. לַכְּתֵפֹת; see VB & Sta:ZAW 1883, 165); אֶל־מִבֵּית לְ (after a verb of motion) in within Lv 16:15, 2 K 11:15 = 2 Ch 23:14.

Note.—בית perh. occurs abbrev. into בּ in n.pr. בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָה q.v. so Thes al.; cf. also Aram. בא = בית in like usage Lag:Armen. Stud. § 339; Se i. 51; GGA 1884, 276.

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בַּ֫יִת c. art. הַבַּיִת Is 15:2 acc. to Ew Brd Di al. n.pr.loc but abbrev.; perh. for בֵּית דִּבְלָתַיִם Je 48:22 (so Ew al.) or בֵּית בָּמוֹת cf. MI:27 (cf. De Di); others (Ges De Che Or) take הַבּ׳ here = the house, i.e. temple or shrine.

בֵּית אָ֫וֶן n.pr.loc. (house of iniquity or idolatry? hardly likely unless as alteration of orig. בֵּית אוֹן, house of wealth or strength) eastward from Bethel Jos 7:2, 18:12, 1 S 14:23, 1 S 13:5 בֵּית־א׳ (on Ho 4:15, 5:8, 10:5 v. בֵּֽיתְאֵל infr.); site unknown.

בֵּֽיתְאֵל:71 n.pr.loc. Bethel (so read, not בֵּית־אֵל as Jos 7:2 + acc. to v. d. H; cf. Baer Gn 12:8; house of God, or house of Ēl)—

1. ancient place and seat of worship in Ephraim on border of Benjamin, identif. with Luz (former name) Gn 28:19, 35:6, Jos 18:13, Ju 1:23; appar. distinguished from Luz Jos 16:2 (yet cf. Di); name connected with vision of Jacob when journeying to Paddan-Aram (JE) Gn 28:19, 35:7 (where אֵל בֵּֽיתְאֵל, but LXX SyrVer Vulgate Ol del. אֵל; Di maintains); cf. Ho 12:5; when journeying from P.-A. 35:15 (P); name appar. given first to a stone (Gn 28:18, 35:14) cf. We:Skizzen iii. 70; הַר בֵּֽיתְאֵל 1 S 13:2; later important place of worship 1 S 10:3 עָלָה אֶל־ הָאֱלֽהִים בֵּיתְאֵל; abode of prophet 1 K 13:11, 2 K 2:3; Jeroboam set up one of the golden calves at Bethel 1 K 12:29 f. cf. also 13:1 f. 2 K 10:29, 23:15, Je 48:13 v. further 2 K 17:28, 2 K 23:15 Th prop. on internal grounds, בֵּית אַל house of nothingness, or אָלָה בּ׳ house of execration; אָלָה בּ׳ also Renan:Hist. iii. 185; in proph. Am 3:14, 4:4, 5:5, 5:5, 5:6, 7:10, 7:13, Ho 10:15; note esp. Am 5:5 ביתאל יִהְיֶה לְאָָוֶן, & בֵּית אָרֶן (house of iniquity) as substit. for ביתאל Ho 4:15, 5:8, 10:5 (עֶגְלוֹת בית און);—mod. Beitîn Rob:BR i. 448 f. Guêrin:Judêe iii. 14–27 cf. Bd:Pal 215 Survey:ii. 305.

2. place in south country of Judah, not far from Beersheba & Ziklag 1 S 30:27 cf. We Dr; = MT כסיל Jos 15:30 (txt. err.; LXX Βαιθηλ); also בְּתוּל Jos 19:4, בְּתוּאֵל 1 Ch 4:30.

111

בֵּית הָאֱלִי adj.gent c. art. the Bethelite 1 K 16:34.

בֵּית הָאֵ֫חֶל n.pr.loc. in Judah Mi 1:11; dub., cf. sub אחל, p. 69.

בֵּית אַֽרְבֵַאל n.pr.loc. Ho 10:14, perh. Arbel near Pella (E. of Jordan) Jer Euseb. in Lag:Onom. 88, 2nd ed. 123; 214, 2nd ed. 236, cf. Now ad loc.; but in Galilee Rob:BR ii. 399, mod. Irbid, cf. Furrer:ZPV ii. 1879, 57 f.; Bd:Pal 257.

בֵּית בַּ֫עַל מְעוֹן n.pr.loc. Jos 13:47, = בַּעַל מְעוֹן Nu 32:38, Ez 25:9, 1 Ch 5:8 (MI בעל מען & בת בעל מען) = בֵּית מְעוֹן Je 48:23 = בְּעֹן Nu 32:3 (rd. prob. מען; cf. Dr:Sm lxviii); city assigned to Reuben Jos 13:17, Nu 32:3, 32:38, 1 Ch 5:8; possessed by Moab Je 48:23, Ez 25:9;—mod. Ma‰‘în Tristr:Moab 303 f. Schick:ZPV ii. 1879, 5 Survey:EP i. 176 Bd:Pal 192.

בֵּית בִּרְאִי n.pr.loc. v. בית לבאות infr. p. 111

בֵּית בָּרָה n.pr.loc. in combin. בּ׳ עַד בּ׳ וְאֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן Ju 7:24, 7:24 (? = בֵּית עֲבָרָה place of ford).

בֵּית גָּדֵר n.pr.loc. in Judah (place of a wall) 1 Ch 2:51 (as n.pr.m.) LXX Βαιθγαιδων LXXL Βηθγεδδωρ; = גֶּ֫דֶר Jos 12:13 ?, cf. הַגְּדֵרִי 1 Ch 27:28, etc.

בֵּית הַגִּלְגָּל n.pr.loc. Ne 12:29; cf. גִּלְגָּל.

בֵּית גָּמוּל n.pr.loc. in Moab Je 48:23 (place of recompense)—mod. Umm ej-Jemâl ? Bd:Pal 203, 5 hours S. from Boṣra.

בֵּית הַגָּן n.pr.loc.? LXX Βαιθαν (Βαιατγαν), LXXL Βαιθωρων, 2 K 9:27; mod. Jenîn? v. גַּן, sub גנן, and עֵין גַּנִּים; cf. Sta:Gesch i. 542.

בֵּית דִּבְלָתָָיִם n.pr.loc. in Moab Je 48:22 = עַלְמֹן דִּבְלָתָָיְמָה Nu 33:46, 33:47 (MI בת דבלתן) v. ד׳.

בֵּית־דָּגוֹן Jos 15:41, בֵּית דָּגֹן 19:27 n.pr.loc. 1. in Judah (house, i.e. temple of Dagon; As. Bit-Daganna COT:Jos 15:41, & i. p. 281) Jos 15:41 (LXX Βαγαδιηλ, but LXXL Βηθδαγων)—name appears in mod. Beit Dejân, SE. of Jaffa, but loc. unsuitable, cf. Rob:BR ii. 232. 2. in Asher Jos 19:27 (LXX Βαιθεγενεθ, but LXXL Βηθδαγων) perh. = Beit Dejen, near Akko, cf. Di.

בֵּית הָרָם n.pr.loc. in Gad Jos 13:27 = בֵּית הָרָן Nu 32:36, mod. Beit Harrân, 1 hour E. of Jordan, opp. Jericho, Tristr:Moab 348; name Tell er-Ram(eh) Merrill:PE Soc. iv. 1877 Schick:ZPV 1879, 3, 246 (cf. Lag:Onom. 103. 16, 2nd ed. 137 al.)

בֵּית הָרָן v. בֵּית הָרָם p.111

בֵּית חָגְלָה n.pr.loc. (place of partridge) in Benjamin, on border of Judah Jos 15:6; בֵּית־ח׳ 18:19, 18:21, mod. ï‘ Ain Ḥajla (or Qaṣr Ḥajla cf. Rob & Di Gn 50:11) Rob:BR i. 544 Bd:Pal 172.

בֵּית חוֹרֹן n.pr.loc. Jos 10:10, 10:11, also חֹרוֹן בּ׳, חֹרֹן בּ׳, & in Ch חוֹרוֹן בּ׳, two cities in Ephraim, lower & upper B.H. (place of a hole or hollow (?) חֹר, perh. fr. a wady betw. the two, or near by; cf. also מַעֲלֶה Jos 10:10, מוֹרַד v:11 1 Macc 3:16, 3:24) 1 Ch 7:24 אֶת־בּית־חוֹרוֹן הַתַּחְתּוֹן וְאֶת־הָעֶלְיוֹן; further, a. עֶלְיוֹן ח׳ בּ׳ Jos 16:5; הָעֶלְיוֹן ח׳ בּ׳ 2 Ch 8:5. b. 1 hour W. from a. תַּחְתּוֹן ח׳ בּ׳ Jos 16:3, 18:13, 1 K 9:17; הַתַּחְתּוֹן ח׳ בּ׳ 2 Ch 8:5; also Jos 10:10, 10:11, 18:14; prob. also 21:22, 1 S 13:18, 1 Ch 6:53, 2 Ch 25:13; —mod. Beit ï‘ Ûr el-fôqa & et-taḫta Rob:BR ii. 250 f. Bd:Pal 21 Survey:iii. 86; —cf. הַחֹרֹנִי adj.gent. Ne 2:10, 2:19, 13:28, only of Sanballat; also du. חֹרֹנַיִם Jos 10:10, 10:11 LXX & 2 S 13:34 LXX We Dr.

בֵּית חָנָן n.pr.loc. in Dan (Judah ? Philistine territory) 1 K 4:9 (where rd. ח׳ וּב׳ v. sub II. אֵלוֹן p. 19);—mod. Beit Ḥanûn cf. Rob:BR ii. 35.

בֵּית הַיְשִׁימוֹת n.pr.loc. E. of Jordan (place of the desert, ישׁם) in Moab Ez 25:9; הַיְשִׁמֹת בּ׳ Nu 33:49, Jos 12:3; given to Reuben הַיְשִׁמוֹת בּ׳ Jos 13:20; —perh. mod. es-Suweime, De Saulcy:Voyage i. 315 f., cf. Merrill:PE Soc. iv. 1877 Bd:Pal 172 Survey:EP i. 156.

בֵּית כָָּר n.pr.loc. (place of a lamb) appar. belonging to Philistines 1 S 7:11.

בֵּית הַכֶּ֫רֶם n.pr.loc in Judah (vineyard place) Je 6:1, הַכָּ֫רֶם בּ׳ Ne 3:14; on location cf. Schick:ZPV iii. 83 f., but v. editorial remarks ib., & Bd:Pal 136.

בֵּית לְבָאוֹת n.pr.loc. in Simeon (place of lionesses ?) Jos 19:6 = בִּרְאִי בּ׳ (perh. text. err.) 1 Ch 4:31; = לְבָאוֹת (in Judah ) Jos 15:32.

בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם:41 n.pr.loc. 1. in Judah (place of bread. (food), mod. Ar. بَيْت لَحْم, place of meat), 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David;—בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם Ru 1:19 + 11 t.; ־לָחֶםבּ׳ 1 S 20:6 + 9 t.; בֵּית לָָחֶם Ju 12:8 + 11 t. + Gn 35:19, 48:7, where הוא בית לחם is a gloss, v. אֶפְרָ֫תָה, p. 68; ־לָָחֶם בּ׳ 1 S 17:15 + 3 t.;—as cstr. לֶ֫חֶם בּ׳ יְהוּדָה Ju 17:7, 17:8, 17:9, 19:1, 19:2, 19:18, 19:18, Ru 1:1, 1:2, 1 S 17:12; treated as n.pr.m. 1 Ch 2:51, 2:54, 4:4; men of Bethlehem אַנְשֵׁי בּ׳ Ne 7:26 = בְּנֵי בּ׳ Ezr 2:21; —on אֶפְרָ֫תָה as name of Bethlehem, & confusion arising from gloss Gn 35:19, 48:7, v. p. 68;—mod. Beit Laḥm, 5 m. S. of Jerus. Rob:BR i. 471 Bd:Pal 123 Survey:iii. 28, 83 Guêrin:Judêe i. 120–206. 2. בֵּית לָָחֶם in Zeb. Jos 19:15; perh. also Ju 12:8, 12:10; = Beit Laḥm, 7 m. NW. of Nazareth Rob:BR iii. 113 Survey:i. 301.

112

בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי adj.gent. the Bethlehemite 1 S 16:18, 17:51, 2 S 21:19, so read prob. also in ‖ 1 Ch 20:5 for MT את לחמי cf. Be Th Ew:H iii. 70 We:H 266 Kue Dr:Sm; ־הַלּ׳בּ׳ 1 S 16:1.

בֵּית לְעַפְרָה n.pr.loc. appar. in Philistine territory Mi 1:10; site unknown, & txt. dub.

בֵּית מִלּוֹא v. מִלּוֹא sub מלא. p. 571

בֵּית מְעוֹן v. בֵּית בַּעַל מְעוֹן supr. p. 111

בֵּית מַעֲכָה n.pr.loc. so only מ׳ אָבֵ֫לָה וּב׳ 2 S 20:14, where rd. as in v:15 and in מ׳ אָבֵל בּ׳ 1 K 15:20, 2 K 15:29 Abel of Beth Maacah; c. הָ loc.; הַמַּעֲכָה אָבֵ֫לָה בּ׳ 2 S 20:15; cf. sub II. אָבֵל.

בֵּית הַמֶּרְחָק possibly n.pr.loc. house or settlement on bank of Kidron 2 S 15:17 (RV Beth-merhak, cf. MV RVm Far House; Ew The Ke Sta the last house of the city).

בֵּית מַרְכָּבוֹת n.pr.loc. in Simeon (place of chariots) 1 Ch 4:31 = ־הַמַּרְכָּבֹתבּ׳ Jos 19:5; site unknown.

בֵּית נִמְרָה n.pr.loc. E. of Jordan, in Gad (place of leopard) Nu 32:36 = Jos 13:27; LXX Ναμραμ, Βαιθαναβρα, etc., v. also Lag:Onom. Sacr. 232, 2nd ed. 246;—mod. Tel Nimrîn Survey:EP i. 337 Bd:Pal 179, cf. also מֵי נִמְרִים Is 15:6, & Rob:BR i. 551.

בֵּית עֶָדֶן n.pr.loc Am 1:5 Aramaean city, or land = Paradisus (Ptol:Geogr. v. 14); mod. Jusieh (cf. Rob:BR iii. 556) ? or cuneif. Bit-Adini, in Mesopot. cf. Schr:KG 199 Dl:Pa 263 f.; COT 2 K 19:12 & v. sub עֶדֶן; otherwise St, & Hoffm:ZAW iii. 1883, 97.

בֵּית־עַזְמָ֫וֶת n.pr.loc. near Jerusalem Ne 7:28 = עַזְמָ֫וֶת Ezr 2:24 & עַזְמָָוֶת Ne 12:29; cf. 1 Ch 12:13 (where n.pr.m.);—mod. El-Ḥizmeh c. 5m. NNE. of Jerus. acc. to Ritter:Geogr. xvi. 519 Survey:iii. 9.

בֵּית הָעֵ֫מֶק n.pr.loc. on border of Asher (valley-house) Jos 19:27. Survey:i. 145 comp. ï‘Amka, 7m. NE. of Akko (but v. Rob:BR iii. 103, 108).

בֵּית־עֲנוֹת n.pr.loc. in Judah (perh. = temple of ï‘ Anât Bae:Rel 53 Hal:JAs. 7, xiii. 1879, p. 208, cf. foll.) Jos 15:59; —mod. Beit ï‘Anûn Rob:BR iii. 280 f. Guêrin:Judêe iii. 151 f. Survey:iii. 351. But LXXL Βηθαρωθ, cf. mod. Bittîr, c. 2 1/2 hours SW. fr. Jerus. Bd:Pal 171.

בֵּית־עֲנָת n.pr.loc. in Naphtali (temple of ï‘Anât Nes:Eg 114 Bae:Rel 53 Mey:ZMG 1877, 718) Jos 19:38, Ju 1:33; בֵּית ע׳ v:33; —perh. mod. Ain-Ata v. d. Velde:Narr. i. 170, 6m. W. of Kedesh (name ï‘Anata Guêrin:Gal. ii. 374; ï‘Ainîtha, Survey:i. 200).

בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים perh. n.pr.loc. (binding-house of the shepherds) 2 K 10:12; cf. v:14 בּוֹר ־ע׳בּ׳; Bethacath Jer Lag:Onom. 107. 17. 2nd ed. 141;—mod. Beit Kâd near Mt Gilboa (Fuḳu‰‘a) acc. to Survey:ii. 83; but cf. בַּיִת

1. p. 109.

בֵּית הָֽעֲרָבָה n.pr.loc (place of the depression) reckoned to Judah Jos 15:6, 15:61, to Benjamin 18:22 = הָֽעֲרָבָה 18:18, הָֽעֲרָבָָתָה v:18; cf. also adj.gent. הָֽעַרְבָתִי 2 S 23:31 (perh. rd. בֵּית־הָֽע׳ Klo cf. Dr) = 1 Ch 11:32; —site unknown.

בֵּית פָָּלֶט n.pr.loc (place of escape) in south of Judah Jos 15:27, Ne 11:26; cf. adj.gent. הַפַּלְטִי 2 S 23:26, & so rd. also 1 Ch 11:27, 27:10 (Be).

בֵּית פְּעוֹר n.pr.loc. (= בַּעַל פ׳ בּ׳, cf. sub בעל) E. of Jordan Dt 3:29, in land of Amorites 4:46 cf. Jos 13:20 (where assigned to Reuben); in land of Moab Dt 34:6. On site cf. Di Nu 23:28 Lag:Onom. 232. 2nd ed. 246 Cond:Heth & Moab 142 f. PEF:1882, 85 f. Tristr:Moab 305.

בֵּית פַּצֵּץ n.pr.loc. in Issachar (place of dispersion) Jos 19:21; site unknown.

בֵּית־חוּר n.pr.loc. in Judah (house of rock) Jos 15:58, 2 Ch 11:7, Ne 3:16; as n.pr.m. 1 Ch 2:45; —mod. Beit Ṣûr, c. 12 m. S. fr. Jerusalem Rob:BR iii. 276 f. Survey:iii. 311 Bd:Pal 138 (Burj Ṣûr).

בֵּית־רְחוֹב n.pr.loc. (place of street, or market ?) near Dan on road to Hamath Ju 18:28, 2 S 10:6 (where אֲרַם בֵּית־רְחוֹב) = רְחֹב Nu 13:21; cf. אֲרַם חוֹבָא וּרְחוֹב 2 S 10:8; —loc. dub. (cf. Rob:iii. 371 f.).

בֵּית רָפָא n.pr.loc.? in Judah; as n.pr.m. 1 Ch 4:12.

בֵּית שְׁאָן n.pr.loc. in Manasseh, W. of Jordan (place of quiet) 1 K 4:12, 4:12; בֵּית־שְׁאָן Jos 17:11, 17:16, Ju 1:27, 1 Ch 7:29; = בֵּית שָָׁן 1 S 31:10, 31:12; בֵּית־שַׁן 2 S 21:12; —mod. Beisân (Scythopolis), NH בֵּישָׁן Rob:BR iii. 329 Bd:Pal 224 Survey:i. 101 f.

בֵּית הַשִּׁטָּה n.pr.loc. (place of the acacia) Ju 7:22 (on site cf. Rob:BR ii. 356).

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ n.pr.loc. (sun-temple)—שׁ׳ בּ׳ Jos 19:22 + 8 t., ־שׁ׳בּ׳ Jos 15:10 + 6 t.; שָָׁמֶשׁ בּ׳ Jos 19:38 + 4 t.;—

1. city in SW. Judah Jos 15:10, 1 S 6:9, 6:12, 6:12, 6:13, 6:15, 6:19, 6:20, 1 K 4:9, 2 K 14:13 = 2 Ch 25:23, 2 Ch 28:18; distinguished from other places of same name as אֲשֶׁר לִיהוּדָה שׁ׳ בּ׳ 2 K 14:11 = 2 Ch 25:21; assigned to Levites Jos 21:16 = 1 Ch 6:44;—ruin at mod. ‘Ain Shems Rob:BR ii. 223 f. Bd:Pal 163 Survey:iii. 35, 60.

2. city in Naphtali Jos 19:38, Ju 1:33, 1:33

3. city in Issachar Jos 19:22; possibly ‘Ain esh-Shemsîyeh, Jordan valley, S. of Beisân (Beth Shean) Survey:ii. 231.

4. = On-Heliopolis, in Egypt Je 43:13 Rob:BR i. 25 Eb:GS 505 f. Dl:Pa 318 f.

113

בֵּית־הַשִּׁמְשִׁי adj.gent. of foregoing 1, c. art. 1 S 6:14, 6:18.

בֵּית־תַּפּוּחַ n.pr.loc. in Judah (place of apples) Jos 15:53; —mod. Taffûh Rob:BR ii. 71 Bd:Pal 154 Survey:iii. 310, 379.

בִּיתָן n.[m.] house, palace—abs. הַבִּיתָן Est 7:7, 7:8 (גִּנַּת הב׳); cstr. בִּיתַן Est 1:5 (הַמֶּלֶךְ גִּנַּת ב׳), all garden of בּ׳; acc. to Dieulafoy:RÉJ 1888, cclxxvii. throne-room, syn. of apadâna in mng., but cf. אַפֶּדֶן.

בֵּית prep. between, v. [בַּיִן] sub בין.

בָּכָא n.[m.] balsam-tree (v. Ar. بَكْأُ Dozy:ZMG 1869, 188 but Löw:No. 47; acc. to TA like جرجير, an eruca, cf. Lane s. v.; perh. cf. بَكَأَ give little milk, of camel, i.e. drop, drip); pl. בְּכָ אִים 2 S 5:23, 5:24 = 1 Ch 14:14; 14:15; sg. in עֵמֶק הַבָּכָא Ps 84:7 balsam-vale, cf. De Che.

בָּכָה:114 vb. weep, bewail (Ar. بَكَي, Aram. בְּכָא, بكْا, As. bakû Zim:BP 23, 56, Eth. bakaya:)—Qal Pf. בּ׳ Gn 43:14, Ho 12:5; וּבָֽכְתָה consec. Dt 21:13; בָּכִ֫יתִּי Jb 30:25, etc.; Impf. וַיֵּבְח Gn 37:35 + 16 t. (וַיֵּבְךְּ Gn 27:28 etc.); 3 fs. תִּבְכֶּה 1 S 1:10 + 2 t.; וַתִּבְכֶּה 1 S 1:7, וַתֵּבְךְּ Gn 21:16 (where LXX masc. cf. Di) + 4 t.; 2 ms. תִּבְכֶּה Is 30:19, Ez 24:16; וַתִּבְכֶּה 2 K 22:19, וַתֵּבְךְּ 2 S 12:21, 2 Ch 34:27; 2 fs. תִּבְכִּי 1 S 1:8; אֶבְכֶּה Ju 11:37 + 4 t.; וָאֶבְכֶּה 2 S 12:22 + 2 t.; יִבְכּוּ Lv 10:6 + 3 t.; יִבְכָּי֑וּן Jb 31:38, Is 33:7; 3 fpl. תִּבְכֶּינָה Jb 27:15, Ps 78:64; וַתִּב׳ Ru 1:9, 1:14, etc.; Imv. pl. בְּכוּ Je 22:10, Jo 1:5; בְּכֶינָה 2 S 1:24; Inf. abs. בָּכוֹ Is 30:19 + 3 t. + Mi 1:10 (where rd. בְּעַכּוֹ, v. עכו); בָּכֹה 1 S 1:10 + 3 t.; cstr. לִבְכּוֹת Gn 43:30 + 3 t.; לִבְכֹּתָהּ Gn 23:2; Pt. בֹּכֶה (בּוֹכֶה) Ex 2:6 + 6 t.; fs. בּוֹכִיָּה La 1:16; pl. בֹּכִים (בּו׳) Ezr 3:12 +, etc.;—

1. weep (in grief, humiliation, or joy), abs. Gn 42:24, 43:30, 43:30, Ex 2:6, Nu 11:4, 11:10, 14:1, 1 S 1:7, 1:8, 1:10, 11:5, 30:4, 30:4, 2 S 1:12, 3:16, 13:36, 15:30, 15:30, 19:1, 19:2, 2 K 8:11, 8:12, Is 30:19, 30:19, Je 41:6, 50:4, Ez 24:16, 24:23, La 1:2, Zc 7:3, Jo 1:5, 2:17, Ps 78:64, 126:6 cf. 69:11 (but on text v. Che) Jb 27:15, Ec 3:4 (opp. laugh שׂחק) Ezr 10:1, Ne 8:9, Est 8:3; once c. inanim. subj. Jb 31:38 תְּלָמֶיהָ יִב׳ its furrows weep; on Ne 1:4 יָשַׁבְתִּי וָאֶבְכֶּה cf. As.attašab abakî, Flood:130 ed. Dl Gu:§ 77 Hpt:BAS i. 145; of loud weeping נָשָׂא הַקּוֹל וַיִּב׳ Gn 21:16, 27:38, 29:11, Ju 2:4, 21:2, 1 S 11:4, 24:17, 2 S 3:32, 13:36, Jb 2:12, Ru 1:9, 1:14, cf. בְּאָזְנֵי י׳ בּ׳ Nu 11:18, also Jb 30:31.

2. c. acc. cogn. בְּכִי Ju 21:2, 2 S 13:36, 2 K 20:3 = Is 38:3, cf. בִּבְכִי Is 16:9, מִבְּכִי Je 48:32, & חַרְבֶּה בֶּכֶה בּ׳ Ezr 10:1; sq. קוֹל גָּדוֹל 2 S 15:33, cf. בקול גדול בּ׳ Ezr 3:12; weep bitterly מַר יִב׳ Is 33:7; also c. inf. abs. weep intensely, grievously 1 S 1:10, Je 22:10, La 1:2, cf. Is 30:19 & Mi 1:10 (but on text v. supr.)

3. sq. עַל weep upon, i.e. embrace and weep, עַל־חואריו Gn 45:14, 46:29 cf. 45:15, 50:1, also עַל־פָּנָיו בּ׳ 2 K 13:14; v. further Gn 33:4, 45:14 & וַיִּבְכּוּ אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ 1 S 20:41; also sq. עַל weep over, for Ju 11:37, 11:38, 2 S 3:34, La 1:16; sq. אֶלֹ־ 2 S 1:24, 3:32, Ez 27:31; sq. לְ Je 22:10, 48:32, Jb 30:25; sq. מִפְּנִי because of Je 13:17; sq. temporal clause (of occasion of weeping) Gn 50:17, Ps 137:1, Ne 8:9.

4. sq. acc. bewail Gn 23:2, 37:35, 50:3, Lv 10:6, Nu 20:29, Dt 21:13, 34:8, Je 8:23, cf. Is 16:9.

5. sq. עַל in sense of burden, annoy with weeping Nu 11:13, Ju 14:16, 14:17 cf. לִפְנֵי Nu 11:20.

6. לִפְנֵי י׳ בּ׳ of penitent weeping Ju 20:23 (cf. Be; v. also 21:2) Dt 1:45, 2 K 22:19, 2 Ch 34:27, cf. also Nu 25:6; joined with fasting Ju 20:26, 2 S 12:21, 12:22, cf. Ezr 10:1; so of weeping in anxious entreaty Ho 4:5; on pt. as n.pr. Ju 2:1, 2:5 v. בֹּכִים infr. Pi. Pt. fs. מְבַכָּה lament Je 31:25 sq. עַל; bewail, pl. מְבַכּוֹת sq. acc. Ez 8:14.

בֶּ֫כֶה n.[m.] a weeping, only Ezr 10:1 בכו העם הַרְבֵּה בּ׳.

בְּכִי n.m.:Ju 21:2 weeping—בְּכִי Ju 21:2 + 20 t. (also cstr. Dt 34:8, etc.); בִּבְכִָי Gn 45:2; בֶָּכִי Is 15:2 + 6 t.; sf. בִּכְִיי֑ Ps 6:9; —weeping Ps 30:6, Is 15:2, 15:5; as acc. cogn. (c. בכה) Ju 21:2, 2 S 13:36, 2 K 20:3 = Is 38:3 cf. Is 16:9 (בבכי) Je 48:32 (מבכי); audible קול ב׳ Ps 6:9, Is 65:19, Ezr 3:13 cf. Je 3:21, 31:16, Is 15:3 (ייליל יֹרֵד בבכי v. Je 9:17); so also Gn 45:2 (ויתן את־קלו בב׳) & Je 48:5 (בבכי יעלה בכי i.e. the sound of it shall ascend)—but text here suspicious, cf. Is 15:5; as disfiguring Jb 16:16; ‖ words of mourning Est 4:3 (אֵבֶל, חוֹם, מִסְפֵּד), Je 31:9 (תחנונים cf. 3:21), 9:10, 31:15 (נהי), cf. בכי אבל משׁהDt 34:8 & Di ad loc.; cotrition (humiliation) Jo 2:12 (חום, מִסְפֵּד), Is 22:12 (מספד, קרחה, חגור שׂק), cf. Mal 2:13 (אנקה, דמעה); of bitter weeping Is 22:4 אֲמָרֵר בַּבָָּכִי, cf. Je 31:15 (& Is 33:7); בכי יעזר Is 16:9, Je 48:32 i.e. YaÔzer in Moab, cf. יעזר n.pr.; Ps 102:10 (מסכתי שׁקוי בב׳ cf. 42:4, 80:6 & Bab. dîmtu maštîtî, tears (were) my drink Zim:BP 34, 42). Trop., of trickling streams (נהרות) in mines—hindrance to miners Jb 28:11.

בָּכוּת n.f. weeping. Only in אַלּוֹן בָּכוּת Gn 35:8 i.e. mourning oak, cf. אלון, p. 47.

114

† [בְּכִית] n.f. weeping Gn 50:4 ימי בְכִיתוֹ, i.e. the appointed time of mourning for him.

בֹּכִים n.pr.loc. near Bethel, אל־הַבֹּכִים Ju 2:1, בֹּכִים v:5 (cf. v:4); LXX 2:1 τὸν Κλαυθμῶνα καὶ ἐπὶ Βαιθηλ; v:5 Κλαυθμῶνες i.e. בְּכָּ יִם (LXXL Κλαυθμών);—on poss. connex. with אַלּוֹן בָּכוּת Gn 35:8 cf. Stu & We:Bleek's Einl. ed. 4, 183, Comp. Hex. 1889, 215; but perh. rd. ביתאל instead of בכים in v:1, cf. We Bu:RS 20.

† [בָּכַר] vb. (NH בְּכֵּר, Aram. בַּכֵּר, ܒܰܟܰܪ; cf. Ar. بَكَرَ rise early, do anything early; بِكْرُ, virgin, woman having her first child; Eth. bakur: primogenitus; As. bukru, first-born, Dl:§ 65, 5)—Pi. Impf. יְבַכֵּר Ez 47:12; Inf. לְבַכֵּר Dt 21:16; —

1. bear early, new fruit Ez 47:12.

2. make or constitute as first-born Dt 21:16 (den. of בכיר). Pu. Impf. יְבֻכַּר Lv 27:26 born or made a firstling. Hiph. Pt. f. מַבְכִּירָה Je 4:31 one bearing her first child.

בְּכוֹר:122 n.m. first-born—Gn 35:23 + 78 t.; בְּכֹר Gn 25:13 + 14 t.; sf. בְּכֹּרִי Gn 49:3 + 14 t.; בְּכוֹרוֹ Gn 38:6 + 3 t.; pl. cstr. בְּכוֹרֵי Ne 10:37 + 2 t.; בְּכוֹרֵיהֶם Ps 136:10; pl. f. בְּכֹרוֹת Gn 4:4 Ne 10:37; בְּכֹרֹת Dt 12:6, 12:17, 14:23; —

1. men and women: a. individuals Gn 25:13 + 69 t. b. coll. Nu 3:46; 3:50, 8:16, 18:15. c. pl. Ne 10:37, Ps 135:8, 136:10. d. כל בכור Ex 11:5, 12:12, 12:29, 13:2, 13:13, 13:15, 13:15, 22:28, 34:2, Nu 3:12, 3:12, 3:12, 3:13, 3:40, 3:42, 3:43, 3:45, 8:17, 8:17, 8:18, 33:4, Ps 78:51, 105:36.

2. animals: a. individuals Lv 27:26, Nu 18:17, Dt 15:19, 15:19, 33:17. b. coll. בכור בהמה Ex 11:5, 12:29, 13:15, Nu 3:41, 18:15; כל הבכור Dt 15:19. c. pl. בכרות Gn 4:4, Dt 12:6, 12:17, 14:23, Ne 10:37.

3. figurative, n. of relation בכור מות first-born of death Jb 18:13 (deadly disease); בְּכוֹרֵי דַלִּים first-born of the poor (the poorest) Is 14:30; Israel is the first-born of Yahweh among the nations Ex 4:22 cf. Je 31:9; and the seed of David among dynasties Ps 89:28.

בֶּ֫כֶר n.pr.m (young camel, Ar. بَكْرُ, As. bakru Asrb:Annals ix. 65)—

1. son of Ephraim Nu. 26:35 = בֶּרֶד 1 Ch 7:20.

2. son of Benjamin Gn 46:21, 1 Ch 7:6, 7:8 (בָָּכֶר).

בַּכְּרִי adj.gent. c. art. as n. coll. Nu 26:35.

בֹּֽכְרוּ n.pr.m. a Benjamite (on form cf. גַּשְׁמוּ, מְלִיכוּ, & Ol:§ 107 ad fin.; on Nab. n. pr. in ו v. Eut:Nab 24, 25, etc. & Nö:ib. 73 ff.) 1 Ch 8:38 = 9:44.

בִּכְּרִי n.pr.m. (youthful)—

1. a Benjamite 2 S 20:1, 20:2, 20:6, 20:7, 20; 10, 20:13, 20:21, 20:22; only in phr. שֶׁבַע בֶּן־בִּכְּרִי.

2. perh. adj.gent. pl. c. art. הַבִּכְּרִים 2 S 20:14 the Bichrites (i.e. family of Sheba‘), MT הַבֵּרִים; cf. LXX ἐν Χαρρει = כרי(ב); so Klo Dr.

בִּכְרָה n.f. young camel, dromedary (Ar. بَكْرَةُ young she-camel) Je 2:23; pl. cstr. בִּכְרֵי Is 60:6.

בְּכֹרָה n.f. right of first-born Gn 25:32, 25:34 (J) Dt 21:17, 1 Ch 5:1, 5:2; sf. בְּכֹרָתִי Gn 27:36 (JE); בְּכֹרָתְךָ Gn 25:31 (J); בְּכֹרָתוֹ Gn 25:33, 43:33 (J) 1 Ch 5:1.

בְּכוֹרַת n.pr.m. (first-born) Benjamite 1 S 9:1.

בְּכִירָה n.f. first-born, always of women Gn 19:31, 9:33, 19:34, 19:37, 29:26 (JE) 1 S 14:49.

בִּכּוּרָה n.f. first ripe fig, early fig (regarded as a delicacy) (Löw:391; cf. Ar. بَاكُورَةُ, Span. albacora, Moorish bokkôre) Mi 7:1, Ho 9:10; sf. בִּכּוּרָהּ = בִּכּוּרָתָהּ (rd. בִּכּוּרָה Di), Is 28:4; pl. בַּכֻּרוֹת Je 24:2.

בִּכּוּרִים n.m. first-fruits—Lv 2:14, 23:17, Nu 28:26 (P) 2 K 4:42, Ne 3:12, 13:31; בִּכֻּרִים Lv 23:20 (P); cstr. בִּכּוּרֵי Ex 23:16, 23:19 (E) 34:22, 34:26 (J) Nu 13:20 (E) 18:13 (P) Ne 10:36, 10:36, Ez 44:30; sf. בִּכּוּרֶיךָ Lv 2:14; —the first of grain and ftuit that ripened and was gathered and offered to God according to the ritual; לֶחֶם הַבִּכּוּרִים bread made of the new grain offered at Pentecost Lv 23:20; יום הבכורים day of the first-fruits (Pentecost) Nu 28:26.

בַּל v. sub בלה. p. 115

בֵּל, בֵּלְאשַׁצַּר v. sub בעל, p. 128.

בַּלְאֲדָן n.pr.m. (= Bab. abal-iddina, he hath given a son COT 2 K 20:12) father of מְרֹדַךְ בַּלְאֲדָן king of Babylon (v. sub מְרֹדַךְ) 2 K 20:12 = Is 39:1; name prob. abbreviated by omission of name of god (v. ib. Merodach-baladan = Marduk-abal-iddina, Marduk hath given a son; cf. Esarhaddon, v. אֵסַרְחַדֹּן p. 64).

† [בָּלַג] vb. gleam, smile (Ar. بَلِجَ)—only Hiph. Impf. 1 S. c. וְ subord. וְאַבְ֫לִיגָה Jb 9:27 + 2 t.; Pt. מַבְלִיג Am 5:9; —

1. shew a smile, look cheerful Ps 39:14, Jb 9:27, 10:20.

2. cause to burst or flash שֹׁד על־עָָז המב׳ Am 5:9 (cf. Ew St).

בִּלְגָּה n.pr.m. (cheerfulness)—

1. priest of 15th course (David's time) 1 Ch 24:14.

2. priest that went up with Zerubbabel Ne 12:5, 12:18.

בִּלְגַּי n.prm. (id.) priest with Neh. Ne 10:9.

† [מַבְלִיגִית] n.f. smiling, cheerfulness, source of brightening—מַבְלִיגִיתִי עֲלֵי יָגוֹן Je 8:18 a source of brightening to me in sorrow; but text dub. cf. VB Che.

115

בִּלְדַּד n.pr.m. (LXX Βαλδαδ; Nö:ZMG 1888, 479 Bel has loved, cf. אֶלְדָּד; Dl:Pa 298; ZK ii. 177 comp. cuneif. Bir-Dadda, cf. Hpt:Hbr 1885, 224) 2nd friend of Job (הַשֻּׁחִי) הַשּׁוּחִי בּ׳ Jb 2:11, 8:1, 18:1, 25:1, 42:9.

בָּלָה n.pr.loc. in Simeon Jos 19:3.

† [בָּלָה] vb. become old and worn out (Ar. بَلِيَ, Aram. בְּלֵי, ܒܠܳܐ, Eth. balya: id.)—Qal Pf. בָּלְֽתָה Dt 8:4, בָּלוּ 29:4 +; Impf. יִבְלֶה Jb 13:28 etc.; Inf. c. sf. בְּלֽתִי Gn 18:12; —wear out (intr.), esp. of garments Dt 8:4, 29:4, 29:4, all c. מֵעַל pregn. wear out (and fall) from upon... (hence Ne 9:21), Jos 9:13; fig. of the heavens (with sim. of garment) Is 50:9, Ps 102:27 כַּבֶּגֶד יִבְלוּ, the earth Is 51:6 כַּבֶּגֶד תִּבְלֶה; the bones (through suffering) Ps 32:3; afflicted man Jb 13:28 וְהוּא כְּרָקָב יִבְלֶה (‖כְּבֶגֶד אֲכָלוֹ עָשׁ); of an aged and decrepit woman Gn 18:12 (J) אַחֲרֵי בְלֽתִי after I am worn out. Pi. caus. of Qal. a. wear out (trans.), fig. La 3:4 בִּלָּה בְשָׂרִי וְעוֹרִי, Ps 49:15 and their form לְבַלּוֹת שְּׁאוֹל is for She‚’ôl to consume away (others rd. לִבְלוֹת is for wasting away [Dr:§ 204], connecting שׁ׳ with foll.), 1 Ch 17:9 לְבַלּֽתוֹ to wear it (Isr.) out (altered fr. לְעַנּוֹתוֹ 2 S 7:10), cf. Dn 7:25 Aram. b. wear out by use, use to the full, Is 65:22 and the work of their hands יְבַלּוּ they shall use to the full, enjoy, Jb 21:13 they wear out their days in prosperity (Qr here יְכַלּוּ complete, which perh. is the true reading in both passages; cf. Ex 5:13, Jb 36:11).—On בַּ֜לּוֹתֹּי Ps 92:11, v. sub בָּלַל.

† [בָּלֶה] adj. worn out; f. בָּלָה Ez 23:43 (of a woman, cf. Gn 18:12 supr.); pl. בָּלִים Jos 9:4 (sacks), v:4 (wine-skins), בָּלוֹת v:5 (sandals), v:5 (garments).

† [בְּלוֹא] n.[m.] worn out things, rags (Syr. ܒܠܳܝܶ id.) pl. cstr. בְּלֽויֵ Je 38:11, 38:11, בְּלוֹאֵי v:12.

† [תַּבְלִית] n.f. destruction: c. sf. Is 10:25 וְאַפִּי עַל־תַּבְלִיתָם and mine anger for their destruction.

בַּל:69 adv. not (Ph. id.: e.g. CIS:i. 165, 15 בל יכן לכהן shall not be for the priest; :3, 3 בל עתי = before my time) a poet. syn. of לאֹ, of comparatively rare occurrence, Ho 7:2, 9:16 (Qr) Is 14:21, 35:9, 43:17, Pr 9:13, 14:7, 19:23, 22:29, 23:7, 23:35, 23:35, 24:23, 1 Ch 16:30 ( = Ps 96:10), only besides, except in the passages cited, in other Psalms: often repeated in the same context, as Is 26:10, 26:10, 26:11, 26:14, 26:14, 26:18, 26:18, 33:20, 33:20, 33:21, 33:23, 33:23, 33:24, 44:8, 44:9, 44:9, 44:9, Ps 10:4, 10:6, 10:11, 10:15, 10:18, 16:2, 16:4, 16:4, 16:8, 17:3, 17:3, 17:5, 21:3, 21:8, 21:12; also used oft. with אֶמּוֹט, יִמּוֹט, תִּמּוֹט Ps 10:6, 16:8, 21:8, 30:7, 46:6, 93:1, 96:10, 104:5, Pr 10:30, 12:3, Jb 41:15. In Is 40:24 it is prob. that it acquires from the context the sense of hardly: yea, hardly are they planted, yea, hardly are they sown ..., when he even bloweth upon them, and they wither; cf. לאֹ 2 K 20:4. Joined anomalously with an infin., Ps 32:9 בַּל קְרוֹב אֵלֶיךָ (else) there is not coming nigh thee (i.e. else they will not approach thee).

בְּלִי subst. wearing out (بِلَني, ܒܠܳܝ wearing out of a garment), hence

1. fig. destruction Is 38:17 שַׁחַת בְּלִי pit of destruction (of She‚’ôl).

2. defect, failure, hence adv. of negation (cf. אֶפֶס), chiefly poet. for לאֹ, אֵין:—a. with finite vb. rare and only once in prose, Gn 31:20 (E) עַל־בְּלִי הִגִּיד לוֹ because he told him not, Is 14:6, 32:10, Ho 8:7, 9:16 (Kt) Jb 41:18. b. used to negative an adj. or ptcp. 2 S 1:21 בְּלִי מָשִׁיחַ not anointed, Ps 19:4 Ho 7:8: more freq., esp. in Job, joined with a subst. in sense of without, Jb 8:11 will the reed-grass grow בְּלִי־מָָיִם without water? 24:10 they go about naked בְּלִי לְבוּשׁ without clothing, 31:39, 33:9, 34:6, 38:2 words בְּלִי־דַעַת without knowledge, 39:16, 42:3, Ps 59:5 בְּלִי־עָוֹן יְרוּחוּן without (my) iniquity they run (against me), cf. v:4 לאֹ, 63:2 a dry land בְּלִי מָָיִם without water, Is 28:8, Jb 30:8 בְּנֵי בְלִי־שֵׁם children of (men of) no name.

With preps. a.בִּבְלִי, in בִּבְלִי דַעַת Dt 4:42, 19:4, Jos 20:3, 20:5 D (= unawares: all in D's law of homicide); without knowledge Jb 35:16, 36:12. b.לִבְלִי in a state of (v. sub לְ) no..., i.e. without,Is 5:14 לִבְלִי־חֹק regardless of, without measure, Jb 38:41, 41:25 that is made לִבְלִי־חֵת (to be) in a state of no fear, i.e. to be fearless. c.מִבְּלִי (a) from want of, followed by a subst. or infin., מִן expressing causation, Dt 9:28 מִבְּלִי יְכֹלֶת י׳ on account of Jehovah's not being able... (in Nu 14:16 מִבִּלְתִּי), 28:55 (EW:238 d; but also RS:JPh xvi. 72), Is 5:13 for want of knowledge, Ho 4:6, Ez 34:5, La 1:4 מִבְּלִי בָּאֵי מוֹעֵד for lack of comers to the stated feast. Followed by a pleon. אֵין in the phrase …הֲמִבְּלִי אֵין is it on account of there being no...? (lit. is it from the deficiency of no...? cf. ܡܶܢ ܒܠܰܝ ܕܠܰܝܬ in Syr.; PS:528), Ex 14:11, 2 K 1:3, 1:6, 1:16. (β) so that there is no... (lit. away from there being no..., מִן expressing negation, and בְּלִי being pleon., as in מֵאֵין, v. sub אַיִן 6 d β); Je 2:15 its cities are burnt מִבְּלִי יוֹשֵׁב so that there is no inhabitant, 9:9–11, Ez 14:15, Zp 3:6. Once as a conj. מִבְּלִי אֲשֶׁר, with pleon. לאֹ, so that not... Ec 3:11. In Job מִבְּלִי is used more freely = without, the connexion with a preceding verb being no longer distinctly felt: 4:20 without any heeding, they perish for ever, 6:6, 24:7, 24:8; prob. also 4:11, 31:19 (though here the sense (α) would be admissible). (γ) in Jb 18:15 תִּשְׁכּוֹן בְּאָהֳלוֹ מִבְּלִי־לוֹ, מִן is prob. partitive (so Hi): there shall dwell in his tent what is naught of his: Ew:§ 323a De less probably even naught, cf. sub אַיִן 6 d γ; Ges ‘ terror (supplied from v:14) shall dwell in his tent so that it is no more his. ’ d.עַד־בְּלִי till there be no... Ps 72:7, Mal 3:10.

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בְּלִימָה n.[m.] nothingness (from בְּלִי & מָה, lit. not-aught) Jb 26:7 who hangeth the earth on בְּ׳.

בְּלִיַּ֫עַל:27 n.[m.] worthlessness (cpd. בְּלִי not, without and יַעַל worth, use, profit)—בּ׳ Dt 13:14 + 20 t.; בְּלִיָּ֑עַל Ps 101:3 + 5 t.;—the quality of being useless, good for nothing.

1. abstr. אִישׁ בליעל(ה), אַנְשֵׁי הבליעל, worthless, good-for-nothing, base fellows 1 S 25:25, 2 S 16:7, 20:1, 1 K 21:13, Pr 16:27; = בֶּן־ב׳ 1 S 25:17, בְּנֵי ב׳ Dt 13:14, Ju 19:22, 20:13, 1 S 2:12, 10:27, 1 K 21:10, 21:13, 2 Ch 13:7; בַּת ב׳ 1 S 1:16 (drunken woman); עֵד ב׳ base witness Pr 19:28; דְּבַר ב׳ base, wicked thing Ps 41:9 (yet cf. 3 infr.), 101:3 (add prob. also 1 S 29:10, so LXX We Dr); ב׳…דָּבָר (elliptical and in apposition) Dt 15:9.

2. concr. elliptical of אישׁ ב׳ 2 S 23:6, Jb 34:18; כָּל־אִישׁ רַע וּבְלִיַּעַל 1 S 30:22; אָדָם בְּלִיַּעַל Pr 6:12.

3. ruin, destruction: so Ps 41:9 acc. to De Che al., but v. supr.; יֹעֵץ ב׳ counsellor of ruin Na 1:11; ב׳ alone a man of ruin, destroyer Na 2:1; נַחֲלֵי ב׳ floods of destruction (‖שְׁאוֹל) 2 S 22:5 = Ps 18:5.

בִּלְעֲדֵי (perh. from בַּל and עַד, עֲדֵי unto; Syr. ܒܶܠܥܳܕ = ἄνευ, χωρίς; Nab. בלעד except, Eut:Nab 3:9)—sf. בִּלְעָדַי (3 t.), בַּלְעָדַי (4 t.), בִּלְעָדֶיךָ (once)—prop. not unto, hence apart from, except, without: a. Jb 34:32 בִּלְעֲדֵי אֶחֱזֶה except, apart from (what) I see myself, do thou instruct me. With sf. Gn 41:44 בִּלְעָדֶיךָ apart from thee, without thee, no one shall lift up the head, Is 45:6 for there is none בִּלְעָדָָי except me. Also with sf., as a particle of deprecation, Gn 14:24 בִּלְעָדַי not to me ! i.e. I claim nothing, (in our idiom) not at all ! 41:16. b. with מִן, מִבַּלְעֲדֵי (so ܡܶܢ ܒܶܠܥܳܕ without). (α) apart from, esp. with the collat. idea of without the knowledge and consent, Nu 5:20, 2 K 18:25 ( = Is 36:10) am I now come up apart from, without י׳ against this place to destroy it? Je 44:19 (cf. בִלְעָדֶיךָ Gn 41:44). (β) apart from, besides, except, Jos 22:19, 2 S 22:32a ( = Ps 18:32a) for who is God except י׳? v:32b; similarly Is 43:11 וְאֵין מִבַּלְעָדַי מוֹשִׁיעַ, 44:6, 44:8, 45:21.

[בֵּ֫לֶת] subst. (from בָּלָה, of the form דֶּלֶת Ol:§ 146 b) prop. failure, hence used as particle of negation, not, except (cf. בְּלִי, אֶפֶס), twice with sf. (v. infr.), elsewhere always בִּלְתִּי (with binding vowel יִ, as mark of cstr. state: Sta:§ 343 Ges:§ 90, 3), (Ph. בלת only: Tabnith-Inscr.:5)—†

1. adv. not, with an adj. 1 S 20:26 בִּלְתִּי טָהוֹר not clean, with a subst. Is 14:6 מַכַּת בִּלְתִּי סָרָה a stroke of non-cessation, i.e. a never-ceasing stroke, with a finite vb. (si vera l.) Ez 13:3 (RVm:but v. Dr:§ 41 Obs.). †

2. after a preceding negation, not = except (syn. זוּלָתִי), Gn 21:26 I have not heard בִּלְתִּי הַיּוֹם except to-day, Ex 22:19 he that sacrificeth בִּלְתִּי לי׳ except unto י׳, Nu 32:12, Jos 11:19: so בִּלְתִּי אִם Gn 47:18, Ju 7:14 (cf. כִּי אִם Gn 28:17, Ne 2:2). With sf. (attached to the ground-form בֵּלֶת) בִּלְתִּי except me †Ho 13:4, בִּלְתֶָּךָ expect thee † 1 S 2:2. †

3. conj. (likewise after a neg., expressed or implied) Gn 43:3 בִּלְתִּי אֲחִיכֶם אִתְּכֶם except your brother (be) with you, v:5 Nu 11:6 our soul is dry, there is nothing at all; save that our eyes are toward the manna, Is 10:4 (and where will ye leave your glory ?) save that they bow down under the prisoners, and fall under the slain! i.e. (iron.) their only refuge will be among the corpses of a battle-field. So בִּלְתִּי אִם Am 3:3, 3:4.—Dn 11:18, where no neg. precedes, it is difficult to extract a sense consistent with the gen. usage of בִּלְתִּי: Ges besides that his reproach he will return unto him, Ew only, nothing but, Hi certainly, Drechsler (on Is 10:4) nay, even (cf. RV).

4. With preps. a. לְבִלְתִּי:86 so as not..., in order not... negation of לְ sq. inf.), usually sq. inf. cstr., as Gn 4:15 gave a sign to Cain לְבִלְתִּי הַכּוֹת־אֹתוֹ in order that any finding him should not smite him, 19:21, 38:9, Ex 8:18, 8:25, 9:17, Lv 18:30, 20:4, 26:15, Dt 8:11, 17:12 the man that doeth presumptuously לְבִלְתִּי שְׁמֹעַ so as not to hearken etc. (cf. Je 16:12, 17:23, 18:10, 42:13, Dn 9:11) v:20, Ju 2:23 +; לְבִלְתִּי הוֹעִיל in order not to profit (the result represented forcibly as the design; cf. sub לְמַעַן) Is 44:10, Je 7:8; after vbs. of commanding Gn 3:11 which I commanded thee לְבִלְתִּי אֲכָל־מִמֶּנּוּ not to eat thereof, 2 K 17:15, Je 35:8 f.; 35:14, Ru 2:9, swearing Dt 4:21, Jos 5:6, Ju 21:7, Ez 20:15, agreeing 2 K 12:9, interceding Je 36:25. Once לְבִלְתִּי לְ 2 K 23:10 (cf. לְמַעַן לְ Ez 21:20, בַּעֲבוּר לְ 1 Ch 19:3). Twice as conj. with the impf., Ex 20:20, 2 S 14:14 (cf. בַּעֲבוּר, & מִן Dt 33:11). In Je 23:14, 27:18 sq. perf., which is inconsistent with the nature of a final conj.: rd. either יָשׁוּבוּ, יָבאֹוּ, or שׁוּב, בוֹא (cf. Dr:§ 41 Obs.). On Ez 13:3 v. supr. †b. מִבִּלְתִּי an account of not... (negation of מִן sq. inf.): sq. inf. Nu 14:16 מִבִּלְתִּי יְכֹלֶת י׳; a verbal noun Ez 16:28 מִבִּלְתִּי שָׂבְעָתֵח. †c. עַד־בִּלְתִּי until not..., sq. a perf. (Ges; RS:JPh xvi. 72), or an inf. (Ew:§ 238 d), in the phrase (לָהֶם) עַד־בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִיר־לוֹ שָׂרִיד until one left him (them) not a remnant, Nu 21:35, Dt 3:3, Jos 8:22, 10:33, 11:8, 2 K 10:11.—Jb 14:12 עַד־בִּלְתִּי שָׁמַיִם till there be no heaven (cf. עַד־בְּלִי Ps 72:7).

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† [בָּלַהּ] vb. trouble (Aram. ܒܰܠܗܺܝ, cf. Ar. بَلِهَ be weak in intellect; v. also בהל—only Pi. Pt. מְבַלֲהִים אותם לִבְנוֹת Kt (Qr מְבַהֲלִים needless) Ezr 4:4 troubled them in building.

בַּלָּהָה n.f. terror, dreadful event, calamity, destruction—בַּלָּהָה Is 17:14; pl. בַּלָּהוֹת Jb 18:11 + 7 t.; cstr. בַּלְהוֹת Jb 24:17; —

1. only pl. terrors Jb 18:11, 27:20, 30:15; מֶלֶח בּ׳ Jb 18:14 = death, cf. חַלְמָוֶת בּ׳ Jb 24:17.

2. calamity Is 17:14, pl. Ps 73:19; calamity, destruction Ez 26:21, 27:36, 28:19.

†I. בִּלְהָה n.pr.f. (etym. dub.) handmaid of Rachel, concubine of Jacob Gn 29:29, 30:3, 30:4, 30:5, 30:7, 35:22, 35:25 (sons Dan & Naphtali) 37:2 (prob. gloss, Ol) 46:25, 1 Ch 7:13.

†II. בִּלהָה n.pr.loc. a city of Simeon 1 Ch 4:29, prob. = בַּעֲלָה Jos 15:29, בָּלָה 19:3 cf. Di; site dub.

בִּלְהָן n.pr.m. 1. descendant of Esau Gn 36:27 = 1 Ch 1:42. 2. a Benjamite 1 Ch 7:10, 7:10.

בְּלוֹא v. sub בלה.

בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר n.pr.m. Dn 1:7, בֵּלְטְאשַׁצַָּר Dn 10:1 (prob. = Bab. balâṭsu-uṣur, protect his life! COT Dn 1:7 Dl in BD:Dn. p. ix; Hoffm:ZA 1887, 56 conj. אחר [ר]בלט שׁ Balaṭ ( = good Saturn?) protect the king!Dn 4:5 conn. with Bel, but name then inexplicable), name given to Daniel by Neb.

בְּלִי, בְּלִימָה, בְּלִיַּעַל v. sub בלה.

†I. בָּלַל vb. mingle, mix, confuse, confound (Ar. بَلَّ moisten (with water), cf. بَلَلُ moisture, As. balâlu, Dl:Pr 70; cf. Ph. בלל name of a sacrifice, & NH בִּלְבֵּל; Aram. בַּלְבֵּל, ܒܰܠܒܶܠ)—Qal Pf. בָּלַל Gn 11:9, בַּ֜לּֽתִֹּי Ps 92:11 (but cf. infr.); Impf. 1 pl. נָֽבְלָה = נָכֹ֫לָּה Gn 11:7, cf. Kö:i. 325; Pt. pass. בָּלוּל Ex 29:40 + 3 t., בְּלוּלָה Lv 2:5 + 28 t., בְּלוּלֽת Ex 29:2 + 4 t.;—

1. mingle, confuse (obj. שָׂפָה = speech, language, q.v.) Gn 11:7, 11:9 (J).

2. mix (cakes or flour, etc. always with oil) term. techn. sacrif., only P (H Lv 23:13), cf. Di on Lv 2:4; usually as מנחה, בַּשֶּׁמֶן׳ סֹלֶת בּ׳ Ex 29:40, Lv 2:5, 14:10, 14:21, 23:13, Nu 7:13, 7:19, 7:25, 7:31, 7:37, 7:43, 7:49, 7:55, 7:61, 7:67, 7:73, 7:79, Nu 8:8, 15:4, 15:6, 15:9, 28:5, 28:9, 28:12, 28:12, 28:13, 28:20, 28:28, 29:3, 23:9, 23:14, בשׁ׳ מנחה ב׳ Lv 7:10 (opp. חֲרֵבָה) 9:4, בשׁ׳ חַלּוֹת מַצּוֹת ב׳ Ex 29:2, Lv 7:12, 7:12, i.e. made by mixing with oil; סלת בשׁ׳ חלות מחות ב׳ Lv 2:4, בשׁ׳ סלת חלות ב׳ Nu 6:15, i.e. fine flour (in the form) of cakes so made. בַּ֜לּֽתִֹּי בְּשֶׁמֶן רַעֲנָן Ps 92:11 I shall be (am) anointed with fresh oil AV RV; vb. not elsewhere in this sense; LXX Vulgate Hup Che rd. בְּלֽתִי fr. בלה, inf. cstr. sf., abstr. for concrete, my wasting = my wasting strength, of declining age; Israel under figure of old man; this however is not favoured by context. The passage is therefore doubtful. Hithpo. Impf. יִתְבּוֹלָָל Ho 7:8; אפרים בעמים הוא י׳ Ephraim, among the peoples doth he mix himself; but Ew Now derive here fr. בלל = בלה (or נבל) waste away, cf. Hiph. Hiph. Impf. וַנָּ֫בֶל Is 64:5 and we faded away, but rd. perh. וַנִּכֹּל fr. נבל cf. Di (De, less probably, derives from בלל—cf. Ew Now Ho 7:8—or בול = נבל).

בְּלִיל n.m.:Is 30:24 fodder (Aram. ܒܠܺܝܠ; cf. Ar. بُلَّةُ moisture of fresh pasture)—בְּלִיל Is 30:24; sf. בְּלִילוֹ Jb 6:5, 24:6fodder (strictly, mixed fodder, farrago) Jb 6:5; as growing in field 24:6 cf. Is 30:24.

†II. [בָּלַל] vb. denom. to give provender—Qal Impf. וַיָּ֑בָל Ju 19:21 Qr (Kt ויבול) sq. לְ give provender to the asses.

שַׁבְּלוּל n.m. snail (Shaph. form, causing moisture, from notion of moisture or fluid in בלל);—name due to slimy trail Ps 58:9, שַׁבְּלוּל תֶּמֶס יַהֲלֽךְ.

תֶּ֫בֶל n.[m.] confusion, violation of nature, or the divine order—Lv 18:23, 20:12 (H) cf. Di on 18:15.

תְּבַלֻּל n.[m.] confusion, obscurity (on form cf. Ar. conj. v. Inf. Sta:§ 267) Lv 21:20 (H) בעינו ת׳ i.e. defective sight? cf. Di. (‖שֶׁבֶר, גִּבֵּן, דַּק, מְרוֹחַ אָָשֶׁח, etc.)

† [בָּלַם] vb. curb, hold in (NH id.,) Aram. בְּלַם, ܒܠܰܡ)—Qal Inf. לִבְלוֹם Ps 32:9, cf. Che.

118

בלס (cf. Eth. balasa: fig, Ar. بَلَسُ a kind of fig, cf. Lag:M. i. 59 f. 68 f.; hence following).

† [בָּלַס] vb. denom. gather figs, tend fig-trees, sycamores (LXX κνίζων, Vulgate vellicans, prob. properly to nip the sycamore fruit to fit it for eating, v. Tristr:Nat. Hist. Bib. 399 Bo:ii. cap. 39, p. 383 f.; Theodoret ap. Fi:Hexapl. ad loc. Theophrast:iv. 2)—Qal Pt. בּוֹלֵס, Am 7:14 שִׁקְמִים בּ׳.

בָּלַע vb. swallow down, swallow up, engulf (idea of quickness, suddenness) (NH id., Ar. بَلَعَ swallow, Eth. bal0a: eat, Aram. בְּלַע, ܒܠܰܥ; As. bêlû, Pi. destroy Zim:BP 27)—Qal Pf. בָּלַע Jb 20:15, sf. בְּלָעַנִי Je 51:34 (Qr, cf. LXX Kt נוּ-); 3 fs. בָּֽלְעָה Nu 16:30; 3 pl. sf. בְּלָעוּנוּ Ps 124:3; Impf. יִבְלָָע Jb 20:18, וַיִּבְלַע Ex 7:12, sf. יִבְלָעֶנָּה Is 28:4; 3 fs. וַתִּבְלַע Nu 16:32 + 2 t.; sf. תִּבְלָעֵנִי Ps 69:16, תִּבְלָעֵנוּ Nu 16:34, וַתִּבְלָעֵם Dt 11:6, תִּבְלָעֵמוֹ Ex 15:12; 3 mpl. sf. יִבְלָעֻהוּ Ho 8:7; 3 fpl. וַתִּבְלַעְנָה Gn 41:7, וַתִּבְלַעְןָ Gn 41:24; 1 pl. sf. נִבְלָעֵם Pr 1:12; Inf. לִבְלֽעַ Jon 2:1; sf. בִּלְעִי Jb 7:19; —

1. swallow down, c. acc. Jb 7:19, Is 28:4, subj. דָּג Jon 2:1; subj. שִׁבֳּלִים Gn 41:7, 41:24; מַטֶּה Ex 7:12.

2. swallow up, engulf, subj. אֶרֶץ Ex 15:12, Nu 16:30, 16:32, 16:34, 26:10, Dt 11:6, Ps 106:17; fig. of greed Jb 20:15 (obj. חַיִל; opp. קיא vomit); of violence, extortion Pr 1:12 (כִּשְׁאוֹל); of devastation by enemy Ho 8:7, Je 51:34, Ps 124:3; over-whelming by calamity Ps 69:16 (subj. מחולה); of full enjoyment, profit Jb 20:18 (no obj.) Niph. Pf. נִבְלַע Ho 8:8, נִבְלְעוּ Is 28:7; —swallowed up, i.e. devastated Ho 8:8; engulfed by wine (yet cf. Pi. Is 3:12) Is 28:7 (מן־היין נ׳, ‖שָׁגוּ בַשֵּׁכָר). Pi. Pf. בִּלַּע Is 25:8 + 3 t.; וּבִלַּע consec. Is 25:7; 3 pl. בִּלֵָּעוּ Is 3:12; 1 pl. בִּלָָּעְנוּ La 2:16, sf. בִּלַּעֲנוּהוּ Ps 35:25; Impf. יְבַלַּע־ Pr 19:28, sf. 3 ms. יְבַלְּעֶנּוּ Jb 8:18 Pr 21:20; יְבַלְּעֵם Ps 21:10; 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תְּבַלְּעֶנּוּ Ec 10:12; 2 ms. תְּבַלַּע 2 S 20:19, sf. וַתְּבַלְּעֵנִי Jb 10:8; 1 s. אֲבַלַּע 2 S 20:20, אֲבַלֵָּעַ Is 19:3; Imv. בַּלַּע Ps 55:10; Inf. בַּלַּע Nu 4:20, Hb 1:13, בַּלֵָּעַ La 2:8, sf. בַּלְּעוֹ Jb 2:3; Pt. sf. מְבַלְּעָָיִח Is 49:19; —1. swallow Nu 4:20 (כְּבַלַּע as a swallowing = for an instant); elsewhere 2. swallow up, engulf, usually c. acc., a. fig. of destruction, ruin, Is 3:12 (obj. דֶּרֶח); (Ba from a √ II. בלע confound, cf. Di; v. also 9:15, 19:3, 28:7, Ps 55:10, 107:27); subj. י׳ La 2:2, 2:5, 2:5, 2:8, Jb 2:3, 10:8, Ps 21:10 (‖אכל), Is 19:3 (obj. עֵחָה), i.e. confuse, confound; so Ps 55:10 בַּלַּע אֲדֹנָי פַּלַּג לְשׁוֹנָם confuse, Lord, divide their speech (cf. בלל Gn 11:7, 11:9 & v. De Che); subj. wicked men, enemies Ps 35:25, Is 49:19 cf. La 2:16 (abs.) Hb 1:13; obj. reflex. in sense Ec 10:12; = annihilate Is 25:7, 25:8; b. lit. = destroy 2 S 20:19, 20:20 (‖הִשְׁחִית); indef. subj. Jb 8:18 ממקמו יב׳; c. fig. for greedily (seize, adopt) practise Pr 19:28, for extravagance, squandering Pr 21:20. Pu. Impf. יְבֻלַּע 2 S 17:16, יְבֻלָָּע Jb 37:20; Pt. מְבֻלָּעִים Is 9:15; —be swallowed up, i.e. destroyed Jb 37:20; cf. פֶּן־יְבֻלַּע לַמֶּלֶח 2 S 17:16 (impers.); ruined Is 9:15 (yet cf. sub Pi.) Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. תִּתְבַּלָָּע Ps 107:27 (subj. חכמה) their wisdom is all gone, ‘ they are at their wit's end ’ (cf. sub Pi.)

†I. בֶּ֫לַע n.[m.] swallowing, devouring, thing swallowed.

1. swallowing = destruction, דִּבְרֵי־בָָלַע Ps 52:6 devouring words (‖לְשׁוֹן מִרְמָה).

2. thing swallowed בִּלְעוֹ, Je 51:44 וְהֹחֵאתִי את־ב׳ מִפִּיו and I will bring forth that which he hath swallowed out of his mouth.

†II. בֶּ֫לַע n.pr.m. 1. בֶּלַע Gn 36:32 = 1 Ch 1:43; בָָּלַע Gn 36:33 = 1 Ch 1:44 a king of Edom, בן בעור ב׳ (cf. בִּלְעָם & Di Gn 36:32). 2. בֶּלַע 1st son of Benjamin Gn 46:21, Nu 26:38, 26:40, 1 Ch 7:6, 7:7, 8:1, 8:3 (בָָּלַע). 3. בֶּלַע a Reubenite 1 Ch 5:8.

בַּלְעִי adj.gent. of 2, הַבּ׳ n. coll. Nu 26:38.

†III. בֶּ֫לַע n.pr.loc. city = חֹעַר q.v. Gn 14:2, 14:8. p. 858

בִּלְעֲדֵי v. sub בלה. p. 116

I. בִּלְעָם n.pr.m. Balaam (acc. to Sta:§ 293 = בלע + ם; Nbr:Stud. Bib. i, 226 prop. בל = בעל + (god) עם), son of בְּעוֹר, prophet fr. פְּתוֹר (q.v.):—Nu 22:5, 22:7, 22:8, 22:9 + 47 t. Nu 2224 (all JE) 31:8, 31:16 (P) Dt 23:5, 23:6 (D) (cf. R:D Jos 13:22) Jos 24:9, 24:10 (E) Mi 6:5, Ne 13:2.

†II. בִּלְעָם n.pr.loc. town in Manasseh 1 Ch 6:55; A Ιβλααμ, LXXL Ιεβλααμ = יִבְלְעָם (q.v.) Jos 17:11 + 2 t.; mod. Bel‰‘ame, 6 hours N. of Nâblus, Bd:Pal 228, so Survey:ii. 47.

† [בָּלַק] vb. waste, lay waste (As. balâḳu, Pi. destroy, Lyon:Sargon 61; cf. Ar. بَلُّوقَةُ a desert)—Po. Pt. without מ, sf. בּוֹלְקָהּ Is 24:1 (‖בּוֹקֵק, subj. י׳, obj. הארץ);—on form (which might also be Qal Pt.) cf. Ol:§ 254 Lag:GN 1882, 403; also בקק Po. Je 51:2, and intensive use of Inf. abs. Niph. Is 24:3; further Pu. (i.e. intens.) Pt. Na 2:11 (this however perhaps largely influenced by assonance). Pu. Pt. מְבֻלָּקָָה Na 2:11 (בּוּקָה וּמְבוּקָה ומב׳), devastated, or as subst. a devastated city.

בָּלָק n.pr.m. (devastator) king of Moab, בֶּן חִפּוֹר בּ׳ Nu 22:2, 22:4, 22:7 + 37 t. Nu 2224 (all JE) + Jos 24:9 (E) Ju 11:25, Mi 6:5.

119

בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר, בֵּלְאשַׁצַּר v. בֵּל sub בעל.

בִּלְשָׁן n.pr.m. (= inquirer? NH & Aram. בלשׁ; cf. sub בן) an Israelite who returned with Zerubbabel Ezr 2:2 = Ne 7:7.

[בֵּ֫לֶת], בִּלְתִּי v. sub בלה. p. 115

בָּמָה:104 n.f. high place (√appar. בום on account of firm ָ; cf. As. bâmâtê Zim:BP 48, Moab. במת MI:3:27)—Je 48:35 + 18 t.; הַבָּמָ֫תָה 1 S 9:13; pl. בָּמוֹת Nu 21:19 + 62 t.; cstr. בָּֽמֳתֵי Jb 9:8, Is 14:14, Am 4:13; בָּֽמֳו֯תֵי Dt 32:13, Is 58:14, Mi 1:3 (Ew:§ 211 d Ges:§ 87, 5 archaic fem. cstr. with retracted accent before monosyl. in poetry, bâmŏ-thê not bŏm); sf. בָּמֹתַי 2 S 22:34 + 3 t.; בָּמוֹתַי Ps 18:34 + 10 t.;—

1. high place, mountain: בָּמוֹת יָעַר forest mountains Mi 3:12 = Je 26:18; במות עולם ancient mountains Ez 36:2; במות ארנן Nu 21:28 (E poet.)

2. high places, battle-fields, the chief places of the land giving possession, victory, dominion: על במותיך on thy high places (Gilboa, the battle-field) 2 S 1:19, 1:25 (in v:19 LXX has a doublet מֵתֶיךָ thy dead, v. We Dr). a. of Israel: רכב על במתי ארץ ride upon the high places of the land Dt 32:13 & Is 58:14 cf. Dt 33:29, Ps 18:34 = 2 S 22:34, Hb 3:19. b. of God: דרך על במתי ארץ tread upon the high places of the earth Am 4:13 cf. Mi 1:3; במתי ים Jb 9:8; עלה על במתי עב (aspiration of the king of Babylon) Is 14:14.

3. high places, as places of worship, at first on hills and mountains, later on artificial mounds or platforms, under green trees, and in cities; still later for the chapels erected thereon, and once apparently for a portable sanctuary (decked with diverse colours) Ez 16:16. The ancient worship of Israel was conducted on these high places. In the times of Samuel and David they ascended to them, descended from them, and offered sacrifices on them, 1 S 9:12–25, 10:5, 10:13 (הבמה for הביתה We Dr). The custom continued in the reign of Solomon, but Gibeon was הבמה הגדולה 1 K 3:2–4 cf. 1 Ch 16:39, 21:29, 2 Ch 1:3, 1:13. High places of Baal were also used Nu 22:41 (E) Je 19:5, 32:35; of Moab Is 15:2, 16:12, Je 48:35 (cf. MI:27); these must be demolished Nu 33:52 (J). Solomon built במות (platforms or chapels) to Chemosh and Milkom on the Mt. of Evil Counsel opposite Jerusalem 1 K 11:7: Jeroboam made temples on the ancient high places of Dan and Bethel 1 K 12:31, 12:32, 2 Ch 11:15; they are called במות און Ho 10:8, במות ישׂחק Am 7:9: the kings of Israel built במות and בתי הבמות in all their cities 2 K 17:9, and the people worshipped there 2 K 17:11; these were also used by the mixed population after the exile of Israel 2 K 17:29, 17:32, 17:32: these various idolatrous high places were first destroyed by Josiah 1 K 13:2, 13:32, 13:38, 2 K 23:5–20, 2 Ch 34:3. The worship of Yahweh on high places continued in Judah until the exile 1 K 22:44, 2 K 15:35; the sanctity code predicts that Yahweh will destroy them Lv 26:30; they were regarded as the reason for the rejection of Shiloh Ps 78:58. The compiler of Kings, writing from the point of view of the Deut. code, complains רַק הַבָּמוֹת לאֹ סָרוּ 2 K 12:4, 14:4, 15:4, 15:35 cf. 2 Ch 15:17, 20:33, and praises the few pious kings who destroyed them. a. Rehoboam built במות with מחבות & אשׁרים on every high hill and under every green tree 1 K 14:23. b. Asa did not remove the high places 1 K 15:14 (2 Ch 14:2, 14:4 is incorrect unless במות בעל). c. Jehoshaphat in his reform on the basis of the covenant code did not remove them 1 K 22:44 (עוֹד הֵסִיר אֶת־הַבָּמוֹת 2 Ch 17:16 is doubtless incorrect, possibly rd. מחבות); Jehoram, his son, made high places in the cities of Judah 2 Ch 21:11 (LXX Vulgate; not mountains HCT); and Ahaz sacrificed on high places on the hills and under every green tree and in every city of Judah 2 K 16:4, 2 Ch 28:4, 28:25; cf. Mi 1:5 (rd. חטאת? so LXX SyrVer Targum Che al.; yet cf. JBL:1890, 73 f.) d. Hezekiah removed them 2 K 18:4, 18:22, 2 Ch 31:1, 32:12, Is 36:7; but Manasseh rebuilt them 2 K 21:3, 2 Ch 33:3, 33:19, and the people continued to sacrifice thereon to Yahweh 2 Ch 33:17. e. Josiah, in his reform, based on the Deut. code, defiled them and brake them down from Geba to Beersheba 2 K 23:5, 23:8, 23:9; but subsequently there were במות התפת in the valley of Ben Hinnom Je 7:31, and במות throughout Judah Je 17:3 cf. Ez 6:3, 6:6, 20:29 (questioned by Ew & Co).

4. funereal mound (?) Ez 43:7 (Thes, but in their high places AV RV; in their death Targum Theod Ew Hi RVm), Is 53:9 (Lowth Ew Bö Rodwell Orelli; but in his death AV RV, or martyr death De Che Br).

בָּמוֹת n.pr.loc. (high place or great high place) place in Moab Nu 21:19, 21:20 = בָּמוֹת בַּעַל Nu 22:41, Jos 13:17 possibly on Mt. ‰‘ Aṭṭarûs cf. Di.

בִּמְהָל n.pr.m. (= בֶּן־מ׳ son of circumcision? cf. sub בן) descendant of Asher 1 Ch 7:33.

בְּמוֹ v. sub בּ, p. 91.

בָּמוֹת v. sub במה. above

בֵּן:4870 n.m. son (MI Ph. בן; so Sab. CIS:iv. No. 2, cf. בני DHM:Sem. Sprachforsch. 6; Ar. اِبْنُ; As. bin(u), Lyon:Sargon 9, 1. 57; esp. in bin-bin, grandson COT:Gloss, cf. Dl infr.; Aram. בַּר, ܒܰܪ, pl. בְּנִין, ܒܢܺܝܢ; cf. Palm., esp. Vog:No. 21. 31. 36a al.; possibly orig. connected with בנה build, so Thes, cf. As. bânu, begetter (Dl:Pr 104 & cf. Ba:ZMG 1887, 638 ff.); but all traces of this √ lost in Heb. form; √ perh. orig. bilit. (בִּן, בֵּן) …בַּן v. Sta:§ 183)—abs. בּ׳ Gn 4:25 +; בֵּֽן־ Ez 18:10; cstr. בֵּן Gn 49:22, 49:22; בֶּן־ Gn 5:32 +; בֶּן Est 2:5, Ne 6:18, & c. prefix Gn 17:17, Nu 8:25, 1 Ch 27:23, 2 Ch 25:5, 31:16, 31:17; בְּנוֹ Nu 23:18, 24:3, 24:15; בְּנִי Gn 49:11; בִּן Dt 25:2; בִּן־ Ex 33:11 + 32 t. (29 t. in combination בִּן־נוּן (ישׁוע, הושׁע) יהושׁע); sf. בְּנִי Gn 21:10 +; בִּנְךָ Ex 20:10 +; לִבֱנ֑ךָ Dt 7:3, 1 K 11:13; בְּנֵךְ Gn 30:14 +; בְּנוֹ Gn 4:17 +; בְּנָהּ Gn 21:10 +; pl. בָּנִים Gn 3:16 +; cstr. בְּנֵי Gn 6:2 +; sf. בָּנַי Gn 31:43 +; בָּנֵינוּ Jos 22:25 +; בְּנֵיכֶם Ex 3:22 +, etc.;—

1. son, male child, born of a woman Gn 4:25, 16:11, 16:15, 17:19 cf. v:16, 18:10, 18:14, 19:37, 19:38 + oft., cf. בֶּן־בִּטְנָהּ Is 49:15; begotten by a man Gn 5:4 f; 5:28, 6:10, 11:11 f. + oft.; ‖בַּת (בָּנוֹת) daughter Gn 5:4, 5:7, 5:10 f., 11:11, 11:13, 11:15 f., Ex 20:10, Dt 5:14, 16:11, 16:14, 1 S 30:3, 30:6, Jb 1:2, 42:13 +; of son as desired Gn 30:2 (cf. 15:2, 16:2, 17:17, 18:10 f., 1 S 1:5–11) 2 K 4:14, 4:28, Ps 127:3 +; rejoiced in Gn 30:6 +; beloved Ex 21:5, 2 S 19:1, 19:3, 19:5, 1 K 3:26; cared for Dt 1:31; spared Mal 3:17; disciplined & trained Dt 8:5, Pr 3:12, 13:24, 19:18, 29:17; owing reverence, obedience, etc. to parents Pr 6:20, 10:1, 13:1; בִּנְךָ בְּכוֹרְךָ thy first-born son Gn 27:32; הַבֵּן הַבְּכֹר Dt 21:15 cf. 1 S 8:2; בְּנָהּ הַגָּדֹל her elder son Gn 27:15, 27:42; בְּנוֹ הַגָּדֹל 27:1; בְּנָהּ הַקָּטָן her younger son Gn 27:15, 27:42. In partic. a. בֶּן־אִמּוֹ son of his mother, i.e. own (uterine) brother Gn 43:29, cf. 27:29, Ju 8:19, Ps 50:20, 69:9, & v. אֵם; בְּנֵי אָבִיךָ sons of thy father = brethren Gn 49:8 (poet.) †b. בְּנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן = cousins Nu 36:11. c. בְּנִי my son, as term of kindliness or endearment, used by Eli to Samuel 1 S 3:6, 3:16 cf. 4:16, 24:17, 26:17, 26:21, 26:25, v. also Pr 1:8, 1:10, 2:1 +; cf. בִּנְךָ, used by Benhadad of himself to Elisha 2 K 8:9; by Ahaz to Tiglath-pileser 16:7; esp. to express intimate and gracious relation with God: י׳ calls Israel בְּנִי בְכֹרִי Ex 4:22 cf. v:23, Ho 11:1, v. also Ps 80:16 (but cf. Che); בָּנִם אַתֶּם ליהוה אלהיכם Dt 14:1; בְּנֵי עֶלְיוֹן Ps 82:6 (‖אלהים); בְּנֵי אֵל־חָָי Ho 2:1; cf. further Dt 32:5 (pl.) v:20 (pl.) Is 1:2, 1:4, 30:1, 30:9, Je 3:14, 3:22, 4:22, 31:20; of future Davidic king 2 S 7:14 = 1 Ch 17:13 cf. Ps 2:7; expressly referred to Solomon 1 Ch 22:10, 28:6; also of children (offered in fire) Ez 16:21. d. בְּנֵי האלהים applied to supernatural beings Gn 6:2, 6:4, Jb 1:6, 2:1; בְּנֵי אלהים Jb 38:7; בְּנֵי אֵלִים Ps 29:1 (on which cf. Che's note) 89:7. e. בֶּן־אָדָם son of man, cf. בְּנֵי א׳, v. אָדָם; † בְּנֵי אִישׁ Ps 4:3 & (‖בני אדם) 49:3, 62:10. † f. בֶּן־בִּנְךָ = thy grandson Ex 10:2, Dt 6:2, Ju 8:22 cf., Je 27:7; pl. Ex 34:7, Dt 4:9, 4:25, Ju 12:14, 2 K 17:41, 2 Ch 8:40, Jb 42:16, Ps 128:6, Pr 13:22, 17:6, Ez 37:25; also בֵּן alone with similar reference Gn 29:5 (Laban son of Nahor); Laban calls his daughters' children his own sons Gn 31:28, 31:43 cf. 32:1; so of Naomi Ru 4:17; בְּנֵי רְבִעִים 2 K 10:30 sons of the fourth generation, and, in general, descendants Jos 22:24, 22:25, 22:27 +; v. also sub i. infr. g. constantly, as more precise designation, added to personal name כָּלֵב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה Nu 14:30, 32:12, 34:19 +; יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן Nu 11:28, 14:30, 32:12, 32:28, 34:17 +; יָרָבְעָם בֶּן־נְבָט 1 K 12:2, 12:15 +, etc.; also without personal name (often with implication of contempt) בֶּן־קִישׁ 1 S 10:11; בֶּן־יִשַׁי 1 S 20:27, 20:30, 20:31, 22:7, 22:8, 22:9, 22:13, 25:10, 2 S 20:1; בְּנֵי חְרוּיָה 2 S 16:10; בֶּן־רְמַלְיָהוּ Is 7:4, 7:5, 7:9, 8:16; בֶּן־טָֽבְאַָל Is 7:6; cf. also בְּנֵי לֵוִי Nu 16:7, 16:8. h. designated as בֶּן־זְקֻנִים i.e. born in old age of father Gn 37:3; opp. בְּנֵי הַנְּעוּרִים sons of one's youth Ps 127:4; also בֶּן־בֵּיתִי one born in my house Gn 15:3 (i.e. slave) so בְּנֵי בַיִת Ec 2:7. i. in various combinations: (α) as expression of contumely, בֶּן־ נַעֲוַת הַמַּרְדּוּת 1 S 20:30; בֶּן־הַמְּרַצֵּחַ הַזֶּה 2 K 6:32 this son of a murderer; cf. בְּנֵי־נָבָל Jb 30:8; בְּנֵי בְלִי־שֵׁם ib.; בְּנֵי עֹנֲַנָה Is 57:3 (‖זֶרַע מְנָאֵף); cf. בֶּן־אִשָּׁה אַחֶרֶת Ju 11:2 (cf. v:1); (β) as term of respect, dignity, בֶּן־חוֹרִים son of nobles Ec 10:17 (in Aram. = free born); בֶּן־חֲכָמִים Is 19:11; בֶּן־מַלְכֵי־קֶדֶם ib.; cf. בֶּן־מֶלֶךְ Ps 72:1 (‖מֶלֶךְ); בֶּן־אֲמָתֶָךָ Ps 86:16 in addressing י׳ (‖עַבְדֶָּךָ) & בְּנֵי־עֲבָדֶיךָ Ps 102:29; of noble appearance בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ Ju 8:18. j. oft. pl. with name of ancestor, people, land, or city, to denote descendants, inhabitants, membership in a nation or family, etc.: (α) e.g. בְּנֵי־עֵבֶר Gn 10:21; בְּנֵי־חֵת Gn 23:3, 23:5, 23:7, 23:10, 23:10, 23:11, 23:16, 23:18, 23:20, 25:10, 49:32 (all P); (בְּנֵי־שֵׁת Nu 24:17 v. sub 8); בְּנֵי־חֲמוֹר Gn 33:19, Jos 24:32; בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו Gn 36:5, 36:15, 36:19, Dt 2:4, 2:8, 2:12, 2:22, 2:29, בְּנֵי שֵׂעִיר Gn 36:20, 36:21; הִנֹּם(בני)בֶּן־ Jos 15:8 + (cf. sub גַּיְא); בְּנֵי לוֹט Dt 2:9, 2:19, Ps 83:9; בְּנֵי־יוֹסֵף (lit. Gn 46:27, 48:8, 1 Ch 5:1) Nu 1:32, 26:28, 26:37, 34:23, 36:5 (י׳ מַטֵּה ב׳) + 6 t. Jos, cf. Ps 77:16; even בְּנֵי חֲחִי שֵׁבֶט מְנַשֶּׁה 1 Ch 5:23; בְּנֵי דָוַיד (lit. 2 S 8:18 = 1 Ch 18:17, 1 Ch 3:1, 3:9) 2 Ch 13:8, 23:3, 32:33; בְּנֵי אָסָף 2 Ch 29:13, Ezr 2:41, 3:8 + (v. אָסָף); בְּנֵי קֹרַח in titles of Ps 4249, 84, 85, 87, 88; esp. (β) בְּנֵי־עַמּוֹן (standing designation of people of Ammon) Gn 19:38 + 81 t. (cf. עַמּוֹן & Nö:ZMG 1886, 171 Dr:Sm 66); בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב (lit. Gn 34:7, 34:13, 34:25, 34:27, 35:5, 35:22, 35:26, 49:2) 2 K 17:34, Ps 105:6, Mal 3:6 cf. Ps 77:16; & chiefly (γ) בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל (lit. Gn 42:5, 45:21, 46:5, Ex 1:1) Ex 1:7 + 613 t., incl. Hex 427 (of which 328 P, 49 E, 25 J, 25 D), Ju 61, SK Ch 73 (23 in ref. to ancient history, 10 in opp. to Judah); so also Vrss & var. sometimes for בֵּית יִשׂ׳, e.g. Jos 21:43 + v. Di, Ez 3:1 + v. Co; also the reverse Ez 2:3 al.; note esp. יִשְׂרָאֵל עַם בּ׳ Ex 1:9; יִשְׂרָאֵל עַמִּי בּ׳ Ex 3:10, 7:4; עֲדַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ex 16:1, 16:2, 16:9, 16:10, 17:1, Lv 16:5, 19:2, Nu 1:2, 1:53, 8:9, 8:20, 13:26, 15:25, 15:26, 17:6, 19:9, 25:6, 26:2, 31:12 (all P); יִשׂ׳ דֹּרוֹת ב׳ Ju 3:2; וְכָל־הָעָם יִשׂ׳ כָּל־ב׳ 20:26; וּבְּנֵי הַלֵּוִי יִשׂ׳ ב׳ Ne 10:40; also (δ) בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה (lit. Gn 46:12, 26:19, 1 Ch 2:3, 2:10, 4:1) Nu 1:26 + 18 t. Nu Jos, Ju 1:8, 1:9, 1:16 (so rd. also v:21, v:21 cf. Jos 15:53 & v. sub בנימן) 2 S 1:18, 1 Ch 4:27 + 8 t. Chr, Je 7:30 + 4 t. Je; Ho 2:2, Jo 4:6, 4:8, 4:19, Ob:12 (not in K, of Judah or of any other tribe, except בְּנֵי לֵוִי 1 K 12:31) incl. מַטֵּה בְּנֵי יהוּדָה Jos 15:1, 15:20, 15:21, 21:1, 1 Ch 6:50; for usage with other tribes of Isr., v. the articles;—but note (ε) †בְּנֵי לֵוִי (lit. Gn 46:11, Ex 6:16, Nu 3:17, 1 Ch 5:27, 6:1 cf. 23:6) Ex 32:28, Nu 3:15, 16:7, 16:8, 18:21, Jos 21:10 (as including sons of Aaron etc.); כָּל־בְּנֵי לֵוִי Ex 32:26; ל׳ כָּל־אַחֶיךָ ב׳ Nu 16:10; ל׳ הַכֹּהֲנִים ב׳ Dt 21:5, 31:9 cf. 1 K 12:31 & Mal 3:8, 1 Ch 23:24, 23:27, 24:20, Ezr 8:15 (distinguished from priests) Ne 12:23, Ez 40:46 (including בְּנֵי חָדוֹק the priests); also ל׳ מַחֲנוֹת ב׳ 1 Ch 9:18; בְּנֵי הַלֵּוִי 1 Ch 12:27, Ne 10:40; בְּנֵי הַלְּוִיִם 1 Ch 15:15, 24:30 (cf. also לֵוִי); (ζ) בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן (lit. Ex 28:1, 28:40, 1 Ch 5:29, 24:1; oft. Aaron and his sons lit. Ex 27:21, 28:1, 28:4 +) Lv 3:5, 3:8, 3:13, 6:7, 6:11, 7:10, 7:83, Jos 21:10, 1 Ch 6:35, 6:39, 6:42, 15:4 (+ Levites) 24:1, 24:31, Ne 12:47; also הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּנֵי א׳ Lv 1:5, 1:8, 1:11, 2:2, 3:2, Nu 3:8, 10:8 & Jos 21:19, 2 Ch 31:19 cf. 26:18, 29:21, 35:14, 35:14; בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן Lv 1:7, Jos 21:4 (as subdivision of Levites) v:13 cf. Lv 7:34; אֶת־כֹּהֲנֵי יהוה אֶת־בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן וְהַלְּוִּיִּם 2 Ch 13:9 cf. v:10; once in sing. הַכֹּהֵן בֶּן־אַהֲרֹן Ne 10:39; v. also sub אַהֲרֹן; (η) † בְּנֵי חָדוֹק Ez 40:26, 44:15 הכהנים הלוים בני חדוק; 48:11 הכהנים הַמְַקֻדָּשׁ מנגי חדוק (LXX Sm Co join מ of מבני to preceding word, making pl.); (φ) בְּנֵי with names of peoples, lands, and cities, בְּנֵי כֻּ שִׁיִּים Am 9:7; בְּנֵי מִחְרַיִם Ez 16:26; בְּנֵי אַשּׁוּר Ez 16:28, 23:7, 23:9, 23:12, 23:23; אֶדֶץ הַבְּרִית ב׳ Ez 30:5 (Co del. ארץ); בָּבֶל ב׳ Ez 23:15, 23:17, 23:28; יְרוּשָׁלַם ב׳ Jo 4:6; חִיּוֹן ב׳ Jo 2:23, La 4:2, Ps 149:2 (cf. Zc 9:13). Vid. further (ι) בְּנֵי עַמֶָּךָ Lv 19:18 cf. 20:17, Nu 22:5, Ju 14:16, 14:17, Ez 3:11, 33:2, 33:12, 33:17, 33:30, 37:18, Dn 12:1 בְּנֵי פָּרִיחֵי עַמְּךָ Dn 11:14; (κ) קֶבֶר בְּנֵי הָעָם 2 K 23:6, 2 Ch 35:5, 35:7, 35:12; קִבְרֵי בְּנֵי הָעָם Je 26:23; (λ) בְּנֵי־קֶדֶם Gn 29:1, Ju 7:12, 8:10, 1 K 5:10, Jb 1:3, Is 11:14, Je 49:28, Ez 25:4, 25:10; † (μ) בְּנֵי הַמְּדִינָה Ezr 2:1 = Ne 7:6; (ν) of bulls, בְּנֵי בָשָׁן Dt 32:14 (song) cf. K1o:SK 1872. 254 Di.

2. children (male and female) Gn 3:16, 21:7, Ex 21:5, 22:23; hence בְּנֵי מְנַשֶּׁה הַוְּכָּ רִים Jos 17:2 male children, בֵּן זָכָר Je 20:15.

3. youth, young men (pl.) Pr 7:7, Ct 2:3.

4. the young of animals Lv 22:28 (שׁוֹר אוֹ שֶׂה) cf. Dt 22:6, 22:7, 1 S 6:7, 6:10, Zc 9:9, Jb 4:11, 28:8, 39:4, 39:16; —בֶּן־בָּקָר etc. v. sub 7 b infr.

5. of plant-shoots בֵּן פֹּרָת Gn 49:22, 49:22; also בֵּן Ps 80:16 ? (‖כַּנָּה; see Che trans. & crit. n.)

6. fig. of lifeless things, בְּנֵי רֶשֶׁם sparks Jb 5:7; stars עַיִשׁ עַל־בָּנֶיהָ Jb 38:32; arrows בֶּן־קָָשֶׁת Jb 41:2; בְּנֵי אַשְׁפָּתוֹ La 3:13; cf. בֶּן־גָּרְנִי i.e. corn of my threshing-floor Is 21:10.

7. a. member of a guild, order or class, † בְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים i.e. those belonging to the prophetic order 1 K 20:35, 2 K 2:3, 2:5, 2:7, 2:15, 4:1, 4:38, 4:38, 5:22, 6:1, 9:1 (Hoffm RS:Proph, 85, 388, K 15 f.; Zehnpfxund:BAS i, 355 comp. As. mâr šipri (šiprâtum), son of a messenger = messenger, and explains from the son's succeeding to father's calling) & בֶּן־נָבִיא Am 7:14; prob. also † בְּנֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים 1 Ch 9:30, Ezr 2:61, 10:18; † בְּנֵי הַשֹּׁעֲרִים Ezr 2:42; cf. בְּנֵי הַגְּדוּד 2 Ch 25:13 men of the troop, v. Palm. בנישירתא men of the caravan Vog:No, 4 al.; also בְּנֵי הַגּוֹלָה = exilesEzr 4:1, 6:19, 6:20, 8:35, 10:7, 10:16 (v. גולה sub גלה): further, in בֶּן־נֵכָר = foreigner (only P, poet., & late) † Gn 17:12, 17:27, Ex 12:43, Lv 22:25, Ez 44:9, 44:9; ־הַנּ׳ב׳Is 56:3; בְּנֵיִ־נֵכָר2 S 22:45, 22:46 = Ps 18:45, 18:46, Ne 9:2, Is 60:10, 61:5, 62:8, Ez 44:7, Ps 144:7, 144:11, בְּנֵי־הַנּ׳ Is 56:6; also בְּנֵי הַתּוֹשָׁבִּים הַגָּרִים עִמָּכֶם Lv 25:4, 25:5. b. of animals, בֶּן־בָּקָר son of (the) herd, i.e. young one of the herd, בָּקָר וּבְנֵי בָקָר 1 S 14:32 cf. עֵגֶל בֶּן־בָּקָר Lv 9:2 (P); then, in general, one of the herd: fit for food Gn 18:7, 18:8 (J), for sacrifice Nu 15:8, 15:9 (P); בן־הַב׳ only Lv 12:6 (P); esp. פַּר בֶּן־בָּקָר Ex 29:1, Lv 4:3, 4:14, 16:3, 23:18, Nu 7:15 + 16 t. Nu (all P) + 2 Ch 13:9, Ez 43:19, 43:23, 43:25, 45:18, 46:6; פָּרִים בְּנֵי בָּקָר Nu 28:11, 28:19, 28:27, 29:13, 29:17 (P); also בְּנִי אֲתֹנוֹ Gn 49:11 (poem, J; ‖עִירֹה); בְּנֵי־חֹאן Ps 114:4, 114:6; בֶּן־רְאֵמִים Ps 29:6; בְָּנֵי הָרַמָּכִים Est 8:10; יּוֹנָה(הַ)בְּנֵי Lv 1:14 + 7 t. Lv + Nu 6:10 cf. בֶּן־יוֹנָה Lv 12:6 (all P); בְּנֵי־ נָ֑שֶׁר Pr 30:17; בְּנֵי עֹרֵב Ps 147:9.

8. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc. esp. † (α) חַיִל(בני)בֶּן־ = mighty man 1 S 14:52, 18:17, 2 S 2:7, 13:28, 17:10, 17:10, 1 K 1:52 + 7 t. Ch; אֲנָשִׁים בני ח׳ Ju 18:2, 2 K 2:16; אֶלֶף אִישׁ מִבְּנֵי הֶחָָיִל Ju 21:10; † (β) בְּנֵי עַוְלָה wicked men 2 S 3:34, 7:10, 1 Ch 17:9, Ho 10:9; בֶּן־ע׳ Ps 89:23 (for בני בליעל v. בליעל); † (γ) בְּנֵי מֶָרִי rebles Nu 17:25 (cf. בַּיִת); † (δ) בְּנֵי הַתַּעֲרֻבוֹת sons of pledges = hostages 2 K 14:14 = 2 Ch 25:24; † (ε) בְּנֵי מָוֶת i.e. those deserving of death 1 S 26:16; so בֶּן־מות 2 S 12:5; בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה appointed or exposed to death Ps 79:11, 102:21; cf. † (ζ) בִּן הַכּוֹת one worthy of smiting Dt 25:2; † (η) בְּנֵי עָֹנִי Pr 31:5; † (θ) בְּנֵי חֲלוֹף Pr 31:8; † (ι) בְּנֵי שָׁאוֹן Je 48:45 = tumultuous ones; so also (= שֵׁאת) בְּנֵי שֵׁת Nu 24:17 cf. RV Di al.; † (κ) כְּנֵי הַיִּחְהָר Zc 4:14 i.e. anointed ones; † (λ) בֶּן־מֶשֶׁק Gn 15:2 son of possession, i.e. heir; † (μ) הֵילֵל בֶּן־שָָׁחַר Is 14:12 son of dawn; † (ν) of animals בְּנֵיִ שָָׁהַץ i.e. proud beasts Jb 28:8, 41:26; (ξ) of Jonah's gourd בִּן־לַיְלָה Jon 4:10, 4:10; † (ο) of a fertile hill קֶרֶן בֶּן־שֶׁמֶן Is 5:1.

9. n. relat. of age: a. of men, וַיְהִי נֹחַ בֶּן־הֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה Gn 5:32 cf. 7:6 + 71 t. P; Gn 50:26, Jos 14:7. 14:10, 24:29 (all E); Nu 32:11 (J), Dt 31:2; also Ju 2:8, 1 S 4:15, 2 S 4:4, 19:33, 19:36, 1 Ch 2:21, 23:3, 23:24, 23:27, 27:3, 2 Ch 24:15, 25:5, 31:16, 31:17, Ezr 3:8, Is 65:20, 65:20, Je 52:1; + 41 t. S K Ch of kings of accession; note esp. (incl. in above) the phrase מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָָעְלָה Ex 30:14, 38:26, Nu 1:3 + 21 t. Nu 13 + 26:2, 26:4, 32:11, 1 Ch 23:24, 23:27, 2 Ch 25:5, Ezr 3:8; cf. Lv 27:7, Nu 8:24, 26:62, 1 Ch 23:3 & without מעלה Nu 8:25, 18:16; also מִבֶּן עשׂרים שׁנה וְעַד בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה Lv 27:3 cf. v:5, v:6; מִבֶּן שׁלשׁים שׁנה ומעלה ועד בן־חמשׁים שׁנה Nu 4:3, 4:3 + 12 t. Nu 4; מבּן שׁלושׁ שׁנים וּלְמַ֫עְלָה 2 Ch 31:16 cf. v:17; & לְמִבֶּן עשׂרים שׁנה וּלְמָָטָּה 1 Ch 27:23. b. of animals, (Hex all P, incl. H) בֶּן־שָׁנָה Ex 12:5, 29:38, Lv 9:3, 23:18, 23:19, Nu 7:17 + 28 t. Nu 7, 28, 29; also Mi 6:6; בֶּן־שְׁנָתוֹ Lv 12:6, 23:12, Nu 6:12, 6:14 + 12 t. Nu 7; also Ez 46:13.

Note.—בן appears perh. abbrev. as בּ in a few cpd. n.pr.; v. בִּדְקַר (= בֶּן־דקר?), בִּלְשָׁן, בִּמְהָל, בַּעֲלִיס, בַּעֲנָה, בִּרְשַׁע, בִּשְׁלָם (so MV after Schol. Hamâsa:3 ed. Freytag; Rö:de libr, hist, interpr, Arab, 20, 21; but this is very uncertain, cf. O1:§ 227 b, p. 613).—On Lag.'s explan. of אבי in some n.pr. as for אבן = בן cf. Lag:BN 75 & v. אבינר p. 4, etc., but this is dub.

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בֵּן n.pr.m. a Levite 1 Ch 15:18, but del. LXX Be Öt cf. v:20.

בֶּן־אֲבִינָדָב n.pr.m. (?) (son of Abinadab) an officer of Solomon 1 K 4:11; but cf. אבינדב p. 4.

בֶּן־אוֹנִ֑י n.pr.m. (son of my sorrow) Rachel's name for Benjamin (cf. infr.) Gn 35:18.

בֶּן־גֶּ֫בֶר n.pr.m. (son of a man, or of Geber) an officer of Solomon 1 K 4:13.

בֶּן־דֶּ֫קֶר n.pr.m. (?) (son of Deker) an officer of Solomon 1 K 4:9.

בֶּן־הֲדַד n.pr.m. (appar. son of (god) Hadad = Aram. ܒܰܪ ܗܰܕܰܕ, SyrVer ܒܰܪ ܗܳܕܳܕ PS cf. Bae:Rel 68; also Bab. Bin-addu-natan etc., Pinches:PB Feb. 1883, 71; As. Bir-Dadda COT 1 K 20:1 Hpt:Hbr 1885, 224, but cf. LXX υἱὸς ̓́Αδερ, & Dl:ZK, ii, 1885, 161 f.; v. also Schr:KG 375 ff, 538 f.) name for king of Aram Je 49:27; in partic.;—

1. time of Asa & Baasha 1 K 15:18, 15:20 = 2 Ch 16:2, 16:4.

2. son of 1. (cf. 1 K 20:34) As. Dad-idri COT (Bir-idri Dl:1. c.) 1 K 20:1, 20:3, 20:5, 20:9, 20:10, 20:16, 20:17, 20:20, 20:26, 20:30, 20:32, 20:33, 20:33, 2 K 6:24, 8:7, 8:9.

3. son of Hazael 2 K 13:3, 13:24, 13:25 cf. Am 1:4.—Vid. הדד.

בֶּן־זוֹהֵת n.pr.m. one of tribe of Judah, 1 Ch 4:20 וּבְנֵי יִשְׂעִי זוֹהֵת וּבֶן־ווֹהֵת.

בֶּן־חוּר n.pr.m. (son of Chur) an officer of Solomon 1 K 4:8. P. 301

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 24:27 as n.pr.m. in AV RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

בֶּן־חַ֫יִל n.pr.m. (son (man) of might) a prince of Jehoshaphat 2 Ch 17:7.

בֶּן־חָנָן n.pr.m. one of tribe of Judah 1 Ch 4:20.

בֶּן־חֶ֫סֶד n.pr.m. (son of mercy) an officer of Solomon 1 K 4:10.

בֶּן־עַמִּי n.pr.m. (son of my people) son of Lot by his younger daughter, and ancestor of the Ammonites (בְּנֵי־עַמּוֹן v. עַמּוֹן) Gn 19:38.

בְּנֵי־בְרַק n.pr.loc. city of Dan (in As. Banai-barḳa COT Jos 19:45) Jos 19:45; —mod. Ibn Abraḳ, or Ibraḳ, c. 1 1/4 hour S. of E. from Jaffa, Scholz:Beise 256 Di, cf. Map Bd:Pal & Survey:ii 251.

בְּנֵי יַעֲָקָן n.pr.loc. a station of Israel in wilderness Nu 33:31, 33:32 (= בְּאֵרוֹת בני יעקן Dt 10:6 q.v., p. 92; cf. also יַעֲקָָן 1 Ch 1:42 = וַעֲקָָן Gn 36:27, & Di Nu 33:31).

בִּנְיָמִין Gn 35:18 +; usually בִּנְיָמִן n.pr.m.:166 (son of (the) right hand)—

1. youngest son of Jacob, so called by him, but by Rachel, the mother, who died at Benjamin's birth, called בֶּן־אוֹנִי (q.v.) Gn 35:18; own brother of Joseph Gn 35:24, 42:4, 43:29, 45:12; cf. 42:36, 45:15, not found45:34 +; name of tribe of Benjamin Nu 1:11, Dt 27:12, 33:12, Ju 5:14 + 23 t. Ju; 32 t. S K Chr; Ho 5:8, Ez 48:23, Ob:19, Ps 68:28, 80:3; בְּנֵי בנימן (lit. Gn 46:21) of tribe Nu 1:36, 2:22, 7:60, 26:38, 26:41, Jos 18:20, 18:28, Ju 20:3, 20:14, 20:15, 20:18, 20:21, 20:23, 20:24, 20:28, 20:30, 20:31, 20:32, 20:36, 20:48, 21:18, 21:20, 21:23, 2 S 2:25, 4:2, 23:29, 1 Ch 8:40, 9:3, 9:7, 11:31, 12:17, 12:30, Ne 11:4, 11:7, 11:31, Je 6:1, Ju 1:21, 1:21 (but בני יהודה in ‖ם Jos 15:63 cf. Bu:RS 7); explicitly מַטֵּה בִנְיָמִן Nu 1:37, 2:22, 13:9, 34:21, Jos 21:4, 1 Ch 6:45 cf. Jos 21:17; מַטֵּה בְנֵי ב׳ Nu 10:24, Jos 18:11, 18:21, 1 Ch 6:50; שֵׁבֶט ב׳ 1 S 10:20, 10:21, 1 K 12:21; observe also כָּל־שִׁבְטֵי ב׳ Ju 20:12 cf. 1 S 9:21; אִישׁ בִּנְיָמִן Ju 20:41, 1 S 4:12 cf. אִישׁ מִבִּן־יָ֯מִין 1 S 9:1; אֶרֶץ בִּנְיָמִן Ju 21:21, 1 S 9:16, 2 S 21:14, Je 1:1, 17:26, 32:44, 33:13, 37:12 cf. 32:8; גְּבוּל ב׳ 1 S 10:2, Ez 48:22 (del. Co) v:24; בֵּיח בִּנְיָמִן 2 S 3:19; בֵּית יְהוּדָה וּב׳ 1 K 12:23, 2 Ch 11:1; in name of a temple-gate הָעֶלְיוֹן שַׁעַר ב׳ Je 20:2 cf. 37:13, 38:7, Ez 48:32, Zc 14:10. †

2. a son of Bilhan and great-grandson of Benjamin 1. 1 Ch 7:10. †

3. a Jew of Ezra's time Ezr 10:32 cf. Ne 3:23, 12:34.—בנימן בני פרץ 1 Ch 9:4 Kt rd. with Qr בָּנִי מִן־בְּנֵי פ׳.

בֶּן־יְמִינִי adj.gent. from בִּנָימִן

1. 1 S 9:21, Ps 7:1; בֶּן־הַיְמִינִי Ju 3:15, 2 S 16:11, 19:17, 1 K 2:8; pl. בְּנֵי יְמִינִי 1 S 22:7, Ju 19:16; לַבְּנ֯ יְמִינִי 1 Ch 27:12 (Qr לַבֵּן יְמִינִי); = יְמִינִי (q.v.) 1 S 9:4 +.

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בְּנִי֑נוּ n.pr.m. (our son? O1:§ 277 b. p. 613) a levite Ne 10:14.

I. בַּת:587 n.f. daughter (= …בַּנְתְּ fr. בן; Ph. בת, MI בנת pl. maidens, As. bintu Winckler:Sargon, Gloss., Ar. بِنْتُ; Sab. בת, בנת DHM:ZMG 1883, 391 CIS:iv. l, No. 6. 21; Aram. ܒܰܪܬ)—ב׳ abs. Ex 1:16 +; cstr. Gn 11:29 +; sf. בִּתִּי Dt 22:16 +; בִּתְּךָ Gn 29:18 +; בִּתֵּנוּ Gn 34:17 etc.; pl. בָּנוֹת Gn 5:4 +; cstr. בְּנוֹת Gn 6:2 +; sf. בְּנֹתַי Gn 31:26+; בְּנוֹתֶיךָ Gn 19:12 +; בְּנֹתָם Gn 34:21; בְּנוֹתֵיהֶם Dt 12:31 +, etc.;—

1. daughter, female child, born of a woman Gn 30:21, 34:1, Ex 1:16, 1:22, 21:4, Lv 12:6, Ho 1:6, cf. Gn 20:12, Lv 18:9, Dt 27:22 +; begotten by a man Gn 5:4, 5:7, 5:10, 11:11, 11:13, 11:15 cf. Gn 11:29, 19:8, 20:12, 28:2, Lv 19:9, Dt 27:22 +; oft. ‖בֵּן son Gn 5:4; 5:7 + (v. בֵּן); cf. in allegory of Jehoash 2 K 14:9 = 2 Ch 25:18; note esp. בְּנוֹת הָאָדָם i.e. human women Gn 6:2, 6:4; בִּתְּךָ הַפְּטַנָּה thy younger daughter Gn 29:18 (cf. הַצְּעִירָה v:26 opp. הַבְּכִירָה); בִּתִּי הַגְּדוֹלָה my eldest daughter 1 S 18:17; מֶּלֶךְ(הַ)בַּת־ = princess 2 Ch 22:11, 2 K 9:34, Dn 11:6 cf. 2 S 13:18, Je 41:10, 43:6, Ps 45:10; cf. as term of praise בַּת־נָדִיב Ct 7:2; in partic. † a. girl called בִּתֵּנוּ by father and brothers Gn 34:17 cf. בִּתְּכֶם v:8. † b. of adopted daughter Est 2:7, 2:15. † c. used in speaking to daughter-in-law Ru 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 2:2, 2:8, 2:22, 3:1, 3:16, 3:18. † d. בַּת־אָבִיו = sister Ez 22:11 (appos. אחזתו); also half-sister Gn 20:12 בַּת־אָבִי אַךְ לאֹ בַת־אִמִּי, cf. Lv 18:9 & v:11 בַּת־אֵשֶׁת אָבִיךָ, 20:17. † e. בַּת־דֹּדוֹ = cousin Est 2:7. † f. used in kindly address, בִּתִּי Ru 3:10, 3:11 (Boaz to Ruth), cf. Ps 45:11; בְּנוֹתַי in mouth of י׳ Is 43:6 (‖בָּנַי). † g. בְּנוֹת בָּנָיו = granddaughters Gn 46:7 (P) cf. Lv 18:10 & v:17 (H); note also Gn 37:35, where בנותיו must include other than actual daughters. h. רִבְקָה בַּת־בְּתוּאֵל (as more precise designation) Gn 25:20 cf. 24:23, 24:24, 24:47, 24:47 also 26:34, 26:34, 29:10 +; note esp. † בַּת־ פַּרְעֹה (without personal name) Ex 2:5, 2:7, 2:8, 2:9, 2:10 cf. 1 K 3:1, 7:8, 9:24, 11:1, 2 Ch 8:11; בַּת־אִישׁ כְּנַעֲנִי וּשְׁמוֹ שׁוּעַ Gn 38:2 cf. v:12 (but cf. 1 Ch 2:3 sub בַּת־שׁוּעַ n.pr.f. infr.) † i. oft. pl. as designation of women of a particular city, land, or people: בְּנוֹת חִיּוֹן Is 3:16, 3:17, 4:4, Ct 3:11 cf. Is 49:22, 60:4, La 3:51; בְּנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלַם Ct 1:5, 2:7, 3:5, 3:10, 5:8, 5:16, 8:4; בְּנוֹת־שִׁילוֹ Ju 21:21, 21:21; בְּבוֹת רַבָּה Je 49:3; observe transitional phrase בְּנוֹת אַנְשֵׁי הָעִיר Gn 24:13; further בְּנוֹת כְּנָ֑עַן Gn 28:1, 28:6, 28:8, 36:2 (all P) cf. הַכְּנַעֲנִי ב׳ Gn 24:3, 24:37 (J); בְּנוֹת הָאָרֶץ Gn 27:46, 34:1 (both P); בְּנוֹת מוֹאָב Nu 25:1, Is 16:2 cf. Nu 21:29; הֵּת ב׳ Gn 27:46, 27:46 (P); פְּלִשְׁתִּים ב׳ Ju 14:1, 14:2, 2 S 1:20הָֽעֲרֵלִים ב׳ v:20 (poet.); יִשְׂרָאֵל ב׳ Ju 11:40, 1 S 1:24 (poet.); יְהוּרָה ב׳ Ps 48:12, 97:8; מְנִשֶּׁה ב׳ Jos 17:6; דָּן ב׳ 2 Ch 2:13; cf. בַּת־לַוֵי Ex 2:1 i.e. a woman of tribe of Levi; also אַחֶיךָ ב׳ Ju 14:3; עַמֶָּךָ ב׳ Ez 13:17.—בֵּת־חִיּוֹן etc. v. sub 3 infr. †

2. young women, women Gn 30:13 (J) Pr 31:29, Ct 2:2, 6:9; בָּנוֹת בֹּטְחוֹת Is 32:9; also בַּת הַנָּשִׁים Dn 11:17. †

3. with name of city, land, or people, poet. personif. of that city or inhabitants, etc.: בַּת־חִיּוֹן Is 1:8, 10:32, 16:1, 62:11, Mi 1:13, 4:8, 4:10, 4:13, Je 4:31, 6:2, 6:23, Zp 3:14, Zc 2:14, 9:9, Ps 9:15, La 1:6, 2:1, 2:4, 4:22, even זִקְנֵי בת־חיון La 2:10; ח׳ חוֹמַת ב׳ v:8; v:18; also ־ח׳בְּתוּלַת ב׳ 2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22, La 2:13; ־ח׳שְׁבִּיָּה ב׳ Is 52:2; יְרוּשָׁלַם ב׳ 2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22, Mi 4:8, Zp 3:14, Zc 9:9, La 2:13, 2:15; cf. בַּת־פּוּחַי Zp 3:10 daughter of my dispersed ones; בַּת־חֹר Ps 45:13; בָּבֶל ב׳ Je 50:42, 51:33, Ps 137:8; בָּבֶל בְּתוּלַת ב׳ Is 47:1; v. further Zc 2:11; also of Tarshish Is 23:10, Sidon v:12 (+ בְּתוּלַת), Dibon Je 48:18 (+ יוֹשֶׁבֶת), Gallim Is 10:30; בְּתוּלַת ־יְהוּדָהב׳ La 1:15; cf. מִבְאְרֵי בַּת יְהוּדָה 2:2; בַּת־עַמִּי daughter of my people Is 22:4, Je 4:11, 6:14, 6:26, 8:11, 8:19, 8:21, 8:22, 8:23, 9:6, La 3:48, 4:3, 4:6, 4:10, י׳ בְּתוּלַת ב׳ Je 14:17; בַּת־מִחְרָָיִם Je 46:24; also 46:11 (+ בְּתוּלַת), v:19 (+ יוֹשֶׁבֶת); אֱדוֹם ב׳ La 4:21, 4:22; כַּשְׂדִּים ב׳ Is 47:1, 47:5; note הַבַּת הַשּׁוֹבֵבָָה Je 31:22 (‖בְּתוּלַת יִשְׂרָאֵל v:21) 49:4 (= Ammon); on בַּת־אֲשֻׁרִים Ez 27:6 v. sub אֲשֻׁרִים p. 81; less often in pl. בְּנוֹת הַגּוֹיִם Ez 32:16; אַדִּרִם גּ׳ ב׳ v:18 (these perh. sub 1 i); בְּנוֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּים Ez 16:27 (in allegory); cf. also of Sodom, Samaria, Syria etc. v:44, v:45, v:46, v:46, v:53, v:55, v:55, v:57, v:57, 23:2.

4. pl. = villages, after name of city, וּבְחֶשְׁבּוֹן וּבְכָל־בְּנֹתֶיהָ Nu 21:25 cf. v:32, 32:42 (E) Jos 15:45, 15:47, 15:47 (JE ?) + v:28 LXX Di, 17:11 (6 t.) v:16 (J) = Ju 1:27, 1:27, 1:27, 1:27, 11:26, 11:26, Je 49:2 + 17 t. Ch + 6 t. Ne 11:25–31. On 1 Ch 18:1 & its variation from ‖ 2 S 8:1 vid. We Dr.

5. in phrases denoting character, quality, etc., בַּת־אֵל נֵכָר daughter of a strange god, i.e. idolatrous (woman or people) Mal 2:11; בַּת־גְּדוּר daughter of a troop, i.e. war-like city Mi 4:14; בְּנוֹת הַשִּׁיר Ec 12:4 the daughters of song, i.e. songs, melodious notes; בַּת־בְּלִיַּעַל 1 S 1:16 v. בְּלִיַּעַל sub בלה. †

6. בַּת יַעֲנָה = ostrich Lv 11:16 = Dt 14:15; pl. בְּנוֹת יַעֲנָה Jb 30:29, Mi 1:8, Is 13:21, 34:13, 43:20, Je 50:39 (v. יַעֲנָה); בַּת־עַיִן pupil of the eye La 2:18 cf. Eth. bnta: 9ayn: v. also אישׁוֹן

7. fig. לַעֲלוּקָה שְׁתֵּי בָנוֹת Pr 30:15 two daughters (i.e. Shₑ’ôl & the barren womb, cf. Comm.) †

8. of vine = branch בָּנוֹת חָֽעֲרָה עֲלֵי־שׁוּר Gn 49:22 cf. Di & v: sub בֵּן. †

9. as n. relat. (all P), of age of woman בַּת־תִּשְׁעִים שָׁנָה Gn 17:17; of ewe-lamb בַּת־שְׁנָתָהּ Lv 14:10, Nu 6:14; of she-goat id. Nu 15:27. Cf. בֵּן 9.—II. בַּת v. sub בתת p. 144.

בַּת־רַבִּים n.pr.loc. (daughter of multitudes) appellation of populous city of Heshbon, or of its gate, Ct 7:5 (‖חֶשְׁבּוֹן).

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בַּת־שֶׁ֫בַע n.pr.f. (daughter of oath ? cf. אֱלִישֶׁ֫בַע) wife of Uriah 2 S 11:3, Ps 51:2; afterwards of David, & mother Solomon 12:24, 1 K 1:11, 1:15, 1:16, 1:31, 2:13, 2:18, 2:19; בַּת־שָָׁבֵע 1 K 1:28; cf. also foll.

בַּת־שׁוּעַ n.pr.f. (?) (daughter of opulence?)—

1. wife of David, mother of Solomon, etc. 1 Ch 3:5 = בַּת־שֶׁ֫בַּע q.v.; We Klo בַּת־שֶׁ֫רַע cf. Be; but prob. text. error. v. Dr on 2 S 11:3.

2. wife of Judah 1 Ch 2:3 הַכְּנַעֲנִית ־שׁ׳ב׳, RV Bathshua but in ‖ Gn 38:2, 38:12 not a n.pr. (cf. v:2).

בִּתְיָה n.pr.f. (= בַּת יָהּ i.e. worshipper of Yah? cf. Ph. n.pr.f. בתּבעל) 1 Ch 4:18 wife of Mered of Judah, called בַּת־פַּרְעֹה.

בָּנָה:373 vb. build (MI, Nab. Eut:No.1 בנה, Ph. בן, Ar. بَنَا, As. banû COT:Gloss. cf. Ba:ZMG 1887, 640, Sab. בני CIS:iv, 1, No, 56, Aram. בְּנָא, ܒܢܳܐ, Palm. בנא Vog:No. 31)—Qal Pf. ב׳ Dt 20:5 +, בָּֽנְתָה Pr 9:1, 14:1, בָּנִיתָ Dt 6:10, בָּנִתָה 1 K 9:3; וּבָנִ֫יתָ consec. Dt 20:20 +; בָּנִיתְ Ez 16:25; בָּנִתִי 1 K 8:13 +; pl. בָּנוּ Gn 11:5 +, etc.; Impf. יִבְּנֶה Dt 25:9 +; juss. וְיִבֶן Ezr 1:3, וַיִּבְנֶה Jos 19:50 + 2 t., וַיִּ֫בֶן Gn 2:22 +; sf. יִבְנֵ֫הוּ Jb 20:19; 3 fs. וַתִּ֫בֶן 1 Ch 7:24, Zc 9:3; אֶבְנֶה 2 S 7:27 +; pl. יִבְנוּ Is 65:22 +, etc.; Imv. בְּנֵה Nu 23:1 +; pl. בְּנוּ Nu 32:24 +; Inf. abs. בָּנֹה 1 K 8:13; cstr. בְּנוֹת 1 Ch 6:17 +, etc.; Pt. act. בֹּנֶה (בּוֹנֶה) Gn 4:17 +; cstr. בֹּנֵה Ps 147:2; pl. בּוֹנִים (פֹּנִים) Ezr 4:1 +; cstr. בֹּנֵי 1 K 5:32, 5:32, etc.; pass. בָּנוּי Ct 4:4 Ju 6:28; f. בְּנוּיָה Ps 122:3; pl. בְּנוּיִם Ne 7:4; —build,

1. (lit.) a. c. acc. (α) of city (Hex only JE) Gn 4:17, 10:11, 11:4, 11:5 (+ tower) v:8 (all J & his sources); Ex 1:11, Nu 32:24, Jos 24:13 (all E) Ju 1:26, 18:28 + 22 t. K Ch + Je 32:31, Ps 122:3 (pt. pass.) cf. Hb 2:12; of village (חָחֵר) Ne 12:29; v. also sub rebuild, i. infr.; (β) house Gn 33:17 (J), elsewhere in Hex only Dt 6:10, 8:12, 20:25, 22:8, 28:30; also 2 S 5:11, 1 K 22:39, 1 Ch 14:1, 2 Ch 2:2, Pr 24:27, Am 5:11, Zp 1:13, Is 65:21, Je 35:7, 35:9 cf. Zc 5:11; as sign of security Ez 28:26 cf. 11:3; of luxury Ec 2:4 cf. Je 22:14; of permanent residence 1 K 2:36, Je 29:5, 29:28; esp. of temple 1 K 3:1, 5:32, 6:2 + oft. SK Chr; fig. of wisdom's house Pr 9:1; esp. build temple ליהוה etc. 2 S 7:5, 7:7, 1 K 6:1 (= began to build) + 13 t. Chr + Is 66:1; לְשֵׁם י׳ etc. 2 S 7:13, 1 K 5:17 + 8 t. K, 13 t. Ch; לְךָ לְשִׁמְךָ 2 Ch 20:8; לִהְיוֹת שְׁמִי שָׁם 1 K 8:16, 2 Ch 6:5; לָשׂוּם שְׁמִי שָׁם 1 K 9:3; obj. chambers, or stories 1 K 6:5, 6:10, court 6:36, Ho 8:14 perh. of idol-temples; cf. 1 K 16:32; Ps 78:69 of Yahweh's building his sanctuary, 147:2 Jerusalem, Ps 127:1 a house; also Am 9:6 his chambers in the heavens; of Sol.'s palace 1 K 7:1, 7:2, 9:1, 9:10 +; (γ) of a fortress 2 Ch 17:12, 27:4 cf. of Tyre Zc 9:3 (מָחוֹר); (δ) of wall 1 K 3:1, Is 60:10, Ez 13:10, 2 Ch 33:14 (cf. 27:8) Ne 4:4, 6:1 +; (ε) gate 2 K 15:35 = 2 Ch 27:3; (ζ) tower Is 5:2, 2 Ch 26:9, 26:10, 27:4 cf. fig. Ct 8:9 & pt. pass. Ct 4:4 (in sim.); † (η) siege-works against (עַל־) a city Dt 20:2 (מָחוֹר), Ec 9:14 (מְחוֹדִים), 2 K 25:1 = Je 52:4, Ez 4:2 (all דָּיֵק), & so (without עַל־) Ez 17:17, 21:27; cf. בנה עָלַי, abs. La 3:5 (in fig.); (θ) altar Gn 22:9, 35:7, Ex 17:15, 20:25, 24:4, Nu 23:1, 23:14, 23:29, (all E), Gn 26:25, Ex 32:5 (both J), Jos 22:11 + 6 t. Jos 22 (all P) Ju 6:28 (pt. pass.) 21:4 + 6 t. K Ch; oft. sq. ליהוה etc. Gn 8:20, 12:7, 12:8, 13:18 (all J), Dt 27:5, 27:6, Jos 8:30 (E) Ju 6:24, 6:26 + 8 t. S K Ch; † (ι) high places (בָּמָה) 1 K 11:7, 14:23, 2 K 17:9, 21:3, 23:13, 2 Ch 33:8, 33:19, Je 7:31, 19:5, 32:35; cf. גַּב Ez 16:24, 16:31 (both ‖רָמָה) & רָמָה v:25; † (κ) חִיּוּן Ez 39:15; also † (λ) גִּדְרֹת חאֹן Nu 32:16 (E); † (μ) מיּ֯סַךְ הַשַּׁבָּת 2 K 16:18. † b. c. acc. of material Ex 20:25 (E) 1 K 6:36, 18:32, 15:22 = 2 Ch 16:6, Ez 27:5; c. בְּ of material 1 K 6:15, 6:16, 15:17, 2 Ch 16:6; cf. † c. וַיִּבֶן אֶת־הַצֵּלָע לְאִשָּׁה Gn 2:22 and he (Yahweh) fashioned the rib into a woman. † d. abs. 2 S 5:9, 1 K 6:16, Is 9:9, Je 1:10, 18:9, 22:18, 31:28, Is 65:22 + 12 t. Chr + Mal 1:4, Ec 3:3 (opp. פרץ); also e. Pt. act. = builder 1 K 5:32, 5:32 + 6 t. Chr + Ez 27:4, Ps 118:22, 127:1. † f. c. indef. obj. 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6. † g. וַיִּבֶן אֶת־הָהָר = and he built on the hill 1 K 16:24. † h. sq. בְּ build at Zc 6:15, Ne 4:11 (cf. בְּ 1 2 b, p. 88). † i. = rebuild Jos 6:26, 1 K 16:34, Am 9:14, Is 45:13, Ps 69:36, Ne 2:5, Dn 9:25 all of city; cf. phrase בנה חָרְבוֹת עוֹלָם Is 58:12, 61:4 & Ez 36:36, Mal 1:4, Jb 3:14; of walls Mi 7:11, 2 Ch 32:5, Ne 2:17, 3:33, 3:35, 3:38, 6:6, Ps 51:20 (act. of י׳); of gate Ne 3:1, 3:13, 3:14, 3:15; temple Zc 6:12, 6:13, Ezr 1:3; altar 2 Ch 33:16 (Qr וַיִּבֶן so Bö < Kt ויכן, fr. כון, so Öt), Ezr 3:2; high places 2 K 21:3 = 2 Ch 33:3; in some of these apparently an idea of merely repairing; so, sts. with added notion of enlarging etc., city Nu 32:34, 32:37, 32:38 (E) Jos 19:50 (P) Ju 21:23, 2 K 14:22 = 2 Ch 26:2, 1 Ch 11:8, 2 Ch 8:2, 11:6 cf. Mi 3:10; Millo 1 K 9:24, 11:27; cf. house Jb 20:19.

2. fig. a. build a house (בית) = perpetuate and establish a family; subj. Leah & Rachel Ru 4:11; subj. a brother Dt 25:9; subj. י׳ (promise to David) 1 S 2:35, 2 S 7:27, 1 K 11:38, 1 Ch 17:10 and 17:25; (to Solomon) 1 K 11:38; cf. further סֻכַּת דָּוִד Am 9:11 (rebuild, restore); = cause a household to flourish Pr 14:1 cf. opp. 27:18; also of establishing David's throne Ps 89:5. b. build up Israel (after exile) subj. י׳ Je 24:6, 31:4, 33:7, 42:10 cf. 45:4 & Ps 28:5; obj. Zion Ps 102:17. † Niph. Pf. נִבְנָה 1 K 3:2, 6:7, נִבְנְתָה Nu 13:22, Ne 7:1, וְנִבְנְתָה consec. Je 30:18 + 2 t.; 2 fs. וְנִבְּנֵית consec. Je 31:4; 3 pl. נִבְנוּ Mal 3:15; וְנִבְנוּ consec. Je 12:16, Ez 36:33; Impf. יִבָּנֶה Jb 12:14 + 4 t.; 3 fs. תִּבָּנֶה Nu 21:27 + 3 t.; 2 ms. תִּבָּנֶה Jb 22:33, אִבָּנֶה Gn 16:2, וְאִבָּנֶה Gn 30:3; 3 fpl. תִּבָּנֶינָה Ez 36:10; 2 fpl. תִּבָּנֶינָה Is 44:26; Inf. לְהִבָּנוֹת Hg 1:2 Zc 8:9, בְּהִבָּנֹתוֹ 1 K 6:7, 6:7; Pt. נִבְנֶה 1 Ch 22:19; —1. a. be built, (lit.) of city Nu 13:22; of temple 1 K 3:2 (לְשֵׁם י׳) 1 K 6:7, 6:7, 6:7; (c. acc. mater.); Pt. = to be built (gerundive) 1 Ch 22:19. b. be rebuilt: of city of Sihon Nu 21:27 cf. Is 25:2, 44:26, of wall of Jerusalem Ne 7:1, of Jerusalem Je 30:18, 31:4, 31:38, Is 44:28 cf. Dn 9:25 תָּשׁוּב וְנִבְנְתָה, & Ez 26:14 (c. עוֹד), of ruinous places (הֶחֳרָבוֹת) Ez 36:10, 36:33, of a devoted city Dt 13:17 (c. עוֹד), of temple Hg 1:2, Zc 1:16, 8:9, indef. subj. Jb 12:14. 2. a. (fig.) of restored exiles, = established Je 12:16, of prosperous wicked Mal 3:15, of repentant offender Jb 22:23. b. established, made permanent, subj. חֶסֶד Ps 89:3 (c. עוֹלָם), subj. בַּיִת Pr 24:3 (by wisdom). c. of childless wife, by means of concubine אִבָּנֶה מִמֶּגָּה Gn 16:2, 30:3 I shall be built up, i.e. become the mother of a family, from or through her; cf. Qal 2 a.

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בּוּנִּי v. בֻּנִּי infr. below

בִּנּוּיn.pr.m. 1. head of a family that returned with Zerubbabel Ne 7:15 (= בָּנִיEzr 2:10 & perh. Ezr 10:34 cf. Sm:Listen 14; but BeRy prop. here בִּגְוַי). 2. a Levite of Ezra's time Ezr 8:33, Ne 10:10 (prop. = בָּנִי 8:7, בֻּנִּי 9:4) 12:8 cf. 3:24 (בַּוַי, text. err. v:18) v. BeRy; also Ezr 2:40 = Ne 7:43 לִבְּנֵי rd. perh. לְבִנֻּי cf. Sm:Listen 16 but BeRy otherwise; cf. further Gr:Gesch.ii.2, 389. 3. Israelites of Ezra's time, a. Ezr 10:30; b. Ezr 10:38.

בָּנִי n.pr.m. 1. one of David's heroes 2 S 23:36 בָּנִי הַגָּדִי (‖ 1 Ch 11:38 has בֶּן־הַגְרִי, but v. Dr:Sm). 2. Levites, a. 1 Ch 6:31; b. Ne 3:17 cf. 8:7 (= בִּנּוּי 10:10) 9:4, 9:4 (repeated prob. by error, cf. BeRy) v:5, 10:14, 11:22. On Ezr 2:40 = Ne 7:43 cf. Gr:Gesch. ii. 2, 389; he reads קדמיאל בני for קדמיאל לבני, taking בני as n.pr., as 3 Ezr 5:26 Καδμιηλου καὶ Βαννου. 3. a man of Judah 1 Ch 9:4 (מִן) בָּנִי Qr ( > Kt בנימן). 4. Ezr 2:10 rd. בִּנּוּי cf. ‖ Ne 7:15. 5. heads of families of Isr. a. Ezr 10:29; b. Ne 10:15; c. Ezr 10:34 but perh. rd. בִּנּוּי or בִּגְּוַי cf. supr. 6. an Israelite Ezr 10:38.—(בני as n.pr. Palm Vog:No. 94.)

בֻּנִּי n.pr.m. 1. Levites, a. Ne 9:4, but rd. perh. בִּנּוּי cf. BeRy & vid. 10:10, 12:8, Ezr 8:33; b. בּוּנִּי (בֶּן) Ne 11:15, but rd. perh. מִן בְּנֵי etc. cf. BeRy. 2. a chief of people Ne 10:16, perh. repetit. of בָּנִי v:15 cf. BeRy.

בִּנְיָה n.f. structure, building Ez 41:13, cf. also בִּנְיָן.

בְּנָיָ֫הוּ, בְּנָיָה n.pr.m. (Yah hath built up, cf. יבנאל, Sab. בנאל DHM:ZMG 1883, 15)—

1. one of David's captains and heroes, son of Jehoiada, בניהו 2 S 8:18, 23:20, 23:22, 1 K 1:8, 1:10, 1:26, 1:32, 1:36, 1:38, 1:44, 2:25, 2:29, 2:30, 2:30, 2:34, 2:35, 2:46, 4:4, 1 Ch 11:24, 18:17, 27:5, 27:6 cf. v:34 (v. Be); = בניה 2 S 20:23, 1 Ch 11:22.

2. one of David's thirty, בניהו 2 S 23:30 = בניה 1 Ch 11:31, 27:14.

3. a Simeonite, בניה 1 Ch 4:36.

4. Levites, a. בניהו 1 Ch 15:18, 15:20, 15:24; b. (id.) 2 Ch 31:13; c. בניה 2 Ch 20:14.

5. Israelites, בניה a. Ezr 10:25; b. v:30; c. v:35; d. v:43; e. Ez 11:13 = בניהו v:1.

בִּנְיָן n.m. structure (loan-word = ܒܶܢܝܳܢ acc. to Lag:BN 205) applied a. to enclosing wall of Ezekiel's temple Ez 40:5; b. to rear-building of same 41:12, 41:12, 41:15, but rd. prob. בִּנְיָה q.v.; so Sm Co; c. appar. to whole temple 42:1, 42:10 (Co rds. הבית); cf. v:5 (del. Co);—Sm refers v:1 to enclosing wall, vid. a.

יַבְנְאֵל n.pr.loc. (Ēl causeth to build; cf. בניהו, יַבְנֶה)—

1. town in Judah Jos 15:11; (LXXL ̓Ιαβνηλ) = יַבְנֶה (q.v.) 2 Ch 26:6; = Gk. Iamnia, mod. YebnaBd:Pal 161.

2. town in Naphtali Jos 19:33.

יַבְנֶה n.pr.loc. (he causeth to build) a Philistine city 2 Ch 26:6 LXXL ̓Ιαβνη (Β̓Αβεννηρ) cf. ̓Ιεμναθ LXXL Jos 15:46 (A ̓Ιεμναι); = יַבְנְאֵל

1. q.v.

† I. יִבְנְיָה n.pr.m. (Yah buildeth up, cf. בניהו) a Benjamite 1 Ch 9:8a LXX Βανααμ, LXXL ̓Ιεβναα.

† II. יִבְנְיָה n.pr.m. (id.; al. יִבְנִיָּה but v. Baer's n.) a Benjamite 1 Ch 9:8b LXX Βαναια, but LXXL ̓Ιεχονιου.

† [מִבְנֶה] n.m. structure, cstr. כְּמִבְנֵה־עִיר Ez 40:2 like the structure of city.

מְבֻנַּי n.pr.m. one of the David's heroes 2 S 23:27 rd. prob. סִבְּכַי1 Ch 11:29 cf. Dr:Sm.

תַּבְנִית n.f. construction, pattern, figure —תּ׳ abs. 1 Ch 28:19; cstr. Ex 25:9, 25:9 + 14 t. + Ez 8:10 (del. Co); תַּבְנִיתוֹ 2 K 16:10, תַבְנִיתָם Ex 25:40

1. app. originally construction, structure, yet only P & late: תַּבְנִית מִזְבַּה י׳ Jos 22:28; cf. Ps 144:12 in sim. הֵיכָל בְּנוֹתֵינוּ כְזְוִיּוֹת מְחֻטָּבִים תּ׳ carved acc. to the construction of a palace, palace-fashion.

2. pattern, acc. to which anything is to be constructed (P & late), of tabernacle Ex 25:9, utensils of tab. v:9, v:40; an altar 2 K 16:10 תַּבְנִיתוֹ לְכָל־ מַעֲשֵׂהוּ (disting. fr. דְּמוּת); temple 1 Ch 28:11 cf. v:12 chariot, i.e. cherubim 1 Ch 28:18; מַלְאֲכוֹת הַתּ׳ 1 Ch 28:19 i.e. objects of which the patters is given.

3. figure, image, Hex only D, of idols in form of animals Dt 4:16, 4:17, 4:17, 4:18, 4:18; elsewhere late Is 44:13, Ez 8:10 (del. B Co) Ps 106:20; cf. יָד תּ׳ Ez 8:3, 10:8 i.e. something like a hand.

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בנט (assumed as √ of אַבְנֵט, Thes Sta:§ 257).

אַבְנֵט n.[m.] girdle —א׳ abs. Ex 28:4 +; אַבְנֵֽטְךָ» Is 22:21; cstr. Ex 39:29; אַבְנֵטִים Ex 28:40; —girdle, of high priest Ex 28:4, 28:39, 39:29, Lv 8:7, 16:4; of priests Ex 28:40, 29:9, Lv 8:13 (all P); of high official Is 22:21.—Josephus:iii. 7. 2 ἀβανήθ; cf. further Lag:Ges. Abh. 39.

בֵּנַ֫יִם v. sub [בַּיִן]. p. 107

בִּנְעָא n.pr.m. a descendant of Jonathan 1 Ch 8:37, 9:43.

בְּסוֹדְיָהָ n. pr. m. (? in the secret of Yah) Israelite in Nehemiah's time Ne 3:6.

בֵּסַי n. pr. m. head of a family of Nethinim, בְּנֵי־בֵסַי Ne 7:52 = ־בֵסָָיב׳ Ezr 2:49.

בסר (be too early, Ar. بَسَرَ, cf. Aram. בְּסִירָה half-ripe).

בֹּ֫סֶר n. m.:Is 18:5 unripe or sour grapes coll. (NH id., Aram. בּוּסְרָא, ܒܶܣܽܪܬܳܐ; Ar. بُسْرُ unripe dates)—בֹּסֶר Is 18:5 + 3 t. בִּסְרוֹ Jb 15:33; —unripe grapes Is 18:5, Jb 15:33; sour g. Je 31:29, 31:30, Ez 18:2.

בעד (Ar. بَعِدَ, بَعُدَ be remote, distant, Qor 9:42, بَعِيدُ distant; Eth. ba9ada: to change, Ps 33 title, b9ud: different, distinct, b49d: another).

בַּ֫עַד:105 subst. prop. separation, with a gen., in separation from, in usage a prep. away from, behind, about, on behalf of (Ar. بَعْدُ, of time, after)—abs. † Ct 4:1, 4:3, 6:7, elsewhere cstr. בְּעַר, with sf. בַּעֲדִי Ex 8:24 +, בַּעֲדֵנִיPs 139:11; בַּעַדְךָ Gn 20:7 +; בַּעֲדוֹ etc.; 1 pl. בַּעֲדֵנוּ, † Am 9:10 בַּעֲדֵינוּ; בַּעַדְכֶם 1 S 7:5 +; בַּעֲדָם Lv 9:7 +;—

1. lit. a. with vbs. of falling, letting down, leaning forward so as to look out, through (lit. away from) a window, etc.: Jos 2:15 and she let him down by a cord בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן away from the window, i.e. out through it, 1 S 19:12, 2 S 20:21, 2 K 1:2 and A. fell בְּעַד הַשְּׂבָּכָה out through the lattice; Gn 26:8, Ju 5:28 out through the window נִשְׁקְפָה she looked forth (lit. leant forward), 2 S 6:26 +; pregn. Jb 22:13 will he judge בְּעַד עֲרָפֶל (looking) out through the thick clouds ? Conversely Jo 2:9 in through the windows they come (the locusts) as a thief. b. idiom. with vbs. of shutting, esp. סָגַר בְּעַד to shut behind or upon—whether oneself, Ju 9:51 and they entered the tower וַיִּסְגְּרוּ בַּעֲדָם and shut (the doors) upon themselves (sc. from the inside), 2 K 4:4, 4:5, 4:33, Is 26:20; or another, Gn 7:16 בַּעֲדוֹ וַיִּסְגֹּר י׳ and י׳ shut behind or upon him (sc. from the outside), i.e. shut him in, Ju 3:23 (the sf. in בַּעֲדוֹ referrring to Eglon), 2 K 4:21 (but N. B. persons leaving a room shut the door אַחֲרֵי themselves Gn 19:6, 2 S 13:17, 13:18): see also Ju 3:22, 1 S 1:6 בְּעַד רַחְמָהּ סָגַּר י׳ (cf. Gn 20:18 עָחַר בְּעַד רֶחֶם), Jb 9:7 חָתַם בְּעַד to seal up, 1:10, 3:23 בְּעַד (הֵסֵח)שׂוּח to make a hedge about, La 3:7 גָּדַר בְּעַד to fence about. Somewhat peculiarly Am 9:10 (who say,) Evil will not draw near, or come in front בַּעֲדֵינוּ so as to be about us (but Gr עָדֵינוּ unto us), Jo 2:8 (of the locusts) בְּעַד הַשֶּׁלַח יִפָֹּלוּ (prob.) in among the weapons they throw themselves (i.e. they pass about and between them without being injured or having their course impeded), 1 S 4:18 and Eli fell backward בְּעַד יַד הַשַּׁעַר, i.e. (si vera 1.) about the side of the gate: but text dub.; v. Dr. Without a vb. Jon 2:7 the earth, בְּרִיחֶיהָ בַעֲדִי her bars were upon me (or about me) for ever, Ps 139:11 night shall be the light about me, Ps 3:4 thou מָגֵּן בַּעֲדִי art a shield about me. Hence c. after a vb. of protecting, † Zc 12:8 in that day בְּעַד יושׁב יָגֵן י׳ ירושׁלם will י׳ give protection about, etc.

2. metaph. on behalf of (ὑπέρ); very freq. after הִתְפַּלֵּל Gn 20:7, Nu 21:7, 1 S 7:5, Ps 72:15 +; also with other vbs. of entreating Ex 8:24, 1 S 7:9, or consulting (דָּרַשׁ) Is 8:19, 2 K 22:13, Je 21:2; with כִּפֶּר atone Ex 32:30, Lv 9:7, 11:6, 11:11 +, עָשָׂה (= offer) † Ez 45:22: see also 2 S 10:12, 12:16, Is 37:4, Je 7:16, 11:4, Ez 22:30, Pr 20:16, 27:13, Ps 138:8, Jb 2:4 עוֹר בְּעַד עוֹר (v. עוֹר), 6:22. Almost = for the sake of, an account of Pr 6:26, Je 11:14 (but LXX. SyrVer Vulgate Targum and many MSS. בְּעֵת רָעָתָם, cf. v:12, 15:11). Is 32:14 hill and watch-tower הָיָה בְעַר מְעָרוֹת are come to be on behalf of (i.e. take the place of, serve as) caves for ever: but use is singular, and בְּעַד is prob. only dittogr. from מער in מערות (so Gr).—With מִן, מִבַּעַד לְ׳ (cf. מִמַּעַל לְ׳, מִתַּחַת לְ׳): † Ct 4:1, 4:3, 6:7 thine eyes are doves מִבַּעַד לְחַמָּהֵךְ from behind thy veil. Cf. on בַּעַד Grätz:Monatsschrift, 1879, 49 ff.

† [בָּעָה] vb. inquire, cause to swell or boil up (NH id; Ar. بَغَي seek, suppurate, swell; Aram. בְּעָא, ܒܥܳܐ seek)—Qal Impf. 3 fs. תִּבְעֶה Is 64:1; 2 mpl. תִּבְעָיוּן Is 21:12; Imv. בְּעָיוּ Is 21:12; —a. of rising desire, seek, inquire, abs., of inquiring of prophet Is 21:12, 21:12. 2. cause to boil up, ־אֵשׁמַיִם תִּב׳ Is 64:1 (but gloss Che). Niph. Pf. נִבְעוּ Ob:6 searched out (‖נֶחְפְּשׂוּ); Pt. נִבְעֶה Is 30:13 swelling, swelling out (of decaying wall; Di swelling, enlarging, of crack in wall).

בעז (quick ? cf. Ar. بَغْزُ swiftness (of horse)).

בֹּ֫עַז n.pr.m. (quickness ?)—

1. kinsman of Naomi, who married Ruth Ru 2:1, 2:3, 2:4, 2:5, 2:8, 2:11, 2:14, 2:15, 2:19, 2:23, 3:2, 3:7, 4:1, 4:1, 4:5, 4:8, 4:9, 4:13, also v:21, v:21, 1 Ch 2:11, 2:12 (LXX Βοος, Βοοζ).

2. name of the left hand of two pillars set up before temple (cf. also יָכִין sub כון) 1 K 7:21 = 2 Ch 3:17; (mng. obscure; MT appar. ref. to 1, cf. Targum 2 Ch 3:17; Thes supposes name of architect or donor; Ew perh. sons of Solomon, etc.; rd. possibly בְּעֹז in strength, LXX 2 Ch 3:17 ἰσχύς; Th thinks יכין בעז a sentence, one word being engraved on each pillar, he (God) establisheth in strength; against him, however, Ke Be; Öt thinks an exclamation, in strength ! expressing satisfaction of architect; Klo prop. for בעז, בַּעַל עֹז (cf. B 1 K 7:21 Βαλαζ)).

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† [בָּעַט] vb. kick (so NH, Aram. בְּעַט, ܒܥܰܛ)—Qal Impf. וַיִּבְעַט Dt 32:15; 2 mpl. תִּבְעֲטוּ 1 Sa 2:29; —kick (only fig. of refractory Israel) Dt 32:15 (abs.); kick at (c. בְּ) 1 S 2:29.

בְּעִי Jb 30:24 v. עִי. p. 730

בָּעַל vb. marry, rule over (cf. Ar. بَعَلَ = own, possess, esp. a wife or concubine; Eth. ba9ala: to be rich, As. bâlu, rule COT:Gloss, Aram. בְּעַל take possession of wife or concubine)—Qal Pf. Mal 2:11 + 6 t.; Impf. יִבְעַל Is 62:5, 62:5; Pt. sf. בֹּעֲלַיִח Is 54:5; pass. f. בְּעוּלָה Is 54:1 + 3 t.;—

1. marry Gn 20:3 (E) Dt 21:13, 22:22, 24:1, Is 54:1, 54:5, 62:4, 62:5, 62:5, Mal 2:11; sq. בְּ Je 3:14, 31:32 be lord (husband) over.

2. rule over 1 Ch 4:22 (sq. לְ) Is 26:13. Niph. Impf. תִּבָּעֵל Pr 30:23, Is 62:4 be married.

† I. בַּעַל:166 n.m. owner, lord (Ph. בעל; Palm. id. husband Vog:62 cf. Bae:Rel 72 ff.; As. bêlu:1. c. Dl:Gram. Gloss.; Ar. بَعْلُ husband etc., v. esp. Nö:ZMG 1886, 174, Sab. בעל CIS:iv. 1, 2)—Gn 20:3 + 92 t.; sf. בַּעְלִּי Ho 2:18; בַּעְלָּהּ Dt 24:4 + 5 t.; pl. בְּעָלִים Ju 2:11 + 17 t.; cstr. בַּעֲלֵי Gn 14:13 + 27 t.; sf. בְּעָלָיו Ex 21:29 + 14 t.; בְּעָלֶיהָ Jb 31:39 + 2 t.; בַּעְלֵּיהֶן Est 1:17, 1:20; —I.

1. owner (oft. pl. c. sf. in sg. mng.): of ox Ex 21:28, 21:29, 21:29, 22:10, 22:11, 22:13, 22:14 (E); הבור ב׳ of pit Ex 21:34; 21:36 (E), of house Ex 22:7 (E) Ju 19:22, 19:23, debt Dt 15:2, the land Jb 31:39, the ass Is 1:3, goods Ec 5:10, riches Ec 5:12; טוב ב׳ one to whom good is due Pr 3:27, gain Pr 1:19; שׂכל ב׳ one having understanding Pr 16:22; השׁחד ב׳ receiver of the gift Pr 17:8.

2. husband Gn 20:3, Ex 21:3, 21:22 (E) Dt 22:22, 24:4, 2 S 11:26, Jo 1:8, Pr 12:4, 31:11, 31:23, 31:28, Est 1:17, 1:20; בַּעְלִּי Ho 2:18 (my Baal, reference to the divine name used in the northern kingdom, here for the first time forbidden).

3. citizens, inhabitants: בַּעֲלֵי of Jericho Jos 24:11 (E), of the high places of Arnon Nu 21:28 (E), of Shechem Ju 9:2 + 12 t., of the tower of Shechem Ju 9:46; 9:47, of the city Ju 9:51, of Gibeah Ju 20:5, of Keilah 1 S 23:11, 23:12, of Jabesh 2 S 21:12.

4. rulers, lords: בַּעֲלֵי גוֹיִם Is 16:8.

5. n. of relation: a. בַּעַל:החלמות ב׳ dreamer Gn 37:19 (E); ב׳ דברים whosoever hath cases, complaints Ex 24:14 (E); שׂער ב׳ an hairy man 2 K 1:8; חמה ב׳ wrathful Na 1:2, Pr 29:22; אף ב׳ one given to anger Pr 22:24; החכמה ב׳ one having wisdom Ec 7:12; משׁחית ב׳ destroyer Pr 18:9; כנף ב׳ winged thing, bird Pr 1:17, Ec 10:20; נפשׁ ב׳ one given to appetite Pr 23:2; מזמות ב׳ mischievous person Pr 24:8; הלשׁון ב׳ charmer Ec 10:11; רשׁע ב׳ one given to wickedness Ec 8:8; פיפיות ב׳ double-edged Is 41:15; משׁפט ב׳ adversary Is 50:8; ב׳ פקדת captain of the ward Je 37:13; הקרנים ב׳ two-horned Dn 8:6, 8:20. b. בַּעֲלֵי:בְּדִית בּ׳ confederates Gn 14:13; חחים ב׳ archers Gn 49:23 (poet.); הפרשׁים ב׳ horsemen 2 S 1:6; שׁבועה ב׳ conspirators Ne 6:18; אספות ב׳ members of assemblies; or well-grouped sayings; or collectors (of wise sentences) Ec 12:11.—On 2 S 6:2 v. II. בַּעֲלָה. (בַּעַל in Hex not J or P; בעל Lv 21:4 LXX ἐζάπινα = כבלּע Nu 4:20: Di בְּאֵבֶל). Esp. II. lord, specif. as divine name, † Baal. 1. without article: במות בעל Nu 22:41 (poet. Balaam); בעל פעור Nu 25:3, 25:5 (E) Dt 4:3 (vid. below). This divine name is not used elsewhere in Hex. It probably originated from the sense of divine ownership, rather than sovereignty (RS:Sem 92). It seems to have been used in Northern Israel = אדון in the South. It was the special name of the God of the Canaanites, Philistines, etc., = Babylonian בֵּל, cf. Schr:SK 1874, 335 ff. In later times scribes substituted בּשֶׁת, in n.pr. (ירבשׁת = ירבעל, אשׁבשׁת = אשׁבעל, vid. בּשֶׁת, Gei:ZMG 1862, 728 ff.), & also in the text for בעל Ho 9:10, Je 11:13 (hence ἡ βάαλ Je 2:23, 7:9, 11:13, 11:17, 19:5, Ho 2:10, 13:1 +, Rom 11:4, see Di:Baal mit d. weib. Art1 Kel, MBA 1881, June 16 Dr 2 S 4:4). 2. c. art.: הַבַּעַל Ju 2:13, 6:25, 6:28, 6:30, 6:31, 6:32, 1 K 16:31, 16:32, 16:32, 18:19, 18:21, 18:22, 18:25, 18:26, 18:26, 18:40, 19:18, 22:54, 2 K 3:2, 10:18, 10:19, 10:19, 10:20, 10:21, 10:21, 10:21, 10:22, 10:23, 10:23, 10:23, 10:25, 10:26, 10:27, 10:27, 10:28, 11:18, 11:18, 17:16, 21:3, 23:4, 23:5, 2 Ch 23:17, 23:17, Je 2:8, 7:9, 11:13, 11:17, 12:16, 19:5, 19:5, 28:13, 28:27, 32:29, 32:35, Ho 2:10, 13:1, Zp 1:4. 3. הַבְּעָלִים emphatic pl. (cf. האלהים, האדונים) the great lord, the sovereign owner Ju 2:11, 3:7, 8:33, 10:6, 10:10, 1 S 7:4, 12:10, 1 K 18:18, 2 Ch 17:3, 24:7, 28:2, 33:3, 34:4, Je 2:23, 9:13, Ho 2:15, 2:19, 11:2 (or local special Baïals, vid. Dr:Sm. p. 50; pillars of Baal MV). 4. c. attrib.: בַּעַל בְּרִית Lord of convenant Ju 8:33, 9:4 (cf. אל ברית 9:46; Nö:ZMG 1888, 478); זְבוּב ב׳ Lord of flies 2 K 1:2, 1:3, 1:6, 1:16, Philistine god, LXX Βααλ μυῖαν (Beelzebub, Mt 12:24) cf. Bae:Rel 25.

† II. בַּ֫עַל

1. n.pr.loc. city in the tribe of Simeon 1 Ch 4:33 = בַּעֲלַת בְּאֵר.

2. n.pr.m. a. a Reubenite 1 Ch 5:5; b. a Gibeonite 1 Ch 8:30, 9:36.

128

בַּ֫עַל גַּד n.pr.loc. Jos 11:17, 12:7, 13:5 (D), where Baal was worshipped as Gad, god of fortune, a city in the בִּקְעָה of Lebanon, under Mt. Hermon; either mod. Bâniâs, Gk. Paneas, NT Caesarea Philippi, where a grotto of Pan took the place of the ancient worship of Gad, Rob:BR iii. 410 Tristr:Tpg 271; or Ḥâsbêyâ Bd:Pal 297 Di; possibly = בעל חרמון cf. Thes Rob:BR iii. 409.

בַּ֫עַל הָמוֹן n.pr.loc. (possessor of abundance; or is ב׳ here n.pr. divin.?) Ct 8:11.

בַּ֫עַל חָנָן n.pr.m. (Baal is gracious, cf. Ph. חנבעל & (in As.) Baalḫanunu)

1. king of Edom Gn 36:38, 36:39, 1 Ch 1:49, 1:50.

2. a Gederite 1 Ch 27:28.

בַּ֫עַל חָחוֹר n.pr.loc. (possessor of a court; or ב׳ n.pr. divin.?) city on the border of Ephraim and Benjamin 2 S 13:23, prob. = חחור Ne 11:33; ? mod. Tell ï‘ Asûr (with ע) Rob:BR ii. 264 doubtfully; cf. Survey:ii. 298 (after de Saulcy).

בַּ֫עַל חֶרְמוֹן n.pr.loc. Ju 3:3, 1 Ch 5:23, a city so named as seat of the worship of Baal. ‘The crest of Hermon is strewn with ruins and the foundations of a circular temple of large hewn stones,’ Tristr:Tpg, cf. on sacredness, Euseb. Lag:Onom 217: possibly = בעל גד q.v.

בַּ֫עַל מְעוֹן n.pr.loc. Nu 32:38, 1 Ch 5:8, Ez 25:9 = בית בעל מעון Jos 13:17 (cf. MI:30) = Maï‘\în Tristr:Moab 316 Bd:Pal 192 Survey:EP 176.

בַּ֫עַל פְּעוֹר n.pr.m. Nu 25:3, 25:5, Dt 4:3, 4:3, Ps 106:28, Ho 9:10, Baal of Peor (VB) i.e. worshipped at פְּעוֹר q.v.; or Baal-P. (whence Peor as n.pr.loc.); cf. Di Nu 25:3 Baud:Stud. ii. 233 Bae:Rel 14, 210.

בַּ֫עַל פְּרָחִים n.pr.loc. (possessor of breaches; or Baal of Peraṣim ?) where David defeated Philist. 2 S 5:20, 5:20, 1 Ch 14:11, 14:11; site unknown.

בַּ֫עַל חְפוֹן n.pr.loc. Ex 14:2, 14:9, Nu 33:7, near Red Sea in Egypt, prob. Mt. ï‘Atâka, Eb:GS 524.

בַּ֫עַל שָׁלִשָׁה n.pr.loc. 2 K 4:42, place in Ephraim near Gilgal; = Βαιθσαρισαθ Lag:Onom 239. 2nd ed. 250 c. 15 m. fr. Diospolis. (? ב׳ n.pr. divin.)

בַּ֫עַל תָּמָר n.pr.loc. (possessor of palms; or Baal of Tamar ?) Ju 20:33, near Gibeah.

† I. [בַּעֲלָה] n.f. 1. mistress, בַּעֲלַת הַבַּיִת mistress of the house 1 K 17:17. 2. n. rel. אוב ב׳ necromancer 1 S 28:7, 28:7; כשׁפיס ב׳ sorceress, Na 3:4.

† II. בַּעֲלָה n.pr.loc. Jos 15:9, 15:10, 15:11, 15:29, 1 Ch 13:6 = קִרְיַת בַּעַל Jos 15:60, 18:14 (city of Baal, from a high place of Baal there) = בַּעֲלֵי יְהוּדָה 2 S 6:2 (We Dr read בעל; י added by dittogr.; so-called as seat of Baal-worship in Judah, in distinct. fr. like places elsewhere) = קִרְיַת יְעָרִים Jos 9:17 v. 15:9, 1 Ch 13:6; a city of Judah; ? Kirjat elï‘ EnabRob:BR ii. 11 Tristr:Tpg.

בַּעֲלָת n.pr.loc. Jos 19:44, 1 K 9:18, 2 Ch 8:6, a city of Dan, possibly Belï‘aîn Survey:ii. 296.

בְּעָלוֹת n.pr.loc. pl. Jos 15:24, 1 K 4:16, a city in the south of Judah, possibly the same as II. בַּעַל.

בַּעֲלַת בְּאֵר n.pr.loc. (mistress of a well) = Ramath Negeb Jos 19:8, a city of Simeon = II. בַּעַל; mod. Kurnub acc. to Tristr:Tpg but dub.

בְּעֶלְיָדָע n.pr.m. (Baal knows) son of David 1 Ch 14:7, the original name changed to אלידע 2 S 5:16 (cf. We Dr).

בַּעַלְיָה n.pr.m. (Yah is lord) one of David's heroes 1 Ch 12:5.

בֵּל n.pr.m. a chief Babylonian deity (Bab. Bêlu = בַּעַל, lord; Bêl regarded as older form than בַּעַל by Hpt:Hbr. i. 178; BAS i. 17) = Merodach (cf. מרדך), tutelary god of Babylon (to be distinguished from older Bêlu, one of ancient Babylonian triad) Je 50:2 (‖מְרֹדַח) 51:44; Is 46:1 (‖נְבֹו)—both writers of Babylonian period;—on Bel v. COT Gn 11:4, Ju 2:11; Say:Rel. Bab. 103, 110 Jen Kosmologie 24, 134, 307, 391.

בֵּֽלְאשַׁצַּר n.pr.m. (Bêl-šar-uṣur, Bel, protect the king COT Dn 5:1) Dn 8:1; represented as king of Babylon, successor, and appar. son of Nebuchadrezzar (5:1, 5:2, 5:11 etc.); in cuneif. inscr. known only as prince, son of Nabonidus (last Shemitic king of Babylon), v. COT l. c.

בַּעֲלִיס n.pr.m. (Gr:Monatsschrift, 1885, 471 rds. בַּעְלִיס; = בֶּן־עֲלִיס son of delight ? cf. sub בְּ) king of Ammonites Je 40:14 (Codd. & Jos:Ant. x. 9, 2 rd. בעלים).

בְּעֹן v. בית בעל מען sub בית. p. 111

בַּעֲנָא n.pr.m. (? בֶּן־עָנָה son of distress)—

1. name of two officers of Solomon, a. 1 K 4:12; b. v:16.

2. father (ancestor) of an Israelite of Nehemiah's time Ne 3:4 cf. foll.

בַּעֲנָה n.pr.m. (? id.)—

1. a Benjamite, one of the murderers of Ishbosheth 2 S 4:2, 4:5, 4:6, 4:9.

2. father of one of David's heroes 2 S 23:29 = 1 Ch 11:30.

3. head of a family of returning exiles Ezr 2:2 = Ne 7:7; perh. also = בַּעֲנָא Ne 3:4.

4. a chief of the people Ne 10:28.

† I. [בָּעַר] vb. burn, consume (Targum בְּעַר burn; ܒܥܰܪ seek out, collect, glean; this apparently earlier mng.)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. בָּֽעֲרָה Nu 11:3 + 2 t., וּבָֽעֲרָה consec. Is 10:17 + 3 t., בָּֽעֲרוּ Ju 15:14 + 2 t. + 2 S 22:13 (but cf. De on Ps 18), וּבָֽעֲרוּ consec. Is 1:31; Impf. יִבְעַר Ex 3:3, Ps 2:12, etc.; Pt. בֹּעֵר Ex 3:2 + 6 t., בֹּעֵרָָה Is 34:9, בּוֹעֵ֫רָה Ho 7:4, בֹּעֲרָ֫ה Is 30:33, בֹּעֶ֫רֶת Je 20:9, בֹּעֲרוֹת Ez 1:13; —burn,

1. (intr.) specif. begin to burn, be kindled Ps 18:8 sq. מִן (subj. גֶּחָלִים) = 2 S 22:9 (in v:13 text. error cf. supr.), Ps 106:18 (subj. אֵשׁ); fig. Ps 2:12 (subj. אַפּוֹ) cf. Je 44:6 (subj. חֵמָה); Is 30:33 (c. בְּ, subj. נִשְׁמַת י׳), Ps 39:4 (subj. אֵשׁ fig. of grief, distress) cf. Je 20:9.

2. be burning, burn, Ju 15:14 (subj. פִּשְׁתִּים, c. בָּאֵשׁ), Ex 3:2 (הסנה, c. בָּאֵשׁ), v:3 (subj. id.); Dt 4:11, 5:20, 9:15 (all subj. הר, c. בָּאֵשׁ), cf. Is 34:9 (זֶפֶת בערה), fig. of destruction Is 1:31 (subj. חָסֹן & פֹּעֲלוֹ); of torch לַפִּיד Is 62:1; of oven תַּנּוּר Ho 7:4, 7:6 (i.e. heated by fire within it).

3. trans. burn, consume (subj. אשׁ, להבה etc., sq. בְּ) Nu 11:1, 11:3 (אשׁ י׳), Jb 1:16 (אשׁ אלהים); in smile Ez not found1:33 (גחלי אשׁ י׳), Ps 83:15 (only here trans. c. acc.; should תבער be pointed as Pi. ?); fig. (subj. wrath of י׳) Is 42:25 cf. La 2:5 (subj. fire = fiery trial) Is 43:2.

4. act. but abs., fig., subj. wrath of י׳ Je 4:4, 7:20, 21:12, Ps 89:47 cf. Is 10:17, Ps 79:5, Is 30:27 (בֹּעֵר אַפּוֹ… שֵׁם י׳) Mal 3:19 (היום בא); of human anger Est 1:12; subj. wickedness Is 9:17. Pi. Pf. בִּעֵר 1 K 22:47, 2 K 23:24, וּבִעֵר consec. Lv 6:5, בִּעַ֫רְתָּ 2 Ch 19:3, וּבִַ ערְתָּ֫ Dt 13:6 + 9 t. in Dt; וּבִעֲרוּ cons. Ez 39:9, 39:9 (9:a del. Co after Vrss), etc.; Impf. יְבַעֵר 1 K 14:10; 2 ms. תְּבַעֵר Dt 21:9, יְבַעֲרוּ Ez 39:10; 2 mpl. תְּבַעֲרוּ Ex 35:3, וּנְבַעֲרָ֫ה subord. Ju 20:13; Pt. מְבַעֲרִים Je 7:18; —1. kindle, lit. c. acc. אשׁ Ex 35:3, Je 7:18 cf. Ez 39:9 (v. supr.) v:10; fig. of י׳ sending destruction Ez 21:4 cf. of human schemes Is 50:11; light, obj. lamps in temple 2 Ch 4:20 cf. 13:11. 2. burn, lit. c. acc. עֵחִים Lv 6:5, גָּלָל dung 1 K 14:10; abs. Is 44:15 cf. 40:16, Ne 10:35. 3. fig. consume, utterly remove, partic. of evil and guilt, c. acc., esp. in Deuteronomic phrase (מישׂראל)ובערת הרע מקרבך Dt 13:6, 17:7, 17:12, 19:13, 19:19, 21:21 cf. v:9, 22:21, 22:22, 22:24, 24:7, v. also Ju 20:13; further, 1 K 22:47, 2 K 23:24, 2 Ch 19:3; also of devoted (tabooed) things Dt 26:13, 26:14; of persons (exterminate) 2 S 4:11; sq. אחרי pregn. 1 K 14:10, 21:21; = devour, devastate, greedily enjoy the fruits of, Is 3:14; abs. היה לְבָעֵר be for destruction, be destroyed Nu 24:22, Is 5:5, 6:13; cf. רוּחַ בָּעֵר Is 4:4. Pu. Pt. מְבֹעָָרֶת Je 36:22; —burn (i.e. be supplied with fire), of fire-jar, הָאָח. Hiph. Pf. וְהִבְעַרְתִּ֫י Na 2:14; Impf. וַיַּבְעֵר Ju 15:5, 2 Ch 28:3, וַיַּבְעֶר־ Ju 15:5; תַּבְעִיר Ez 5:2; Pt. מַבְעִיר 1 K 16:3, מַבְעִר Ex 22:5; —1. kindle (c. acc. cogn.) Ex 22:5, cf. Ju 15:5 אשׁ בלפידים ויב׳ caused fire to burn among the brands. 2. burn up, c. acc. Ju 15:5, 2 Ch 28:3 (sacrifice of children בָּאֵשׁ) Ez 5:2 (בָּאוּר but cf. Co) Na 2:14 (בעשׁן). 3. consume = destroy (cf. Pi.) 1 K 16:3 (sq. אַחֲרֵי).

129

בְּעֵרָה n.f. burning, only הַבּ׳ as acc. cogn. with הִבְעִיר Ex 22:5.

תַּבְעֵרָה n.pr.loc. in the wilderness (burning, cf. Nu 11:3) Nu 11:3, Dt 9:22.

† [בְּעִיר] n.m.:Ex 22:4 beasts, cattle, coll. (NH id., Aram. id., ܒܥܺܝܪܳܐ, Eth. b9r4wi: etc., Sab. בער DHM:ZMG 1876, 674; 1883, 329; Ar. بَعِيرُ of camel; also ass, etc., cf. Lane:227 a; connexion with above √ obscure)—sf. בְּעִירֹה Ex 22:4, בְּעִירֵנוּ Nu 20:4, בְּעִירְכָם Gn 45:17, כְּ עִירָם Nu 20:8 + 2 t.;—beasts of burden Gn 45:17 (i.e. asses 44:3, 44:13); elsewhere general, cattle Ex 22:4, Nu 20:4, 20:8, 20:11, Ps 78:48

† II. [בָּעַר] vb. denom. be brutish—Qal Impf. יִבְעֲרוּ Je 10:8 (‖יכסלו) be stupid, dull-hearted, unreceptive; cf. Pt. pl. בֹּעֲרִים Ps 94:8 (‖כסיליס); of inhuman, cruel, barbarous men Ez 21:36. Niph. Pf. נִבְעַר Je 10:14, 51:17, נִבְעֲרוּ Je 10:21; Pt. נִבְעָרָָה Is 19:11; —brutish, stupid Is 19:11 (עחה, ‖אויל); dull-hearted, ignorant of God Je 10:14, 10:21, 51:17. Pi. Pf. וּבִעֵר consec. Ex 22:4 feed, graze (בשׂדה אחר). Hiph. Impf. יַבְעֶר־ Ex 22:4 cause to be grazed over, sq. שׂדה.

בַּ֫עַר n.m. brutishness (only poet.)—abs. ב׳ Ps 49:11 + 3 t., בָָּעַר Pr 12:1; —combination, אִישׁ־ב׳ brutish man Ps 92:7 (‖כסיל); elsewhere ב׳ alone in same sense (concrete) Ps 49:11 (‖ id.), & as pred. = adj., Ps 73:22, Pr 12:1, 30:2.

בַּעֲרָא n.pr.f. wife of a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:8.

בְּעוֹר n.pr.m. (a burning; Targum torch)—

1. father of Balaam Nu 22:5, 31:8, Dt 23:5, Jos 13:22, 24:9, Mi 6:5; בְּעֹר Nu 24:3, 24:15 (בנו ב׳).

2. father of בֶּלַע, a king of Edom Gn 36:32 = 1 Ch 1:43.

בַּעֲשֵׂיָה n.pr.m. (? = מַעֲשֵׂיָה; so Thes; cf. Dr:Sm. lxviii) a Levite 1 Ch 6:25; —cf. (וּ)מַעֲשֵׂיָה sub עשׂה.

בַּעְשָׁא n.pr.m. a king of Israel 1 K 15:16, 15:17, 15:19 + 18 t. 1 K 15–16 + 21:22, 2 K 9:9, 2 Ch 16:1, 16:3, 16:5, 16:6, Je 41:9.

בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָה n.pr.loc. (? = בֵּית עשׁתרה = house of Ashtoreth, cf. sub בית) a Levitical city in Manasseh Jos 21:27; = עַשְׁתָּרוֹת 1 Ch 6:56

† [בָּעַת] vb. fall upon, startle, terrify (Ar. بَغَشَ come or happen suddenly, NH בָּעִת Hiph. startle; so Aram. בְּעֵת Pa. ܒܥܶܬ Aph.)—Niph. (late prose) Pf. נִבְעַת 1 Ch 21:30, נִבְעָָת Est 7:6; נִבְעַתִּי Dn 8:17; —be terrified, abs. Dn 8:17; c. מפני 1 Ch 21:30, Est 7:6. Pi. (mostly poet.) Pf. 3 fs. sf. בִּעֲתָָתְנִי Is 21:4, וּבִעֲתַ֫תּוּ 1 S 16:14; 3 pl. sf. בִּעֲתֻהוּ Jb 18:11; Impf. 3 fs. תְּבַעֵת Jb 13:11; sf. תְּבַעֲתַָנִּי Jb 9:34, 13:21, תְּבַעֲתֶָךָּ Jb 33:7; 2 ms. sf. תְּבַעֲתַָנּי Jb 7:14; 3 mpl. sf. יְבַעֲתוּנִי Ps 18:5 = יְבַעֲתֻנִי 2 S 22:5, יְבַעֲתֻהוּ Jb 3:5, 15:24; —

1. fall upon 1 S 16:14, 16:15 (only here in prose); overwhelm Jb 3:5 (cf. לקח v:6) 9:34, 13:11 (‖פחד נפל על) v:21 (cf. ‖) 15:24 (‖תקף) 18:11 (‖הפיץ) 33:7 (‖כבד על) Is 21:4; assail Ps 18:5 = 2 S 22:5.

2. terrify Jb 7:14 (‖חתת).

130

בְּעָתָה n.f. terror, dismay Je 8:15 = 14:19.

† [בִּעוּתִים] n.m.pl. terrors, alarms, occasioned by God בִּעוּתֵי אֱלוֹהַּ Jb 6:4 (‖חִצֵּי שַׁדַּי); בִּעוּתֶיךָ Ps 88:17 (‖חֲרוֹנֶיךָ).

בֹּץ v. בחץ. p. 130

בֵּחָָי n.pr.m. Ne 10:19 one of the chiefs of the people; Ezr 2:17, Ne 7:23 בְּנֵי ב׳ i.e. a family.

בחל (strip, strip off, Eth. bas’ala: I. 2; Ar. بَصْلُ, appar. denom.)

† [בָּחָל] n.m. onion (NH בָּחֵל or בֶּ֫חֶל, Ar. بَصَلَ, Eth. bas’al: Aram. בּוּחְלָא, ܒܶܨܠܳܐ)—בְּחָלִים Nu 11:5 (אֵת הַקִּשֻּׁאִים וְאֵת הָאֲבַטִּתִים וְאֶת־הֶחָחִיר וְאֵת־הַשּׁוּמִים וְאֶת־הַבּ׳).

בְּחַלְאֵל n.pr.m. (in the shadow (protection) of Ēl; cf. cuneif. Ṣil-Bêl, a king of Gaza, COT Jos 11:22)—

1. a skilled artisan of tribe of Judah Ex 31:2, 35:30, 36:1; 36:2, 37:1, 38:22 (all P) 1 Ch 2:20, 2 Ch 1:5.

2. an Israelite Ezr 10:30.

בַּחְלוּת n.pr.m. (stripping)—head of Isr. fam. at return from exile; בני־ב׳ Ezr 2:52 = Ne 7:54 Kt; בַּחְלִית Ne 7:54 Qr.

† [בָּחַע] vb. cut off, break off, gain by violence (so NH, Ar. بَضَعَ, Eth. bas’9a: Aram. בְּחַע)—Qal Impf. יִבְחָָע Jb 27:8, יִבְחָָעוּ Jo 2:8; Imv. sf. בְּחָ֫עַם בְּרֹאשׁ Am 9:1; Inf. בְּחֹעַ Ez 22:27; Pt. בּוֹחֵעַ Pr 15:27, Je 6:13, בֹּחֵעַ Ps 10:3 + 3 t.;—cut off, break off (c. acc. capitals of pillars) Am 9:1 (but Lag:Prov. v. vi בְּחַעַס = בְּוַעַם Hb 3:12 in wrath); so fig. Jb 27:8 when Eloah cutteth off, draweth out, his soul; obj. om. their course, i.e. stop Jo 2:8 (cf. Hi-St); usually gain by violence or in gen. wrongfully Ez 22:27; Pt. abs. Ps 10:3 = greedy getter, robber; & c. acc. cogn. בֶּ֫חַע Pr 1:19, 15:27, Je 6:13, 8:10, Hb 2:9. Pi. Pf. בִּצַּע La 2:17; Impf. יְבַצַּע Is 10:12; sf. יְבַצְּעֵנִי Is 38:12, Jb 6:9; 2 fs. וַתְּבַצְּעִי Ez 22:12; 3 fpl. תְּבַצָָּעְנָה Zc 4:9; —cut off, (dis) sever (i.e. from life) Jb 6:9 cf. Is 10:19 (מִדַּלָּה); = finish, complete Is 10:12, Zc 4:9; accomplish (= carry out, fulfil) La 2:17 (obj. אמרתו); violently make gain of, obj. pers. Ez 22:12 (instr. בּעשׁק).

בֶּ֫חַע n.m. gain made by violence, unjust gain, profit—Gn 37:26 + 7 t. (cstr. Ju 5:19 +); בָָּחַע Ex 18:21 + 7 t.; sf. בִּחֱעָךָ Je 22:17; בִּחְעֵךְ Je 51:13, Ez 22:13; בִּחְעוֹ Is 56:11 57:17; בִּחְעָם Ez 33:31, Mi 4:13; —gain made by violence (nearly = plunder) Ju 5:19, Mi 4:13; more generally, unjust gain Ex 18:21, 1 S 8:3, Ps 119:36, Pr 28:16, Is 33:15, 56:11, 57:17, Je 22:17, 51:13, Ez 22:13, 33:21; as acc. cogn. c. בָּחַע Pr 1:19, 15:27, Je 6:13, 8:10, Ez 22:27, Hb 2:9; profit (with selfish suggestion) מה־ב׳ Gn 37:26, Mal 3:14 cf. Ps 30:10, Jb 22:3.

בְּחַעֲנַנִּים, בחענים, perh. n.pr.loc. in Naphtali: אֵלוֹן ב׳ Jos 19:33, Ju 4:11. Cf. חענים. p. 858

בחץ (? cf. Ar. بَضَّ be بَضُّ, i.e. one soft, tender, impossible in body, etc.)

בֹּץ n.[m.] mire Je 38:22.

בִּצָּה n.f. swamp, Jb 8:11 as place where rushes grow, cf. 40:21; בִּצּאֹתָ֯ו (Co ובחותיו) pl. sf. Ez 47:11 (‖וּגְבָאָיו).

בּוֹחֵץ n.pr.loc. a rock by Michmash 1 S 14:4; —Βωσης Lag:Onom. 238, 2nd ed. 250.

בָּחֵק vb. swell—Qal Pf. 3 fs. בָּעֵָקָה Dt 8:4; 3 pl. בָּחֵָקוּ Ne 9:21; —swell, or receive swellings, blisters, of foot, Di Dt 8:4, Ry Ne 9:21.

בָּחֵק n.[m.] dough—בָּחֵק Ex 12:39 + 4 t.; sf. בְּחֵקוֹ Ex 12:34; —dough, not fermented Ex 12:34, 12:39 (E); no restriction 2 S 13:8, Ho 7:4, Je 7:18.

בָּחְקַת n.pr.loc. (? cf. Ar. بَصْقَةُ an elevated region covered with volcanic stones) city of Judah toward Philistines, בָּחְקַת Jos 15:39; בָּחְקַתָ 2 K 22:1 (home of Josiah's mother).

† [בָּחַר] vb. cut off, make inaccessible (esp. by fortifying), enclose (NH id., Aram. בְּחַר, ܒܨܰܪ (Pa. diminish, substract), perh. cf. Ar. بُصْرُ side, edge, بِصْرُ, etc., rough stone, أَرْضُن بَصِرَةُ land in wh. are sharp stones (cf. Lane))—Qal Impf. יִבְחֹר Ps 76:13; 2 ms. תִּבְחֹר Lv 25:5, Dt 24:21, וַיִּבְחְרוּ Ju 9:27, תִּבְחְרוּ Lv 25:11; Pt. act. בּוֹחֵר Je 6:9, בֹּֽחְרִיס Je 49:9, Ob:5; pass. m. בָּחוּר Zc 11:2 Kt (Qr בָּחִיר), f. בְּחוּרָה Is 2:15 + 3 t. + Ez 21:25 v. infr.; pl. f. בְּחוּרוֹת Ez 36:35, בְּחֻרוֹת Nu 13:28 + 14 t., בְּחוּרֹת Dt 1:28, Ne 9:25, בְּחֻרֹת Dt 3:5, 9:1; —cut off, grape-clusters, ענבים Lv 25:5, cf. v:11 (obj. נזיר), Dt 24:21, Ju 9:27 (obj. in both, כרם); hence Pt. act. grape-gathering, -gatherer Je 6:9, 49:9, Ob:5; fig. cut off (= take away) Ps 76:13 (obj. רות נגידים); most often Pt. pass. cut off, made inaccessible, De Is 2:15 = fortified, always f.; generally adj. c. עיר, עריס; Nu 13:28, Dt 1:28, 3:5, 9:1, Jos 14:12, 2 S 20:6, 2 K 18:13 = Is 36:1, 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:26, 2 Ch 17:2, 19:5, 32:1, 33:14, Ne 9:25, Is 25:2, 27:10, Ez 36:35, Ho 8:14, Zp 1:16; rarely c. חומה Dt 28:52, Is 2:15, Je 15:20; יער הב׳ Zc 11:2 (rd. Kt); once, subst. of secrets, mysteries (= unattainable things) Je 33:3; —ב׳ Ez 21:25 LXX Sm Co בְּתוֹבָהּ, doubtless right. Niph. Impf. יִבָּחֵר be withheld Gn 11:6 (מֵהֶס), Jb 42:2 (מִמְּךָ). Pi. Impf. 3 fs. תְּבַצֵּר Je 51:53 fortify; so Inf. לְבַּחֵר Is 22:10.

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† I. [בֶּ֫חֶר] n.[m.] precious ore (A W:105 Thes), > gold, ring-gold Hoffm:ZA 1887, 48 f. Hiob 70 (A W Thes ore as that broken off; Hoffm comp. Ar. بَظَرُ ring, Heb. בָּחְרָה enclosure, Talm. בטרא finger-measure, etc.; a √ II. בחר must then be assumed, = بظر)—בָּחֶָר Jb 22:24 (‖אוֹפִיר q.v.); בְּחָרֶיךָ v:25 (‖כֶּסֶף) possibly also בִּחְרֵי כֶּסֶף Ps 68:31 for MT בְּרַצֵּי־כ׳, cf. Che:crit. n. Ne:JBL, 1891, 151.

† II. בֶּ֫חֶר (fortress)—

1. n. pr. loc. city in Reuben (MI בחר) Dt 4:43, Jos 20:8, 1 Ch 6:63.

2. n.pr.m. a descendant of Asher 1 Ch 7:37.

† I. בָּחְרָה n.f. enclosure, i.e. (sheep-) fold, חאן ב׳ Mi 2:12.

† II. בָּחְרָה n.pr.loc. 1. city of Edom (fortress; (v. Palm. n.pr.loc. בחרא Vog:No. 22 LXX βοσ(σ)ορρα; cf. βοσορ; Lag:Onom. Sacr. 102, 232, 2nd ed. 137, 247 = βοστρα) Gn 36:33 = 1 Ch 1:44, Is 34:6, 63:1 (in both ‖אדום (ארץ)) Je 49:13, 49:22, Am 1:12. 2. of Moab Je 48:24, prob. = II. בֶּחֶר 1;—on Mi 2:12 cf. foregoing.

בִּצָּרוֹן n.[m.] stronghold, לְב׳ Zc 9:12.

בַּצֹּרֶת n.f. dearth (cf. foll.), שְׁנַת בּ׳ Je 17:8.

בַּצָּרָה n.f. dearth, destitution (i.e. diminution, cf. ܒܨܺܝܪܽܘܬܳܐ PS:572; v. also vb. בחר Targum Pr 14:28 people reduced)—dearth (= בחרת) עִתּוֹת בּ׳ Ps 9:10, 10:1; pl. בַּצָּרוֹת Je 14:1.

בָּחִיר n.m.:Lv 26:5 vintage (cf. בָּחַר)—בְּחִיר Lv 26:5 + 4 t. + Zc 11:2 Qr (but rd. בחור Kt); cstr. בְּחִיר Ju 8:2; sf. בְּחִירֵח Je 48:32; —vintage, lit. Lv 26:5, 26:5, Ju 8:2, Is 32:10, Je 48:32; in simile Is 24:13, Mi 7:1; Zc 11:2 rd. בחור (Kt) and cf. sub בָּחַר.

מִבְחָר n.m.:Is 17:3 fortification—מִבְחָר Nu 32:71 + 18 t.; cstr. מִבְחַר Jos 19:29 + 2 t.; pl. מִבְחָרִים Nu 13:19, Dn 11:24; מִבְחָרוֹת Dn 11:15; מִבְחְרֵי La 2:2, Dn 11:39; sf. מִבְחָרֶיךָ Ho 10:14 + 2 t.; מִבְחָרַיִךְ Na 3:12; מִבְחָרָָיִךְ v:14, Je 48:18; מִבְחָרָיו Ps 89:41, La 2:5; מִבְחָרֶיהָ Is 34:13; מִבְחְרֵיהֶם 2 K 8:12; —fortification, esp. in phrase (המ׳) מ׳ (ערי)עיר = fortified city Nu 32:17, 32:36, Jos 10:20, 19:29, 19:35, 1 S 6:18, 2 K 3:19, 10:2, 17:9, 18:8, Je 4:5, 5:17, 8:14, 34:7, Ps 108:11 (עיר מ׳ = עיר מָחוֹר Ps 60:11), 2 Ch 17:19, Dn 11:15 (מ׳ in this connexion sing. exc. Je 5:17 & Dn 11:15 (מבחרות)); Je 1:18 fig. of prophet, so without עיר Je 6:27; fortress, stronghold, lit. without עיר etc. Nu 13:19, 2 K 8:12, Je 48:18, Is 17:3, 25:12 (משׁגב חומתיך מ׳) 34:13 (‖ארמנת), La 2:2, 2:5 (‖ id.) Ps 89:41, Ho 10:14, Am 5:9, Mi 5:10, Na 3:12, 3:14, Hb 1:10, Dn 11:24, 11:39; sq. n. pr. חֹד מ׳ 2 S 24:7 (cf. Jos 19:29 חֹר עיר מ׳).

בַּקְבּוק, בַּקְבֻּק v. sub בקק. p. 132

בַּקְבַּקַּר n.pr.m. (form strange, mng. dub.) a Levite 1 Ch 9:15.

בַּקְבֻּקָיָה v. sub בקק. p. 132

בקה (test, prove, cf. Aram. בְּקָא.

בֻּקִּיָּ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (proved of י׳) Levite, son of Heman 1 Ch 25:4; son of Asaph (?) v:13.

בֻּקִּי n.pr.m. (id.)—

1. a Danite chief Nu 32:22.

2. a descendant of Aaron 1 Ch 5:31, 5:31, 6:31, Ezr 7:4.

בָּקַע vb. cleave, break open or through (NH id., MI:15 מבקע השחרת from break of dawn; Aram. בְּקַע; cf. Eth. baqu9a: profit, be useful, orig. findere, aperire, Di)—Qal Pf. בָּקַע Ps 78:13, בָּֽקְעָה Is 34:15, בָּקַעְתָּ Ne 9:11, Ps 74:15, וּבָֽקַעְתָּ֫ Ez 29:7; Impf. וַיִּבְקַע Ju 15:19, Is 48:21, וַיִּבְקְעוּ 2 S 23:16 = 1 Ch 11:18, וַיִּ בְקָעוּהָ 2 Ch 21:17; Imv. וּבְקָעֵהוּ Ex 14:16; Inf. cstr. sf. בִּקְעָם Am 1:13, 2 Ch 32:1; Pt. act. בּוֹקֵעַ Is 63:12, Ec 10:9, בֹּקֵעַ Ps 141:7; —

1. cleave, cleave open, sq. acc., Ju 15:19 God cleft open the hollow (הַמֵּכְתֵּשׁ), and water came out, cf. Is 48:21 (obj. חוּר), also Ps 74:15 bring forth by cleaving, obj. מַעְיָן יָנָחַָל, all three of divine operation; cleave or rip open pregnant women Am 1:13; of a broken staff, tearing the shoulder Ez 29:7 (but rd. כַּף hand for כָּתֵף, LXX Vulgate Sm (?) Co.); cleave wood Ec 10:9 (‖מַסִּיעַ אֲבָנִיס); of ploughing (furrowing) the earth Ps 141:7 (‖פֹּלֵחֵ; in sim.); esp. of dividing the sea, Ex 14:16 (P) Ne 9:11, Ps 78:13, cf. Is 63:12, obj. מַיִם;—in all these subj. י׳ exc. Ex 14:16 where he commands Moses; of hatching out (a brood, but no obj. expr.) Is 34:15, subj. קִפּוֹו arrow-snake.

2. break through or into, sq. בְּ 2 S 23:16 = 1 Ch 11:18; sq. acc. 2 Ch 21:17 וַיַעֲלוּ בִיהוּדָה וֵיִבְקָעוּהָ; also 32:1, obj. suff. ref. to cities, ויאמר לְבִקְעָס אֵלָיו and he thought to break into them and so bring them unto himself. Niph. Pf. נִבְקַע Jb 26:8, Zc 14:4 (וְ consec.); נִבְקְעוּ Gn 7:11, Is 35:6, נִבְקָָעוּ 2 Ch 25:11, Pr 3:20; Impf. יִבָּקַע Is 58:8, יִבֵָּקָעַ Jb 32:19; 3 fs. חִבָּקַע Is 59:5, וַחִבָּקַע Nu 16:31 + 3 t.; Inf. cstr. לְהִבָּקֵעַ Ez 30:16; —1. be cleft, rent open, subj. the ground, הָֽאֲדָמָה Nu 16:31 (J), הָאָרֶץ 1 K 1:40 (hyperb.); mountain Zc 14:4; burst open, of men hurled from rock 2 Ch 25:12; of cloud beneath its weight of water Jb 26:8; hyperb. of belly full of words seeking a vent, Jb 32:19 like new wine-skins it will burst open; so of the water-receptacles (מעינות) of the great deep, at the flood Gn 7:11; of the water-masses themselves, תהומות Pr 3:20, מים ונהלים Is 35:6; also of the Red Sea, וַיִבָּקְעוּ המים Ex 14:21; of light breaking forth Is 58:8 (fig.); of serpent's egg hatching out as a viper Is 59:5 הַזּוּרֶה תִּבָּקַע אֶפְעֶה. 2. be broken into, of city captured by breaches in walls 2 K 25:4 = Je 52:7, Ez 30:16. Pi. Pf. בִּקֵּעַ 2 K 15:16, Jb 28:10, וּבִקַּעְתִּ֫י Ez 13:13, בִּקֵָּעוּ Is 59:5; Impf. יְבַקַּע Ps 78:15, וַיְבַקַּע Gn 22:3; 3 fs. תְּבַקֵּעַ Ez 13:11, תְּבַקְּעֵם Ho 13:8; 2 ms. תְּבַקַּע־ Hb 3:9, תְּבַקֵָּעַ 2 K 8:12; 2 fpl. וַתְּבַקַּעְנָה 2 K 2:24; —cleave, cut to pieces, or rend open (oft. more complete or more violent than Qal), sq. acc., of cleaving wood Gn 22:3 i.e. cut it up for burning, so 1 S 6:14; of ripping open pregnant women 2 K 8:12, 15:16; of tearing in pieces children 2 K 2:24; cf. also Ho 13:8 (fig.); of cleaving open rocks, to bring forth water Ps 78:15 (subj. God); of cutting mining-shafts Jb 28:10 בַּצּוּרוֹת יְאֹרִיס בּ׳; בְהָרוֹת תְּבַקַּע־אָָרֶץ Hb 3:9 into rivers thou cleavest (the) earth; break through or down (a wall, but no obj. expr.), Ez 13:11 רוּחַ סְעָרוֹת תְּבַקִָּעַ (but Co תִּבָּקֵעַ), cf. v:13 וּבִקַּעְתִּי רוּחַ סְעָרוֹת בַחֲמָתִי; of hatching eggs Is 59:5 בֵּיחֵי חִפְעוֹנִי בֵּקִָּעוּ (fig.) Pu. Impf. יְבָֻקָּעוּ Ho 14:1; Pt. מְבֻקָּעָה Ez 26:10, מְבֻקָּעִיס Jos 9:4; —be ripped open, of women Ho 14:1 (vb. of masc. form); rent, of old wine-skins Jos 9:4; broken into, of a city in whose walls a breach has been made Ez 26:10. Hiph. Impf. 1 pl. sf. וְנַבְקִעֶנָּה Is 7:6; Inf. cstr. לְהַבְקִיעַ 2 K 3:26; —break into, sq. sf. ref. to Judah, Is 7:6 אֵלֵינוּ ונב׳ let us break into it, lay it open, and so bring it unto ourselves (cf. Qal 2 Ch 32:1); break through (abs.) with sword, שֹׁלֵף חֶרֶבּ לְהַבְקִיעַ אֶל־מֶלֶחאֱדוֹף 2 K 3:26. Hoph. Pf. 3 fs. הָבְקְעָה הָעִיר Je 39:2 the city was broken into, entrance was made by a breach. Hithp. Pf. הִתְכַּקָָּעוּ Jos 9:13, Impf. יִתְבּקָָּעוּ Mi 1:4; —burst (themselves) open, of wine-skins Jos 9:13; cleave asunder, of valleys Mi 1:4.

132

בֶּ֫קִַע n.[m.] fraction, half, i.e. half-shekel, a weight; בֶּקַע מִשְׁקָלוֹ Gn 24:22, cf. Hesychius in Lag:Ges. Abh 199, 1. 18 βακαίον [Lag βέκαον] μέρον τι; v. also בֶּקַע Ex 38:26 (= מַחֲחִית הַשֶּׁקֶל).

בִּקְעָה n.f. valley (cleft), plain—abs. ב׳ Gn 11:2 + 8 t.; cstr. בִּקְעַת Dt 34:3 + 7 t.; pl. בְּקָעוֹת Is 41:18, Ps 104:8; בְּקָעֹת Dt 11:11; —

1. valley (opp. הַר mountain) Dt 8:7, 11:11 cf. Is 41:18; also 63:14 כַּבְּהֵמָה בַּבִּקְעָח תֵרֵד; in creation-poem Ps 104:8 יַעֲלוּ הָרִים יֵרְֽדוּ בְקָעוֹת.

2. plain (sts. valley-plain, broad valley) Gn 11:2; also Ez 3:22, 3:23, 8:4, 37:1, 37:2 (עַל־פְּבֵי הַבּ׳) as level, opp. הָֽרְכָּ סִים Is 40:4 (‖מִישׁוֹר); elsewhere cstr. mostly with n. pr. Dt 34:3 יְרֵחוֹ ב׳ (appos. הַכִּכָּר), מִחְפֶה ב׳ Jos 11:8, הַלְּבָנוֹן ב׳ 11:17, 12:7, מִגִדּוֹ ב׳ 2 Ch 35:22 cf. Zc 12:11, אוֹנוֹ ב׳ Ne 6:2; ־אָוֶןב׳ Am 1:5 plain of idolatry = Baalbek (Damascus, acc. to Wetzst in De:Jes 3, 702; LXX πέδιον ̓́Ωη).

† [בְּקִיע, בָּקִיעַ] n.[m.] fissure, breach, Am 6:11 בְּקִעִים, into which the small house is to be smitten (‖רְסִיסִים); בְּקִיעֵי עִיר־דָּוִד Is 22:9.

† I. [בָּקַק] vb. be luxuriant (Ar. بَقَّ be profuse, abundant (v. esp. Conjj. I. IV, Lane))—Qal Pt. בֹּאֵא luxuriant Ho 10:1 (fig. of Isr. as vine).

† II. [בָּקַק] vb. empty (cf. probably Ar. بَقَّ make a gurgling noise, of a mug dipped in water, or emptied of water)—Qal Pf. וּבַקֹּתִ֫י Je 19:7, בָּֽקֲקוּ Na 2:3; Pt. בּוֹקֵק Is 24:1, בִּקֲקִים Na 2:3; empty, lay waste land, acc., Is 24:1, Na 2:3, also abs. v:3; fig. make void (obj. עֵעֶה) Je 19:7. Niph. Pf. וְנָֽבְקָה (cf. Ges:§ 67, R. 11) Is 19:3; Impf. 3 fs. תִּבּוֹק Is 24:3; Inf. abs. הִבּוֹק Is 24:3; —be emptied (laid waste) Is 24:3 הִבּוֹק תִבּוֹק, of land (‖הִבּוֹז יִבּוֹו); fig. of spirit, courage Is 19:3. Po. Impf. יְבֹקֲקוּ Je 51:2 empty out (devastate) land.

בַּקְבֻּק n.[m.] flask (from gurgling sound of emptyIng, cf. Ar. بَقْبَقَةُ gurgling sound; also Syr. ܒܰ ܓܒܽܘܓܳܐ, cantharus, etc.)—abs. בַּקְבֻּק Je 19:10; cstr. id. 1 K 14:3, Je 19:1.

בַּקְבּוּק n.pr.m. head of a family of Nethinim; בני־ב׳ Ezr 2:51, Ne 7:53.

בַּקְבֻּקְיָה n.pr.m. a Levite Ne 11:17, 12:9, 12:25.

יַבֹּק n.pr.fl. (√ prob. בקק; so Thes after Simonis, Sam. Di) יבק(ה)מַעֲבַר Gn 32:23 (where perhaps connected with אבק = יאבק); נַ֫חַל יַבּ׳ Dt 2:37, הַנַּחַל יַבּ׳ Dt 3:16, Jos 12:2, יַבֹּק Nu 21:24 (‖אַרְנֹּן, cf. Dt 3:16, Jos 12:2), הַיַּבֹּק Ju 11:13, 11:22 (in both ‖ארנון); it empties into Jordan from East, in latitude of Shechem; called (southern) boundary of Ammon Dt 3:16, and (northern) of Amorites Jos 12:2; but some confusion (Di Nu 21:24, Dt 2:37);—mod. Wady Zerqa, Bd:Pal:181.

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† [בָּקַר] vb. inquire, seek (NH id., Aram. בְּקַר, ܒܩܰܪ; also Eth. baqala: in deriv.; orig. divide discern, cf. Ar. بَقَرَ slit, rip, split)—only Pi. Pf. 1 S. sf. וּבִקַּרְתִּים consec. Ez 34:11; Impf. יְבַקֵּר Lv 13:36, 27:33, אֲבַקֵּר Ez 34:12; Inf. cstr. לְבַקֵּר 2 K 16:15 + 2 t.;—seek, look for, sq. לְ Lv 13:36; seek (to distinguish) sq. בֵּין־טוֹב לָרַע Lv. 27:33; seek (in order to care for) sq. acc. חאֹן Ez 34:11 (‖דרשׁ) v:12, fig. of י׳ seeking his people; contemplate, sq. בְּ Ps 27:4 (‖חָזָה בְּ);consider, reflect, abs. Pr 20:25 אַחַר נְדָרִים i.e. whether the vows were wise, or should be kept (cf. Str ad loc. & reff.); cf. perh. 2 K 16:15 consider (what shall be done with the old altar); look at Klo, (so לְבַקֵּר 1 K 3:21 for 2nd בַּבֹּקֶר), AV RV to inquire by, SyrVer for praying; perh. denoting some religious service to be performed by king himself, cf. esp. RS:Sem. i. 467.

בָּקָר:182 n.m.:1 K 5:3 + (f.:Gn 33:16; Jb 1:14 cf. Dt 32:14, 2 S 17:29) cattle, herd, ox (Ar. بَقَرُ, Aram. בַּקְרָא, בַּקְרְתָא, ܒܰܩܪܳܐ (cf. also Hom:NS 222 ff.); name from ploughing, so Thes Lag:BN 51 al.)—abs. בּ׳ Gn 12:16 +; cstr. בְּקַר Nu 7:88; sf. בְּקָֽרְךָ Gn 45:10 +; בְּקָרֶָךָ Ex 20:24, Je 5:17; בְּקָרוֹ 1 S 11:7, 2 S 12:4; בְּקַרְכֶם Dt 12:6; בְּקָרָם Je 3:24 +; pl. בְּקָרִים Am 6:12 (al. rd. בקר ים) 2 Ch 4:3 (but rd. פְּקָעִים v. ‖ 1 K 7:24 infr.); sf. בְּקָרֵינוּ Ne 10:37; rd. בקריכם for בחוריכם 1 S 8:16 LXX We Dr;—

1. mostly coll. a. cattle, generic (never pl. in form) Gn 12:6, 13:5, 20:14, 21:27, 24:35, Lv 1:2, Dt 8:13, 1 S 11:5, Ho 5:6, Jo 1:18, 1 Ch 27:29, 27:29 + oft. (frequently ‖חאֹן); as grazing, 1 Ch 27:29 +; in sim. כַּבּ׳ Jb 40:15, Is 11:7, 65:25; as lowing (קוֹל הַבּ׳) 1 S 15:14; מִקְנֵה בָקָר possession of (i.e. property in) cattle Gn 6:14, 47:17 (both J); עֶדְרֵי ב׳ Jo 1:18 herds of cattle; esp. בֶּן־בָּקָר son of cattle (i.e. belonging to the בקר), to denote a single ox, calf, etc.; as used for food Gn 18:7 cf. v:8 (J);—in these prob. = calf (v. also 1 S 14:32 בָּקָר וּבְנֵי בָקָר); usually for sacrifice (Hex only P) Nu 15:8, 15:9; בֶּן־הַבּ׳ Lv 1:5; appos. עֵגֶלLv 9:2; —cf. עֶגְלַת בָּקָרDt 21:3, 1 S 16:2, Is 7:21; —mostly appos. פַּר Ex 29:1 + 27 t.; also pl. † פָּרִיםַ בני בקר Nu 28:11, 28:19, 28:27, 29:13, 29:17 (on all these cf. בֵּן); also indef. cattle, oxen, of a number not specified Nu 7:87, 7:88 (in both enumerated as פָּרִים); 22:40, 1 S 14:32, 15:21, 1 K 1:9, 7:29, 7:29 (here of graven work) 8:5, 1 Ch 12:40, 2 Ch 5:6, 18:2, Is 22:13, Ps 66:15; also as beasts of burden † 1 Ch 12:40. b. a particulur herd of cattle Gn 18:7 (J); cf. pl. בְּקָרֵינוּ, our herds, only Ne 10:37.

2. more individually, head of cattle,—yet alw. of more than one (Hex mostly P; pl. only Am 6:12 + 2 Ch 4:3 v. supr.); of two Nu 7:17 + 11 t. Nu 7; † cf. also חֶמֶד ב׳ yoke (pair) of oxen 1 S 11:7 cf. v:7, 1 K 19:21 cf. v:21 (ploughing, cf. v:19); also 2 S 6:6 = 1 Ch 13:9 (drawing a cart, cf. Nu 7:3 f. 1 S 6:7 f.), 2 S 24:22 = 1 Ch 21:33, 2 S 24:22, 24:24, 1 K 19:20, Am 6:12 (pl.); 500 yoke of oxen Jb 1:3 cf. v:14; 1000 yoke 42:12; further, of four Nu 7:7; five Ex 21:37 (תַּחַת הַשּׁוֹר); seven 2 Ch 29:22 (‖פָּרִים v:21); eight Nu 7:8; ten 1 K 5:3; twelve Nu 7:3 (singly called שׁוֹר) cf. v:6; of the twelve brazen bulls beneath the sea in Sol.'s temple 1 K 7:25, 7:44 = 2 Ch 4:4, 4:15 cf. 2 K 16:17, 2 Ch 4:3 (דְּמוּת בְּקָרִיס) v:3 (but rd. in both פְּקָעִים, as ‖ 1 K 7:24 cf. Be Öt) v:4, Je 52:20; of twenty 1 K 5:3; seventy 2 Ch 29:32; hundreds or thousands 1 K 8:63 = 2 Ch 7:5, 2 Ch 15:11, 29:33, 35:7, 35:8, 35:9 (cf. v:12), & Nu 31:33, 31:38, 31:44 †. Note חֶמְאַת בָּקָר Dt 32:14 (poem), שְׁפוֹת ב׳ 2 S 17:29, כְּלִי הַבּ׳ 2 S 24:22, 1 K 19:21, מַלְמַד הַבּ׳ Ju 3:31, חְפִו֯עֵי הַבּ׳ Ez. 4:15 (opp. גֶּלֲלֵי הָאָדָם).

בּוֹקֵר n.m. denom. herdsman Am 7:14; of Amos himself, cf. אֲשֶׁר־הָיָה בַּנֹּקְדִים 1:1.

בֹּ֫קֶר:214 n.m.:Ex 10:13 morning (NH id.; from split, penetrate, as the dawn the darkness, light through cloud-rifts, etc.)—ב׳ Gn 1:5 + (alw. abs.); pl. בְּקָרִים Jb 7:18 + 4 t.;—

1. morning (of point of time, time at which, never during which, Eng. morning = forenoon):—a. of end of night (opp. לַיְלָה) Ex 10:13 (J) Lv 6:2 (P) Ju 19:25, Ru 3:13, 3:13, Is 21:12 cf. 1 S 19:11 (‖מחר, opp. לילה); opp. לֵילוֹת Ps 92:3; also (opp. לוּן) Ex 23:18, 34:25 (both JE) Lv 19:13 (H) Dt 16:4; opp. חלמות Am 5:8; cf. further Gn 40:6, 41:8 (both E) Ex 12:22, 34:2, 34:2 (both JE) 1 S 3:15 +, † b. implying the coming of dawn, and even daylight Gn 29:25 (E) 44:3 (J) 1 K 3:21 (but Klo here for 2nd בַּבֹּקֶר, rds. לְבַקֵּר by looking at it v. בָּקַר) Jb 24:17, 38:12 (‖שַׁחַר); לִפְנוֹת הַבּ׳ Ex 14:27 (JE) at the turn of the morning, so Ju 19:26 (‖בַּעֲלוֹת הַשָָּׁחַר v:25; sq. עַד־הָאוֹר, as something later, v:26); vid. Ru 3:14 (‖בטרו֯ם יכיר אישׁ את רעהו before men could recognise each other); cf. כּוֹכְבֵי בֹקֶר Jb 38:7 stars of morning; but also c. אוֹר vb. Gn 44:3 (J) הבקר אור; c. אור noun, באור הבקר Mi 2:1; & esp. עד אור הבקר Ju 16:2 (opp. לילה) so 1 S 14:36; also 1 S 25:22, 25:34, 25:36, 2 S 17:22, 2 K 7:9; cf. 1 S 29:10 (‖וְאוֹר לָכֶם). † c. of coming of sunrise Ju 9:33, 2 S 23:4, 23:4, 2 K 3:22 cf. וערב מוֹצָּאֵי ב׳ Ps 65:9 i.e. places of sunrise and sunset (‖קְחוֹת i.e. ends of earth). d. of beginning of day, וְעַד־עַתָּה מֵאָו הַבּ׳ Ru 2:7 (cf. v:14) vid. 2 S 24:15 (but del. We Dr); time of prayer, & praise Ps 5:4, 5:4 (v. Hu) 59:17, 88:14, 92:3; ‖חהרים noon 1 K 18:26, Je 20:16; of three hours of prayer, ערב ובקר וחהרים Ps 55:18 (cf. Dn 6:10; 6:13); cf. also c. עֶרֶב infr. e. opp. עֶרֶב Gn 49:27 (poem in J) Ex 16:7, 16:8, 16:12, 16:13, Lv 6:13, Nu 9:21 (all P) Dt 28:67, 28:67, 2 S 11:14, 1 K 17:6, Is 17:14, Zp 3:3, Ez 24:18, 24:18, 33:22, Dn 8:26, Ps 30:6, 90:5, 90:6, Ec 11:6, 1 Ch 16:40, 2 Ch 2:3, 13:11, 31:3, Ezr 3:3, Est 2:14; opp. בֵּין הערבים Ex 29:39, 29:41, Nu 28:4, 28:8 (all P); esp. מן־הבקר עד־הערב = all day Ex 18:13 & (without art.) v:14 (both E); מבקר לָעֶרֶב Jb 4:20 = between morning and evening; also מֵעֶרֶב עַד־בֹּקֶר = all night, Ex 27:21 (P) Lv 24:3 (H) Nu 9:21 & בָּעֶרֶב עַד־בּ׳ Nu 9:15 (both P); note also the formula וַיְהִי ערב ויהי בקר and evening came and then morning Gn 1:5, 1:8, 1:13, 1:19, 1:23, 1:31 (all P), i.e. the day ended with evening, and the night with morning; peculiar is Dn 8:14 of om. of daily sacrif. עַד עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר אַלְפַּיִם וּשְׁלשׁ מֵאוֹת, until 2300 evening-mornings, prob. = 2300 half-days (Ew Hi Meinh Bev Dr:Intr. 464, cf. v:26 & 3½ times (years) 7:25, 12:11, not found12:17). f. oft. (above & elsewh.) c. prep. (+ art. exc. Jb 7:18); in the morning, בַּבֹּקֶר Gn 19:27 + 110 t., cf. also בִּהְיֹת הַבּ׳ Ex 19:16; in (or at) the morning, לַבּ׳ Am 4:4 + 7 t.; for (against or by) the morning, לַבּ׳ Ex 34:2 cf. Ps 130:6 (cf. Che crit. n.); nearly = until (עַד־) Ex 34:25, Dt 16:4, Zp 3:3; further בַּבּ׳ בַּבּ׳ morning by morning, every morningEx 16:21, 30:7, 36:3, Lv 6:5 (all P) 2 S 13:4, 1 Ch 23:30, 2 Ch 13:11, Is 28:19, 50:4, Ez 46:13, 46:14, 46:15, Zp 3:5 also לַבּ׳ לַבּ׳, same sense, † 1 Ch 9:27; † pl. לַבְּקָרִים every m. afresh Ps 73:14, Is 33:2 cf. La 3:23; alm. = continually Ps 101:8 (cf. Je 21:12); v. לִבְקָרִיםJb 7:18 (‖לִרְגָעִים every moment); also without prep. or art. in the morning Ho 7:6 cf. Ps 5:4, 5:4, Ps 55:18, d. supr., & sub

2. g. fig. of bright joy after night of distress (poet.) Jb 11:17; cf. Ps 30:6, 46:6 (לִפְנוֹת בּ׳) 49:15, 59:17, 90:14, 143:8. h. in phrases, הִשְׁכִּים בַּבּ׳ (וַיַּשְׁכֵּם etc.) he rose early in the morningGn 19:27, 20:8, 21:14, 22:3, 26:31, 28:18, 32:1, Ex 8:16, 9:13, 24:4, 34:4, Nu 14:40, Jos 3:1, 6:12, 7:16, 8:10 (all JE) Ju 6:28, 19:5, 19:8, 1 S 1:19, 5:4 cf. 15:12, 17:20, 29:10, 29:10 cf. v:11, 2 K 3:22, 19:35 = Is 37:36, 2 Ch 20:20, Jb 1:5, Pr 27:14, Is 5:11; (ויקומו etc.) ויקם בַּבּ׳Gn 24:54, Nu 22:13, 22:21 (all JE) Ju 19:27, 20:19, 2 S 24:11, 1 K 3:21; אַשְׁמֹרֶת הַבּ׳ morning watchEx 14:24, 1 S 11:11. 2. morrow, next day (cf. Germ. Morgen, morgen) without art. Ex 16:19, 16:20, Lv 7:15, 22:30 (opp. הַיּוֹם הַהוּא) Nu 16:5 (‖מָחָר v:7, v:16) cf. Ex 12:10, 12:10, Nu 9:12; with art. Ex 16:23, 16:24, 29:34; לַבּ׳ Ex 34:25, Nu 22:41, Zp 3:3; בַּבּ׳ 1 S 9:19 (opp. הַיּוֹם to-day) cf. 20:35; to-morrow morning הַבּ׳ Ju 6:31 (Stu); בַּבּ׳ Ex 7:15, Jos 7:14, Est 5:14; definitely מִמָּֽחֳרָת בַּבּ׳ 1 S 5:4; מֵהַבּ׳ 2 S 2:27; adverb. use in this sense (without prep. or art.) Ex 16:7, Nu 16:5.

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† [בַּקָּרָה] n.f.verbal. a seeking, כְּבַקָּרַת רֹעֶה עֶדְרוֹ Ez 34:12 like a shepherd's seeking his flock.

בִּקֹּ֫רֶת n.f. punishment after examination (inquisition) Lv 19:20; (scourging Vulgate AV after Jewish trad. Kerith:11 a Sifra Saad. AE Ki cf. Malbim:Sifra Jastrow:Dict. 165.)

† [בָּקַשׁ]:224 vb. seek (Ph. בקש)—Pi. Pf. בִּקֵּשׁ Dt 13:11 + 15 t.; בִּקְשָׁה Ec 7:28, Est 2:15; sf. בִּקְשָׁתַם Ho 2:9; בִּקַּשְׁתִּיו Ct 3:1, 3:2 cf. 5:6; בִּקְשׁוּ Ezr 2:62 + 12 t.; sf. בִּקְשֻׁנִי Is 65:1 + 2 t.; Impf. יְבַקֵשׁ Jos 22:23 + 37 t.; יְבַקֶּשׁ־ Pr 15:14 + 2 t.; אֲבַקְשָׁה Ps 122:9 + 3 t.; sf. יְבַקְשֵׁהוּ 1 S 23:14 + 7 t.; יְבַקְשׁוּ 1 S 16:16 + 23 t.; Imv. בַקֵּשׁ 1 S 9:3 + 3 t.; בַּקְּשׁוּ 1 S 28:7 + 8 t.; Inf. לְבַקֵּשׁ 1 S 10:2 + 29 t.; Pt. מְבַקֵּשׁ Gn 37:16 + 23 t.; pl. מְבַקְשִׁים Ex 10:11 + 38 t.;—

1. seek to find: a. abs. Ju 6:29, 2 K 2:17, Je 5:1, Ez 34:6, Ec 3:6, 8:17 (yet v. Ew). b. acc. Gn 37:15, 37:16, Jos 2:22 (J) Ju 4:22, 14:4, 1 S 9:3, 10:2, 10:14, 10:21, 16:16, 1 S 23:14, 23:25, 24:3, 26:2, 27:1, 27:4 + 26:20 obj. a flea, but rd. נַפְשִׁי LXX Th We Kirkp Klo Dr; 2 S 17:3, 17:20, 1 K 1:3, 2:40, 18:10, 2 K 2:16, 6:19, 1 Ch 4:39, 2 Ch 22:9, Ezr 2:62 (= Ne 7:64) Ne 12:27, 37:25, 37:36, 119:176, Pr 2:4, 21:6, 23:35, not found7:28, Ct 3:1, 3:1, 3:2, 3:2, 5:6, 6:1, Is 41:12, 41:17, Je 2:24, 2:33, La 1:11, Ez 7:25, 22:30, 34:4, 34:16, Ho 2:9, Na 3:11, Zc 11:16, Mal 2:15. c. with לְ Jb 10:6. d. acc. rei לְ pers. Ju 18:1, 1 S 13:14, 28:7, 1 K 1:2, Ru 3:1, Est 2:2, Ps 122:9, Is 40:20, La 1:19, Na 3:7.

2. seek to secure: a. acc. the priesthood Nu 16:10 (P); David for king 2 S 3:17; in battle 2 S 5:17 (= 1 Ch 14:8); Ps 27:4, Je 45:5 (cf. v:5); בקשׁ נפשׁ seek to take one's life Ex 4:19, (J) 1 S 20:1, 22:23, 22:23, 23:15, 25:29, 2 S 4:8, 16:11, 1 K 19:10, 19:14, Ps 35:4, 38:13, 40:15, 54:5, 63:10, 70:3, 86:14, Pr 29:10, Je 4:30, 11:21, 19:7, 19:9, 21:7, 22:25, 34:20, 34:21, 38:16, 44:30, 44:30, 46:26, 49:37. b. aim at, practise: בקשׁ רעה seek hurt of Nu 35:23 (P) 1 S 24:10 25:26 (אֶל) 1 K 20:7, Ps 71:13, 71:24, Est 9:2; כזב ב׳ Ps 4:3 cf. Pr. 17:11, שׁבר Pr 17:19, רחון Pr 11:27, טובה Ne 2:10, אמונה Je 5:1, חדק, ענוה Zp 2:3, 2:3 שׁלום Ps 34:15, חכמה Pr 14:6, Ec 7:25, בינה Dn 8:15, דעת Pr 15:14, 18:15, תורה Mal 2:7, אהבה Pr 17:9, תאוה 18:1 (ל of dir. obj.), חשׁבנות Ec 7:29. c. Inf. Ex 4:24 (J) Je 26:21. d. לְ & Inf. Gn 43:30, Ex 2:15, 10:11 (JE) Dt 13:11, 1 S 14:4, 19:2, 19:10, 23:10, 2 S 20:19, 21:2, 1 K 11:22, 11:40, Est 2:21, 3:6, 6:2, Ps 37:22, Ec 12:10, Zc 6:7, 12:9.

3. seek the face a. of rulers 1 K 10:24 (= 2 Ch 9:23) Pr 29:26. b. of God (from resorting to sacred places) Ho 5:15, 1 Ch 16:11 (= Ps 105:4) 2 Ch 7:14, 2 S 21:1, Ps 24:6, 27:8, 27:8; without פְּנֵי c. יהוה Dt 4:29, Zp 1:6, 2:3, Ho 3:5, Ho 3:5, 5:6, Ex 33:7 (J) 1 Ch 16:10 (= Ps 105:3) 2 Ch 11:16, 20:4, Is 51:1, Pr 28:5, Zc 8:21, 8:22, Je 50:4; אלהים 2 S 12:16, cf. Ez not found8:22 Is 45:19 65:1 2 Ch 15:4, 15:15, Ho 7:10, Je 29:13, Mal 3:1, Ps 40:17, 70:5, 69:7, Dn 9:3; דבר י׳ Am 8:12; שׁמך Ps 83:17. d. sq. Inf. c. לְ, of resort to wizards, but obj. not expr. Lv 19:34 (H).

4. desire, demand: a. acc. 1 Ch 21:3. b. acc. rei מִן pers. Ez 7:26, Dn 1:20.

5. a. require, exact, acc. rei מִיַּד pers. Is 1:12; מִן pers. Ne 5:12, acc. rei v:18. b. exact equivalent or penalty for, acc. rei, מִיַּד pers. Gn 31:39, 43:9 (JE) 1 S 20:16, 2 S 4:11, Ez 3:18, 3:20, 33:8, cf. דרשׁ; no obj. expr. Jos 22:23 (P).

6. (late) ask, request, acc. rei Est 2:15; עַל rei Ne 2:4; עַל rei מִן pers. Est 7:7, Ezr 8:23; עַל rei מִלִּפְנֵי pers. Est 4:8; acc. rei מִן pers. Dn 1:8 (obj. cl. c. אשׁר), Ps 104:21; מִן pers. 2 Ch 20:4. Pu. Impf. יְבֻקַּשׁ Je 50:20, וַיְב׳ Est 2:23; תֲּבֻקְשִׁי Ez 26:21 be sought.

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† [בַּקָּשָׁה] n.m. request, entreaty, בַּקָּשָׁתִי Est 5:7, 5:8, 7:3; בַּקָּשָׁתֵח; Est 5:3, 9:12; בַּקָּשָׁתוֹ Ezr 7:6.

† I. בַּר n.m. son (Aram. בַּר, Syr. ܒܰܪ) only in late Heb. of Pr 31:2, 31:2 (both cstr.), v:2 sf. בְּרִי; נשׁקו בר Ps 2:12 kiss the son, SyrVer Modern Vrss Ges De Pe et al.; receive instruction Targum; δράξασθε παιδείας LXX; apprehendite disciplinam Vulgate Ew; kiss purely, do sincere homage Aq Sym Jer Br:MP 136; emend. Lag (מוֹסָרוֹ)נַשְּׁקוּ מוֹסֵרוֹ put on his bonds (cf. v:3) so Kmp Che:OP 351.

II. בַּר corn, III. בַּר pure, בָּר, I. II. בֹּר v. ברר.

† I. בָּרָא:53 vb. shape, create (cf. Ar. بَرَي, form, fashion by cutting, shape out, pare a reed for writing, a stick for an arrow, but also بَرَأَ, create; Ph. הברא CIS:i. 347 incisor, a trade involving cutting; As. barû, make, create, COT:Gloss & Hpt KAT:2 Gloss 1 but dub.; Sab. ברא found, build, DHM:ZMG 1883, 413, synon. בנה; Ba:ZA. 1888, 58, comp. As. banû, create, beget, with change of liquid; Aram. בְּרָא, ܒܪܳܐ, create)—Qal Pf. Gn 1:1 + 19 t.; Impf. יִבְרָא Gn 1:21, 1:27, Nu 16:30; Inf. בְּראֹ Gn 5:1; Imv. בְּרָא Ps 51:12; Pt. בּוֹרֵא Is 42:5 + 10 t.; sf. בֹּרַאֲךָ Is 43:1; בּוֹרְאֶיךָ Ec 12:1; —shape, fashion, create, always of divine activity, with acc. rei, seldom except in P and Is:2.

1. obj. heaven and earth Gn 1:1, 2:3 (P) Is 45:18, 45:18; mankind Gn 1:27, 1:27, 1:27, 5:1, 5:2 (P) 6:7 (J) Dt 4:32, Ps 89:48, Is 45:12; the host of heaven Is 40:26; heavens Is 42:5; ends of the earth Is 40:28; north and south Ps 89:13; wind Am 4:13; the תנינים Gn 1:21 (P).

2. the individual man Mal 2:10 (‖ father) Ec 12:1; the smith and the waster Is 54:16, 54:16; Israel as a nation Is 43:15; Jacob Is 43:1; the seed of Israel Is 43:7.

3. new conditions and circumstances: righteousness and salvation Is 45:8; darkness and evil Is 45:7; fruit of the lips Is 57:19; a new thing חֲדָשָׁה (a woman encompassing a man) Je 31:22; בְּרִיאָה (swallowing up the Korahites) Nu 16:30 (J); cloud and flame over Zion Is 4:5.

4. of transformations: a clean heart Ps 51:12 (‖חִדֵּשׁ); new heaven and earth Is 65:17 (in place of old); transformation of nature Is 41:20; with double acc. בורא ירושׁלם גילה transform Jerusalem into rejoicing Is 65:18. Niph. Pf. 2 fs. נִבְרֵאתְ Ez 21:35; 3 pl. נִבְרְאוּ Ex 34:10 + 2 t.; Impf. יִבָּרֵאָוּן Ps 104:30; Inf. sf. הִבָּרַאֲךָ Ez 28:13; הִבָּֽרְאָךְ Ez 28:15; הִבָּֽרְאָם Gn 2:4, 5:2; Pt. נִבְרָא Ps 102:19; —Pass. 1. be created: heaven and earth Gn 2:4 (P); creatures Ps 104:30; mankind Gn 5:2 (P); heavens Ps 148:5. 2. with reference to birth: במקום אשׁר נבראת in the place where thou wast created (i.e. native land) Ez 21:35; יום הבראך day when thou wast created (king of Tyre) Ez 28:13, 28:15 (cf. היום ילדתיך Ps 2:7); עַם נִבְרָא Ps 102:19 (‖עַם נוֹלָד Ps 22:32). 3. of something new, astonishing: miracles Ex 34:10 (J); new things, חדשׁות Is 48:6. Pi. Pf. בֵּרֵאתָ Jos 17:15; בֵּרֵאתוֹ Jos 17:18; Inf. abs. בָּרֵא Ez 21:24, 21:24, 23:47; —1. cut down: a forest Jos 17:15, 17:18 (J); וּבָרֵא אוֹתְהֶן בְּחַרְבוֹתָם Ez 23:47. 2. cut out: יָד hand, as an index Ez 21:24, 21:24.

בְּרִיאָה n.f. a creation, thing created, as preternatural, unparalleled; acc. cogn. אִם־ב׳ יִבְרָא י׳ Nu 16:30, cf. בָּרָא Qal 3, Niph. 3.

בְּרָאיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath created) a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:21.

† II. [בָּרָא] vb. be fat (Ar. بَرِئَ be free of a thing, sound, healthy; v. מרא)—Hiph. Inf. לְהַבְרִיאֲכֶם 1 S 2:29 to make yourselves fat.

בָּרִיא adj. fat—Ps 73:4, Ju 3:17; pl. בְּרִיאִים 1 K 5:3; cstr. בְּרִיאֵי Dn 1:15; f. בְּרִיאָה Hb 1:16 + 2 t. + Ez 34:20 בִּרְיָה; Hi Ol:§ 171 a בְּרִיָּה, < בריאה; pl. בְּרִיאוֹת Gn 41:5 + 3 t.; בְּרִיאֹת Gn 41:2, 41:4; —fat, cattle בקר Gn 41:2, 41:4, 41:5, 41:7, 41:18, 41:20 (E) 1 K 5:3; sheep Ez 34:3, 34:20, Zc 11:16; food Hb 1:16; אישׁ ב׳ fat man Ju 3:17; בריאי בשׂר Dn 1:15; אולם ב׳ their body fat Ps 73:4.

בְּרֹאדַךְ בַּלְאֲדָן n.pr.m. v. sub מְרֹדַךְ. p. 597

בִּרְאִי v. בית בראי sub בית. p. 111

בַּרְבֻּרִים v. sub ברר. p. 141

ברד (cf. Ar. بَرُدَ be or become cold).

בָּרָד n.m.:Ex 9:18 hail (Ar. بَرَدُ, Aram. בְּרַד, ܒܰܪܕܳܐ; also Sab. ברדם, cold DHM:ZMG 1875, 607)—בָּרָד Ex 9:18 + 28 t.;—hail, c. המטיר י׳ Ex 9:18, 9:23, c. נתן י׳ 9:23; also Ex 9:19, 9:22, 9:24, 9:25, 9:25, 9:26, 10:5, 10:12, 10:15; ‖קֹלֽת thunder Ex 9:23, 9:28, 9:29, 9:33, ‖קֹלֽת & מָטָר Ex 9:34, ‖אשׁ lightning 9:24; all JE, Egypt. plague; cf. Ps 78:47, 78:48, 105:32; another great hailstorm Jos 10:11 (E), where אַבְנֵי הַבּ׳; further, in theoph. Ps 18:13 (‖גחלי־אשׁ) 2 S 22:13 om. by error; del. however in Ps 18:14 cf. De Che etc.; אוחרות ב׳ Jb 38:22, שׁלג וקיטור אשׁ וב׳ Ps 148:8, ירקון וב׳ Hg 2:17; in sim. Is 28:2 שׁער זרם ב׳; fig. Is 28:17, 30:30 (אבן ב׳)—fig. of judgment of י׳.

136

בָּרַד vb. denom. hail, וּבָרַד בְּרֶדֶת הַיָּ֑עַר consec. Is 32:19 it shall hail.

† [בָּרֹד] adj. spotted, marked (as if sprinkled with hail ? so Ki cf. Lag:BN 29; Syr. ܒܳܪܕܳܐ, i.e. grandinatus, grêlê, PS), mpl. of sheep & goats עֲקֻדִּים נְקֻדִּים וּבְרֻדִּים Gn 31:10, 31:12; horses Zc 6:3, 6:6.

בֶּ֫רֶד

1. n.pr.loc. בָָּרֶד Gn 16:14 near Kadesh.

2. n.pr.m. בֶּ֫רֶד an Ephraimite 1 Ch 7:20.

† I. בָּרָה vb. eat (As. barû & deriv. Zim:BP 31)—Qal Pf. 2 S 12:17; Impf. אֶבְרֶה 2 S 13:6, 13:10 eat bread (בְּרוּ־לְכֶם 1 S 17:8 scribal error for בחרו לכם 1 K 18:25 Dr:Sm 107). Pi. Inf. לְבָרוֹת La 4:10 for devouring. Hiph. Impf. תַּבְרֵנִי 2 S 13:5; Inf. לְהַבְרוֹת 2 S 3:35 cause to eat bread.

בִּרְיָה n.f. food 2 S 13:5, 13:7, 13:10, Ez 34:20 v. בָּרִיא.

† [בָּרוּת] n.f. food; בְּבָרוּתִי Ps 69:22 in (or as) my food.

II. ברה (cf. As. barû, bind, whence birîtu, fetter Zim:BP 59, 82, & treaty, covenant Dl:K 7).

בְּרִית:285 n.f. covenant (‖ Aram. קְיָם, διαθήκη; constitutio)—ב׳ Gn 9:13 + 199 t.; sf. בְּרִיתִי Gn 6:18 + 50 t.; בְּרִיתְךָ Dt 33:9; בְּרִיתֶָךָ Ps 44:18 + 11 t.; בְּרִיתְכֶם Is 28:18; בְּרִיתֵךְ Ez 16:61; בְּרִיתוֹ Ex 2:24 = 18 t.;—pact, compact, covenant. I. between men.

1. trety, alliance, league: Abraham and Amorites Gn 14:13; Edom and its allies Ob:7; with Philistines Gn 21:27, 21:32 (E) 26:28 (J); Jacob and Laban Gn 31:44 (J); Joshua and Gibeonites Jos 9:6, 9:7, 9:11, 9:15, 9:16 (J); Israel and Canaanites Ex 23:32, 34:12, 34:15 (JE) Dt 7:2, Ju 2:2; Ammonites and Jabesh 1 S 11:1; Solomon and Hiram 1 K 5:26; Ahab and Benhadad 1 K 20:34; Syria and Israel 1 K 15:19 = 2 Ch 16:3; Nebuchadnezzar and Zedekiah Ez 17:13–19; nations against Israel Ps 83:6; nations with Egypt Ez 30:5; Ephraim and Assyria Ho 12:2; Judah and Israel Ez 16:61; Judah and Tyre Am 1:9; Assyria and Judah Is 33:8; נגיד ברית a prince in league (with him) Dn 11:22 (so He Ew; Hi Meinh Bev ref. to h. p. Onias III, & translate prince of cov't, cf. AV RV); fig., with death Is 28:15, 28:18; with stones of the field Jb 5:23.

2. constitution, ordinance, between monarch and subjects: David and Abner 2 S 3:12, 3:13, 3:21; David and the elders of Israel 2 S 5:3 = 1 Ch 11:3; Zedekiah and his people Je 34:8–18; hostile prince and Israelites Dn 9:27.

3. agreement, pledge: Jehoiada and captains 2 K 11:4 = 2 Ch 23:1; with onself Jb 31:1; with Leviathan to be a servant Jb 40:28; between man and man Ho 10:4 cf. בעל ברית Ju 8:33, 9:4 = אל ברית Ju 9:46.

4. alliance of friendship between David and Jonathan 1 S 18:3, 20:8, 23:18 cf. Ps 55:21.

5. alliance of marriage Pr 2:17, Mal 2:14.—In all cases כרת ברית is the technical phrase for making covenant except Je 34:10 באו בברית; Dn 9:27 הגביר ברית לְ. Various preps. are used, most oft. לְ Ex 23:32 +, but also עִם Gn 26:28 +, אֵת 2 S 3:12 +, בֵּין 2 Ch 16:3. II. between God and man. 1. alliance of friendship (‖סוֹד) Ps 25:14. 2. covenant, as a divine constitution or ordinance with signs or pledges (vid. אוֹת). a. with Noah Gn 9:9–17 (P) Is 54:10, Je 33:20, 33:25; a divine promise that there would be no other deluge. b. with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob Gn 15:18 (J) 17:2–21, Ex 2:24, 6:4, 6:5, Lv 26:42 (P) 2 K 13:23, 1 Ch 16:15 = Ps 105:8, 105:10, Ne 9:8, Je 34:18; a promise to multiply their seed, give them the land of Canaan, and make them a blessing to the nations. c. with Israel at Sinai = Horeb, with a covenant sacrifice Ex 19:5, 24:7, 24:8 (E) 34:10, 34:27, 34:28 (J) 31:16, Lv 2:13 (P) 24:8, 26:9, 26:15, 26:25, 26:44, 26:45 (H) Dt 4:13; renewed in plains of Moab Dt 28:69; with blessings and curses Dt 29:20; frequently referred to in other books 2 Ch 34:32, Ps 25:10, 44:18, 50:5, 50:16, 74:20, 78:10, 78:37, 103:18, 106:45, 111:5, 111:9, Is 56:4, 56:6, Je 1:2, 1:3, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10, 14:21, 22:9, 31:32, Ez 16:8, 16:59, 16:60, 44:7, Dn 9:4, 11:28, 11:30, 11:32, Ho 6:7, 8:1, Zc 9:11, 11:10; a divine constitution given to Israel with promises on condition of obedience and penalties for disobendience, in the form of tables of the covenant Dt 9:9, 9:11, 9:15, inscribed with the ten words, placed in (י׳)ארון ברית the ark of the covenant Nu 10:33 + 40 t. (vid. ארון; in 1 S 4:3, 4:4, 4:4, 4:5 om. ברית after ארון LXX We Dr); set forth in דברי הברית words of the covenant Ex 34:28 (J) Dt 28:69, 29:8, 2 K 23:3 (= 2 Ch 34:31) Je 11:2–8; written in ספר הברית the book of the covenant Ex 24:7 (E. cf. 34:27 J) 2 K 23:2, 23:21 (cf. 2 Ch 34:30). d. with Phinehas Nu 25:12, 25:13 (P), a constitution, establishing an everlasting priesthood in his line; cf. ברית הכהנים Ne 13:29 & ברית הלוי Mal 2:4, 2:8. e. with Joshua and Israel Jos 24:25 (E), an ordinance or constitutional agreement to serve Yahweh only. f. with David Ps 89:4, 89:29, 89:34, 89:39, 132:12, Je 33:21 (cf. 2 S 7 = 1 Ch 17); a divine promise to the seed of David of an everlasting kingdom, the relation of sonship, and the superintendence of the temple (cf. Ps 2.) g. Jehoiada and the people 2 K 11:17 = 2 Ch 23:3, a constitutional agreement to be the people of Yahweh. h. Hezekiah and the people 2 Ch 29:10, a constitutional agreement to reform the worship. i. Josiah and the people 2 K 23:3, a constitutional agreement to obey the book of the covenant. j. Ezra and the people Ezr 10:3, a constitutional agreement to put away foreign wives and observe the Law. k. the prophetic covenant, a divine promise through a series of prophets to establish a new constitution ברית חדשׁה Je 31:31, with new institutions and precepts Is 42:6, 49:8, 55:3, 59:21, 61:8, Je 31:31, 31:33, 32:40, 50:5, Ez 16:60, 16:62, 20:37, 34:25, 37:26, Ho 2:20. In Is:2 the Messianic servant is ברית עם Is 42:6, 49:8, cf. מלאך הברית Mal 3:1. III. Phrases. 1. covenant making: כרת ברית Gn 15:18, Ex 34:10, 34:27 (J) Jos 24:25 (E) Dt 5:2, 5:3, 28:69, 29:13, 29:24, 1 K 5:26, 2 K 11:17, 17:35, 17:38, 23:3, 2 Ch 21:7, 23:3, 23:16, 29:10, 34:30, Ezr 10:3, Ne 9:8, Ps 50:5, 89:4, Is 55:3, 61:8, Je 11:10, 31:31, 31:32, 31:33, 32:40, 34:13, Ez 34:25, 37:26, Hos 2:20; הקים ברית establish a covenant Gn 6:18, 9:9, 9:11, 9:17, 17:7, 17:19, 17:21, Ex 6:4 (P) Ez 16:60, 16:62, but confirm covenant Lv 26:9 (?; H) Dt 8:18; נתן ברית Gn 17:2, Nu 25:12 (P); שׂם ברית 2 S 23:5 (poet.); עבר בברית Dt 29:11; בא בברית 2 Ch 15:12, Ez 16:8; חוה ברית Ps 111:9; נשׂא ברית על פי Ps 50:16. (Cf. further on these Dr:J Ph xi. 1882, 210 ff.) 2. covenant keeping: on the part of man שׁמר ברית 1 K 11:11, Ne 1:5, 9:32, Ps 78:10, 103:18, 132:12, Dn 9:4, נחר ברית Dt 33:9, Ps 25:10, מחזיקים בברית Is 56:4, 56:6; on the part of God זכר ברית Gn 9:15, 9:16, Ex 2:24, 6:5 (all P), Lv 26:42, 26:42, 26:42 (H; on sf. cf. Di Ges:§ 128, 1 R b) v:45 (H) Ps 105:8, 106:45, 111:5, 1 Ch 16:15, Ez 16:15, Ez 16:60. Thus we have נאמנת Ps 89:29; ברית עולם Gn 9:16, 17:7, 17:13, 17:18, 17:19, Ex 31:16, Lv 24:8, Nu 18:19, 25:13 (P) 2 S 23:5, (poet.) 1 Ch 16:17 (= Ps 105:10) Is 24:5, 55:3, 61:8, Je 32:40, 50:5, Ez 16:60, 37:26; ברית מלח Lv 2:13, 2 Ch 13:5, 21:7 (a cov't. with sacrificial meal and salt; on cov't. with salt in Arabia cf. We:Skizzen iii. 124); ברית שׁלום Nu 25:12 (P) Is 54:10, Ez 34:25, 37:26; הברית והחסד Dt 7:9, 7:12, 1 K 8:23 (= 2 Ch 6:14) Ne 1:5, 9:32, Dn 9:4; ברית קדשׁ Dn 11:28, 11:30; מסרת הברית Ez 20:37. 3. covenant violation: עבר ברית Dt 17:2, Jos 7:11, 7:15, 23:16 (D) Ju 2:20, 2 K 18:12, Ho 6:7, 8:1; הפר ברית Gn 17:14, Lv 26:15, 26:44 (H) Dt 31:16, 31:20 (J) Ju 2:1, Is 24:5, 24:5, Je 11:10, 14:21, 31:32, 33:20, 33:21, Ez 16:59, 17:18, 17:19, 44:7, Zc 11:10; עזב ברית 1 K 19:10, 19:14, Je 22:9, Dn 11:30; מאס ברית 2 K 17:15; נאר ברית Ps 89:39; חלל ברית Ps 89:34, Mal 2:10; שׁקר בברית Ps 44:18; שׁכח ברית Dt 4:23, 4:31, Je 50:5.

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בְּרוֹשׁ, בְּרוֹת v. sub ברשׁ. p. 141

בָּרוּת v. sub I. ברה. p. 136

בֵּרוֹ֫תָה, בֵּרֹתי v. sub באר. p. 92

ברז (? cf. Aram. כרז bore, pierce, or Ar. بَرَزَ, appear).

ברזות n.pr.f. (?) descend. of Asher (perh. בִּרְזָא foramen, Thes, or بَرْزَةُ woman whose beauties are apparent) 1 Ch 7:31 Kt (Qr בִּרְזָ֑יִת).

בַּרְזֶל n.m.:Dt 19:5 iron (c. ל afform.; fr. piercing ? NH id., Aram. id., פַּדְזֶל, ܦܰܪܙܠܳܐ, Ph. ברזל, As. parzillu COT:Gloss, (Ar. فِرْزِلُ fetter is loan-word))—alw. abs. ב׳ Gn 4:22 + 74 t. (בַּרְזֶלָ Gn 4:22 etc.);—

1. iron, lit.: a. iron-ore, stone containing iron, Dt 8:9, Jb 28:2; b. as raw material (to be worked) Gn 4:22, 1 Ch 22:3, 22:14, 22:16, 29:2, 29:2, 29:7, 2 Ch 2:6, 2:13, 24:12, Is 44:12; c. as article of commerce Ez 27:12, 27:19; d. as material of furniture, utensils, implements, etc., עֶרֶשׂ ב׳ Dt 3:11, רֶכֶב ב׳ Jos 17:16, 17:18, Ju 1:19, 4:3, 4:13, כְּלֵי ב׳ Jos 6:19, 6:24 cf. 1 K 6:7, Nu 35:16, עֵט־ב׳ Jb 19:24 & fig. Je 17:1, חֲרִחֵי הַבּ׳ 2 S 12:31 = 1 Ch 20:3, מַגְזְרוֹת הַבּ׳ 2 S 12:31 cutting instr. of iron, vid. Am 1:3, כַּבְלֵי ב׳ Ps 149:8 (‖זִקִּיִם), נֵשֶׁק ב׳ Jb 20:24, קַרְנֵי ב׳ 1 K 22:11 = 2 Ch 18:10, קִיר ב׳ & מַחֲבַת ב׳ Ez 4:3; בְּרִיחֵי ב׳, i.e. of Babylon, ag. Cyrus Is 45:2; cf. 1 S 17:7 & Is 60:17, 60:17 (fig.)

2. tool of iron Dt 27:5, Jos 8:31, Pr 27:17, 27:17, Ec 10:10, Is 10:34 (metaph.); head of an axe Dt 19:5, 2 K 6:5, 6:6; so weapon 2 S 23:7, Jb 41:19; cf. also Nu 31:22, Jos 22:8 where iron as spoil of war.

3. iron in fig. of unwatered earth Dt 28:23; of Egyptian bondage, כּוּר הַבּ׳ Dt 4:20, 1 K 8:51, Je 11:4, of oppression עֹל ב׳ Dt 28:48, Je 28:14 cf. v:13; of strength Je 15:12, 15:12; cf. מִנְעָלֶיךָ ב׳ Dt 33:25 & Mi 4:13 קֶרֶן ב׳; of prophet, firm through Yahweh's might, עַמּוּד ב׳ Je 1:18; of distress, בְּרִיחֵי ב׳ Ps 107:16 cf. v:10 of judgments of י׳, & 105:18; שֵׁבֶט ב׳ Ps 2:9; of evil-doers, Je 6:28, Ez 22:18, 22:20; simile of scorching sky Lv 26:19; מְטִיל ב׳ of bones of hippopotamus Jb 40:18; גִּיד ב׳ of obstinate neck of Isr. Is 48:4.

בַּרְזִלַּי n.pr.m. (man of iron)—

1. a Gileadite 2 S 17:27, 19:32, 19:33, 19:35, 19:40, 1 K 2:7; בַּרְזִלָּי֑ 2 S 19:34; Ezr 2:61 = Ne 7:63 בְּנֵי בַרְזִלַּי אֲשֶׁר לָקַח מִבְּנוֹת בַּרְזִלַּי הַגִּלְעָדִי וַיִּקָּרֵא עַל־שְׁמָם, where 2nd Barzillai = above, & former is

2. a priest Ezr 2:61 = Ne 7:63, who adopted name בַּרְזִלַּי.

3. 2 S 21:8 a Meholathite.

בָּרַח vb. go through, flee (cf. Germ. durchgehen (Ar. بَرِحَ go away, withdraw, flee) —Qal Pf. בָּרַח Gn 31:22 + 9 t., בָּֽרְחוּ Jb 9:25, בָּרָָחוּ Is 22:3; Impf. יִבְרַח Jb 20:24, יִבְרָָח Jb 27:22, Ne 6:11, וַיִּבְרַח Gn 31:21 + 13 t.; 3 fs. וַתִּבְרַח Gn 16:6, אֶבְרָָח Ps 139:7, יִבְרְחוּ Je 52:7, וַיִּבְרְחוּ 2 S 4:3 + 4 t., נִבְרָחָָה 2 S 15:14; Imv. בְּרַח Gn 27:43 + 3 t., בִּרְחוּ Is 48:20; Inf. abs. בָּרוֹחַ Jb 27:22; cstr. בְּרֹחַ 1 S 23:6 + 3 t., בִּרוֹחַ Jon 1:3; sf. בָּרְחִי 1 K 2:7, בָּרְחֲךָ Gn 31:5, בָּרְחוֹ Gn 35:7 + 2 t.;—

1. go or pass though, of bar, לִבְרֹחַ…וַיַּעַשׂ אֶת־הַבְּרִיחַ Ex 36:33 (P).

2. flee Gn 31:20, 21:21, 31:22 (E) Ex 14:5 (J) Ju 9:21, 1 S 19:12, 19:18, 22:17, 2 S 13:34, 13:37, 13:38 (del. Dr cf. We) 15:14, Is 22:3, Je 4:29, 26:21, 39:4, 52:7, Ne 6:11; fig. of days fleeing away Jb 9:25; of man, like a shadow Jb 14:2; c. מִן flee from a place 1 S 20:1, 2 S 19:10 9 + מֵעַל pers.) Is 48:20, a weapon Jb 20:24; a person, c. מֵאֵת 1 K 11:23, usually c. מִפְּנֵי Gn 16:6, 16:8, 31:27, 35:1, 35:7, Ex 2:15 (all JE) Ju 11:3, 2 S 21:11, 1 K 2:7, 12:2 = 2 Ch 10:2, Ps 3:1, 57:1 (titles) 139:7, Jon 1:10; מִיַּד י׳ fig. Jb 27:22; flee to, c. acc. place 1 S 27:4, 1 K 11:40, Ho 12:13; c. place & לְ Ne 13:10; c. place & הָ loc. Jon 1:3, 4:2, 2 S 4:3; c. place & אֶל־ Nu 24:11, Am 7:12; c. אֶל־ & pers. 1 S 23:6, Gn 27:43 (J) 1 K 2:39, 1 K 11:40; אַחֲרֵי & pers. 1 S 22:20; flee, sq. inf. 1 K 11:17, Dn 10:7.

3. flee = hasten, come quickly Ct 8:14. Hiph. Pf. הִבְרִיחוּ 1 Ch 8:13; Impf. יַבְרִיחַ Pr 19:26; sf. יַבְרִיחֶנּוּ Jb 41:20, וָאַבְרִחֵהוּ Ne 13:28, וַיַּבְרִיחוּ 1 Ch 12:15; Pt. מַבְרִחַ Ex 26:28; —1. pass through lit. Ex 26:28 (P) cf. Qal. 2. cause to flee, put to flight, animal Jb 41:20, men 1 Ch 8:18, 12:16; drive away Pr 19:16, Ne 13:28 (sq. מֵעָלַי).

138

† 1. [בָּרִיחַ] adj. fleeing ( = …בַּרִּיחַ) :נָחָשׁ בָּרִֽחַ Jb 26:13 of eclipse-dragon, לִוְיָתָן נָחָשׁ בָרִחַ Is 27:1 (prob. fig. of Assyrians); as subst. בָּרִיחִים Is 43:14 as fugitives (for other views cf. Comm.); so prob. also Is 15:5 בריחיה, v. בְּרִיחַ.

† II. בָּרִיח n.pr.m. son of Shemaiah 1 Ch 3:22.

בְּרִיחַ n.m. bar (cf. As. burûḫu, spearshaft, spear, COT:Gloss)—בְּרִיחַ Dt 3:5 = 11 t. (cstr. Am 1:5 etc.); בְּרִיחוֹ Ex 35:11, 39:38 Kt (Qr both ־חַיו needless); pl. בְּרִיחִם Ex 26:26 + 8 t., בְּרִיחִים 2 Ch 14:6, בְּרִיחֵי Ex 36:31 + 3 t., בְּרִיחָָיִח Na 3:13, בְּרִיחָיו Ex 40:18 + 7 t. (+ Qr Ex 35:11, 39:33), בְּרִיחֶיהָ Je 51:30, La 2:9, בְּרִחֶיהָ Jon 2:7, בְּרִיחֶָהָ Is 15:5 but cf. infr.;—

1. a. bar, of wood, joining boards of tabern. Ex 26:26, 26:27, 26:27, 26:28, 26:29, 26:29, 35:11, 36:31, 36:32, 36:32, 36:33, 36:34, 36:34, 40:18, Nu 3:36, 4:31 (all P). b. bar (s) of city-gates Dt 3:5, Ju 16:8, 1 S 23:7, 2 Ch 8:5, 14:6; id. of gates of Jerusalem La 2:9; also (‖מנעולים) Ne 3:3, 3:6, 3:18, 3:14, 3:15 cf. Ps 147:13; cf. Am 1:5, Na 3:13, Je 49:31, Ez 38:11, Je 51:30; bars of city-gates, נחשׁת ב׳ 1 K 4:13, ברזל ב׳ Is 45:2 (of Babylon, broken bef. Cyrus); בְּרִיחֶָהָ Is 15:5 rd. prob. c. Targum Di al. בָּר׳ v. בָּרִיחַ; yet cf. Che's crit. n.

2. fig. בַּרְזָל ב׳ of distress, etc. Ps 107:16; of fortress, אַרְמוֹן ב׳ in simile Pr 18:19; fig. ב׳ of earth (pictured as house out of which Jonah is shut) Jon 2:7. (Older usage sg. of bar of door or gate, i.e. the great bar across the gate; so Dt 3:5, Ju 16:3, Am 1:5, 1 S 23:7, 1 K 4:13, Je 49:31, Pr 18:9, Jb 38:10, 2 Ch 8:5, Ez 38:11 Later pl. Is 45:2, La 2:9, 2 Ch 14:6, Ne 3:3, 3:6, 3:13, 3:14, 3:15, Ps 147:13, but also Na 3:13.)

† [מִבְרָח] n.m. (flight) fugitive—Ez 17:21 מברחו Kt coll., מִבְרָחָיו Qr; Co rds. Qr, but del. as gloss; Targum SyrVer Ew Sm rd. מִבְחָרָיו.

בַרְחֻמִי 2 S 23:31 = בַּחֲרוּמִי 1 Ch 11:33, rd. prob. בַּחֻרִמִי v. sub בחר & cf. Dr. p. 104

בֵּרִי n.pr.m. v. sub באר p. 92.

בְּרִי Jb 37:11 v. רִי sub רוה. p. 924

[בְּרִי], בִּרְיָה v. בִּרִיא sub II. ברא. p. 135

בֵּרִים 2 S 20:14 obscure, many after Vulgate rd. בַּחֻרִים; Klo prefers חַבִּכְּ רִים after LXX & so Dr.

בְּרִית v. sub II. ברה; v. also אֵל 3. בַּעַל 4. p. 136

בֹּרִית v. sub ברר. p. 141

† [בָּרַךְ]:329 vb. kneel, bless (NH id.; Ar. بَرَكَ; Eth. baraka:: Aram. בְּרֵח ܒܪܶܟ (praise), Palm. esp. in בריך שמו לעלמא Vog:Palm. 74 ff. cf. 94, 144)—Qal Impf. יִבְּרַח 2 Ch 6:13; נִבְרְכָה Ps 95:6; בָּרוֹח (v. Pi.); Pt. pass. כָּרוּךְ Gn 9:26 + 70 t.;—

1. kneel down (so Ar. Syr. Eth.): וַיִּבְרַח עַל־בִרְכָּיו and he kneeled upon his knees 2 Ch 6:13; נִבְרְכָה לפני י׳ let us kneel before Yahweh Ps 95:6.

2. bless (only pt. pass.). a. of God: בָּרוּח י׳ blessed be (or is) י׳ Ex 18:10 (E) Gn 9:26, 24:27 (J) Ru 4:14, 1 S 25:32, 25:39, 2 S 18:28, 1 K 1:48, 5:21, 8:51, 8:56, 10:9, 1 Ch 16:36, 29:10, 2 Ch 2:11, 6:4, 9:8, Ezr 7:27, Ps 28:6, 31:22, 41:14, 72:18, 89:53, 106:48, 119:12, 124:6, 135:21, 144:1, Zc 11:5; אלהים ב׳ Ps 66:20, 68:36; אדני ב׳ Ps 68:20 (prob. for an original יהוה); אל עליון ב׳ Gn 14:20 (E); חוּרִי ב׳ 2 S 22:47 (= Ps 18:47); כבוד י׳ ב׳ Ez 3:12; שׁם ב׳ כבודו Ps 72:19. b. of men: Gn 27:33 (J) Nu 22:12 (E) Dt 7:14, 28:3, 28:6, 33:20, 33:24, 1 S 25:33, 26:25, Ju 17:2, 1 K 2:45, Ps 118:26, Is 19:25, Je 17:7, 20:14; מברכך ברוך blessed be the one blessing thee Gn 27:29, Nu 24:9 (E); ליהוה ב׳ Ru 2:19, 2:20, 3:10, 1 S 15:13, 23:21, 2 S 2:5, Ps 115:15; לאל עליון ב׳ Gn 14:19; בְּרוּח י׳ Gn 24:31, 26:29 (J); בְּרוּכֵי י׳ Is 65:23. c. things: בָּרוּח פרי בטנך blessed be the fruit of thy womb Dt 28:4 cf. Dt 28:5, 1 S 25:33, Pr 5:18. Niph. Pf. נִבְרְכוּ Gn 12:3, 18:18, 28:14 (J) bless oneself (cf. Hithp.). Pi.:233 Pf. בֵּרַח Gn 24:1 + 29 t.; בֵּרֵח Ps 10:3, Nu 23:20; בֵּרְכוּ 2 Ch 20:26; וּבֵרֲכוּ Jb 1:5; sf. בֵּרֲכוֹ, בֵּרֲכַּ נִי, etc., Gn 27:27 + 5 t.; בֵּרַכְךָ Dt 2:7 + 9 t.; Impf. יְבָרֵח, וַיְּבֶ֫רֶח etc., Gn 28:3 + 52 t.; אֲבָֽרֲכָה Gn 12:3 + 2 t.; pl. יְבָֽרֲכוּ Gn 24:60 + 11 t.; sf. יְבָרֶכְךָ Gn 27:10 + 21 t.; יְבָֽרֲכָךָּ Gn 49:25 + 2 t.; יְבָֽרֲכֵהוּ Gn 14:19 + 16 t.; יְבָֽרֲכֵם Gn 48:20 + 6 t.; אֲבָרֶכְכָה Gn 27:7; תְּבָֽרֲכַּ נִּי Gn 27:19, 27:31; יְבָֽרֲכֶנְהוּ Ps 72:15; יְבָֽרֲכוּכָה Ps 145:10; Imv. בָּרֵח Dt 33:11 + 29 t.; Inf. cstr. בָּרֵח Gn 22:17 + 24 t.; Inf. abs. בָּרוֹח Jos 24:10 (Ki, cf. Kö:i. 191, Ew:§ 240 b, 2 Ol Sta); Pt. מְבָרֵח Pr 27:14 + 4 t.;—1. bless God, adore with bended knees: acc. ברך י׳ Gn 24:48 (J) Dt 8:10, Ju 5:2, 5:9, 1 Ch 29:10, 29:20, 2 Ch 20:26, 31:8, Ne 9:5, Ps 16:7, 26:12, 34:2, 63:5, 103:20, 103:21, 103:22, 115:18, 134:1, 134:2, 135:19, 135:20, 145:2, 145:10; ברכי נפשׁי את י׳ Ps 103:1, 103:2, 103:22, 104:1, 104:35; ברך שׁם bless the name of Yahweh Ne 9:5, Ps 96:2, 100:4, 145:1, 145:21; ברך אלהים Jos 22:33, Ps 66:8, 68:27 (doubtless for an original יהוה), with לְ 1 Ch 29:20; מְבָרֵח אָוָן Is 66:3 (of idolatrous worship). 2. God blesses a. men: abs. Nu 23:20 (E) Ps 109:28; with acc. Gn 32:27, 32:30, 48:16, Ex 20:24, Nu 24:1, Jos 24:10 (E) Gn 12:2, 12:3, 22:17, 24:1, 24:35, 26:12, 30:27, 30:30, 39:5, 49:25, Jos 17:14 (J) Gn 1:22, 1:28, 5:2, 9:1, 17:16, 17:20, 25:11, 26:3, 26:24, 28:3, 35:9, 48:3, Nu 6:24, 6:27 (P) Dt 1:11, 2:7, 7:13, 12:7, 14:24, 14:29, 15:4, 15:6, 15:10, 15:14, 15:18, 16:10, 16:15, 23:21, 24:13, 24:19, 26:15, 28:8, 30:16, Ju 13:24, 2 S 6:11, 6:12, 7:29, 1 Ch 4:10, 13:14, 17:27, 26:5, 2 Ch 31:10, Ne 8:6, Ru 2:4, Jb 42:12, Ps 5:13, 28:9, 29:11, 45:3, 67:2, 67:7, 67:8, 107:38, 115:12, 115:13, 128:5, 134:3, 147:13, Pr 3:33, Is 19:25, 51:2, 61:9, Je 31:23, Hg 2:19, b. things: Sabbath Gn 2:3, Ex 20:11 (P); field Gn 27:27 (E); bread Ex 23:25 (E); work Dt 28:12, Jb 1:10 cf. Dt 33:11, Ps 65:11, 132:15.

3. men bless men: priests & kings בשׁם י׳ Dt 10:8, 21:5, 2 S 6:18, 1 Ch 16:2, 23:13, Ps 129:8; Melchizedek Abraham Gn 14:19; Moses Dt 33:1, Ex 12:32, 39:43; Joshua Jos 14:13, 22:6, 22:7; priests Lv 9:22, 9:23, Nu 6:23, Dt 27:12, Jos 8:33, 2 Ch 30:27, Ps 118:26; Solomon 1 K 8:14, 8:55 ( = 2 Ch 6:3); David 2 S 6:20 (= 1 Ch 16:43) 19:40; Eli 1 S 2:20; Balaam Nu 22:6, 23:11, 23:20, 23:25, 24:10; fathers, esp. on death-bed Gn 27:4 + 12 t. Gn 27 (all JE) 28:1, 28:6 (P) 32:1 (E) 48:9 (P) 48:15, 48:20, 49:28 (J) 2 S 13:25; in consecrating a sacrifice 1 S 9:13.

4. salute, greet, with an invocation of blessing (stronger than שׁלום): בך יברך ישׂראל with thee will Israel bless Gn 48:20 (E). a. in meeting Gn 47:7 (P) 2 K 4:29, 10:15, 1 S 13:10. b. in departing Gn 24:60 (J) 47:10 (P) 1 K 8:66. c. by messengers 1 S 25:14, 2 S 8:10, 1 Ch 18:10. d. in gratitude Jb 31:20, Pr 30:11, Ne 11:2. e. morning salutation Pr 27:14. f. congratulations for prosperity Gn 12:3 (J) 27:29, Nu 24:9 (E) 1 K 1:47, Ps 49:19, 62:5. g. in homage 2 S 14:22, Ps 72:15. h. in friendliness 2 S 21:3.

5. bless, with the antithetical meaning curse (Thes) from the greeting in departing, saying adieu to, taking leave of; but rather a blessing overdone and so really a curse as in vulgar English as well as in the Shemitic cognates: 1 K 21:10, 21:13, Jb 1:5, 1:11, 2:5, 2:9, Ps 10:3. Pu. Impf. יְבֹרַח 2 S 7:29 + 3 t.; תְּבֹרַח Ju 5:24, Pr 20:21; Pt. מְבֹרָח Nu 22:6 + 3 t.; f. מְבֹרֶכֶת Dt 33:13; מְבֹרָכָיו Ps 37:22; —1. pass. to be blessed, adored: שׁם י׳ Jb 1:21, Ps 113:2 2. prospered by God: a. persons 2 S 7:29, 1 Ch 17:27, Ps 37:22, 112:2, 128:4, Pr 20:21. b. things Dt 33:13. 3. have prosperity invoked, by Balaam Nu 22:6. 4. in gratitude Pr 22:9, Ju 5:24. Hiph. וַיַּבְרֵח חַגְּמַלִּים and he made his camels kneel Gn 24:11 (J). Hithp. הִתְבָּרֵח Dt 29:18 + 3 t.; Impf. יִתְבָּרֵח Is 65:16, Ps 72:17; Pt. מִתְבָּרֵח Is 65:16; —bless oneself, congratulate onself בלבבו in his heart Dt 29:18; בזרעך with or by (cf. בְּ III. 2. d) thy seed (invoke for oneself the blessing of the see of Abraham) Gn 22:18, 26:4 (J); by the Messianic king Ps 72:17; באלהי אמן Is 65:16; by י׳ Je 4:2.

139

בֶּ֫רֶךְ n.f.:Is. 45:23 Knee (As. birku COT:Gloss; Eth. brk: Aram. בֶּרֶךְ ܒܪܽܘܟ) Is 45:23; du. בִּרְכַּיִם Jb 3:12 + 10 t.; sf. בִּרְכַּי etc. Gn 30:3 + 11 t.;—knee, knees: מים ברכים water reaching to the knees Ez 47:4; וַתְּנִיעֵנִי על ברכי Dn 10:10; יַכְּכָה בשׁחין רע על הברכים Dt 28:35; כרע על ברכים kneel on knees in worship 1 K 8:54, Ezr 9:5 cf. Is 45:23, 1 K 19:18, 2 Ch 6:13, in entreaty 2 K 1:13, to drink of a fountain Ju 7:5, 7:6; שׂם פניו בין ברכיו put his face between his knees in prayer 1 K 18:42; על ברכים upon the knees, Gn 30:3 (E; on תֵּלֵד עַל ב׳ v. Ploss:Das Weib Aufi. 2. ii. 180 ff. Sta:ZAW 1886, 143 ff.) 50:23 (E) Jb 3:12, Ju 16:10, 2 K 4:20, Is 66:12; הוחיא מעם ברכים Gn 48:12 (E); knees as seat of strength, weak from terror Jb 4:4, Is 35:3, Ez 7:17, 21:12, Na 2:11; or fasting Ps 109:24.

† I. בְּרָכָה n.f. blessing (Ar. بَرَكَةُ; Eth. barakat: Aram. בִּרְכָּא ܒܽܪܟܬܳܐ; NH as Heb.)—ב׳ Gn 12:2 + 39 t.; cstr. בִּרְכַּת Gn 28:4 + 9 t.; sf. בִּרְכָתוֹ Gn 49:28 + 7 t.; pl. בְּרָכוֹת Ps 21:7 + 4 t.; cstr. בִּרְכוֹת, בִּרְכֹת Gn 49:25 + 5 t.; sf. בִּרְכוֹתֵיכֶם Mal 2:2; —

1. blessing: a. of parent Gn 27:12, 27:41, 49:28 (JE), of Moses Dt 33:1. b. of God Ex 32:29 (E) LV 25:21 (P) Dt 11:26, 11:27, 11:29, 23:6 (= Ne 13:2) 28:2, 28:8, 30:1, 30:19, Jos 8:34 (D) 2 S 7:29, Ps 3:9, 21:4, 133:3, Is 44:3, Ez 34:26, 44:30, Jo 2:14, Mal 3:10; ברכת יהוה Gn 39:5 (J) Dt 12:15, 16:17, 33:23, Ps 129:8, Pr 10:22; ברכה מאת י׳ Ps 24:5; ברכת אברהם Gn 28:4 (P), the blessing given to Abraham. c. of the people, in recognition of good men Ps 109:17, Pr 10:6, 11:26, 24:25, 28:20. d. of a poor man, in recognition of benefits Jb 29:13.

2. source of blessing: Abraham Gn 12:2 (J); Israel Is 19:24, Ez 34:26, Zc 8:13; seed of the righteous Ps 37:26; the king Ps 21:7; memory of the righteous Pr 10:7; new wine Is 65:8.

3. blessing, prosperity: בברכת ישׁרים by the prosperity of the upright (the city is exalted) Pr 11:11; גם ברכות יעטה מורה yea, the early rain covereth with blessings Ps 84:7 cf. Gn 49:25, 49:26; וארותי את ברכותיכם and I will curse your prosperity Mal 2:2.

4. blessing, praise of God Ne 9:5.

5. a gift, present Gn 33:11 (E) Jos 15:19 (J) Ju 1:15, 1 S 25:27, 30:26, 2 K 5:15; נֶפֶשׁ בְּרָכָה a liberal person Pr 11:25 (cf. Syr. ܒܽܘܪܟܳܐ, Eth. barakat:).

6. treaty of peace 2 K 18:31 = Is 36:16.

† II. בְּרָכָה

1. n. pr. loc. valley in wilderness by Tekoa 2 Ch 20:26, 20:26; mod. Bereikût cf. Be & reff.

2. n.pr.m. one of David's band 1 Ch 12:3.

140

בָּרוּךְ n.pr.m. (blessed)

1. friend and amanuensis of Jeremiah Je 32:12, 32:13, 32:16, 36:4–32, 43:3, 43:6, 45:1, 45:2.

2. a priest, son of Zabbai (Zaccai) Ne 3:20, 10:7.

3. son of Colhozeh, of the tribe of Judah Ne 11:5.

בְּרֵכָה n.f. pool, pond (הברכה SI:5; Ar. بِرْكَةُ; Sab. ברכת Sab. Denkm.:73; Aram. בְּרֵיכְתָּא)—ב׳ 2 S 2:13, 2:13, 4:12, 2 K 18:17 (= Is 36:2) 20:20, Ne 3:16, Is 7:3, 22:9, 22:11; cstr. בְּרֵכַת 2 S 2:13, 1 K 22:38, Ne 2:14, 3:15, Na 2:9; pl. בְּרֵכוֹת Ec 2:6, Ct 7:5.

בָּרַכְאֵל n.pr.m. (Ēl doth bless, cf. Ph. ברכבעל, Palm. בלברך Vog:117, Bab. Bariki-ili Opp:Jas 1887 Nov.-Dec., 596 f.) father of Elihu Jb 32:2, 32:6.

יְבֶרֶכְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (= יְבָרֶכְיָהוּ s. Yah blesseth Ges:§ 27, 3) father of a Zechariah in Isaiah's time Is 8:2; usually in abbreviated form as foll.: בֶּרֶכְיָה

1. son of Zerubbabel 1 Ch 3:20.

2. a Levite gruard of the ark 1 Ch 9:16, 15:23.

3. father of Meshullam, one of Nehemian's chiefs Ne 3:4, 3:30, 6:18.

4. father of the prophet Zechariah Zc 1:1 = בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ v:7; בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ also

5. father of Asaph 1 Ch 6:24, 15:17.

6. Ephraimite chief 2 Ch 28:12.

בֶּרֶכְיָה, בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ v. יְבֶרֶכְיָהוּ supra.

ברם (cf. ar. بَرَمَ twist a rope of two strands).

בְּרֹמִים n.[m.] variegated cloth (Ar. بَرِيمُ rope (or fabric) of two strands or colours; cf. As. birmu, a kind of clothing COT:Gloss, burmu, iris, Zim:BP 82; on burūmu cf. Jen:Kosmol. 6 ff.) וּבְגִנְזֵי בְּרֹמִים Ez 27:24.

בַּרְנֵעַ cf. קדשׁ ב׳. p. 873

בֶּ֫רַע n.pr.m. king of Sodom Gn 14:2 (√ unknown; LXX Βαλλα).

בְּרִיעָה n.pr.m. 1. a son of Asher Gn 46:17, 46:17, Nu 26:44, 26:45, 1 Ch 7:30, 7:31. 2. son of Ephraim 1 Ch 7:23 (where expl. as if fr. בְּרָעָה). 3. a Benjamite בְּרִעָה 1 Ch 8:13, בְּרִיעָה 1 Ch 8:16. 4. a Levite 1 Ch 23:10, 23:11.

בְּרִיעִי adj. gent. c. art. as n. coll. משׁפחת הַבְּ׳ Nu 26:44.

בָּרַק vb. flash, of lightning (Ar. بَرَقَ gleam, flash, lighten, As. barâḳy Zim:BP 76, Aram. בְּרַק ܒܪܰܩ, Eth. baraqa: Sab. ברק Hal:252 cf. DHM:ZMG 1875, 597)—Qal Pf. בָּרַק so rd. after LXXL 2 S 22:15 & also in ‖ Ps 18:15 (cf. Klo Che crit. n.); Imv. בְּרֹק Ps 144:6; —all c.acc. cogn. בָּרָק, בְּרָקִים;—flash, trans. flash lightning, subj. י׳.

בָּרָק n.m.:Ez 1:13 lightning (chiefly in poetry) (Ar. بَرْقُ, As. birḳu COT:Gloss, Zim:BP 76, 82 Aram. בְּרַק, ܒܰܪܩܳܐ)—abs. ב׳ Jb 20:25 + 7 t. 2 S 22:15 (cf. infr.); cstr. בְּרַק Dt 32:41 + 2 t.; pl. בְּרָקִים Ex 19:16 + 7 t., בְּרָקָיו Ps 97:4; —lightning,

1. lit. mostly pl. = lightnings, lightning-flashes Ex 19:16, Ps 18:15 (in theoph., on 2 S 22:15 v. infr.) 77:19, 97:4, 135:7, Jb 38:35, Je 10:13, 51:16; so in sim. of swift brightness Na 2:5, sg. only Ps 144:6, 2 S 22:15 (where however rd. בְּרָקִים בָּרַק cf. בָּרַק—so LXXL Klo Che, cf. his crit. n. Ps 18:15), Ez 1:13 (in vision), and in sim. of brightness Dn 10:6; swift destruction Zc 9:14.

2. fig. (always sing.) of flashing arrow-head Jb 20:25, cf. חרב ב׳ Dt 32:41, חנית ב׳ Na 3:3, Hb 3:11; cf. glitter of weapon Ex 21:15, 21:20, 21:33.

בָּרָק n.pr.m. (lightning-flash, cf. Pun. Barcas, surname of Hamilcar, cf. Nepos:Hamilcar 1, 1; Sab. ברקם DHM:ZMG, 1875, 592; Palm. ברק Vog:Palm. 76) son of Abinoam, & leader of Israel Ju 4:6, 4:8, 4:9, 4:10, 4:12, 4:14, 4:14, 4:15, 4:16, 4:22, 5:1, 5:12, 5:15.

בְּרַק cf. בני ברק. p. 122

בָּרֶ֫קֶת n.f. a precious stone, emerald, acc. to LXX Vulgate Josephus; (from flashing, sparkling; Lag:Rel. Jur. Eccl. x. comp. Skr. markata, Gk. μάραγδος, ζμύραγδος) Ex 28:17, 39:10 (both P).

בָּֽרְקַת n.f. id., Ez 28:13, cf. Ges:§ 80 R. 2 Pinsk:Einl. 73.

בַּרְקוֹס n.pr.m. (√ & mng. unknown; Bab. Barḳûsu Dl:Pr 212) head of a family of Nethinim, בני־ב׳ Ezr 2:53 = Ne 7:55.

בַּרְקָנִים n.m.pl. briers (so Vrss Ki al., also Stu q.v., Be, √ unknown; cf. ‖קוֹחִים; > J. D. Michaelis, Thes al. threshing-sledges, furnished with sharp (glittering) stones) Ju 8:7 וְדַשְׁתִּ֫י אֶת־בְּשַׂרְכֶם אֶת־קוֹחֵי הַמִּדְבָּר וְאֶת־הַבּ׳ (vid. also דושׁ) and I will thresh your flesh together with the thorns of the wilderness and the briers; v:16 וַיֹּדַע וַיִּקַּח אֶת־זִקְנֵי הָעִיר וְאֶת־קוֹחֵי הַמִּדְבָּר וְאֶת הַבּ׳ בָּהֶם אֵת אַנְשֵׁי סֻכּוֹת (rd. וַיָּדָשׁ for וַיֹּדַע LXX Bu:RS 114; cf. Stu Be) and he took the thorns of the wilderness and the briers and threshed, etc.

† [בָּרַר] vb. purify, select (cf. As. barâru, be shining, in deriv. Zim:BP 46. 73 Belser:BAS ii. 154; Ar. بِرُّ pious, kind, true; بر he was pious, good, virtuous, honest)—Qal Pf. בָּרוֹתִי Ez 20:38; Inf. sf. לְבָרָם Ec 3:18, Ges:§ 67 R, 3; cf. לָבוּר 9:1 (si vera l.) as metaplastic form, but on text vid. בּוּר supra p. 101; Pt. pass. m. בָּרוּר Jb 33:3 + 4 t.; f. בְּרוּרָה Ne 5:18, Zp 3:9; —

1. purge out, purify: וּבָרוֹתִי מִכֶּם הַמֹּרְדִים and I will purge out from among you the rebels Ez 20:38; שָׂפָה בְּרוּרָה a purified lip Zp 3:9; בָּרוּר מִלֵּלָוּ utter in a pure, sincere manner Jb 33:3.

2. choose, select, only Pt. and in Chronicler: chosen, valiant men 1 Ch 7:40; porters 1 Ch 9:22; musicians 1 Ch 16:41; sheep Ne 5:18.

3. cleanse, make shining, polish, pt. pass. חֵץ בָּרוּר polished arrow Is 49:2 (cf. De & Je 51:11 infr.)

4. test, prove Ec 3:18 לְבָרָם הָאֱלֽהִים that God may prove them (RV);—on 9:1 v. בּוּר. Niph. הִבָּרוּ Is 52:11; Pt. נָבָר 2 S 22:27 (= Ps 18:27);—purify oneself: a. ceremonially, the bearers of the sacred vessels Is 52:11. b. morally 2 S 22:27 = Ps 18:27. Pi. Inf. לְבָרֵר Dn 11:35 purify (‖לִחְרוֹף, לַלְבֵּן). Hiph. 1. Inf. לְהָבַר Je 4:11 purify, cleanse. 2. Imv. הָבֵרוּ הַחִצִּים Je 51:11 polish arrows (vid. 3 above). Hithp. 1. Impf. יִתְבָּרֲרוּ Dn 12:10 purify oneself. 2. תִּתְבָּרַר Ps 18:27 = תִּתָּבָר 2 S 22:27 shew oneself pure, just, kind.

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† II. בַּר adj. pure, clean, Jb 11:4, Ps 24:4; בָּר Pr 14:4; pl. cstr. בָּרֵי Ps 73:1; f. בָּרָה Ps 19:9, Ct 6:9, 6:10; —

1. pure, clear: בר לבב pure in heart Ps 24:4; ברי לבב Ps 73:1; a pure damsel Ct 6:9, 6:10, man Jb 11:4, commands of God Ps 19:9.

2. clean: אֵבוּס בָּר crib is clean Pr 14:4.

3. perh. adv. נַשְּׁקו־בַר kiss purely, of sincere homage Ps 2:12 but cf. I. בַּר, p. 135.

† III. בַּר n.m. grain, corn (cf. Ar. بُرُّ wheat, grain of wheat), Ps 72:16, Am 5:11, 8:5, 8:6; בָּר Gn 41:35, 41:49, 42:3, 42:25, 45:23 (E) Ps 65:14, Pr 11:26, Je 23:28, Jo 2:24.

† I. בֹּר n.m. lye, potash, alkali used in smelting metals Is 1:25 (see בֹּרִית).

† II. בֹּר n.m. cleanness, pureness: בֹּר יָדַי cleanness of my hands 2 S 22:21 (= Ps 18:21) Ps 18:25 (= בֹּרִי my cleanness 2 S 22:25); בֹּר כַּף Jb 9:30, 22:30.

בֹּרִית n.f. lye, alkali, potash, soap, used in washing Je 2:22, Mal 3:2.

בָּר n.m. field (BAram. בָּרָא, Syr. ܒܰܪܳܐ, Ar. بَرُّ open country, land)—יִרְבּוּ בַבָּר they grow up in the open field Jb 39:4 (Aram. usage).

בַּרְבֻּרִים n.m.pl. birds fattened for table of Solomon 1 K 5:3; capons Ki, geese (from their pure white feathers) Targum:Jer Thes, swans Ew, guinea-hens Th, fowls Tristr. AV RV (ברברי = ינשׁוף water-birds Lv 11:17 Targum:Sam).

ברשׁ (√ of foll., meaning unknown).

בְּרוֹשׁ n.m.:Ho 14:9 cypress or fir (As. burâšu COT:Gloss. Aram. בּרוֹתא, ܒܪܽܘܬܳܐ, cf. בְּרוֹת infr., v. also Gr. βράθυ, Lat. bratum, cypress, juniper (PS); in favour of cypress, also LXX SyrVer & so Thes; in favour of fir or pine, Vulgate Rob in RobGes (because cypress not now indigenous on Lebanon); cf. also RS:Proph. iv. n. 20 who lays stress on Ph. n.pr.loc. אי בשם (= איברושים) = Gr. Πιτυοῦσαι i.e. isle of firs;—v. further Schroed:Phön. Spr. 99 Löw:No. 59 & Brathu as name of Hermon Philo Bybl. in Euseb:Praep. Evang. i. 10)—בְּרוֹשׁ Ho 14:9 + 4 t.; בִּרוֹשִׁים 2 S 6:5 + 11: t., בְּרשִׁים Na 2:4, בְּרוֹשָׁיו Is 37:24, בְּרשָׁיו 2 K 19:23; —

1. (lit.) a noble tree, usually ‖ארז (exc. 2 S 6:5, 1 K 6:34, 2 Ch 3:5, Ps 104:17, Is 55:13, Ho 14:9, Na 2:4); as standing and growing Is 14:8, 37:24 = 2 K 19:23, Is 41:19, 55:13 (‖הֲדַס) 60:13 (‖כבוד לבנון = ארז) Ps 104:17.

2. sim. of luxuriance, stateliness Ez 31:8, productiveness Ho 14:9 (Now thinks cypress), fig. for spear-shafts Na 2:4 Hi-St, but LXX SyrVer פרשׁים; fig. for mighty men Zc 11:2.

3. as material (always pl.), for building temple (עחי ב׳) 1 K 5:22, 5:24, 6:34 cf. 9:11, 2 Ch 2:7; עץ ב׳ (sing.) 2 Ch 3:5 (cf. Baer's n.); חלעות ב׳ 1 K 6:15; for ships (no עץ) Ez 27:5; —בְּכֹל עֲחֵי ברושׁים 2 S 6:5 appar. = with all musical instruments made of fir, but ‖ 1 Ch 13:8 בְּכָל־עֹז וּבְשִׁירִים & so here LXX We Dr.

† [בְּרוֹת] n.m. id. (Aramaic (prob. North- Palest.) form of same) only pl. בְּרוֹתִיםאֲרָזִים Ct 1:17; ref. to arbour of trees as their home, cf. אֶרֶז.

בִּרְשַׁע n.pr.m. (√ & meaning unknown) king of Gomorrha Gn 14:2.

בֵּרֹתַי, בֵּרֹתִי, בֵּר֫וֹתָה v. sub בארות, p. 92.

בשׂם (have a sweet odour, cf. Aram. בְּסִים, ܒܣܶܡ be sweet, pleasant, Pa. ܒܰܣܡ to delight, בַּסִּימָא, sweet; Palm. בשימא (משחא) Vog:JAs 1883, Août. Sept. 153 1. 12, 155 1. 16, 18, 20 etc. spiced (oil), cf. Reckendorf:ZMG 1888, 403; As. bašâmu, Pa. make fine, beautiful COT:Gloss).

בֶּ֫שֶׂם, [בָּשָׂם] v. בּשֶֹׁם. below

בּ֫שֶֹׂם n.m.:1 K 10:10 spice, balsam, balsam-tree (Ar. بَش, Aram. בּוּסְמָא, ܒܶܣܡܳܐ, Gk. βάλσαμον; cf. Löw:53)—ב׳ Is 3:24 +, בֶּ֫שֶׂם Ex 30:23 v. infr., בְּשָׂמִי Ct 5:1 (as if fr. בָּשָׂם); pl. בְּשָׂמִים Ex 25:6 + 18 t., בְּשָׂמָיו Ct 4:16; —

1. spice, perfume, sweet odour Is 3:24; קִנְּמָן־בֶּשֶׂם Ex 30:23 (ב׳ perh. so pointed to distinguish it from) קְנֵה־בשֶֹׁם v:23; —with this cf. Aram. ܩܢܝܐ ܕܒܣܡܐܰ , קני בוסמאspices as costly, token of wealth 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:9 cf. 2 Ch 32:27; royal gifts 1 K 10:2, 10:10, 10:25 = 2 Ch 9:1, 9:19, 9:24, cf. sg. 1 K 10:10 = 2 Ch 9:9; as article of commerce Ez 27:22; burnt at burial 2 Ch 16:14; appointed for ingredient of the anointing oil Ex 25:6, 35:8 cf. v:28 (all P), cf. 1 Ch 9:30 (Palm. v. supr.); stored in temple 1 Ch 9:29; used for purifying the women of Ahasuerus Est 2:12; elsewhere only Ct 4:10, 4:14 spices, v:16 balsam-juice, gathered Ct 5:1; balsam-tree הָרֵי ב׳ Ct 8:14; beds of balsam עֲרֻגוֹת בּ׳ Ct 6:2; cf. עֲרֻוּגַת בּ׳ Ct 5:13 sim. of lover's cheeks.

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בָּֽשְׂמִת n.pr.f. (perfume ?)—

1. Hittite woman, a wife of Esau Gn 26:34 (P); called daughter of Ishmael, and sister of Nebaioth Gn 36:3 (but due prob. to R; this daughter of Ishmael is מַחֲלַת in 28:9 P); v. also 36:4, 36:10, 36:13, 36:17 (all P) (Sam. has מחלת throughout Gn 36).

2. daughter of Solomon, wife of Ahimaaz 1 K 4:15.

יִבְשָׂם n.pr.m. a descendant of Issachar 1 Ch 7:2.

מִבְשָׂם n.pr.m. 1. a son of Ishmael Gn 25:13 = 1 Ch 1:29. 2. a descendant of Simeon 1 Ch 4:25.

† [בָּשַׂר] vb. bear tidings (√ rub smooth the face; cf. Ar. بَشَرَ remove the face of surface of a thing, cf. Ar. بَشِرَ be glad, joyful; بَشْرَةُ بِمَوْلُودِن he rejoiced him with the message of the birth of a son; Eth. basara: bring a joyful message, so AS. bussuru (Pa.) Dl:Pr 170, Sab. תבשר DHM:MV, also בשר n.pr.dei,بَشِيرُ DHM:ZMG 1883, 358, CIS:iv. 1, 41, 1. 3)—Pi. Pf. בִּשַּׂר Je 20:15 + 2 t.; Impf. תְּבַשֵּׂר 2 S 18:20 + 4 t.; אֲבַשְּׂרָה 2 S 18:19; Imv. בַּשְּׂרוּ 1 Ch 16:23 = Ps 96:2; inf. לְבַשֵּׂר 1 S 31:9 + 2 t.; Pt. מְבַשֵּׂר Is 41:27 + 6 t.; f. מְבַשֶּׂרֶת Is 40:9, 40:9; pl. מְבַשְּׂרוֹת Ps 68:12; —

1. gladden with good tidings: birth of a son Je 20:15; victory 1 S 31:9, 2 S 1:20, 1 Ch 10:9, Ps 68:12; היה כמבשׂר בעיניו he was in his eyes as a bearer of good tidings 2 S 4:10.

2. bear tidings 2 S 18:19, 18:20, 18:20, 18:26; even of evil 1 S 4:l7, and so with acc. בשׂר טוב 1 K 1:42.

3. herald as glad tidings: the salvation of God, peach (chiefly exilic usage) the advent of י׳ in salvation Na 2:1, Is 40:9, 40:9, 41:27, 52:7, 52:7; the praises of Yahweh 60:6; His righteousness in the great congregation Ps 40:10; His salvation daily Ps 96:2 = 1 Ch 16:23; the Messianic servant preaches good tidings to the meek Is 61:1. Hithp. Impf. יִתְבַּשֵּׂר 2 S 18:31 receive good tidings (so Kirkp. Klo; cf. Ar. بَشِرَ IV. X; otherwise AV).

בָּשָׂר:266 n.m. flesh (cf. Ar. بَشَرُ skin, Syr. ܒܶܣܪܳܐ, As. bisûru, blood-relation, Dl:As. Stud. i. 143, cf. Pr. 170, Sab. בשר תורם flesh of bulls)—Gn 2:21 + 126 t.; cstr. בְּשַׂר Gn 17:11 + 40 t.; sf. בּשָׂרִי etc. Ps 16:9 + 96 t.; pl. בְּשָׂרִים Pr 14:30; —

1. of the body: a. of animals Gn 41:2–19, Ex 21:28, 22:30, Nu 12:12 (E) Nu 11:4–33 (JE) Gn 9:4 + (P 30 t.) Dt 12:15 + (D 9 t.) Ju 6:19-21, 1 S 2:13, 2:15, 1 K 17:6, 19:21, Jb 31:31, 41:15, Ps 50:13, Pr 23:20, Is 22:13, 44:16, 44:19, 65:4, 66:17, Je 7:21, 11:15, Ez 4:14 + 6 t. Dn 10:3, Ho 8:13, Mi 3:3, Hg 2:12, Zc 11:9, 11:16. b. of men Gn 40:19 (E) 2:21, Ex 4:7 (J) Lv 12:3, 13:2 + 16 t. 26:29 (P) Dt 28:53, 28:55, 32:42, Ju 8:7, 1 S 17:44, 1 K 4:34, 5:10, 5:14, 6:30, 9:36, Jb 2:5, 4:15, 6:12, 7:5, 10:11, 13:14, 19:20, 19:22, 21:6, 33:21, 33:25, Ps 27:2, 38:4, 38:8, 79:2, 102:6, 109:24, Pr 4:22, 5:11, Is 9:19, 17:4, 49:26, Je 19:9, La 3:4, Ez 32:5, 37:6, 37:8, 39:17, 39:18, Dn 1:15, Zc 14:12. The flesh of the body is contrasted with stone Ez 11:19, 36:26.

2. flesh for the body itself (esp. in P): על בשׂר אדם לא ייסך upon the body of man it shall not be poured Ex 30:32 (P); מכנסי בד ילבשׁ על בשׂרו linen drawers shall he put on his body Lv 6:3, 16:4 (P); וישׂם שׂק על בשׂרו 1 K 2:27; ורחץ את בשׂרו and he shall bath his body Lv 14:9, 15:13, 15:16, 16:24, 16:26, 16:28, 17:16, 22:6, Nu 19:7, 19:8 (P); שׂרט לנפשׁ לא תתנו בכשׂרכם ye shall not put any cutting for any one in your body Lv 19:28 cf. Lv 21:5 (P); והעבירו תער על כל בשׂרם and they shall pass a razor over all their body Nu 8:7 (P). Ec. uses בשׂר only in this sense 2:3, 4:5, 5:5, 11:10, 12:12; elsewhere this usage only in poetry; the body antith. to נפשׁ Jb 14:22, Is 10:18, Ps 63:2; לב Ps 16:9, 84:3, Pr 14:30 (only here emphatic pl. = enṭire body Bö:§ 695, Leiblichkeit De) ; מִבְּשָׂרִי apart from my body, in disembodied state Jb 19:26; סמר מפחדך בשׂרי my body trembleth for fear of thee Ps 119:120.

3. make organ of generation (euphemism): בְּשַׂר עָרְלַתְכֶם Gn 17:11, 17:14, 17:23, 17:24, 17:25 (P); בשׂר ערוה Ex 28:42 (P), but בשׂר Gn 17:14, Lv 15:2–19 (P) Ez 16:26, 23:20, 44:7, 44:9.

4. flesh for kindred, blood-relations: עחם מעחמי ובשׂר מבשׂרי bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh Gn 2:23 (J); והיו לבשׂר אחד and they shall become one flesh Gn 2:24 (J); עחמי ובשׂרי Gn 29:14 (J) Ju 9:2, 2 S 5:1, 19:13, 19:14, 1 Ch 11:1; בשׂר with sf. in same sense Gn 37:27 (J) Ne 5:5, Is 58:7, for which שְׁאֵר בשׂרו near of kin, man or woman Lv 18:6, 25:49 (both H; 25:49מִשְׁפָּחָה, cf. RS k:149).

5. man over against God as frail or erring Gn 6:3 (J) Ps 56:5, 78:39; eyes of flesh Jb 10:4; arm of flesh 2 Ch 32:8, Je 17:5; horses are flesh not spirit Is 31:3

6. the phrase כָּל־בָּשָׂר: a. all living beings Gn 6:17, 6:19, 7:21, 9:11, 9:15, 9:16, 9:17, Lv 17:14, Nu 18:15 (P) Jb 34:15, Ps 136:25. b. animals Gn 7:15, 7:16, 8:17 (P). c. mankind Gn 6:12, 6:18, Nu 16:22, 27:16 (P) Dt 5:28, Ps 65:3, 145:21, Is 40:5, 40:6, 49:26, 66:16, 66:23, 66:24, Je 12:12, 25:31, 32:27, 45:5, Ez 21:4, 21:9, 21:10, Jo 3:1, Zc 2:17; cf. כל בשׂר אישׁ Jb 12:10.

בְּשׂרָה n.f. tidings (cf. Ar. بِشَارَةُ v. Ba:NB 61; Sab. בשרן DHM:ZMG 1876, 672), 2 S 4:10 + 3 t.; בְּשׂוֹרָה 2 S 18:25, 18:27

1. good tidings 1 K 7:9.

2. tidings, news 2 S 18:20, 18:25; with טובה 2 S 18:27.

3. reward for good tidings 2 S 4:10, 18:22.

143

בְּשׂוֹר n.pr. of brook in Philistine territory; alw. נַחַל הַבְּשׂוֹר 1 S 30:9, 30:10, 30:21; LXX Βοσορ (v:21 Βεανα, but LXXL Βοσορ); mod. Wady Ṛazze (Gaza) acc. to Guêrin:Judêe ii. 213;—it empties into sea SW of Gaza. (Connexion with above √ dub.)

בָּשַׁל vb. boil, seethe (intr.), grow ripe (Aram. בְּשַׁל, ܒܫܶܠ ripen, Nas. ܒܫܰܠ boil, NSyr. ܒܳܫܶܠ be boiled, cooked, cf. As. bašâlu (bašlu, cooked) Zim:BP 76)—Qal Pf. בָּשַׁל Jo 4:13, בָּֽשְׁלוּ Ez 24:5; —boil, cook (intr.) Ez 24:5; grow ripe (of קחיר) Jo 4:13; —Pi. Pf. 3 ms. sf. בִּשְּׁלָם 1 K 19:21; וּבִשַּׁלְתָּ֫ Ex 29:31, Dt 16:7, בִּשְּׁלוּ La 4:10 + 2 t., וּבִשְּׁלוּ consec. Zc 14:21; Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּבַשֵּׁל 2 S 13:8; 2 ms. תְּבַשֵּׁל Ex 23:19 + 2 t., יְבַשְּׁלוּ Ez 46:20, 46:24, וַיְבַשְּׁלוּ 2 Ch 35:13, תְּבַשְּׁלוּ Ex 16:23, וַנְּבַשֵּׁל 2 K 6:29; Imv. בַּשֵּׁל 2 K 4:38, בַּשְּׁלוּ Lv 8:31, בַּשֵָּׁלוּ Ex 16:23; Inf. בַּשֵּׁל 1 S 2:13; Pt. מְבַשְּׁלִים Ez 46:24; —

1. boil (tr.) obj. om. Nu 11:8, בָּשָׂר 1 S 2:13; גְּדִי Ex 23:19, 34:26, Dt 14:21; נזיד 2 K 4:38; of offerings, obj. הקדשׁים 2 Ch 35:13; obj. אשׁם Ez 46:20, זבח Ez 46:24 (no obj.) v:24, cf. Zc 14:21 (no obj.); Ex 16:23, 16:23 opp. אפה bake.

2. cook

(general), obj. בשׂר 1 K 19:21, Ex 29:31, Lv 8:31 (both P); obj. בֵּן 2 K 6:29 cf. יֶלֶד La 4:10; hence also of הפסח Dt 16:7 (cf. Di; ‖ Ex 12:8, 12:9 has חְלִי אֵשׁ opp. מְבֻשָּׁל בַּמַּיִם) 2 Ch 35:13 (בָּאֵשׁ), cakes (הלבבות) 2 S 13:8. Pu. Pf. 3 fs. בֻּשָָּׁלָה Lv 6:21; Impf. 3 fs. תְּכֻשַּׁל־ Lv 6:21; Pt. מְבֻשָּׁל Ex 12:9, 1 S 2:15; —be boiled, sodden, במים Ex 12:9 cf. Lv 6:21, 6:21 (all P) 1 S 2:15. Hiph. Pf. הִבְשִׁילוּ ripened, brought to ripeness Gn 40:10 (a vine, its grape-clusters).

בָּשֵׁל adj. cooked, boiled (As. basûlu, ripe COT:Gloss)—Ex 12:9 בָּשֵׁל מְבֻשָּׁל במים; f. בְּשֵׁלָה Nu 6:19, (both P).

מְבַשְּׁלוֹת n.f.pl. cooking-places Ez 46:23 (cf. בֵּית הִמְַבַשְּׁלִים v:24).

בִּשְׁלָם n.pr.m. (= בֶּן־שְׁלָם son of peace? cf. sub בן) a Persian officer in Canaan Ezr 4:7.

בשׁן (√ of foll. = smooth, soft? cf. Ar. بِشْنَةُ, soft and smooth ground).

בָּשָׁן:60 n.pr.terr.m.:Dt 3:3 (smooth (& fertile) land) Bashan, first mentioned as kingdom of Og, E. of Jordan, stretching from stream Jabboḳ (thus including northern Gilead) northward to Hermon, between Gennesaret (W) and mts of Hauran (E); cf. Di Nu 21:33 Wetzst:Hauran 82; later a type of fertility;—usually c. art. הַבּ׳ Nu 21:33, 21:33, 32:33, Dt 1:4 + 30 t. Dt Jos; 1 K 4:13, 4; 19, 2 K 10:33, 1 Ch 5:11, 5:12, 5:16, 5:23, 6:47, 6:56, Ne 9:22, Ps 68:23, 135:11, 136:20, Je 22:20, 50:19 (‖הַכַּרְמֶל), Mi 7:14 (‖ id.), Na 1:4 (‖ id.; personif., subj. of אֻמְלַל), Is 33:9 (‖ id.; personif. subj. of נֹעֵר); הַר־בָּשָׁן (i.e. range of Hauran) Ps 68:16, 68:16 (called הַר־אלהים,—from a sanctuary there?—& הַר־גַּבְנֻנִּים many-peaked mt.); of stately trees אַלּוֹנֵי הַבּ׳ Is 2:13 (still seen on western slope of mts. of Hauran, Wetzst:Hauran 88); אַלּוֹנֵי ב׳ Zc 11:2 (fig. of prominent men); אַלּוֹנִים מִבּ׳ Ez 27:6; of bulls אַבִּידֵי ב׳ Ps 22:13 (‖פָּרִים fig.); so בְּנֵי־ב׳ Dt 32:l4 (+ כָּ רִים וְאֵילִים also עַתּוּדִים, cf. בָּקָר & חאֹן v:a; vid. בֵּן

1. j. (ν)); appar. more general is מְרִיאֵי ב׳ Ez 39:18 (ref. to כֻּלָּם…אֵילִים כָּ רִים וְעַתּוּדִים פָּרִים ); once of kine (fem., fig. of luxurious and haughty women of Samaria) Am 4:1 פָּאוֹת הַבּ׳.

נִבְשָׁן n.pr.loc. in south. Judah הַנּ׳ Jos 15:62.

בָּשְׁנָה v. sub בושׁ. p. 102

† [בשׁס] vb. Po. Inf. sf. בּוֹשַׁסְכֶם Am 5:11 prob. your trampling (by dissim. fr. בּוּס) sq. עַל.

בּשֶׁת v. sub בושׁ. p. 102

I. בַּת daughter v. sub בן. p. 123

II. בַּת bath (a measure), בָּתָה v. sub בתת. p. 144

† I. בְּתוּאֵל n.pr.m. (? = מְתוּאֵל man of God) Gn 22:22, 22:23, 24:15, 24:24, 24:47, 24:50 (J) son of Nahor, neph. of Abr., living in Aram-Naharaim, in city of Nahor; 25:20, 28:2, 28:5 (P) Aramaean of Paddan-Aram.

† II. בְּתוּאֵל n.pr.loc. in Simeon 1 Ch 4:30 = בְּתוּל Jos 19:4; כְּ סִיל 15:30; בֵּיתְאֵל 1 S 30:27 (v. p. III supr.); yet cf. Lag:BN 64; site unknown.

בְּתוּל v. II. בְּתוּאֵל. above

בִּתְיָה v. בַּת sub בן, p. 124.

בָּֽתִּים v. בית. p. 108

בתל (cf. Ar. بَتَلَ sever, separate).

בְּתוּלָה:50 n.f. virgin (cf. Ar. بَتُولُ,بَتِيلُ As. batultu (also batûlu of young man) 5 R 42:56 v. Jer:ZA 1886, 399; NH בְּתוּלָא, ܒܬܽܘܠܳܐ)—Gn 24:16 + 19 t.; cstr. בְּתוּלַת Dt 22:19 + 12 t.; pl. בְּתוּלוֹת Est 2:2 + 7 t.; בְּתֻלוֹת Zc 9:17; בְּתוּלֽת Ex 22:16 + 2 t.; בְּתֻלֽת La 5:11; sf. בְּתוּלֽתָיו Ps 78:63 + 3 t.;—one living apart in her father's house as a virgin Gn 24:16 (J) Ex 22:15 (E) Lv 21:3, 21:14 (P) Dt 22:19, Ju 19:24, 2 S 13:2, Jb 31:1 Is 62:5, Je 2:32, 31:13, Jo 1:8; נערה בתולה a virgin damsel Dt 22:23, 22:28, Ju 21:12, 1 K 1:2, Est 2:3; בחור ובתולה Dt 32:25, 2 Ch 36:17, Je 51:22, Ez 9:6; personification of nations בתולת ישׂראל Je 8:13, 31:4, 31:21, Am 5:2; בת חיון ב׳ 2 K 19:21 (= Is 37:22; on double st. cstr. v. Ges:§ 130. 5 Phi:St. Cstr. 63) La 2:13; בת עמי ב׳ Je 14:17; בת יהודה ב׳ La 1:15; בת חידון ב׳ Is 23:12; בת בבל ב׳ Is 47:1; ב׳ בת מחרים Je 46:11; pl. virgins Ex 22:16, 2 S 13:18, Est 2:2, 2:17, 2:19, Ps 45:15, 78:63, La 1:4, 2:10, 5:11, Ez 44:22, Am 8:13; בחורים ובתולות Ps 148:12, Is 23:4, Zc 9:17, La 1:18, 2:21.

144

בְּתוּלִים n.f. virginity, pl. abs. intens. Dt 22:14, 22:17, 22:20; cstr. בְּתוּלֵי Dt 22:15, 22:17, all concrete, tokens of virginity; abstr., sf. בְּתוּלַי Ju 11:37; בְּתוּלֶיהָ Lv 21:13, Ju 11:38, Ez 23:8; בְּתוּלֵיהֶן Ez 23:3.

† [בָּתַק] vb. cut, cut off, cut down (As. batâḳu, COT:Gloss. Zim:BP 104 n.; cf. also Ar. بَتَكَ secuit, amputavit)—only Pi. Pf. consec. וּבִתְּקוּח בחרבותם Ez 16:40 and they shall cut thee to pieces with their swords.

† [בָּתַר] vb. cut in two (Ar. بَتَرَ cut off prematurely; extirpate by cutting)—Qal Pf. בָּתָָר Gn 15:10; Pi. Impf. וַיְבַתֵּר Gn 15:10 id.

† [בֶּ֫תֶר] n.m.:Gn 15:10 part, piece.

1. בִּתְרוֹ Gn 15:10; pl. sf. בְּתָרָיו Je 34:18, בִּתְרֵי הָעֵגֶל Je 34:19; always of halves of animals cut in two in making covenants.

2. הָרֵי בָָּתֶר Ct 2:17 mountains of cutting, i.e. cleft mountains LXX Thes al.; or of separation (between us) Ew al.; acc. to We:Prol. 415, Eng. Tr. 391 ב׳ = malobathron.—Bether as n.pr. AV RV.

בִּתְרוֹן prob. n.pr.terr. (cleft, ravine) E. of Jordan; כָּל־הַבּ׳ 2 S 2:29.

בתת (? cut off, sever, cf. Ar. ܐܶܬܓܰܐܺܝ, secuit, resecuit, abrupit).

† II. בַּת n.m.:Ez 45:14 (f.:Is 5:10) bath (Thes al. fr. above √ in sense of define, measure; cf. τέμνω; Lag:Or. ii. 10 f. makes = בדת, = בד + fem. ת; cf. Syr. بَتَّ, instrument for pressing olives; cf. Epiphan. βάδος = ἐλαιοτριβεῖον; & βάδος also Hesych. Jos:Ant. viii. 2. 9 but ed. Niese βάτους, βάτοςבּ׳ abs. Is 5:10 + 6 t.; (בָָּת Ez 45:11) cstr. Ez 45:10; pl. בַּתִּים 2 Ch 2:9, 2:9 + 3 t.;—a liquid measure = אֵיפָה of dry measure, each being 1/10 חֹמֶר (q.v.) Ez 45:11, 45:11, 45:14, 45:14; also Is 5:10, 1 K 7:26, 7:38, 2 Ch 2:9, 2:9, 4:5 + Ez 45:14, 45:14 (4 t. in this v., Co del. a & d). Ez 45:10 בַּת־חֶדֶק a righteous (right, accurate, full) bath (‖אֵיפַת־חֶדֶק). The actual size of bath (= ephah) is appar. c. 40 litres (= Attic metretes cf. Jos:Ant. viii. 2. 9; = 39.39 lit. cf. Boeckh:Metrol. Untersuch. 259 f.; v. also J. Brandis:Münz- Mass- u. Gewichtswesen 29 f. Smith:Dict. Bible, art. Weights & Measures Ri:HWB 934 f.).—1. בַּת v. sub בֵּן.

† [בַּתָּה] n.f. precipice, steep (as cut off, abrupt)—בְּנַחֲלֵי הַבַּתּוֹת Is 7:9 in the ravines of the precipices.

בָּתָה n.f. end, destruction (for בַּתָּה, perh. on account of difference of meaning, perh. fr. analogy of כָּלָה with like sense; cf. Di)—וַאֲשִׁיתֵהוּ בָּתָה Is 5:6 and I will make it (the vineyard) a destruction, a waste, or (Che) make an end of it.