ג, גּ, Gîmel, third letter; in postB Heb. = numeral 3 (and so margin of printed MT); Gîmel (with diaresis) = 3000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.
גֵּא v. sub. גאה. below
† גָּאָה vb. rise up (Aram. Pe. (Targum 1 S 2:5) & oft. Ethp. אֶתְגָּאֵי, ܒܕ be boastful, proud, ef. also NH)—Qal Pf. ג׳ Ex 15:1, 15:21, גָּאוּ Ez 47:5; Impf. יִגְאֶה Jb 8:11, 10:16; Inf. abs. גָּאֹה Ex 15:1, 15:21; —
1. rise up, of waters Ez 47:5.
2. grow up, of plants Jb 8:11.
3. be lifted up, exalted, of head Jb 10:16, of י׳ in triumph Ex 15:1, 15:21.
† גֵּא adj. proud, scribal error for גֵּאֶה Is 16:6 (as in Je 48:29).
† גֵּאֶה adj. proud, Jb 40:11, 40:12, Is 2:12, Je 48:29; pl. גֵּאִים Ps 94:2, 140:6, Pr 15:25, 16:19; cstr. גְּאֵי Ps 123:4 Qr גאי יונים (> Kt גאייונים), yet cf. De al.
† גֵּאָה n.f. pride, Pr 8:13.
† גַּאֲוָה n.f. majesty, pride (cf. Syr. ܓܰܐܝܽܘܬܳܐ)—Jb 41:7 + 6 t.; cstr. גַּאֲוַת Pr 29:23 + 2 t.; sf. גַּאֲוָתִי Is 13:3 + 8 t.;—
1. rising up, swelling of the sea Ps 46:4.
2. majesty, of Israel Dt 33:29, Moab Is 16:6 = Je 48:29, scales of crocodile Jb 41:7, of God Dt 33:26, Ps 68:35.
3. pride, haughtiness Ps 10:2, 31:19, 31:24, 36:12, 73:6, Pr 14:3, 29:23, Is 9:8, 13:11, 25:11; עליזי גאותי my proudly exulting ones Is 13:3 cf. Zp 3:11.
† גָּאוֹן n.m.:Ho 5:5 exaltation—Jb 40:10 + 5 t.; cstr. גְּאוֹן Lv 26:19 + 31 t.; sf. גְּאוֹנְךָ etc. Ex 15:7 + 9 t.; pl. sf. גְּאוֹנָ֑יִח Ez 16:56; —
1. exaltation, majesty, excellence, a. of nations, their wealth, power, magnificence of buildings, e.g. Egypt Ez 32:12, Chaldeans Is 13:11, 13:19, 14:11, Philistines Zc 9:6, Assyria Zc 10:11, Jacob Ps 47:5, Am 6:8, 8:7, Na 2:3, Israel Ho 5:5, 7:10 (prob. appellation of י׳), Na 2:3, Judah Je 13:9, Jerusalem v:9 Ez 16:56; גְּאוֹן עֻזָּהּ pride of her strength Ez 30:6, 30:18, 33:28; גאון עזים Ez 7:24 (but LXX Ew Hi Co rd. עזם); גאון עזכם Lv 26:19, Ez 24:21; the fruit of land of Judah will become לגאון ולתפארת majestic and beautiful Is 4:2; גאון כל חבי the majesty of all the splendour (of Tyre) Is 23:9; Zion is to become גאון עולם an everlasting excellency Is 60:15. b. of God Ex 15:7, Is 24:14, Mi 5:3; הֲדַר גְּאֹנוֹ Is 2:10, 2:19, 2:21; יַרְעֵם בְּקוֹל גְּאוֹנוֹ Jb 37:4; עֲדֵה נָא גָּאוֹן וָגֹבַהּ Jb 40:10. c. גאון הירדן majesty of Jordan, referring to the green and shady banks, clothed with willows, tamarisks, and cane, in which the lions made their covert Je 49:19, 50:44, Zc 11:3, and therefore dangerous Je 12:5 (Ew thinks of the swelling of its agitated waters); גְּאוֹן גַּלֶּיךָ majesty of thy waves Jb 38:11.
2. pride (bad sense) Jb 35:12, Ps 59:13, Pr 8:13, 16:18, Ez 7:20, 16:49, Zp 2:10; of Moab Is 16:6, 16:6 = Je 48:29, 48:29.
† גֵּאוּת n.f. majesty, Ps 93:1 + 7 t.;—
1. lifting up גֵּאוּת עָשָׁן column of smoke Is 9:17; גֵּאוּת הַיָּם swelling of the sea Ps 89:10.
2. majesty of God Ps 93:1, Is 26:10; גֵּאוּת עָשָׂה he hath done majestically Is 12:5; עֲטֶרֶת גֵּאוּת crown of majesty Is 28:1, 28:3 (Samaria, on a round hill majestically commanding the country).
3. pride דִּבְּרוּ בְגֵאוּת they speak proudly Ps 17:10; so for נְאוֹת 74:20 Bi Che.
† גְּאוּאֵל n.pr.m. (majesty of EĒl) the spy of the tribe of Gad Nu 13:15.
† [גַּאֲיוֹן] adj. proud, גאייונים Ps 123:4 (Kt cf. Baer's note, yet rd. prob. גַּאֲיוֹנִים; but Qr better, גְּאֵי יוֹנִים proudest oppressors, v. גֵּאֶה).
גאייונים v. foregoing, and also גֵּאֶה.
גֵּוָה n.f. pride (contr. for גַּאֲוָה Ew:§ 62 b, 73 b cf. Aram. Dn 4:34 & Targum)—
2. lifting up Jb 22:29 an exclamation, up! Ew Di De al.; but pride Hi Dr:§ 154 n. (ed. 3).
גֵּאָיוֹת v. גַּיְא.
† I. גָּאַל vb. redeem, act as kinsman (NH, Niph. be redeemed; also גּוֹאֵל, גְּאוּלָּה)—Qal Pf. ג׳, etc. Is 44:23 + 14 t.; Impf. יִגְאַל, etc. Lv 25:33 + 18 t.; Imv. גְּאַל, etc. Ru 4:6 + 3 t.; Inf. abs. גָּאֹל Lv 27:13 + 2 t.; cstr. לִגְאוֹל Ru 4:4 + 2 t.; sf. לְגָאֳלֵח Ru 3:13; Pt. גֹּאֵל Lv 25:26 + 24 t., גּוֹאֵל Is 59:20, Ps 103:4; sf. גֹּאַלְךָ Is 48:17, גֹּאֲלֵח Is 54:8 (sf. 19 t.); pass. pl. גְּאוּלִים, etc. Is 35:9 + 4 t.;—
1. act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin (chiefly in D H P Ru), גֹּאֵל kinsman Lv 25:25 (H) Nu 5:8, 35:12 (P) Ru 2:20, 3:9, 3:12, 4:1, 4:3, 4:6, 4:8, 4:14, 1 K 16:11. a. in taking a kinsman's widow אם יגאלך טוב יגאל ואם לא יחפץ לגאלך וגאלתיך if he will do thee the kinsman's part (raise up children by the widow) well, let him do the kinsman's part; but if he is not pleased to do thee the kinsman's part then I will do thee the kinsman's part Ru 3:13; b. in redeeming from bondage Lv 25:48, 25:49 (H); c. in redeeming a field Lv 25:26, 25:33 (H) Ru 4:4, 4:6; d. claim as kinsman Jb 3:5; e. גֹּאֵל הַדָּם the avenger of blood Nu 35:19, 35:21, 35:24, 35:25, 35:27, 35:27, Jos 20:3, 20:5 (?; not in LXX) v:9 (P). Dt 19:6, 19:12 (D) 2 S 14:11.
2. redeem, by payment of value assessed, of consecrated things, by the original owner Lv 27:13, 27:15, 27:19, 27:20, 27:31 (P).
3. redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship, chiefly in poetry:—a. individuals, from death Ps 103:4, La 3:58, Ho 13:14, מכל רע Gn 48:16 (E poetry), נפשׁ Ps 69:19, 72:14, orphans Pr 23:11, Je 50:34, ריבה ריבי וגאלני Ps 119:154, גֹּאֲלִי Jb 19:25, חוּרִי וְגֹאֲלִי Ps 19:15. b. Israel, from Egyptian bondage Ex 6:6 (P?) 15:13 (song) Ps 74:2, 77:16, 78:35, מיד אויב Ps 106:10. c. from exile (chiefly Is:3, the vb. not in Is:1) Is 43:1, 44:22, 44:23, 48:20, 52:9, 63:9, Mi 4:10, מיד Ps 107:2, Je 31:11; Yahweh is גֹּאֵל Is 41:14, 43:14, 44:6, 44:24, 47:4, 48:17, 49:7, 49:26, 54:5, 54:8, 59:20, 60:16, 63:16; and the people גְּאוּלִים Is 35:9, 51:10, 62:12, 63:4 (cf. גְּאוּלַי infr.), Ps 107:2. Niph. Pf. נִגְאָָל Lv 25:49; Impf. יִגָּאֵל Lv 25:30 + 5 t.; תִּגָּאֵָלוּ Is 52:3; —1. refl. redeem oneself Lv 25:49 (H). 2. pass. be redeemed, a. field Lv 25:30 (H), slave Lv 25:54 (H); b. consecrated things Lv 27:20, 27:27, 27:28, 27:33 (P); c. Jerusalem by Yahweh Is 52:3.
† גְּאוּלַי Is 63:4, in שְׁנַת ג׳, n.abstr. redemption, acc. to LXX SyrVer Vulgate Ges Hi De MV Che Di RVm; then either pl. abstr. sf. year of (my) redemption (so most); or abstr. form. in י—, after Syr. analogy, Lag:Symm. ii. 101 f. Sem. i. 19, 68. BN 192 (LXX om. my); but < Pt. pass. pl. sf. my ransomed (released) ones Ew Br Brd AV RV cf. sub גאל supra.
† גְּאֻלָּה:14 n.f. kin (?), redemption—Lv 25:24 + 5 t.; cstr. גְּאֻלַּת Lv 25:32; sf. גְּאֻלָּתִי Ru 4:6, גְּאֻלָּתֶָךָ Ez 11:15, גְּאֻלָּתוֹ Lv 25:26 + 4 t.;—
1. kin, אַנְשֵׁי גְּאֻלָּתֶָךָ men of thy kindred Ez 11:15, RV Thes Hi al.; but LXX SyrVer Ew Co גלותך א׳ thy fellow-exiles.
2. redemption, of field Lv 25:24 (H) Ru 4:7.
3. right of redemption Lv 25:29, 25:31, 25:32, 25:48 (H) Ru 4:6, Je 32:8 = משׁפט הגאלה Je 32:7.
4. price of redemption Lv 25:26, 25:51, 25:52 (H).
† יִגְאָל n.pr.m. (He redeems)—
1. one of the spies Nu 13:7.
2. one of David's heroes 2 S 23:36.
3. descendant of Zerubbabel 1 Ch 3:22.
† II. [גָּאַל] vb. defile, late (cf. גָּעַל)—Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. נְגֹאֲלוּ Is 59:3, La 4:14, on form v. Ges:§ 51, 2, Kö:i. 265; Pt. נִגְאָלָה Zp 3:1; —be defiled, hands with blood בַּדָּם, Is 59:3 cf. La 4:14; pt. as subst. defiled, polluted one Zp 3:1 of Jerusalem (‖מֹֽרְאָה; appos. הָעִיר הַיּוֹנָה). Pi. Pf. 1 pl. sf. גֵּאַלְנוּךָ Mal 1:7 pollute, desecrate, obj. י׳ (desecrated in his altar). Pu. Impf. וַיְגֹאֲלוּ מִן־הַכְּהֻנָּה Ezr 2:62 = Ne 7:64 cstr. pregn. and they were desecrated out of the priesthood, i.e. deposed, as desecrated one; Pt. מְגֹאָל of bread laid on Yahweh's altar Mal 1:7; of Yahweh's altar (table, שֻׁלְחָן) v:12. Hiph. Pf. 1 s. אֶגְאָָלְתִּי Is 63:3 (on Aram. form v. Kö:i. 27 Ges:§ 53 R. 6 but) rd. perh. גֵּאָָלְתִּי Pi., v. GFM:ThLZ 1887, 292 cf. also Ges:l.c. N. Ol:§ 255 b Sta:§ 159 b, 3; —I have polluted, i.e. stained all my raiment. Hithp. Impf. יִתְגָּאַל Dn 1:8; יִתְגָּאָָל v:8; —defile himself.
† [גֹּ֫אֶל] n.[m.] defiling, defilement, גָּֽאֳלֵי הַכְּהֻנָּה Ne 13:29.
גַּב back, etc., v. sub גבב below
[גָּב], גָּבִים v. גוב p. 155.
I. [גֵּב] locust, v. sub גבה. below
II. [גֵּב] pit, III. [גֵּב] beam, v. sub גוב. p. 155
גֹּב, גּוֹב n.pr.loc. v. sub גבב. below
גבא (cf. Ar. جَبَأَ, جَبِئَ restrain or withhold oneself; perh. جبَا collect (water in a cistern, also tribute), so Lane جَبَي 1. ad fin., Fl NHWB:i. 431; v. also NH גבי, גָּבָה, Aram. גְּבָא, ܓܒܳܐ collect debts, taxes, etc.)
† גֶּ֫בֶא n.m.:Ez 47:11 cistern, pool (cf. Ar. جَابِيَةُ watering-trough)—
1. cistern מַיִם מִגֶּ֑בֶא Is 30:14.
2. pool, marsh גְּבָיָאו Ez 47:11 (‖כִּצּאֹתָ֯ו).
גבב (prob. be curved, convex, elevated, Aram. גִּבְּבָא hill; be or make hollow, dig, Ar. جَبُّ cut off or out, جُبُّ, Aram. גֹּב, Eth. gb: As. gubbu,—all = cistern; cf. e.g. As. gubbâni ša mê, cisterns of water, Asrb:Annals Col. viii. 102, KB:ii. 220; v. n.pr. גֹּב infr.)
† גַּב n.m.:? cf. Ez 43:13 (f.:Ez 1:18) anything convex, curved, gibbous, e.g. back, chiefly late;—abs. גָּ֑ב Ez 16:24; cstr. גַּב Ez 43:13 (rd. גֹּבַהּ LXX Ew Sm Co); sf. גַּבִּי Ps 129:3, גַּבֵךְ Ez 16:31, 16:39; pl. cstr. גַּבֹּת Lv 14:9, גַּבֵּי Jb 13:12, 15:26; sf. גַּבֵּיהֶם 1 K 7:33, גַּבֵּהֶם Ez 10:12, גַּבֵּיהֶן Ez 1:18, גַֹּבֹּתָם Ez 1:18; —
1. back, of man (fig. of Isr.) Ps 129:3; appar. of cherubim Ez 10:12, but Hi Sm emend v. so that גּ׳ ref. to wheels, rim v. 6 infr.
2. mound, for illicit worship Ez 16:24, 16:31, 16:39 (all ‖רמה); LXX Vulgate lupanar, brothel, after analogy of fornix, but this without sufficient proof, & needless.
3. boss, or convex projection, of shield Jb 15:26 (fig.) he runneth against him... with the stout bosses of his shields (i.e. wicked against י׳); so ظهر in Ar. in similar phrase; cf. also Ar. جَوْبُ, shield; also French bouclier fr. boucle.
4. bulwarks, breastworks, fig. for arguments לְגַבֵּי־חֹמֶר גַּבֵּיכֶם Jb 13:12 breastworks of clay are your breastworks.
5. brow, only גַּבֹּת עֵינָיו Lv 14:9 his eyebrows.
6. rim of wheel, felloe 1 K 7:33, Ez 1:18, 1:18; so perh. 10:12 v. 1 supr.—Ez 43:13; elevation, i.e. basement of altar, Da after MT., but v. גֹּבַהּ, cf. supr.
† גֹּב 2 S 21:18, גּוֹב v:19 n.pr.loc. (cf. Aram. גֻּבָּא den, and ܓܽܘܒܳܐ, Ar. جُبُّ, Eth. gb: As. gubbu, well, cistern, v. גבב)—field of battle with Philistines 2 S 21:18 = גֶּזֶר in ‖ 1 Ch 20:4 (so here Th Ew; cf. Jos 10:33), but = גַּת LXX SyrVer 2 S 21:18 (LXXL Γαζεθ); 2 S 21:19 (om. ‖ 1 Ch 20:5), LXX Ρομ, Ροβ; Klo Gath; in v:16 We Dr (q. v.) rd. בְּגֹב for בְּנֹב; site of Gob (si vera l.) unknown.
† גַּבַּי סַלָָּי appar. n.pr.m. (cf. Aram. ܓܰܒܳܢܳܐ, Talm. גַּבָּי, tax-gatherer) a Benjamite Ne 11:8; but text dub. cf. 1 Ch 9:8 & Sm:Listen 7.
† גִּבְּתוֹן n.pr.loc. (mound, height, cf. Targum גִּבְבָא ridge) Philistine city 1 K 15:27, 15:27, 16:15, 16:17; assigned to Dan Jos 19:44, and to Levites 21:23: site unknown; cf. Lag:Onom. 246, 2nd ed. 255.
גבה (collect, Ar. جَبَا (=جَبَأَ?, cf. גבא supr.), NH גְּבי, גָּבָה, Aram. גְּבָא, ܓܒܳܐ; ‖ form גבא q.v.)
† I. [גֵּב] n.[m.] locust (name from swarm, collection, Eth. gub40e: cf. also Eth. 0anbt’4: locust √ = Ar. نَبَطَ scaturivit, manavit), only pl. גֵּבִים Is 33:4 (in sim. of leaping).—גֵּב II, III, v. sub גוב.
† גּוֹב n.[m.] locusts, Na 3:17; cf. גֹּבַי. below
† גֹּבַי, גּוֹבָָי n.m.:Am. 7:1, cf. v. 2 coll. locusts (swarm, multitude; Aram. גּוּבָא, pl. גוּבָאֵי; on format. v. Ol:§ 216 d), גֹּבַי symbol of Yahweh's judgment on Isr. Am 7:1; in sim. of disappearance of Assyrian leaders at destruction of Nineveh גּוֹב גּוֹבָָי Na 3:17 (locust-) swarm of locusts (‖אַרְבֶּה); but del. גּוֹב as dittogr. We al.
† גָּבַהּ vb. be high, exalted (NH id. (Hiph.), Aram. גְּבַהּ, cf. Ar. جَبْهَةُ forehead, جَبَةُ prominence of forehead; compare perhaps also As. gabâni, heights (?) Lotz:TP 133)—Qal Pf. ג׳ 2 Ch 26:16 + 5 t.; גָּֽבְהָא֯ Ez 31:5 (א = ה); גָּבַהְתָּ Ez 31:10, גָּבְֽהוּ Jb 35:5 + 3 t.; Impf. יִגְבַּהּ Pr 18:12 + 5 t.; sf. יִגְבְּהוּ Ez 31:14, יִגְבָָּהוּ Jb 36:7, תִּגְבָָּהוּ Je 13:15, תִּגְבְּהֶינָה Ez 16:50; Inf. כִּגְבֹהַּ Ps 103:11, לְגָבְהָה Zp 3:11; —
1. be high, lofty, tall, e.g. tree Ez 19:11, 31:5, 31:10, 31:14, heavens Jb 35:5, Is 55:9, Ps 103:11, man 1 S 10:23.
2. be exalted, of man in dignity and honour Jb 36:7, of servant of Yahweh Is 52:13, God Is 5:16, God's ways Is 55:9.
3. lofty גָּבַהּ לִבּוֹ:—a. in a good sense, encouraged in the ways of Yahweh 2 Ch 17:6; b. elsewhere in a bad sense, be haughty Ps 131:1, Pr 18:12, 2 Ch 26:16, 32:25, Ez 28:2, 28:5, 28:17, and so without לב Is 3:16, Je 13:15, Ez 16:50, Zp 3:11. Hiph. Pf. הִגְבַּהְתִּי Ez 17:24; Impf. יַגְבִּיהַּ Jb 39:27, Je 49:16, Ob:4; וַיַּגְבִּיהֶהָ 2 Ch 33:14; יַגְבִּיהוּ Jb 5:7; Inf. הַגְבֵּהַּ Is 7:11, Ez 21:31; Pt. מַגְבִּיהַּ Pr 17:19, Ps 113:5; —make high, exalt, e.g. trees Ez 17:24, wall 2 Ch 33:14, gate Pr 17:19, nest Je 49:16, Ob:4, dwelling Ps 103:5, a request Is 7:11, the lowly Ez 21:31; יַגְבִּיהוּ עוּף make their flight high, soar aloft Jb 5:7, without עוף Jb 39:27.
† גָּבֹהַּ adj. high, exalted—1 S 9:2 + 15 t.; גָּבוֹהַּ Ps 138:6; cstr. גְּבֹהַּ 1 S 16:7; גְּבַהּ (Ew:§ 213 d) Ps 101:5 + 3 t.; pl. גְּבֹהִים Ec 5:7 + 5 t.; f. גְּבֹהָה Dt 3:5 + 6 t.; pl. גְּבֹהוֹת Dn 8:3 + 2 t.; גְּבֹהֹת Dt 28:52; —
1. high, lofty, tall, e.g. tree Ez 17:24, tower Is 2:15, Zp 1:16, mountain Gn 7:19, Ps 104:18, Is 40:9, 57:7, Ez 17:22, 40:2; cf. phrases על כל גבעה גבהה upon every high hill 1 K 14:23, 2 K 17:10, Je 2:20; על גבעות הגבהות Je 17:2; עַל־כָּל־הַר גָּבֹהַּ Is 30:25, Je 3:6; man 1 S 9:2; tree גְּבַהּ קוֹמָה Ez 31:3; horns Dn 8:3; walls Dt 3:5, 28:52; gallows Est 5:14, 7:9; gate Je 51:58; altar Ez 41:22; high things Jb 41:26, Ec 12:5.
2. exalted in station Ez 21:31; כִּי גָּבֹהַּ מֵעַל גָּבֹהַּ שֹׁמֵר וּגְבֹהִים עֲלֵיהֶם for high one above high one is watching, & the Most High over them Ec 5:7 so Ew Zö al., but Vrss De Now al. higher (earthly), potentates over them.
3. haughty Ps 138:6, Is 5:15, 10:33, 1 S 2:3; גְּבַהּ־עֵינַיִם Ps 101:5; לֵב ג׳ Pr 16:5; רוּחַ ג׳ Ec 7:8.
4. n.[m.] loftiness, גִּבֹהַּ קוֹמַתוֹ 1 S 16:7; cf. גָּדוֹל 10, p. 153.
† גֹּ֫בַהּ n.m. height—Jb 22:12 + 9 t.; sf. גָּבְהוֹ 1 S 17:4 + 5 t.; pl. cstr. גָּבְהֵי Jb 11:8; —
1. height, of buildings and trees Ez 1:18, 19:11, 31:10, 31:14, 40:42, 41:8, 2 Ch 3:4, Am 2:9; prob. also Ez 43:13 (of altar), so LXX Ew Co for MT גַּב (q. v.); of man 1 S 17:4; heaven Jb 11:8, 22:12 (גבה cstr. ST:6 of rock).
2. exaltation, grandeur Jb 40:10.
3. haughtiness, Je 48:29; אַף גּ׳ Ps 10:4; ־לִבּוֹגּ׳ 2 Ch 32:26; רוּחַ גּ׳ Pr 16:18.
† גַּבְהוּת n.f. haughtiness, Is 2:11, 2:17.
† יָגְבְּהָה n.pr. (exalted? Ol:§ 277 k. 4) place in the tribe of Gad Nu 32:35, Ju 8:11; —Ḫirbet-Ajbêhât, NW. fr. ï‘Ammân, Bd:Pal 189.
גבול(ה) Jos 15:47 Kt; rd. הַגָּדוֹל Vrss. Codd. cf. v:12.
גבח (only in foll. derivatives found in P; cf. also NH גִּבֵּחַ, giant).
† גִּבֵּחַ adj. having a bald forehead, הוּא ג׳ Lv 13:41 (P ‖קֵרֵחַ הוּא v:40).
† גַּבַּ֫חַת n.f. bald forehead (NH id., Aram. ܓܒܳܚܽܘܬܳܐ), only Lv 13—abs. Lv 13:42 (P; asson. בְּקָרַ֫חַת אוֹ בַגַּבַּ֫חַת); גַּבַּחְתּוֹ v:42, v:43 (both P & ‖קָרַחְתּוֹ); in all, as place of appearance of an eruption; v:55 (P; ‖ id.) = in its front, i.e. front of garment.
גֹּבַי v. sub גבה. p. 146
גַּבַּי, גַּבַּי סַלָָּי v. sub גבב. p. 146
גֵּבִים n.pr.loc. v. sub גוב. p. 155
גבל (acc. to Thes orig. twist, wind, whence not only גַּבְלֻת, מִגְלֽת, but also גְּבוּל (cord and then) boundary, as determined by measuring cord, or line, whence vb. denom. גָּבַל bound, border, q. v. infr.; NH גָּבַל, Aram. גְּבַל mean mix, knead; Ar. جَبَلَ, Syr. ܓܒܰܠ = create, fashion; MV assume meaning massive, whence Ar. جَبَل mountain (cf. As. gablu HA:48), and גְּבוּל as originally earth-wall, etc., serving as boundary; this explains גַּבְלֻת etc. less well).
גְּבוּל:240 n.m.:Nu 34:3 border, boundary, territory (NH id., Punic gubulim (pl., Plaut:Poen. i. 9)—גָּבוּל Gn 10:19 + 168 t. + Jos 15:47 Kt (but rd. Qr גָּדוֹל); גְּבֻל Nu 21:13 + 9 t.; (both, in abs. & cstr., e.g. abs. Nu 22:36, 34:8, cstr. Gn 10:19, 2 S 21:5); sf. גְּבוּלִי 1 Ch 4:10, גְּבוּלְךָ Ex 7:27, גְבֻלְךָ Ex 23:31 + 3 t., etc.; pl. (8 t.) only sf. גְּבוּלֶיךָ Je 15:13, 17:3, etc.;—
1. border, boundary, a. of a land or people: Canaanites Gn 10:19 (J), Edom Nu 20:23, Jos 15:1, 15:21 (all P) cf. Ob:7, Amorites Nu 21:13 (E) Jos 13:4 (D) cf. 12:5 (D) Ju 1:36, Moab Nu 21:13, 21:15, 22:36 (E) 33:44 (P) Dt 2:18, Ju 11:18, 11:18, 2 K 3:21, Is 15:8, Ammon Nu 21:24 (E) Dt 3:16, Jos 12:2, 13:10 (all D) Am 1:3, Bashan Jos 12:4 (D), Egypt 1 K 5:1 = 2 Ch 9:26, Is 19:19; esp. of promised land Ex 23:31, 34:24 (JE) Nu 34:3 + 13 t. Nu 34 (all P) Dt 11:24, 12:20, 16:4, Jos 1:4 (D), cf. Ez 45:1 10 t. Ez 45–48; also of Israel 2 K 14:25, Am 6:2, Mal 1:5. b. boundary of smaller divisions, e.g. Geshurites Dt 3:14, Jos 12:5, 13:11 (all D), cf. Jos 16:2, 16:3 (J) 19:12 (P); esp. of tribes of Israel Dt 3:16, 3:17, Jos 13:30 (all D) 13:16 + 60 t. Jos 13–19 (P);—15:47 rd. גדול v. supr.; Jos 22:25 (P) & 17:8, 18:11, 24:30 (JE), cf. 1 Ch 6:39, 6:51, 2 Ch 11:13, Ez 48:1 + 15 t. Ez 48 (incl. v:22, v:22 q. del. Co);—in 1 S 13:18 rd. for גְּבוּל, הַגֶּבַע LXX We Dr. †c. boundary of territory belonging to an individual,—of field, piece of ground, etc. Gn 23:17 (P) Dt 19:14, 27:17, Jos 24:30 (E) = Ju 2:9, 1 Ch 4:10, Pr 15:25, 22:28, 23:10, Ho 5:10. †d. border of stream Nu 22:36. †e. limit to waters of deep Ps 104:9 cf. Je 5:22. †f. a concrete object marking limit, (α) barrier in Ezekiel's temple Ez 40:12 (del. LXX SyrVer Co) v:12; (β) border of altar Ez 43:13, 43:17, 43:20; (γ) surrounding wall of restored Zion Is 54:12 (so LXX Ew Kn Che; De Brd territory, Di undecided). †
2. territory (enclosed within boundary), a. of land or people Gn 47:21 (J) Ex 7:27 (P) 10:4, 10:14 (‖ארץ) v:19, 13:7 (all J), Nu 20:16, 20:17, 20:21, 21:22 (E; ארץ) = Ju 11:20, Nu 21:23 (E) Dt 2:4, 19:3 (אַרְחְךָ גּ׳) v:8, 28:40, Jos 18:5, 18:5 (E) Ju 11:22, 19:29, 2 S 21:5, 1 K 1:3, 2 K 10:32, 1 Ch 21:12 (‖ארץ) Ps 105:31 (= ארץ in ‖ Ez 8:16, 8:17) v:33, 147:14, Je 31:17, Ez 11:10, 11:11, Jo 4:6, Zp 2:8. b. territory of a city (or limit of such territory) Nu 35:26, 35:27, Jos 13:26, Ju 1:18, 1:18, 1:18, Ez 47:16, 47:16, 47:17, 47:17 (del. LXX Co) 48:1, Am 6:2. †c. territory about Ezekiel's temple Ez 43:12. †d. pl. in like sense (only use of pl.), of land Mi 5:5, Is 60:18 (‖ארץ) Je 15:13 17:13, of city 1 S 5:6, 2 K 15:16, 18:8; so Ez 27:4 of Tyre. †e. fig. territory (region) of darkness Jb 38:20; territory of wickedness Mal 1:4 (of Edom); territory of his holiness Ps 78:54 (of Canaan).
† [גְּבוּלָה] n.f. border, boundary—sf. גְּבֻלָתוֹ Is 28:25; Pl. abs. גְּבֻלֽת Nu 32:33, גְּבֻלוֹת Jb 24:2; cstr. גְּבוּלוֹת Ps 74:17, גְּבוּלֽת Is 10:18, גְּבֻלֽת Dt 32:8; sf. גְּבוּלֽתֶיהָ Jos 18:20, 19:49, גְבֻלֽתֶיהָ Nu 34:2, 34:12; —
1. border, boundary of the earth (poet.) Ps 74:17; of peoples Is 10:13, Dt 32:8 (poem); of land of Canaan Nu 34:2, 34:12 (P) Jos 19:49 (JE); of a tribe Jos 18:20 (P); of territory about cities Nu 32:33 (P?); of piece of ground Jb 24:2; of barley-field Is 28:25.
† גַּבְלֻת n.f. twisting—שַׁרְ שֹׁת גַּבְלֻת Ex 28:22, שַׁרְשְׁרֹת גּ׳ 39:15 (both P), cords of twisting, i.e. (well or tightly) twisted cords.
† מִגְבָּלֽת n.f.pl. the twisted, i.e. cords Ex 28:14 cf. Di (appos. שַׁרְשְׁרֹת זָהָב, ‖הָעֲבֹתֹת שׁ׳).
†גָּבַל vb. denom. bound, border—Qal Pf. גָּֽבְּלוּ Dt 19:14; Impf. 3 ms. יִגְבּוֹל Jos 18:20, 3 fs. תִּגְבָּל־ Zc 9:2; —bound, border, c. acc. Jos 18:20 (P); c. בְּ border upon, adjoin Zc 9:2; trans. set bounds Dt 10:14 (c. acc. cogn.). Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. set bounds for, c. acc. וְהִגְבַּלְתָּ֫ Ex 19:12; Imv. id. הַגְבֵּל v:23 (both JE), + Pt. מַגְבִּיל Ez 47:18 LXX SyrVer Vulgate Co.
† גְּבַל n.pr.loc. maritime city on the Phenician coast Ez 27:9; (Ph. גבל = Byblus (Sm Di Jos 13:5); in As. Gubli COT:Gloss); mod. Jebeil Bd:Pal 358; v. also Furrer:ZPV viii.20
† גִּבְלִי adj.gent. of foregoing, c.art. = n. coll. Jos 13:5 והארץ הַגִּבְלִי, but rd. גְבוּל הַגּ׳, cf. Di. 1 K 5:32 הַגִּבְלִים (but prob. txt. err.; Th rds. וַיַּגְבִּלוּם and they bordered them, made a border for them (the stones); LXX ἔβαλον, cf. also Klo).
† גְּבָל n.pr.loc. (= Ar. جِبَال, Γεβαληνη) mountainous region S. of Dead Sea, Targum Seir, cf. Jos:Ant, ii. 1, 2; ix. 9, 1; Ps 83:8 גבָל ועמון ועמלק;—mod. Jibâl; Seetzen:ii. 357 Burckh:Travels 401 Rob:BR ii. 154.
גבן (prob. be curved, contracted, coagulated; Syr. Pa. ܓܰܒܶܢ coagulate; Ar. جَبُنَ is be timid, perh. from shrinking, cowering).
† גִּבֵּן adj. crook-backed, hump-backed (cf. Aram. גְּבִין id., NH גַּבָּן highlander; also NH גבין, Aram. גבינא, ܓܒܺܝܢܳܐ, all = brow (eye-brow, etc.); cf. Ar. جُبْنُ side of forehead), Lv 21:20.
† גְּבִינָה n.f. curd, or cheese (NH id., Ar. gbnat: Eth. guwbno0 Aram. גּוּבְנָא, gbeto0, cf.)—וְכַגְּבִינָה תַּקְפִּיאֵנִי Jb 10:10 (‖חָלָב).
† [גַּבִנֹן] n.[m.] peak, rounded summit; pl. גַּבְנֻנִּים: Ps 68:16 :הַר־בָּשָֽׁן הַר־אֱלֽהִים הַר־בָּשָָׁן הַר־ג׳; הָרִים ג׳ v:17 (appos., Thes Dr:§ 188 al.; others adj. many-peaked). Cf. Wetzst:Batan. Giebelgeb. 1884.
גבע (convex, projecting, high; cf. Aram. Pa. גַּבַּע swell, swell up, גְּבִיעַ hump-backed, גִּבְעֲתָא hill; v. also I. גִּבְעָה infr.)
† גֶּ֫בַע n.pr.loc.—ג׳ abs. Jos 21:17 +; cstr. Ju 20:10 +; גָּ֑בַע Jos 18:24 +;—Levitical city, in Benjamin Jos 21:17 = 1 Ch 6:45, Jos 18:24 cf. 1 Ch 8:6, 1 K 15:22, Ne 11:31; also 1 S 13:16 & Ju 20:10, 20:33 MT, in all three rd. גִּבְעָה (גִּבְעַת), cf. context;—northernmost city in kingdom of Judah 2 K 23:8 from Geba to Beersheba, cf. Zc 14:10; situated S. of pass of Michmash Is 10:29, 1 S 14:5 cf. 1 S 13:3; mentioned also 2 Ch 16:6, Ezr 2:26, Ne 7:30, 12:29; in 1 S 13:18 LXX We Dr rd. הַגֶּבַע for MT גְּבוּל q.v.; (2 S 5:25 rd. גבעון with LXX and 1 Ch 14:16).—Mod. Jebaï‘ Rob:BR i. 440 f. Bd:Pal 120.
† גִּבְעָא n.pr.m. a son of Caleb 1 Ch 2:49.
† I. גִּבְעָה n.f. hill—abs. גִּבְעָה 2 S 2:25 + 13 t. + Ez 6:13 (del. Co q.v.) 1 S 7:1, 2 S 6:3, 6:4 (cf. Dr); cstr. גִּבְעַת Jos 5:3 + 8 t. + 1 S 10:5 (cf. Dr); sf. גִּבְעָתִי Ez 34:26 (but del. Co), גִּבְעָתָהּ Is 31:4; pl. abs. גְּבָעוֹת Dt 12:2 + 35 t.; cstr. גִּבְעוֹת Dt 33:15, Hb 3:6, גִּבְעֹת Gn 49:26; sf. גִּבְעוֹתֶיךָ Ez. 35:8; —hill, height, elevation, both high and low, cf. Ps 148:9 ההרים וכל גבעות, 65:13; —
1. in ordinary prose, hill, lower than mountain Ex 17:9, 17:10 (E) 2 S 2:25; it may be n.pr. in 1 S 7:1, 10:10, 2 S 6:3, 6:4 v. also sub II. גִּבְעָה.
2. esp. as place of illicit worship גְּבֹהָה ותחת כל עץ רענן עַל כָּל־ג׳ 1 K 14:23, 2 K 17:10, Je 2:20; cf. Dt 12:2, 2 K 16:4, 2 Ch 28:4 (these two + במות); also Ho 4:13, Je 13:27, 17:2, Ez 6:13 (v. supr.).
3. very commonly ‖הר in poet. & proph. Dt 33:15, Ps 72:3, 114:4, 114:6, 148:9, Ct 2:8, 4:6, Is 2:2, 2:14, 30:17, 30:25, 31:4, 40:4, 40:12, 41:15, 42:15, 54:10, 55:12, 65:7, Je 3:23, 4:24, 16:16, 50:7, Ez 6:3, 34:6, 35:8, 36:4, 36:6, Ho 4:13, 10:8, Jos 4:18, Am 9:13, Mi 4:1, 6:1, Na 1:5, Hb 3:6; rarely in prose Dt 12:2; sometimes as high and majestic (poet.) עולם ג׳ Gn 49:26, Dt 33:15, Hb 3:6 (‘everlasting hills’); cf. also Jb 15:7, Pr 8:25(with adj. high, cf. supr.); v. also Je 49:16.
4. hills with special names, some nearly or quite = n.pr.loc., which see under the respective words: מֹרֶה ג׳ Ju 7:1 teacher's hill, in valley of Jezreel; הָעֲרָלוֹת ג׳ Jos 5:3 hill of the fore-skins; הָאֱלֽהִים ג׳ 1 S 10:5 (a designation of Gibeah); הַחֲכִילָה ג׳ 1 S 23:19, 26:1, 26:3; אַמָּה ג׳ 2 S 2:24; הַלְּבוֹנָה ג׳ Ct 4:6 (i.e. hill where frankincense is grown); גָּרֵבָ ג׳ Je 31:39; יְרוּשָׁלַם ג׳ Is 10:32 cf. 31:4 (where ‖הַר־חִיּוֹן), Ez 34:26 (v. supr.) & הַגְּבָעוֹת Zp 1:10 hills on which Jerusalem stands.
II. גִּבְעָה n.pr.loc. (hill)—ג׳ Jos 15:57 +; גִּבְעָ֫תָה(הַ) Ju 20:4 + 5 t.; גִּבְעַת Jos 18:28; cstr. גִּבְעַת 1 S 11:4 + 9 t.; abs. alw. c. art. exc. Jos 15:57, 18:28, Ju 19:12, 20:31, 1 S 10:26, 2 Ch 13:2; —†
1. a city of Judah Jos 15:57 (perh. one of two villages called Gabaa, Gabatha in Onom. v. Lag: Onom. 246, 128; 2nd ed 255, 160).
2. city of Benj. Ju 19:14, 19:16 + 20 t. Ju, 1 S 10:26, 14:2, 22:6, 26:1, 2 S 23:29 = 1 Ch 11:31; also Ho 5:8, 9:9, 10:9, 10:9 (cf. Ju 19:12 ff. 13:2; perh. also 1 S 7:1, 10:10, 2 S 6:3, 6:4 rd. also (for גבע) 1 S 13:16, Ju 20:10, 20:33; = גִּבְעַת Jos 18:28; called also גִּבְעַת בִּנְיָמִין 1 S 13:2, 13:15, 14:16, & גִּבְעַת שָׁאוּל 1 S 11:4, 15:34, Is 10:29; 2 S 21:6 rd. prob. גִּבְעוֹן LXX We Dr. †
3. a city of Ephraim, called גִּבְעַת פִּֽינְחָס Jos 24:33.
גִּבְעַת n.pr.loc (Ges § 80, R. 2) v. foregoing, 2.
† גִּבְעָתִי adj.gent. of גִּבְעָה of Benjamin (?) 1 Ch 12:3.
† גָּבִיעַ n.m.:Gn 44:12 cup, bowl—ג׳ Gn 44:12 + 2 t.; cstr. גְּבִיעַ Gn 44:2; sf. גְּבִיעִי Gn 44:2; pl. גְּבִיעִים Ex 25:34, גְּבִעִים v:33, v:33 + 4 t.; sf. גְּבִיעֶיהָ Ex 25:31 37:17; —cup (of Joseph) Gn 44:2, 44:12, 44:16, 44:17; pl. cups (of golden candlestick in tab.) Ex 25:31, 25:33, 25:33, 25:34, 37:17, 37:19, 37:19, 37:19, 37:20, bowls Je 35:5 גְּבִעִים מלאים יין וכֹסוֹת.
† מִגְבָּעוֹת n.f.pl. head-gear, turban, of common priest (conical? cf. Di Ex 28:40), Ex 28:40, Lv 8:13; מִגְבָּעֹת Ex 29:9, 39:28 (פַּאֲרֵי הַמּ׳).
†גִּבעוֹן n.pr.loc.—ג׳ Jos 9:17 +; c. ה—ָ loc.; גִּבְע֫וֹנָה 2 S 2:12 cf. 1 K 3:4; —Levitical city in tribe of Benjamin; formerly inhabited by Hivites Jos 9:17, 10:2, 10:4, 10:5, 10:10, 10:12, 10:41, 11:19, 18:25, 21:17, 2 S 2:12, 2:13 (pool of Gibeon) v:16, 3:30, 20:8, Je 28:1, 41:12 (great waters which are in Gibeon) v:16, 1 Ch 14:16; vid. esp. יוֹשְׁבַי ג׳, אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ Jos 9:3, (called Hivites 9:7) 10:1, 10:6, 11:19, Ne 3:7, so בְּנֵי ג׳ Ne 7:25 (= בְּנֵי גִבָּר Ezr 2:20, v. גִּבָּר); cf. also as n.pr.m. 1 Ch 8:29 וּבְגִבְעוֹן יָֽשְׁבו אֲבִי גִבְעוֹן = 9:35; cf. מִדְבַּר ג׳ 2 S 2:24, עֵמֶק בְּג׳ Is 28:21; it was the site of great Bamah 1 K 3:4, 3:5, 9:2, where was ‘the tabernacle of Yahweh in the high place’ acc. to 1 Ch 16:39 cf. 21:20, 2 Ch 1:13, 1:13.
† גִּבְעֹנִי adj.gent.—alw. c. art. הַגִּבְעֹנִי Ne 3:7, הַגִּבְעוֹנִי 1 Ch 12:4, הַגִּבְעֹנִים 2 S 21:1, 21:2, 21:2, 21:3, 21:4, 21:9.
† גִּבְעֹל n.[m.] bud (Ol § 216 b)—Ex 9:31 the flax was bud (i.e. in bud Dr:§ 188, (2)), cf. RS:JPh xii.299, 300.
† גָּבַר vb. be strong, mighty (NH id. Aram. גְּבַר; Ar. جَبَرَ (conj. I. dial.; usually in derived conj.) compel, force; جَبَرِيَّةُ overbearing behaviour, جَبْرُ constraint; Eth. gabra:: I, 1, subigere; II, 2, cogere; Syr. ܐܺܬܓܰܒܰܪ play the man, is denom. fr. ܓܒܰܪ man)—Qal Pf. ג׳ Ps 103:11 + 5 t.; גָּבְֽרוּ Gn 7:19 + 6 t.; גָּבֵָרוּ 2 S 1:23; Impf. יִגְבַּר 1 S 2:9; וַיִּגְבְּרוּ Gn 7:18, 7:24; —
1. be strong, mighty, abs. גָּבְֽרוּ חַיִל mighty in power Jb 21:7; with מִן stronger than 2 S 1:24, Ps 65:4; with בְּ mighty among 1 Ch 5:2.
2. prevail:—a abs. e.g. enemies Ex 17:11, 17:11 (E) 1 S 2:9, La 1:16, waters Gn 7:18, 7:19, 7:20, 7:24 (P), power Je 9:2; b. with עַל prevail over, subj. enemies 2 S 11:23, blessings Gn 49:26(J), mercy of God Ps 103:11, 117:2. Pi. Pf. גִּבַּרְתִּי Zc 10:6; sf. גִּבַּרְתִּים Zc 10:12; Impf. יְגַבֵּר Ec 10:10 make strong, strengthen. Hiph. Pf. הִגְבִּיר בְּרִית לְ confirm a covenant Dn 9:27; Impf. נַגְבִּיר לִלְשֹׁנֵנוּ we will confirm covenant with our tongue Ew Ol Che (or, to our tongue will we give strength Hi De) Ps 12:5. Hithp. Impf. יִתְגַּבָָּר Jb 15:25, Is 42:13; יִתְגַּבָָּרוּ Jb 36:9:—of י׳, shew himself a mighty one against (עַל) Is 42:13; of wicked, behave proudly toward (אֶל) Jb 15:25; of erring righteous (aba.) 36:9.
גִּבַר v. following.
I. גֶּ֫בֶר:66 n.m. man (NH id., MI:16 גברן (pl.), Aram. גְּבַר, ܓܒܰܪ; As. gabru, rival is Akk. Loan-word acc. to Schr:JLZ 1874, 200 Dl:S 120, Sm. Chald. Gen. 286)—Dt 22:5 + 39 t.; גָּ֑בֶר Jb 3:3 + 13 t.; cstr. גְּבַּר Ps 18:26 (= 2 S 22:26 גִּבּוֹר but LXX SyrVer rd. גֶּבֶר); pl. גְּבָרים Je 41:16 + 10 t.;—man as strong, disting. fr. women, children, and non-combatants whom he is to defend, chiefly poetic Ex 10:11, Nu 24:3, 24:15 (E) Ex 12:37, Jos 7:14, 7:17, 7:18 (J) Dt 22:5, 22:5, Ju 5:30, 2 S 23:1, 1 Ch 23:3, 24:4, 26:12, Jb 3:3 + 14 t. Jb; Ps 18:26 + 8 t. Psalm; Pr 6:34 + 7 t. Pr; Is 22:17, Je 17:5 + 8 t. Je; La 3:1, 3:27, 3:35, 3:39, Dn 8:15, Mi 2:2, Hb 2:5, Zc 13:7; also 1 S 10:21 LXX We Dr; = each (of locusts) Jo 2:8, cf. אישׁ.
II. גֶּ֫בֶר n.pr.m. an official of Solomon 1 K 4:19 (cf. בֶּן־גֶּבֶר v:13, p. 122 supr.)
† גִּבָּר n.pr. (Aram. id. = hero) Ezr 2:20 prob. = גִּבְעוֹן Ne 7:25.
גִּבּוֹר:159 adj. strong, mighty (cf. Ar. جَبَّارُ one who magnifies himself, behaves proudly, a tyrant, who is bold, audacious)—Gn 10:9 + 5 t.; גִּבֹּר Gn 10:8 + 2 t.; גִּבּוֹרָם 1 S 17:51; pl. גִּבּוֹרִים Je 46:9 + 27 t.; גִּבֹּרִים Jos 10:2 + 21 t.; cstr. גִּבּוֹרֵי 1 Ch 11:27 + 29 t.; גִּבֹּרֵי 1 Ch 9:26 + 4 t.; sf. גִּבּוֹרֶיךָ Ho 10:13 + (var. sfs. 11 t.);—
1. adj. גִּבּוֹר בַּבְּהֵמָה mightiest among beasts Pr 30:30; אִישׁ גִּבּוֹר 1 S 14:52; גִּבּוֹר בָּאָרֶץ Ps 112:2; גִּבּוֹר חַיִד mighty in hunting Gn 10:9 (J); מלך גבור Dn 11:3; אֵל גִּבּוֹר the Messiah Is 9:5; attribute of God especially as fighting for his people Ps 24:8, 24:8, Dt 10:17, Ne 9:32, Is 10:21, Je 32:18 (cf. Ar. الجَبَّارُ).
2. n.m. strong, valiant man Jos 10:2 (E) Gn 6:4, 10:8(J) Ju 5:13, 5:23, 1 S 2:4 + 16 t. 1 K 1:8, 1:10, 2 K 24:16, 1 Ch 1:10 + 11 t. Ezr 7:28, Jb 16:14, Ps 19:6, 33:16, 45:4, 52:3, 78:65, 89:20, 120:4, 127:4, Pr 16:32, 21:22, Ct 3:7, 3:7, 4:4, Ec 9:11, Is 3:2, 13:3, 21:17, 42:13, 49:24, 49:25, Je 5:16 + 17 t. Ez 32:12 + 5 t. Ho 10:13, Jo 2:7, 4:9, 4:10, 4:11, Am 2:14, 2:16, Ob:9, Na 2:4, Zp 1:14, 3:17, Zc 9:13, 10:5, 10:7; cf. phrases גִּבּוֹר חיל mighty man of valour Ju 6:12, 11:1, 1 S 9:1, 16:18, 1 K 11:28, 2 K 5:l (וְהָאִישׁ הָיָה גִּבּוֹר חַיִל מְעִרָָע so LXX al. ; but LXXL ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἦν λεπός, cf. also Klo's dub. emend.), 1 Ch 12:28, 28:1, 2 Ch 13:3, 17:16, 17:17, 25:6, 32:21; אישׁ גבור חיל Ru 2:1; גבורי החיל Jos 1:14 (D) 6:2, 10:7 (JE) 2 K 15:20, 24:14; אישׁ גבורי החיל Jos 8:3; גברי חיל 1 Ch 5:24 + 14 t. Ne 11:14; גבורי חילים 1 Ch 7:5, 7:7, 7:11, 7:40; גבורי החלים 1 Ch 11:26; גברי כח Ps 103:20; גבורי מלחמה 2 Ch 13:3; גברי השֹׁערים 1 Ch 9:26; בית הגבורים Ne 3:16; חָבָא(ה) הגבורים 2 S 10:7, 1 Ch 19:8; ראשׁי הגברים 1 Ch 11:10; גבורים לשׁתות valiant to drink Is 5:22.
† גְּבוּרָה: 61 n.f. strength, might—Ex 32:18 + 16 t.; cstr. גְּבוּרַת Ps 147:10; sf. גְּבוּרָתוֹ + (sfs. 32 t.); pl. גְּבוּרוֹת Jb 41:4 + 3 t.; גְּבֻרוֹת Psalm 71:16; גְּבוּרֹתֶיךָ Dt 3:24 + (sfs. 6 t.);—
1. strength, of horse Jb 39:19, Ps 147:10, crocodile Jb 41:4, sun Ju 5:31, body of man Ps 90:10, Ec 9:16, 10:17.
2. might, valour, of warriors Ju 8:21, Pr 8:14, Is 3:25, 28:6, 30:15, Je 9:22, 23:10, 49:35, 51:30, Ex 32:29, 32:30, Mi 3:8, 7:16; קוֹל עֲנוֹת גְּבוּרָה, noise of shouting in warlike strength Ex 32:18 (E); עֵחָה וּגְבוּרָה 2 K 18:20, Is 11:2, 36:5; cf. phrases of compiler of Kings כֹּל גְּבוּרָתוֹ 1 K 15:23, 2 K 10:34, 20:20; אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וּגְבוּרָתוֹ 1 K 6:5, 6:27, 22:46, 2 K 13:8, 13:12, 14:15, 14:28; cf. also מַלְכוּתוֹ וּגְּבּוּרָתוֹ 1 Ch 29:30, תָקְפּוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ Est 10:2.
3. might of God Jb 26:14, Ps 21:14, 54:3, 65:7, 66:7, 71:18, 80:3, 89:14, 106:8, 145:11, Is 33:13, Je 10:6, 16:21; cf. phrases כח וגבורה 1 Ch 29:12, 2 Ch 20:6, חכמה וג׳ Jb 12:13, משׁפט וג׳ Mi 3:8, הגדלה והג׳ 1 Ch 29:11; גְּבוּרוֹת mighty deeds of God Dt 3:24 Ps 20:7, 71:16, 106:2, 145:4, 145:12, 150:2, Is 63:15.
† גְּבִיר n.m. lord, Gn 27:29, 27:37.
† גְּבִירָה n.f. 1. lady, queen, 1 K 11:19; 2. queen-mother, 1 K 15:13 = 2 Ch 15:16; וַיְסִרֶהָ מִגּ׳ he removed her from (the position of) queen-mother; cf. 2 K 10:13, Je 13:18, 29:2.
† גְּבֶ֫רֶת n.f. 1. lady, queen, Is 47:5, 47:7. 2. mistress of servants, sf. גְּבִרְתִּי Gn 16:8; גְּבִרְתֵח Gn 16:9; גְּבִרְתָּהּ Gn 16:4, 2 K 5:3, Ps 123:2, Pr 30:23; (pl. גברת women MI: 16).
† גַּבְרִיאֵל n.pr.m. (man of EĒl) an arch-angel Dn 8:16, 9:21(cf. Lu 1:19).
גבשׁ (be firm, massive, cf. As. gâbašu, be thick massive, Zim:BP 76, & deriv.; cf. also Aram. גַּבֵּשׁ; Pa. heap up & גַּבְשׁוּשִׁית height, hill).
† גָּבִישׁ n.m. crystal (cf. אֶלְגָּבִישׁ hail—on relation of meanings cf. Gk. κρύσταλλος, & Eth. usage of 0bna: barad: Di:Lex. Aeth.759—Ar. جَبْسُ gypsum, As; gibsûu, mass, abundance, COT: Gloss)—רָא֯מוֹת וְגָבִישׁ Jb 28:18 coral and crystal.
† מַגְבִּישׁ n.pr.m. Ezr 2:30 בְּנֵי מ׳ LXX Μαγεβως, etc., a family of returning exiles, om. ‖ Ne 7:33, but LXX A א Μαγεβως, etc., LXXL Μαγεβεις; cf. Sm: Listen 15.
גִּבְּתוֹן v. sub נבב. p. 146
†גָּג n.m. roof, top (NH id.; Di camp. Eth. g4g:g4g4: vinculum (ferreum), jugo simil. collare ferreum; √ dub.; Thes prop. גגג; perh. גנג (= גנגן) cover Bö:§ 292 Sta:§ 189 a MV)—גָּג Jos 2:6 + 9 t. + 1 S 9:26 Kt (Qr גָּ֫גָה), גָּ֫גָה Jos 2:6, 1 S 9:26 Qr (Kt גנ); cstr. Ju 9:51 + 2 t. + Ez 40:13 (del. Co v. infr.); sf. גַּגֶּךָָ Dt 22:8, גַּגּוֹ Ex 30:3 + 2 t. + Ez 40:13 (del. Co v. infr.); pl. גַּגּוֹת Is 37:27 + 5 t.; sf. גַּגּוֹתֶיהָ Is 15:3, גַּגּוֹתֵיהֶם Je 32:29, גַּגֹּתֵיהֶם Je 19:13; —
1. roof (of house) Dt 22:8, Jos 2:6, 2:6, 2:8, 16:27, 1 S 9:25, 9:26, 2 S 11:2, 11:2, 16:22, 2 K 19:26 = Is 37:27, Ne 8:16, Ps 102:8, 129:6, Pr 21:9, 25:24, Is 15:3, 22:1, Je 48:38; as places of idolatrous worship (esp. of heavenly bodies) Je 19:13, 32:29, Zp 1:5; so הַגָּג עֲלִיַּת אָחָז 2 K 23:12, roof of tower Ju 9:51, Ju 9:51, over gate 2 S 18:24, of chamber Ez 40:13, 40:13 (but LXX Co קיר).
2. top of altar of incense, in tabern. Ex 30:3, 37:26 (both p).
גַּד, גָּד, גִּדְּגָּד, גֻּדְגֹּדָה v. sub גדד. below
† [גָּדַד] vb. penetrate, cut (NH id., cut, cut out, Aram. גְּדַד, ܓܰܕ, Ar. جَدّ cut, cut off; Eth. gadd: in deriv.)—Qal Impf. Ps 94:21 יָג֯וֹדּוּ עַל־נֶפֶשׁ חַדִּיִק they attack (penetrate, make inroads upon) the life of a righteous man (Ol prop. יָגוּרוּ cf. 56:7, 59:4 where, however, Che יגודו; si vera l., perh. denom. fr. גְּדוּד cf. Ho 6:9 & infr.; cf. also גוד & Kö:i. 356). Hithpo. Impf. יִתְגֹּדַד Je 16:6; 2 fs. תִּתְגֹּדֲדִי Mi 4:14, תִּתְגּוֹדָָדִי Je 47:5; pl. וַיִּתְגֹּדְדוּ 1 K 18:28, יִתְגּוֹדָָדוּ Je 5:7 + Ho 7:11 v. infr., תִּתְגֹּדְדוּ Dt 14:1; Pt. pl. מִתְגֹּדְדִים Je 41:5; —
1. cut oneself, as religious (heathen) practice 1 K 18:28; practised also by men of Schechem, etc. in worship of י׳ (late) Je 41:5; for the dead, forbidden Dt 14:1 לאֹ תִתְגֹּדְדוּ וְלאֹ תָשִׂימוּ קָרְחָה בֵּין עֵינֵיכֶם לָמֵת, Je 16:6; cf. 47:5 (subject Philistia personified); also for MT יִתְגּוֹרָר֖וּ Ho 7:14 Codd, they cut themselves, LXX Gr Che RVm, or perh. (cf. גּוּר) sub.
2. gather in troops, or bands; go in troops or throngs, throng; (denominative fr. גְּדוּד q.v.) cf. תִּתְגֹּדֲדִי Mi 4:14 (addressed to Jerusalem); Je 5:7 וּבֵית זוֹנָה יִתְגּ׳ and to a harlot's house they throng.
I. גְּדוּד n. m.:Gn 49:19 band, troop (as making inroads; others, as a division, detachment (as severed), but this usually later in Heb.)—נ׳ abs. 1 S 30:8 + 19 t.; cstr. 2 Ch 25:9; pl. ם 2 S 4:2 + 2 t.; cstr. גְּדוּדֵי 2 K 6:23 + 6 t.; sf. גְּדוּדָיו Jb 19:12, 25:3; —
1. marauding band (making incursions, inroads, cf. גדד) 1 S 30:8, 30:15, 30:15, 30:23 cf. 1 Ch 12:22, also 2 Ch 22:1, 1 K 11:24, 2 K 5:2, 6:23, 13:20, 13:21, 24:2, 24:2, 24:2, 24:2 cf. 2 S 22:30 = Ps 18:30, & Gn 49:19 (v. גַּד 30:11) Ho 6:9, 7:1, Je 18:22; שָׂרֵי גִּדוּדִים 2 S 4:2, cf. וַיִּתְּנֵם בְּרָאשֵׁי הַגְּדוּד 1 Ch 12:19; fig. of God's attacking forces, his chastisements Jb 19:12 (cf. 25:3 infr.)
2. troop, of divisions of army of Isr. (late) גְּדוּדֵי חְבָא מִלְחָמָה 1 Ch 7:4, cf. 2 Ch 26:11; band of Israel, i.e. troop of mercenaries hired from Isr. by Amaziah 2 Ch 25:9, 25:10; בְּנֵי הַגְּדוּד i.e. soldiers of the band 2 Ch 25:13; of army in general כְּמֶלֶח בַּגְּדוּד Jb 29:25, in sim.; also Mi 4:14 בַּת־גְּדוּד of Zion.
3. foray, raid 2 S 3:22.
† II. [גְּדוּד, or גְּדוּדָה] n. [m. or f.] furrow, cutting—
1. furrow, pl. defect. גְּדוּדֶָהָ Ps 65:11 (‖תְּלָמֶיהָ).
2. pl. גְּדֻדֹת, cuttings upon hands, cf. גדד Hithpo. 2. sign of mourning Je 48:37 (‖שׂק).
† I. גַּד n. m. coriander (NH גִּיד, Aram. גִּידָּא; connexion with above √ dub.; v. further Löw:No. 155)—זֶרַע גַּד Ex 16:31, Nu 11:7, sim. of manna.
† II. [גַּד]
1. n.[m.] fortune, good fortune (Ar. جَدُّ id., Aram. גַּדָּא, ܓܰܕܳܐ)—Gn 30:11 בּגד Kt, i.e. בְּגָד (בָּא גָדָ Qr), LXX ἐν τύχῃ, by or with good fortune.
2. n.pr.m. god of fortune (Ar. جَدّ We:Skizzen iii. 171; גד named often in Ph. & Aram. inscript., & found in Ph. & Aram. n.pr., Bae:Rel 76 f. Nö:ZMG 1888, 479; v. esp. Siegf:JPTh 1875, 356 ff.)—c. לְ + art. לַגַּד Is 65:11 cf. Che.
III. גָּד:71 n.pr.m. (fortunatus? perh. der. fr. foreg. divine name Siegf:JPTh 1875, 364 Sta:Gesch. i. 148; but v. also Bae:Rel 159 f.)—שָגּד Gn 35:26 +, as well as גָּדָ Gn 30:11 +;—
1. son of Jacob and Zilpah; a. strictly as personal name Gn 30:11, 35:26, 46:16, Ex 1:4 cf. Gn 49:19, 1 Ch 2:2. b. as name of tribe Nu 1:14, Dt 27:13, 33:20, 33:20, Jos 18:7, Ez 48:27, 48:28; cf. אֶרֶץ גָּד 1 S 13:7 v. also Je 49:1, שַׁעַד גָּד Ez 48:34, on הַנַּחַל הַגָּד 2 S 24:5 cf. We Dr; explicitly מַטֵּה גָּד Nu 1:25, 2:14, 13:15, Jos 13:24, 20:8, 21:7, 21:36, 1 Ch 6:48, 6:65; once, חְבָא מַטֵּה בְנֵי־גָד Nu 10:20; בְּנֵי גָד (MI:10 אש גד) Nu 1:24 + 12 t. Nu; Jos 4:12 + 14 t. Jos; 1 Ch 5:11, 12:14. †
2. a prophet in David's time, called נָבִיא 1 S 22:5, but הַנָּבִיא חֹזֶה דָוִד 2 S 24:11 & חֹזֵה הַחֹזֶה ‖ 1 Ch 21:9, 1 Ch 29:29 & חֹזֵה־הַמֶּלֶךָ 2 Ch 29:25.
† I. גָּדִי adj. gent. of גָּד 1, Gadite 2 S 23:36 (so perh. also ‖ 1 Ch 11:38 where MT הַגְרִי q.v.; cf. Th Be Dr); elsewhere as n.pr. coll.: so 1 Ch 5:18 (only here without art., rd. perh. גָּד so LXX), Dt 3:12, 3:16, 4:43, 29:7, Jos 1:12, 12:6, 13:8, 22:1, 2 K 10:33, 1 Ch 5:26, 12:8, 12:37, 26:32.
†II. גָּדִי n. pr. m. father of Menahem 2 K 15:14, 15:17 (cf. גדו (? גדי) n.pr.m. Eut:Nab No. 25; Palm. גדיא n.pr.m. Vog:No. 32).
גַּדָּה in חֲעַר ג׳ v. sub חחר. p. 347
† גַּדִּי n.pr.m. (my fortune) a man of Manasseh Nu 13:11.
† גַּדִּיאֵל n.pr.m. (EĒl is my fortune) a man of Zebulun Nu 13:10.
גִּדְגָּד, in חֹר הַגּ׳ v. following & sub חֹר. p. 301
† גֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה c. art. הַגֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה n.pr.loc. (mng. dub.) station of Israel in wilderness Dt 10:7, 10:7 (in ‖ Nu 33:32 חֹר הַגִּדְגָּ֑ד v. sub חֹר).
† מְגִדּוֹ and (Zc 12:11) מְגִדּוֹן n.pr.loc. (connexion with above √ not clear; LXX Μαγεδδω, Μεκεδω, Μαγεδω, etc.; Vulgate Mageddo; As. Magadû, Magidû COT:Gloss Dl:Pa 287) old Canaanitish city, assigned to Manasseh 1 K 4:12, 9:15, 2 K 9:27, 23:29, 23:30; מֶלֶח מ׳ Jos 12:21; ישְׁבֵי מ׳ Jos 17:11 = Ju 1:27; מֵי מ׳ Ju 5:19; בִּקְעַת מ׳ Zc 12:11, 2 Ch 35:22; —mod. Lejjûn (=Legio) Rob:BR ii. 329 f. 364 Bd:Pal 229.
גדה (cut, cut or tear away ?).
† [גָּדָה] n.f. bank of river (cf. Ar. جُدَّةُ, جُدَّةُ id., Aram. גּוּדָּא, wall), גְּדוֹתָיו Jos 3:15, 4:18, 1 Ch 12:16 Qr (Kt גדיתיו) Is 8:7.
[גדיה] only pl. sf. Is 8:7 Kt, v. foregoing.
† גְּדִי n.m.:Gn 27:9 kid (NH id., Ar. جَديُ, Ph. גדא, Aram. גַּדְיָא, ܓܰܕܝܳܐ; cf. As. gadû, gadiia, Meissner:ZA iv. 1889, 286 Zehnpfund:BAS i. 505)—גְּדִי Gn 38:17 + 12 t. (abs. Gn 38:23 +, & (generally) cstr. Gn 38:17 +); pl. גְּדָיִים 1 S 10:3, cstr. גְּדָיֵי Gn 27:9, 27:16—kid, almost always עִזּֽים ג׳ Gn 27:9, 27:16, 38:17, 38:20, Ju 6:19, 13:15, 13:19, 15:1, 1 S 16:20; abs. Ex 23:19, 34:26, Dt 14:21 (all בחלב אמו לא תבשׁל ג׳), & c. art. הַגּ׳ Gn 38:23, Ju 14:6; abs. pl. 1 S 10:3; —cf. also עֵין גֶּ֫דִי.
† [גְּדִיָּה] n.f. only pl. kids sf. גְּדִיֹּתַיִח Ct 1:8 (‖החאן).
† גָּדַל:115 vb. grow up, become great (Aram. גְּדַל (Ithpe.), ܓܕܰܠ twist, twine, Ar. جَدَلَ twist a cord, make firm, strong, become strong, so NH)—Qal Pf. ג׳ etc. Gn 38:14 + 14 t.; sf. גְּדֵלַנִי Jb 31:18; Impf. יִגְדַּל etc. Ps 35:27 + 34 t.;—
1. grow up, a. child Gn 21:8, 21:20, 25:27, 38:11, 38:14 Ex 2:10, 2:11 (JE) Ju 11:2, 13:24, Ru 1:12, 1 S 2:21, 3:19, 1 K 12:8, 12:10 ( = 2 Ch 10:8, 10:10) 2 K 4:18; גְּדֵלַנִי כְאָב he grew up to me as to a father Jb 31:18; b. lamb 2 S 12:3.
2. become great, a. in extent, wealthy Gn 26:13, 26:13, 41:40 (JE) Je 5:27; b. in value. בְּעֵינֵי י׳, גָּֽדְלָה נֶפֶשׁ בְּעֵינָ֑י prized by 1 S 26:24, 26:24; c. in intensity, grief Jb 2:13, mourning Zc 12:11, punishment La 4:6, trespass Ez 9:6; d. in sound, loud cry Gn 19:13 (J); e. in importance, of a king Ec 2:9, 1 K 10:23 ( = 2 Ch 9:22) Dn 8:9, 8:10 (under fig. of horn), chief Gn 24:35, 48:19 (J), Messiah Mi 5:3, Jerusalem Ez 16:7; f. of God 2 S 7:22, Ps 104:1, his works Ps 92:6, his power Nu 14:17 (J).
3. to be magnified, a. house of David Zc 12:7; b. Yahweh Ps 35:27, 40:17, 70:5, Mal 1:5, his name 2 S 7:26 ( = 1 Ch 17:24). Pi. Pf. גִּדַּל Jos 4:14, Est 3:1; גִּדֵּ֔ל Is 49:21; גִּדֵָּלָה Is 51:18, etc.; Impf. יְגַטֵּל Is 44:14 + 8 t.; Imv. גַּדְּלוּ Ps 34:4; Inf. גַּדֵּל Nu 6:5 + 3 t.; Pt. מְגַדְּלִים 2 K 10:6 (מְגַדְּלוֹת Ct 5:15 LXX Targum Hi Bö De);—1. cause to grow, e.g. hair Nu 6:5 (P), plants Jon 4:10, Is 44:14, Ez 31:4, Ct 5:13; bring up children 2 K 10:6, Is 1:2, 23:4, 49:21, 51:18, Dn 1:5, Ho 9:12. 2. make great, powerful Gn 12:2 (J) Jos 3:7, 4:14 (D) 1 K 1:37, 1:47, 1 Ch 29:12, 29:25, 2 Ch 1:1, Est 3:1, 5:11, 10:2. 3. magnify, a. man Jb 7:17; b. God Ps 34:4, 69:31. Pu. Pt. pl. מְגֻדָּלִים brought up Ps 144:12. Hiph. Pf. הִגְדִּיל Ps 41:10 +, etc.; Impf. יַגְדִּיל Is 42:21, Dn 8:25, etc.; Inf. הַגְדִּיל 1 Ch 22:8, Am 8:5; Pt. מַגְדִּיל Ps 18:51 ( = מִגְדֹּיל in ‖ 2 S 22:51); pl. מַגְדִּילִים Ps 35:26; —1. make great, e.g. shekel Am 8:5, pile for fire Ez 24:9, joy Is 9:2, counsel Is 28:29, wisdom Ec 1:16, works Ec 2:4, house of Yahweh 1 Ch 22:5; the heel Ps 41:10 either lifted high (Ges), or (cf. De Now) gave me insidiously a great fall; cf. פִּיךָ ג׳ Ob:12 i.e. utter proud words (v. רחב Hiph.) 2. magnify, salvation Ps 18:51, mercy Gn 19:19 (J), teaching Is 42:21, the word of Yahweh Ps 138:2. 3. do great things הִגְדִּיל לַעֲשׂוֹת, a. in a good sense, of God Ps 126:2, 126:3, Jo 2:21, also pregn. without Inf. 1 S 12:24. b. in bad sense, of ‘the northern one’ Jo 2:20, also pregn. without Inf. La 1:9, Zp 2:8, 2:10, Dn 8:4, 8:8, 8:11, 8:25; with עַל, of enemies Ps 35:26, 38:17, 55:13, Jb 19:5, Je 48:26, 48:42; Ez 35:13 of speaking עָלַי בְּפִיכֶם ג׳. c. also, with Inf. implied, wept greatly 1 S 20:41. Hithp. Pf. וְהִתְגַּדִּלְתִּ֫י Ez 38:23 I will magnify myself, shew myself great and powerful (of God); Impf. יִתְגַּדֵּל, with עַלin a bad sense, magnify oneself against Is 10:15, Dn 11:36; יִתְגַּדָָּל Dn 11:37.
† גָּדֵל pt.m. or adj. verbal. becoming great, growing up, Gn 26:13 (J) 1 S 2:26 (cf. Dr) 2 Ch 17:12; also great, pl. cstr. גִּדְלֵי בָשָׂר Ez 16:26 great of flesh.
† גֹּ֫דֶל n.m. greatness—Dt 32:3 + 5 t.; sf. גָּדְלוֹDt 5:21 + 5 t.; גֻּדְלוֹ Ps 150:11; —
1. greatness, magnitude, tree Ez 31:7, arm of God Ps 79:11, mercy of God Nu 14:19.
2. magnificence, a. king Ez 31:2, 31:18; b. God Dt 3:24, 5:21, 9:26, 11:2, 32:3, Ps 150:2.
3. in a bad sense, גֹּדֶל לֵבָב = pride, insolence of heart Is 9:8, 10:12.
† גְּדִלִים n.[m.] pl. twisted threads (NH גְּדִיל, Bab. gidlu, cord on which onions were strung, a string of onions, Zehnpfund:BAS i. 511; Aram. גְּדִילָא, ܓܕܺܝܠܬܳܐ thread, cord, rope, also plaited locks, ܓܕܽܘܠܶܐ id.)—
1. tassels Dt 22:12 on border of garment (‖חִיחִת Nu 15:38, 15:39).
2. festoons, on capitals of columns 1 K 7:17.
גָּדוֹל:522 adj. great—ג׳Gn 4:13 + 279 t.; גָּדֹל Dt 26:8 + 22 t.; cstr. גְּדוֹל Ez 17:3, 17:7, גְּדֹל Ex 15:16, Je 32:19, גְּדָל־ Pr 189:19, גְּדָו֯ל־ Ps 145:8, Na 1:3; sf. גְּדוֹלָם Je 6:13 + 2 t.; pl. גְּדוֹלִים Ex 7:4 + 11 t., גְּדֹלִים Gn 12:17 + 22 t.; cstr. גְּדֹלֵי 2 K 10:6; sf. גְּדֹלָיו 2 K 10:11, Jon 3:7; גְּדוֹלֶיהָNa 3:10; f. גְּדוֹלָה Nu 22:18 + 96 t.; גְּדֹלָה Gn 15:12 + 31 t.; pl. גְּדוֹלֽתNe 9:26, 12:31, גְּדֹלוֹת Dt 27:2 + 30 t., גְּדֹלֽת Nu 13:28 + 7 t.;—great,
1. in magnitude and extent, e.g. sea Nu 34:6, river Gn 15:18, wilderness Dt 1:19, rain 1 K 18:45, mountain Zc 4:7, city Gn 10:12, house Je 52:13, altar Jos 22:10, throne 2 Ch 9:17, sea-monsters Gn 1:21, fish Jon 2:1, eagle Ez 17:3, terebinth 2 S 18:9, substance Gn 15:14, wealth Dn 11:2, victory 1 S 19:5, 1 S 19:22 בּוֹר הַגָּדוֹל rd. הַגֹּרֶן ב׳ acc. to LXX We Dr.
2. in number, e.g. nation Gn 12:2, congregation Je 31:8, camp 1 Ch 12:22, army Ez 17:17, sacrifice 2 K 10:19, slaughter Dt 28:59, 1 S 4:17.
3. in intensity, fear Dt 4:34, weeping Is 38:3, power כּחַ Ex 32:11, joy Jon 4:6, anger Dt 29:23, indignation Je 21:5, sin Gn 20:9, iniquity Gn 4:13, evil Gn 39:9, trespass Ez 9:7.
4. in sound, loud voice Gn 39:14, cry Ex 11:6, shout Jos 6:5.
5. in age, elder, eldest, son Gn 27:1, daughter Gn 29:16, brother Gn 10:21, sister Ez 16:46.
6. in importance, a. things † גָּדֹל(הַ)דָּבָר (הַ) an important thing or affair Ex 18:22, Dt 4:32, 1 S 12:16, 2 K 5:12, 8:13; יום יהוה Je 30:7, Ho 2:2, Jo 2:11, 3:4, Zp 1:14, Mal 3:23. b. of men, great, distinguished, Moses Ex 11:3, David 2 S 5:10, Job Jb 1:3, Mordecai Est 9:4, kings Ec 9:14, Je 27:7; esp. of king of Assyr. הַמֶּלֶח הַגָּדוֹל 2 K 18:19, 18:28 = Is 36:4, 36:18, = As. šarru rabbu, šarru dannu, e.g. KB:i. 94, 1. 1; הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל the h.p. Lv 21:10 + 20 t.; אִישׁ גָּדוֹל(הָ) 1 S 25:2, 2 S 19:33, 2 K 5:1; אִשָּׁה גְדוֹלָה 2 K 4:8; † גָּדוֹל a great man 2 S 3:38, Mi 7:3; לאֹ תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֹל thou shalt not honour (favour) the person of a great man (opp. דָּל) Lv 19:15 (H); †גְּדוֹלִים(הַ) the great 2 S 7:9 = 1 Ch 17:8, Ne 11:14 (vid. infr.) Pr 18:16, 25:6, Je 5:5 (2 K 10:11 LXXL ἀγχιστεύοντας, Klo גֹּאֲלָיו); further גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר 2 K 10:6; גְּדֹלָיו(כָּל־) 2 K 10:11; Jon 3:7; כָּל־ גְּדוֹלֶיהָ Na 3:10. c. † of God, himself 2 Ch 2:4, Ne 4:8, 8:6, Ps 86:10, 99:2, 135:5, 147:5, Is 12:6, Je 10:6; גָּדוֹל(הַ)אֵל (הָ) Dt 7:21, 10:17, Ne 1:5, 9:32, Ps 77:14, 95:3, Je 32:18, Dn 9:4; גדול מכל האלהים Ex 18:11; גדול ומהלל מאד 1 Ch 16:25, Ps 48:2, 96:4, 145:3; מלך גדול Ps 47:3, 95:3, Mal 1:14; †his works Dt 11:7, Ju 2:7, Ps 111:2, †glory Ps 21:6, 138:5, †name Jos 7:9, 1 S 12:22, 1 K 8:42, 2 Ch 6:32, Ps 76:2, 99:3, Je 10:6, 44:26, Ez 36:23, Mal 1:11, 1:11, mercy 1 K 3:6, 2 Ch 1:8, Ps 57:11, 86:13, 108:5, goodness Ne 9:25, compassion Is 54:7.
7. in phrases † עוֹד הַיּוֹם גָּדוֹל it is yet high day (Fr. grand jour, Germ. hoch am Tage, the day is at its height) Gn 29:7; † כַּקָּטֹן כַּגָּדֹל (or reverse) as well small as great Dt 1:17, 1 Ch 25:8, 26:13, 2 Ch 31:15; † מִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֹל(לְ) (or reverse) from small to great Gn 19:11, 1 S 5:9, 30:2, 30:19, 2 K 23:2, 25:26, 2 Ch 15:13, 34:30, Est 1:5, 1:20, Je 6:13, 8:10, 31:34, 42:1, 42:8, 44:12, Jon 3:5.
8. cstr. כְּנָפַיִם(הַ)גְּדֹל great of wings Ez 17:8, 17:7, so of anger Pr 19:19 (Qr); usually of God, in power Na 1:3, counsel Je 32:19, mercy Ps 145:8.
9. as subst. concr. †עשׂה גדלות do great things, of God's great acts of redemption and judgement Dt 10:21, Jb 5:9, 9:10, 37:5, Ps 71:19, 106:21; of the miracles of Elisha 2 K 8:4; of things too great and so presumptuous, haughty תבקשׁ ג׳ Je 45:5; מדברת ג׳Ps 12:4; לא הלכתי בג׳ Ps 131:1 (cf. BAram. Dn 7:8, 7:11, 7:20; also Rev 13:5).
10. † as subst. neut. greatness of arm Ex 15:16; cf. גָּבֹהַּ 4.
† גְּדוּלָּה n.f. greatness—2 S 7:21 + 3 t.; גְּדֻלָּה 1 Ch 29:11; cstr. גְּדֻלַּת Est 10:2; sf. גְּדוּלָּתוֹ Ps 145:6; pl. intens. גְּדֻלּוֹת1 Ch 17:19, 17:21;—chiefly late Heb. a. of Psalmist Ps 71:21; Mordecai Est 6:3, 10:2, king Est 1:4; b. of God's greatness, as an attribute 1 Ch 29:11, Ps 145:3, 145:6, or of his acts 2 S 7:21 (cf. Dr) v:23 = 1 Ch 17:19, 17:19, 17:21.
† הַגְּדוֹלִים n.pr.m. father of Zabdiel Ne 11:14 (RV & so most; but LXX RVm al. the great).
† גִּדֵּל n.pr.m. (very great)—
1. head of one of the families of Nethinim Ezr 2:47, Ne 7:49.
2. head of one of the families of Solomon's servants Ezr 2:56, Ne 7:58.
† גְּדַלְיָה n.pr.m. (Yah is great)—
1. governor of Judea appointed by Nebuchadnezzar Je 40:5, 40:8, 41:16.
2. son of Amariah, a son of Hezekiah Zp 1:1.
3. priest of the sons of Jeshua Ezr 10:18.
גְּדַלְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (Yah(u) is great)—
1. governor of Judea = גדליה2 K 25:22–25, Je 39:14, 40:6–16, 41:1–18, 43:6 (24 t.)
2. son of Pashur, one of the chiefs of Jerusalem in the time of Jeremiah Je 38:1.
3. one of the sons of Jeduthun, in the time of David 1 Ch 25:3, 25:9.
† גִּדַּ֫לְתִּי n.pr.m. (I magnify (God)) son of Heman 1 Ch 25:4 (cf. on this remarkable list of names Ew:§ 274 b We RS:OTJC 422; 2nd ed. 143) v:29.
† יִגְדַּלְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (Yah(u) is great) a prophet of the age of Josiah Je 35:4.
† מִגְדָּל n.m. tower, Gn 11:5 + 11 t.; cstr. מִגְדַּל Ju 8:17 + 21 t.; pl. מִגְדָּלִים 2 Ch 26:9 + 6 t.; מִגְדָּלֶיהָ Ps 48:12, Ez 26:4; pl.f. מִגְדָּלוֹת 2 Ch 32:5 + 2 t.; cstr. מִגְדְּלוֹת Ct 5:13 (?); sf. מִגְדְּלֽתַיִח Ez 26:9, 27:11 ;—
1. tower Gn 11:4, 11:5, Ju 8:9. 9:51, 9:51, 9:52, 9:52. 2 K 9:17. 17:9. 18:8. 1 Ch 27:25. 2 Ch 14:6. 26:9, 26:10, 26:11, 27:4. 32:5. Ne 3:25, 3:26, 3:27, Is 2:15. 30:25. 33:18, Ez 26:4, 26:9, 27:11, Ps 48:13, watch-tower in vineyard Is 5:2; fig. of God as refuge Ps 61:4, Pr 18:10; beautiful neck like tower of David Ct 4:4; an ivory tower 7:5; breasts 8:10. (Cf. MI:22 מגדלתה, Sab. (more precisely Lihyân) מגדלנהן, Eut, v. DHM:Epigr. Denkm. 4, 1. 5). Special towers mentioned on Lebanon Ct 7:5, Penuel Ju 8:17, Shechem Ju 9:46, 9:47, 9:49; and at Jerusalem, the tower of David Ct 4:4 (the arsenal), מֵאָה Ne 3:1, חֲנַנְאֵל Ne 3:1, 12:39, Je 31:38, Zc 14:10, תַּנּוּרִים Ne 3:11, 12:38 (tower of the furnaces).
2. elevated stage, pulpit of wood Ne 8:4.
3. raised bed ‖עֲרוּגָה Ct 5:13, but LXX Vulgate Hi Bö De rightly rd. מְגַדְּלוֹת.
†מִגְדַּל־אֵל n.pr. (tower. Of God) stronghold in Naphtali Jos 19:38 prob. = Μαγδαλά Matt 15:39 = Mejdel in the plain of Gennesareth Rob:BR iii. 298 Bd:Pal 257.
† מִגְדַּל־גַּד n.pr. (tower of Gad) stronghold in Judah Jos 15:37; —cf. Magdala, Lag:Onom. 139, 12, 2nd ed. 171; possibly Mejdel, eastward of Askalon, Guêrin:Judêe ii. 130 f. cf. Bd:Pal 162.
† מִגְדַּל־עֵ֫דֶר n.pr. (flock-tower) shepherd's watch-tower near Bethlehem Gn 35:21, Mi 4:8.
† מִגְדּוֹל n.m. tower, 2 S 22:51 Qr (Kt מגדיל = Ps 18:51 מַגְדִּל).
† מִגְדֹּל n.pr. (מִגְדּוֹל only Je 46:14) fortified city on the NE. border of Egypt Ex 14:2, Nu 33:7, Je 44:1, 46:14, Ez 29:10, 30:6; Copt. meschtôl (Champoll.:LÕ’Égypte sous les Pharaons ii. 79), Egyptian makæel Eb:GS 522.
† גָּדַע vb. hew, hew down or off (NH id. (rare), Aram. גְּדַע Ithp.; Ar. جَدَعَ cut off hand or other member, mutilate)—Qal Pf. גָּדַע La 2:3; וְגָדַעְתִּ֫י 1 S 2:31; Impf. וָאָגְדַּע Zc 11:10, 11:14; Pt. pass. גְּדוּעָה Is 15:2 (so many edd. but) Baer גְּרוּעָה; cf. infr., גְּדֻעִים Is 10:33; —hew, cut in two, a staff Zc 11:10, 11:14; metaph. hew off, an arm 1 S 2:31; horns La 2:3; hew down, trees Is 10:33; if in Is 15:2 then = shave off (object זקן, beard), but no other indication of this meaning, and true MT גְּרוּעָה, cf. Baer's note & Je 48:37; v. גרע. Niph. Pf. נִגְדַּע Ju 21:6 נֶגְדַּע Je 50:23; 3 fs. נִגְדְּעָה Je 48:25; וְנִגְדְּעָה consec. Is 22:25; 2 ms. נִגְדַּעְתָּ Is 14:12; 3 pl. וְנִגְדְּעוּ consec. Ez 6:6, Am 3:14; —be hewn off, of altar-horns Am 3:14, of idols Ez 6:6 (‖נשׁבר); of severance of a tribe from nation Ju 21:6; fig. of king of Babylon Is 14:12; of Babylon as hammer Je 50:23 (‖נשׁבר); of a minister, under fig. of secure peg or pin Is 22:25; of horn of Moab Je 48:25 (‖נשׁבר). Pi. Pf. גִּדַּע 2 Ch 34:7, גִּדֵָּעַ 2 Ch 34:4, Ps 107:16, וַיְגַדַּע 2 Ch 14:2, אֲגַדֵָּעַ Ps 7:5, Is 45:2, וַיְגַדְּעוּ 2 Ch 31:1; 3 mpl. תְּגַדֵּעָוּן Dt 7:5, 12:3; —hew off, down, in two (cf. Qal) of Asherîm Dt 7:5, 2 Ch 14:2, 31:1, of idols Dt 12:3 (פְּסִילִים) 2 Ch 34:4, 34:7 (חַמָּנִים); fig. horns of wicked Ps 75:11; bars of iron (i.e. of Babylon's gates) Is 45:2, cf. Ps 107:16. †Pu. Pf. גֻּדָָּעוּ Is 9:9 hew down (of trees).
גִּדִעוֹן n.pr.m. judge of Israel Ju 6:11, 6:13, 6:19 + 36 t. Ju 6–8; —called also יְרֻבַּעַל (q.v.) Ju 6:32, 7:1 etc., & יְרֻבֶּשֶׁת (q.v.) 2 S 11:21.
† גִּדְעֹנִי n.pr.m. a Benjamite Nu 1:11, 2:22, 7:60, 7:65; גִּדְעוֹנִי 10:24 (always אֲבִידָן בֶּן־גּ׳).
† גִּדְעֹם n.pr.loc. marking limit of pursuit of Benjamites by rest of Israel Ju 20:45.
† [גָּדַף] vb. only Pi. revile, blaspheme (NH גָּדַף cut, wound, then (esp. Pi) revile; Ar. جَدَفَ cut, cut off, II. deny a favour, be ungrateful, etc.; Aram. Pa. גַּדֵּף, ܓܰܕܶܦ, revile)—Pf. 2 ms. וְגִדַּפְתָּ 2 K 19:22 = Is 37:23; 3 pl. גִּדְּפוּ 2 K 19:6 = Is 37:6; Pt. מְגַדֵּף Nu 15:30, Ps 44:17; —
1. revile, between man and man, (abs.) קוֹל מְחָרֵף וּמְגַדֵּף Ps 44:17 the voice of (him that) reproacheth and revileth.
2. blaspheme, sq. acc. י׳ Nu 15:30 (P); 2 K 19:22 = Is 37:23 (‖חֵרֵף; obj. אֶת־מִי, ref. to י׳ as above); Ez 20:27; 2 acc. הַדְּבָרִים נַעֲרֵי מֶלֶח אַשּׁוּר אֹתִי אֲשֶׁר ג׳ 2 K 19:6 = Is 37:6 the words with which the servants of the king of Assyria blaspheme me.
† גְּדוּפָה n.f. taunt, only Ez 5:15 וְהָֽיְתָה חֶרְפָּה מוּסָר וּמְשַׁמָּה לַגּוֹיִם וּג׳ and she shall become a reproach and a taunt, an admonition and an astonishment, to the nations.
† גִּדּוּפִים n.m.pl. revilings, reviling words—ג׳ Is 43:28; cstr. גִּדֻּפֵ׳ Zp 2:8; sf. גִּדֻּפֹתָם Is 51:7 between men, Is 43:28 (‖חֵרֶם); 51:7, Zp 2:8 (both ‖חֶרְפָּה).
גָּדַר vb. wall up or off, build a wall (denom.? NH id., Ar. جَدَرَ and v. גָּדֵר infr.)—Qal Pf. גָּדַר Jb 19:8 + 2 t., וְגָדַרְתִּ֫י Ho 2:8, Am 9:11; Impf. 2 mpl. וַתִּגְדְּרוּ Ez 13:5; Pt. גֹּדֵר Is 58:12, Ez 22:30; pl. גֹּדְרִים 2 K 12:13, 22:6; —wall up, shut off, lit. only Pt., abs. = masons (wall-builders) 2 K 12:13, 22:6; also Is 58:12 (obj. פֶּרֶץ); fig. of Yahweh's dealings with men, obj. אֹרַה Jb 19:8, דֶּרֶך La 3:9; cf. Ho 2:8 (acc. cogn. גָּדֵר), in all = obstructing path of life, cf. also La 3:7 (c. בַּעֲדִי); of restoring fallen booth of David Am 9:11 (obj. פרחים); of repairing fortunes of Israel, a work neglected by prophets Ez 13:5, and by all in power 22:30 (both c. acc. cogn.)
† גָּדֵר n.m.:Ex 42:7 wall (NH גָּדֵר, Aram. גָּדֵירָא, גְּדֵירָא, Ar. جَدْرُ, جِدْرُ, and more commonly جِدَارُ enclosing-wall cf. Heb. גְּדוֹר infr.)—abs. גָּדֵר Nu 22:24, 24:24 + 5 t. + Ps 62:4 (rd. גדרה cf. infr.) + Ez 13:5 (Co גדרת cf. infr.); cstr. גָּדֶר Pr 24:31, Ez 42:10 (Co del.); sf. גְּדֵרוֹ Is 5:5, גְּדֵרָהּ Ho 2:8 (cf. Baer, note); pl. sf. גְּדֵרַיִךְ Mi 7:11, גּדֵרֶיהָ Ps 80:13; —wall, fence, bordering a road Nu 2:24, 2:24 cf. Ec 10:8; connected with Ezekiel's temple Ez 42:7; city wall Mi 7:11 cf. Ezr 9:9; fig. of Yahweh's vineyard Is 5:5, Ps 80:13; of fortunes of Israel Ez 22:30; so also Ez 13:5 (Co גְּדֶרֶת cf. גְּדֵרָה); of hindrance in path of Israel (fig. as woman) Ho 2:8; of man beset by enemies Ps 62:4 (ג׳ הַדְּחוּיָה, but rd. גְּדֵרָה ד׳ Ol De etc.)
† גֶּ֫דֶר n.pr.loc. Canaanitish city Jos 12:13. Γαδερ A & LXXL also Euseb Lag:Onom. 244 2nd ed. 254 = גָּדֵר? Lag:BN 76; cf. גְּדֵרִי infr.; possibly = בֵּית גָּדֵר 1 Ch 2:51 (v. p. III).
† I. גְּדֵרָה, גְּדֶ֫רֶת n.f. wall—1 Ch 4:23 + Ps 62:4 (MT גָּדֵר q. v.), גְּדֶרֶת Ez 13:5 (Co, cf. LXX; MT גָּדֵר) 42:12 (del. Co); pl. גְּדֵרוֹת Na 3:17 + 2 t., גְּדֵרֹת Nu 32:24; cstr. גִּדְרוֹת Nu 32:26 + 2 t., גִּדְרֹת Nu 32:16; sf. גְּדֵרֹתָיו Ps 89:41; —wall, hedge 1 Ch 4:23 (or is this n.pr.loc.? cf. Öt) Na 3:17 (where grasshoppers alight), Je 49:3; wall, connected with Ezekiel's temple Ez 42:12 (del. Co); defences Ps 89:41; elsewhere חאן ג׳ sheep-folds Nu 32:16, 32:36, 1 S 24:4, Zp 2:6 cf. Nu 32:24; Ez 13:5 Co גְּדֶרֶת after LXX; Ps 62:4 MT גדר הדחויה, rd. גדרה ד׳ cf. גָּדֵר.
† גְּדֵרָתִי adj. gent. of II. גְּדֵרָה; הַגְּדֵרָתִי 1 Ch 12:4.
† II. גְּדֵרָה n.pr.loc. a city of Judah הַגְּדֵרָה Jos 15:36; LXX Γαδηρα, LXXL Γαδιρα; ? cf. Γεδουρ Lag:Onom. 245, 2nd ed. 254.
† גְּדֵרוֹת n.pr.loc. in Judah Jos 15:41; הַגְּ׳ 2 Ch 28:18.
† גְּדֵרֹתָ֫יִם n.pr.loc. in Judah Jos 15:36; perh. del., so LXX; whole number too large, cf. Di.
† גְּדֵרִי adj. gent. of גֶּ֫דֶר (q. v.) so Lag:BN 77; cf. MV al.; others גְּדֵרָה; but LXX Γεδωρειτης, LXXL Γεδδωριτης;—הַגְּדֵרִי 1 Ch 27:28.
† גְּדוֹר, גְּדֹר n.pr. (Ar. جِدَارُ wall);—
1. n.pr.loc. city of Judah גְּדוֹר Jos 15:58; also as n.pr.m., under fig. of genealogy גְּדֹר son of Penuel 1 Ch 4:4, גְּדוֹר son of Yered 1 Ch 4:18; also הַגְּדוֹר 1 Ch 12:7 v. d. H.; הַגְּדוּד Baer, cf. his note.
2. n.pr.loc. גְּדֹר 1 Ch 4:39, but read Gerar, acc. to LXX Ew Hi Be al.
3. n.pr.m. גְּדוֹר 1 Ch 8:31, 9:37 a Benjamite, of Gibeon.
I. גדשׁ (NH גָּדַשׁ, Aram. גְּדַשׁ, heap up; cf. also Ar. كَدَسَ).
†I. גָּדִישׁ n.m.:Jb 5:26 heap, stack (NH id., Aram. id.)—גָּדִישׁ Ex 22:5 + 3 t.;—stack of sheaves Ex 22:5, Ju 15:5 (‖קָמָה in both) Jb 5:26.
II. גּדשׁ (= جدش *; exact mng. unknown).
†II. גָּדִישׁ n.[m.] tomb (Ar. جَدَشَ id.) Jb 21:32; Dr:§ 178, ed. 3, p. 229 suggests reading גֶּדֶשׁ.
† גֵּה Ez 47:13, rd. זֶה LXX Targum Vulgate & all moderns.
† [גָּהָה] vb. depart, i.e. be cured, healed (subj. wound) (cf. Aram. ܓܗܳܐ be freed (from guilt, pain, disease, etc.), Aph. set free, also become free) ולא־יִגְהֶה מִכֶּם מָזוֹר Ho 5:13.
† גֵּהָה n.f. healing, cure—גֵּהָָה Pr 17:22 לֵב שָׂמֵחַ יֵיטִיב ג׳ cf. Now.
† [גָּהַר] vb. bend, crouch (so Vrss)—Qal Impf. וַיִּגְהַר 1 K 18:42 sq. אַרְחָה Elijah, with face between knees; 2 K 4:34, 4:35 Elisha, over dead boy, sq. עליו (‖וישׁכב v:34, cf. שׁכב).
גַּו, גֵּו v. sub. גוה. p. 156
גּוֹב, גּוֹבַי v. sub גבה p. 146
† [גּוּב] vb. dig (cf. Ar. جَابَ pierce, bore, hollow out)—Qal Pt. גָּבִים diggers or plough-men 2 K 25:12 Kt; but cf. Qr יֹגְּבִים as Je 52:16 (v. יגב), and v. גֵּב infr.
†II. גֵּב n.[m.] pit, ditch, trench, (Ar. جَوْبَةُ hollow, depression; Syr. ܓܽܘܒܳܐ cistern)—only pl. גֵּבִים Je 14:3; in 2 K 3:16 גבים גבים, i.e. full of ditches; further, cisterns (acc. to Klo 2 K 25:12) Je 39:10 וִּיגֵבִים (rd. וְגֵבִים); cf. also ‖ 2 K 25:12 (ולגבים Kt, וּלְיוֹגְבִים Qr) = Je 52:16 (וּלְיֹגְבִים; both c. כֹּרְמִים); Klo prop. to emend these, so as to rd. in all וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם כְּרָמִים וְגֵבִים and gave to them vineyards and cisterns; another view in Th; cf. further גוב, יגב.—I. גֵּב v. sub גבה.
† גּבִים n.pr.loc. (trenches) N. fr. Jerusalem, c. art. הַגּ׳ Is 10:31; site unknown.
†III. [גֵּב] n.[m.] beam, rafter? (Thes sub גוב, but mng. & √ dub.), גֵּבִים 1 K 6:9; but Lag:Armen. Stud. § 499, M i. 212; BN 155 rds. גֻּבְּדִים (Pers. knbd, Armen. γμβεθ) vaulted roofs.
† גּוֹג n.pr.m. (√ unknown)—
1. 1 Ch 5:4 a Reubenite.
2. Gog of the land of Magog, prince of Rosh, Meshak, and Tubal, גּוֹג אֶרֶץ מָגוֹג נְשִׂיא ראֹשׁ מֶשֶׁח וְתֻבָָל Ez 38:2, 38:3 (om. מגוֹג א׳) 39:1 (om. id.) cf. 38:14, 38:16 (del. LXX SyrVer Co) v:18, 39:1, 39:11, 39:11, 39:11 (גֵּיא הֲמוֹן ג׳) v:15 (id.); cf. As. Gâgu, chief of a mountain tribe N. of Assyria Dl:Pa 247 COT on Ez 38:2.
† מָגוֹג n.pr.terr. (= land of Gog? cf. Dl:Pa 246 Len:Or ii. 1, 465)—Ez 38:2, 39:6; in Gn 10:2 = 1 Ch 1:5 a son of Japhet, בְּנֵי יֶפֶת גֹּמֶר וּמָגוֹג וּמָדַי וְיָוָן וְתֻבָָל וּמֶשֶׁךְ וְתִירָס; = Scythians? cf. Jos:Ant. i. 6. 1; Lag:Ges. Abh. 158 refers name to mountainous region between Cappadocia and Media; cf. Di Gn 10:2, Kiep:MBAk Feb. 1889, 207 (N. & E. Armenia), Len (SE. Armenia), v. esp. Len:Or ii. 1, 412–476.
† [גּוּד] vb. invade, attack (cf. גדד, whence יָגֻד etc. actually derived by Ki Bö Kö:i. 356 q.v.; SS, perh. better, denom. fr. גדוד)—Qal Impf. יָגֻד Gn 49:19, יְגוּדֶָנּוּ v:19, יְגֻדֶנּ֑וּ Hb 3:16; יגודו Ps 94:21 Kt (v. גדד);—attack Gn 49:19, allit. c. גָּד n. pr. & גְּדוּד, :גָּד גְּדוּד יְגוּדֶנּ֑וּ וְהוּא יָגֻד עָקֵֽב Gad, a troop shall troop upon him, but he shall troop upon the heel (i.e. pursue them in their retreat) VB; Hb 3:16 לַעֲלוֹת לְעַם יְגֻדֶָנּוּ cf. VB & Comm.
I. גֵּוָה v. sub גאה. p. 145
גוה (project, be convex?).
† [גַּו] n.[m.] back—only sf. גַּוֶּ֑ךָ 1 K 14:9, גַּוֵּ֑ךְ Ez 23:35, גַּוָּם Ne 9:26; —alw. הִשְׁלִיךְ אַחֲרֵי ג׳ cast behind the back, i.e. put out of mind, ignore, reject י׳ 1 K 14:9, Ez 23:35, and his law Ne 9:26.
†I. גֵּו n.[m.] back—גֵּו abs. unused, cstr. Pr 10:13 + 2 t., sf. גֵּוִי Is 50:6, גֵּוְךָ Is 38:17, גֵּוֵךְ 51:23; —back, as beaten, lashed Pr 10:13, 19:29, 26:3 cf. Is 50:6; in phr. הִשְׁלִיךְ אַחֲרֵי ג׳ (as גַּו) Is 38:17, of Yahweh's casting sins of penitent behind his back, putting them out of mind; as trodden upon Is 51:23, fig. of extreme humiliation.
†II. גֵּו n.[m.] midst, Aramaism (cf. Aram. גַּוָּא, גֵּו middle, NH גֵּו midst, interior; ܓܰܘ id., belly, Ar. جَوُّ midst) Jb 30:5 מִן־גֵּו יְנֹרָָשׁוּ from the midst (of men) they are driven; Rosenmüller al. comp. Cicero:Off. iii. 8: e medio pelluntur.
†II. גֵּוָה n.f. back—(so also Di Hoffm SS; LXX Thes De AV RV body = גְּוִיָּה, cf. Ba:ZMG 1887, 605) Jb 20:25 וַיֵּחֵיא מִגֵּוָה it comes out from the back (of arrow which has struck a fugitive, and is then extracted; Hoffm rds. מִגֵּוֹה).—I. גֵּוָה sub גאה.
†גְּוִיָּה n.f. body, corpse—abs. ג׳ Na 3:3; cstr. גְּוִיַּת Ju 14:8 + 2 t.; sf. גְּוִיָּתוֹ 1 S 31:10, Dn 10:6, גְּוִיָּתֵנוּ Gn 47:18, גְּוִיָּתָם Na 3:3; pl. abs. גְּוִיּוֹת Ps 110:6; sf. גְּוִיֹּתֵנוּ Ne 9:37, גְּוִיֹּתֵיהֶם Ez 1:23, גְּוִיֹּתֵיהֶָנַָה v:11; —
1. living human body Gn 47:18 (sg., of many persons), cf. pl. Ne 9:37; of man in Daniel's vision Dn 10:6 (body apart from extremities); also of the living creatures in Ezek.'s vision Ez 1:11, 1:28.
2. dead body, corpse, carcass: a. of man 1 S 31:10 (so orig. in ‖ 1 Ch 10:10 v. We:Sm cf. Dr) v:12, v:12 (sg. of several persons), Ps 110:6; coll. Na 3:3, 3:3; b. of lion Ju 14:8, 14:9.
גּוֹי:561 n.m.:Gn 12:2 nation, people (NH id. Gentiles, Ph. גו community, ܓܰܘܳܐ, Sab. גו id., DHM:ZMG 1883, 348)—ג׳ Gn 12:2 + 121 t.; sf. 1 S. גּוֹיִ Zp 2:9, גּוֹיֶ֑ךָ Ps 106:5, גּוֹיֵךְ Kt Ez 36:13, 36:14, 36:15 (Qr wrongly גּוֹיַיִךְ cf. Co, who del. v:15); pl. גּוֹיִם Gn 10:5 + 410 t. + Qr Gn 25:23, Ps 79:10 (Kt גיים) + 6 t. Ez (var. emend. Co); cstr. גּוֹיֵי Gn 18:18 + 8 t., גּוֹיֵ 2 Ch 32:13, Ezr 6:21 (cf. Baer's notes); sf. גּוֹיֵהֶם Gn 10:5, 10:20, 10:31, 10:32; —
1. nation, people Gn 10:5, 10:5, 10:20, 10:31, 10:32, 10:32 (all P) +; Is 2:2, 2:4, 2:4 = Mi 4:2, 4:3, 4:3; †Jb 12:23, 12:23, 34:29 †; Pr 14:34; כֹּל גּוֹיֵי הָאָרֶץ Gn 18:18, 22:18, 26:4 (all J); Dt 28:1. a. specif. of descendants of Abraham, גּוֹי גָּדוֹל Gn 12:2 cf. 18:18 (both J), גּוֹיִם 17:6, הֲמוֹן גּוֹיִם 17:4, 17:15 (all P); of Sarah גּוֹיִם 17:16 (P); of Ishmael גּוֹי 21:13, גָּוֹי גָּדוֹל v:18 (both E), גּוֹי גָּדוֹל 17:20 (P); of Jacob גּוֹי וּקְהַל גּוֹיִם Gn 35:11 (P), גּוֹי גָּדוֹל 46:3 (E); of Ephraim מְלאֹ הַגּ׳ 48:19 (J); of Moses גּוֹי גָּדוֹל Ex 32:10 (J) cf. Nu 14:12 (J) Dt 9:14; of Jacob and Esau as two nations Gn 25:23 (J). b. definitely of Israel Ex 19:6 (קָדוֹשׁ גּ׳) 33:13 (both JE), Dt 4:6 (הַגּוֹי הַגָּדוֹל הַזֶּה, said by heathen cf. v:7, v:8) v. also v:34, 26:5 cf. Ps 33:12, Ps 83:5 (said by enemies) Je 31:36, 33:24, Ez 37:22; in narrative Jos 3:17, 4:1, 5:8 (JE), v:6 (D), 10:13 (poet., no art.); of Israel and Judah as two nations Ez 35:10 (said by heathen) 37:22; of Judah Is 26:2, 26:15, 26:15 cf. 58:2, 60:22, Mi 4:7; once my people Zp 2:9 (‖עַם); thy people Ps 106:5 (i.e. of י׳), cf. also Ez 36:13, 36:14 (rd. Kt); esp. of Israel and (or) Judah as sinful, rebellious Dt 32:28, Ju 2:20, Is 1:4, 10:6, Je 5:9, 5:29, 7:28, 9:8, 12:17, Ez 2:3 (del. LXX Co) Hg 2:14, Mal 3:9.—Note. This definite ref. to Israel and (or) Judah is comparatively rare; in Hex not P (yet v. Gn 17:4, 17:5, 17:6, 17:16, 35:11 P); seldom in exil. & post-exil. proph.; not Chr.—c. usually of non-Heb. peoples Ex 9:24, 34:10 (JE) Lv 25:44 (H) Nu 14:15 (J) Dt 15:6, 15:6, 1 K 5:11, 1 Ch 14:17, 16:20, Is 11:10, 11:12 + oft.; opp. Israel as עם י׳ 2 S 7:23, 1 Ch 17:21, 17:21 etc., v. עם, cf. also Nu 23:9; note esp. גְּלִיל הַגּוֹיִם Is 8:23 circle or district of the nations (v. גָּלִיל); also חֲרשֶׁת הַגּ׳ Ju 4:2, 4:13, 4:16 Charosheth of the nations, & מֶלֶךְ גּוֹיִם לְגִלְגָּל֖ Jos 12:23 king of nations (peoples, tribes) belonging to Gilgal (LXX Di to the district, i.e ‘Galilee’); esp. of these peoples as heathen: idolatrous Lv 8:24, 8:28 (P) 20:23 (H) 1 K 14:24, 2 K 17:8, 17:11, 17:15, 17:26, 17:29, 17:29, 2 Ch 28:3, 32:13 +, Ezr 6:21, Ez 5:6 +; hostile Gn 15:14 (J) Lv 26:33, 26:38, 26:45 (H) Dt 4:27, 9:4, 9:5, 18:9, 1 Ch 16:35, Je 5:15, Ez 4:13 + oft. Je Ez, etc.; in simile Ez 20:32, 25:8; sometimes ‖עַם Ps 33:10, 33:12, Is 11:10, Je 6:18, v. also Is 2:2, 2:4 comp. with Mi 4:1, 4:3.
2. fig. of swarm of locusts Jo 1:6; of all species of beasts Zp 2:14.
3. גּוֹיִם Gn 14:1, 14:9 prob. mutilated n.pr. v. infr.
†I. [גּוּז] vb. pass over, away (Ar. جَازَ pass by, over; Aram. גּוּז cross, ܓܳܙ pass away, fail—Qal Pf גָּז Ps 90:10; Impf. וַיָּ֫גָז Nu 11:31; —pass away, of the life of the aged, Ps 90:10 גָּז חִישׁ; trans. bring over, subj. wind, obj. quails fr. sea, Nu 11:31 (rd. perh. Hiph. וַיָּגֶז cf. Kö:i. 442 Di).
† גּוֹזָן n.pr.loc (As. Guzana COT 2 K 17:6 Dl:Pa 184) city and district of Mesopotamia, on or near the middle course of the Euphrates, through which the river Chabur (חָבוֹר) flowed; thither some of the exiled Israelites were brought [by Sargon B.C. 722–21]: גּוֹזָן 2 K 19:12 = Is 37:12; חָבוֹר נְהַר גּוֹזָן 2 K 17:6, 18:11; וְחָבוֹר וְהָרָא וּנְ הַר גּוֹזָן 1 Ch 5:26 where Chabur is separated entirely from the river of Gozan (v. חבור).
גוח v. גיח. p. 161
גּוֹי v. sub גוה. p. 156
גְּוִיָּה v. sub גוה. p. 156
† גּוֹיִם n.pr.gent. Gn 14:1, 14:9, in phr. תִּדְעָל מֶלֶח גּוֹיִם Tid‘al king of Goim; prob. a Babylonian (Elamitic, etc.) name corrupted; H. Rawlinson prop. Gutî a people NE. of Babylonia COT on Gn 14:1; also KGF:258 al.; cf. also Dl:Pa 233 f.
גול v. גיל. p. 162
† גּוֹלָן n.pr.loc (? connected with √ גול Ar. جَالَ go about, around; جَوْلُ circuit; cf. Ph. גול n.pr. insul.; also גָּלִיל, גְּלִילָה) city of Manasseh in Bashan, named as a city of refuge Dt 4:43 cf. Jos 20:9, 21:27 both Qr (Kt גלון); given to sons of Gershom son of Levi acc. to 1 Ch 6:56; Euseb. knew it as a very large village Γαυλὼν ἤ Γωλάν Lag:Onom. 242, 2nd ed. 253; district of same name ib., Josephus:Ant. viii. 2, 3 etc Gaulanitis, mod. Jaulân Rob:BR ii, 432 Bd:Pal 270 Schumacher:ZPV 1886 = Jaulân 1888, acc. to most, name applied first to city, thence to district, but perh. otherwise if above deriv. be correct.
גּון (mng. dub., cf. perh. Aram. גַּוֵּן tinge, ܓܰܘܢ, ܓܽܘܢ; Ar. جَوْنُ reddish black, cf. Hommel:Säugethiere 64).
† גּוּנִי n.pr.m. 1. a Naphtalite Gn 46:24, Nu 26:48, 1 Ch 7:13. 2. 1 Ch 5:15 a Gadite.
† גּוּנִי adj. gent. of foregoing
1.; c. art as n. coll. הַגּוּנִי Nu 26:48; also of individ. 2 S 23:32 acc. to LXXL (Ιεσσαι ὁ Γουνι) Klo Dr; rd. יָשֵׁן הַגּוּנִי; also 1 Ch 11:34 where rd. id. for השׁם הגזוני (LXXL Εἰρασαι ὁ Γουνι).
† גָּוַע vb. expire perish, die (cf. Ar. جَاعَ be empty, hungry)—Qal Pf. גָּוַע Nu 20:29, Jos 22:20 גָּוָ֑עוּ La 1:19 גָּוַעְנוּ Nu 17:27, 20:3; Impf. יִגְוַע Jb 34:15, יִגְוָ֑ע Gn 6:17, יִגְוְעוּ Jb 36:12, יִגְוָעָוּ Zc 13:8, יִגְוָעָוּן Ps 104:28 etc.; Inf. cstr. גְּוַע Nu 20:3 גְּוֹעַ Nu 17:28; Pt גֹּוֵעַ Ps 88:16; —expire and die, only P & poet.; וימת ג׳ Gn 25:8, 25:17, 35:29 (all P); ‖מות Jb 3:11, 14:10 cf. Nu 17:28 (P); ‖אבד Nu 17:27 we expire, we perish (P); ‖עָנִי Ps 88:15 (progressive parall.) distressed and about to die; ‖יאסף אל אבותיו Gn 49:33; ‖על־עפר ישׁוב Jb 34:15 cf. Ps 104:29; ‖יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zc 13:8; abs., both prose and (esp.) poetry Nu 20:3, 20:3, 20:29, Jos 22:20, Gn 6:17, 7:21 (all P) Jb 10:13, 13:19, 27:5, 36:12, La 1:19; Jb 29:18 עִם־קִנִּי אגוע with my nest shall I die, i.e. in full possession of what is mine, cf. Di.
† [גּוּף] vb. shut, close (NH id., v. NHWB:i. 314, 352)—Hiph. Impf. juss. יָגִ֫יפוּ Ne 7:3 close (door, דלתות).
† [גּוּפָה] n.f. body, corpse (late; NH גּוּף, Aram. גּוּפָא; Ar. جِيغَةُ)—cstr. sg. גּוּפַת 1 Ch 10:12; cstr. pl. גּוּפֹת 1 Ch 10:12, cf. Be (‖ 1 S 31:12 has גְּוִיָּה).
†I. גּוּר vb. sojourn (cf. Ar. جَارَ turn aside tarry, v. esp. III. IV. VIII. X; Aram. ܓܳܪ Eth in der.)—Qal Pf. גָּר Gn 35:27 + 3 t., וְגָר consec. Is 11:6; גַּרְתָּה Gn 21:23; גַּרְתִּי Gn 32:5, Ps 120:5; גָּרוּ Ex 6:4; Impf. יָגוּר Ex 12:48 + 12 t., וַיָּ֫גָו Gn 20:1 + 2 t.; sf. יְגֻרְךָ Ps 5:5; 3 fs. וַתָּ֫גָר 2 K 8:2; 2 fs. תָּגוּרִי 2 K 8:1; cohort. אָגוּ֑רָה Ps 61:5 יָגוּרוּ Is 16:4; Imv. גּוּר Gn 26:3, גּוּ֫רִי 2 K 8:1; Inf. cstr. גּוּר Gn 12:10 + 17 t.; Pt גָּר Dt 18:6, Ju 17:7 + 17 t.; f. cstr. גָּרַת Ex 3:22; pl. גָּרִים Lv 25:6 + 8 t.; cstr. גָּרֵי Jb 19:15; —
1. sojourn, dwell for a (defintie or indef.) time, dwell as a new-comer (cf. גֵּר) without original rights, v. esp. Gn 19:9 (J) Dt 18:6 & cf. Ju 17:7, 17:8, 17:9, 19:1; also Gn 12:10, 20:1, 21:23, 21:34, 32:5, 47:4 (all JE); of partriarchs in Canaan Gn 26:3 (J) 35:27, Ex 6:4 (both P) cf. Ps 105:12 = 1 Ch 16:19, Ju 19:16, 2 S 4:3, 2 K 8:1, 8:1, 8:2 (seven years) Is 16:4, Ru 1:1, Ezr 1:4 (in exile); cf. further Ex 3:22 (E) גָּרַת בַּיִת of a woman in another's house as lodger or guest (v. Di), גָּרֵי בַיִת Jb 19:15; so (poet.) of worshipper in Yahweh's house Ps 15:1, 61:5 cf. Is 33:14, 33:14; fig. of evil לאֹ יְגֻֽרְךָ רָָע Ps 5:5 evil cannot be a guest of thine (Che; sq. acc., as in Ar. جاوره III); particulary of the גֵּר (q.v.) in Israel Ex 12:48, 12:49, Lv 16:29 (all P) 17:8, 17:10, 17:12, 17:13, 18:26, 19:33, 19:34, 20:2, 25:6, 25:45 (all H) Nu 9:14, 15:14, 15:15, 15:16, 15:26, 15:29, 19:10, Jos 20:9 (all P) Ez 14:7, 47:22, 47:23; of Ephraim and Manasseh sojourning with Judah and Benjamin 2 Ch 15:9; of Rechabites sojourning in Judah Je 35:7; of Israelites sojourning in Egypt Dt 26:5, Is 52:4, Ps 105:23; so of Judah, to escape from under Babylonian power Je 42:15, 42:17, 42:22, 43:2, 44:8, 44:12, 44:14, 44:28.
2. abide, nearly or quite = dwell Je 43:5 cf. La 4:15, Je 49:18, 49:33, 50:40, also Jb 28:4; of wolf dwelling with lamb Is 11:6; stay (inactive) Ju 5:17 ;—in Is 5:17 rd. perh., for גָּרִים, גְּדָיִם or כָּרִים cf. LXX Lo Ew Di & Che crit. n. (> Stu גֵּרִים) Hithpol. Pt. מִתְגּוֹרֵר 1 K 17:20 seek hospitality with, sq. עִם (cf.Ar. x); יִתְגּוֹרָר֖וּ Ho 7:14 is dub. (cf. II. גור); AE Ki Thes Wü AV RV they assemble themselves, but txt. prob. err., v. גדד.
†I. גּוּר n.pr.loc. (sojourning, dwelling) 2 K 9:27 אשׁר את־יִבְלְעָם מַעֲלֵה־ג׳, otherwise unknown.
† גּוּר־בָָּ֫עַל n.pr.loc. (dwelling or Gûr of Baal) 2 Ch 26:7 הָעֲרָבִי֯ים הַיּשְׁבִים בְּגוּר־בָָּעַל.
גֵּר n.m.:Ex 12:48 sojourner (Ar. جَارَ, Eth. gyur: gor: Aram. ܓܝܽܘܪ, גִּיּוֹר, prosetlyte, גַּיֵּר proselytize, Ph. גר in n.pr., & pl. גרם)—גֵּר Gn 15:16 + 74 t.; sf. גֵּרְךָ Ex 20:10 + 4 t., גֵּרוֹ Dt 1:16; pl. גֵּרִים Ex 22:20 + 9 t., גֵּירִים 2 Ch 2:16; —
1. sojourner, temporary dweller, new-comer (no inherited rights), cf. Ex 12:19, Lv 24:16, Nu 15:30, Jos 8:33 (opp. homeborn); of Abraham at Hebron Gn 23:4 (P; ‖תּוֹשָׁב); Moses in desert Ex 2:22 (J) 18:3 (E; here explan. of name Gershom, Moses' son); as claiming hospitality Jb 31:32; perh. in above cases, and certainly in general, with technical sense; fig. of Yahweh Je 14:8; of Israel in Egypt Gn 15:13, Ex 22:20, 23:9 (all JE) Lv 19:34 (H) Dt 10:19, 23:8; גֵּרִים with Yahweh Lv 25:23 (H) 1 Ch 29:15, Ps 39:13 (in all ‖תּוֹשָׁב) cf. 119:19.
2. usually of גֵּרים in Israel 2 S 1:13 (Amalekite) cf. Jos 8:33, 8:35 (E) 20:9 (P) Is 14:1; dwellers in Israel with certain conceded, not inherited right (cf. RS:OTJC 434; 2nd ed. 342. n.; K 42; Sem 75 f. Sta:Gesch. i.400). The גֵּר is to share in Sabbath rest Ex 20:10, 23:12 (both JE) Dt 5:14; otherwise he is have like obligations with Israel Ex 12:19, 12:48, 12:49, Lv 16:29 (all P) Lv 17:8, 17:10, 17:12, 17:13, 17:15, 18:26, 20:2, 22:18, 24:16, 24:22 (all H) Nu 9:14, 9:14, 15:14, 15:15, 15:15, 15:16, 15:26, 15:29, 15:30, 19:10, 35:15 (all P) Ez 14:7; similar rights Dt 1:16, Ez 47:22, 47:23; and like privileges Dt 16:11, 16:14, 26:11, 29:10, 31:12 cf. 2 Ch 30:25; very rarely any distinction made, in obligation Lv 25:47, 25:47, 25:47 (H), in permissible food Dt 14:21; in future success Dt 28:43; kindness to גֵּר frequently enjoined: Lv 19:10 (‖עָנִי), 23:22 (‖ id.) 19:34 (all H); Dt 10:18, 10:19, 14:29, 24:19, 24:20, 24:21, 26:12, 26:13 (all ‖יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה); oppression prohibited Lv 19:33 (H) Dt 24:14; Ex 22:20, 23:9, 23:9 (JE) Dt 24:17, 27:19, Je 7:6, 22:3, Zc 7:10 (these eight ‖יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה); obj. of care to י׳ Ps 146:9 (‖ id.); charge that גֵּר has been oppressed Ez 22:7, Mal 3:5 (both ‖ id.); also Ez 22:29 (‖עָנִי וְאֶבְווֹן), Ps 94:6; cf. also command that a poor brother be treated like גֵּר i.e. kindly, Lv 25:35 ( H). Latest conception somewhat different: גֵּר 1 Ch 22:2, 2 Ch 2:16 (הַגֵּירִים) gathered for hard service; yet cf. 2 Ch 30:25. (Oft. c. verb. cogn. Ex 12:48, 12:49, Lv 16:29, 17:8, 17:10, 17:12, 17:13, 18:26, 19:33, 20:2, Nu 9:14, 15:14, 15:15, 15:16, 15:26, 15:29, 19:10, Jos 20:9, Ez 47:22, 47:23; oft ‖תּוֹשָׁב Gn 23:4, Lv 25:23, 25:35, 25:47, 1 Ch 29:15, Ps 39:13).
† גּרוּת n.f. lodging (- place)—וישׁבו בְּגֵרוּת כִּמְוהָם אשׁר אחל בית לחם Je 41:17, inn, khan? so Ew Gf; Hi al. גִּדְרוֹת folds, after Joseph. Aq.
† יָגוּר n.pr.loc. a southern city of Judah, towards Edom Jos 15:21.
† [מָגוֹר] n.[m.] sojourning-place, dwelling-place, sojourning—sf. ם Ps 55:16; pl. cstr. מְגוּרֵי Gn 37:1; sf. מְגוּרַי Gn 47:9, מְגוּרָי֑ Ps 119:54, מְגֻרֶיךָ Gn 17:8, 28:4, מְגוּרָיו Jb 18:19, מְגוּרֵיהֶם Gn 36:7 + 2 t. מְגֻרֵיהֶם Ex 6:4; —dwelling-place Ps 55:16, Jb 18:19; —sojourning( -place), always pl. אֶרֶץ מ׳ Gn 17:8, 28:4, 36:7, 37:1, Ex 6:4 (Hex always P) Ez 20:38; sojourning (pl.) = life time, שְׁנֵי מ׳ Gn 47:9 יְמֵי מ׳ Gn 47:9; cf. בֵּית מ׳ Ps 119:54.
† מְגוּרָה n.f. store-house, granary Hg 2:19.
† מַמְּגֻרוֹת n.f.pl. id., Jo 1:17 (‖אֹחָרוֹת; but LXX ληνοί, Me גתות)
†II. [גּוּר] vb. stir up strift, quarrel (cf. גרה)—so Ew Che Di RVm (Is 54:15); gather together Ges De Br cf. Targum Vulgate, so AV RV;—Qal. Pf. גָּר Is 54:15; Impf. יָגוּר v:15, יָגוּרוּ Ps 56:7, 59:4, 140:3 (on all cf. infr.); Inf. abs. גּוֹר Is 54:15; —
1. stir up strife, abs. גּוֹר יָגוּר Is 54:14; cf. Ps 56:7(but AE Che rd. יָגוֹדּוּ attack, v. גדד); sq. עַל־ Ps 59:4 (but Che id.; cf. Ps 94:21, wh. however Ol would emend by 56:7, 59:4); sq. acc. מִלְחָמוֹת Ps 140:3 (Hup Che rd. יְגָרוּ Pi. Impf. of גרה)
2. quarrel, sq. אֶת־ with Is 54:15. Here also Hithpol. Impf. Ho 7:14 יִתְגּוֹרָ֖רוּ (cf. I. גור), acc. to Ew, they excite themselves, but unlikely; v. גדד.
† [גּוֹר] n.[m.] whelp (as quarrelsome? or onomatop.? perhaps = As. giru Zehnpfund:BAS i. 504) of lion ;—אֲרָיוֹת Je 51:38 (‖כְּפִרִים) sim. of Babylonians; cf. גֹּרֹתָיו Na 2:13 (‖ id. v:14) fig. of Assyrians.
†II. גּוּר n.m.:Ez 19:3, 19:5 whelp, young—cstr. (אַרְיֵה)גּוּר Gn 49:9 + 2 t.; sf. גּוּרֶיהָ Ez 19:2, גֻּרֶיהָ Ez 19:3, 19:5, גּוּרֵיהֶן La 4:3; —
1. lion's whelps, fig. of Judah Gn 49:9; of Dan Dt 33:22; of Assyrian (prince ?) Na 2:12; fig. of Israelites Ez 19:2, 19:3, 19:5 (‖כְּפִיר).
2. young of jackals (תַּנִּין) La 4:3.
†III. [גּוּר] vb. dread (cf. יָגֹר)—Qal Impf. וַיָּגָר Nu 22:3, 1 S 18:15; 2 ms. תָּגוּר Dt 18:22; אָגוּר Dt 32:27; pl. יָגוּרוּ Ps 33:8, Jb 41:17 + Ho 10:5, תָּגוּרוּ Dt 1:17; Imv. גּוּרוּ Ps 22:24, Jb 19:29; —
1. be afraid of, sq. מִפְּנֵי Nu 22:3, Dt 1:17, 1 S 18:15, גּוּרוּ לָכֶם מִפְּנֵי Jb 19:29; c. מִן 41:17, Dt 18:22; c. acc. Dt 32:27 (poet.) Ho 10:5 rd. prob. ינודו lament (‖אבל, used c. לְ e.g. Na 3:7, Je 15:5 al.; cf. Che).
2. stand in awe of, sq. מִן Ps 22:24, 33:8 (יָרֵא).
† מָגוֹר n.m. fear, terror—abs. מ׳ Ps 31:14 + 6 t. + Je 20:3 cf. infr.; pl. sf. מְגוּרַי La 2:22; —fear, terror Is 31:9; = cause of terror Je 20:4; elsewhere in phrase, coined by Jerem., מִסָּבִיב מ׳ terror on every side Je 6:25, 20:3 (where as n.pr.), v:10, 46:5, 49:29, Ps 31:14, La 2:22 (מְגוּרַי מִסּ׳).
† [מְגוֹרָה] n.f. fear, terror—cstr. מְגוֹרַת Pr 10:24; pl. sf. מְגוּרוֹתַי Ps 34:5, מְגוּרֹתָם Is 66:4 (on these forms with וּ cf. Ges:§ 27. 3. R.1, & 85. 48);—terror (= thing dreaded) Ps 34:5, Pr 10:24, Is 66:4.
[גורן] Je 2:25 גורנך Kt v. גָּרוֹן. p.173
גושׁ (be hard, cf. Ar. جَسَأَ be hard, of hands, from toil).
† גּוּשׁ n.[m.] clod, lump (NH id., Aram. גּוּשָׁה; cf. Ar. جَسْءُ etc., rough ground, also ice)—וְגיּשׁ עָפָר Jb 7:5, Qr וְגוּשׁ ע׳.
גֵּז v. sub גזו. below
† גִּזְבָּר n.m. treasurer (loan-word; NH id.; cf. BAram. [גִּוְבָּר], pl. גִּוְבָּרַיָּא; Syr. ܓܺܙܒܰܪ also ܓܺܙܒܪܳܐ, Pers. ܓܰܢܙܘܳܪ, cf. Lag:Ges. Abh. 27 f., Arm. Stud.§ 454), Ezr 1:8.
† [גָּזָה] vb. cut, (cut off, sever), √ of גָּוִית (cf. Talm. גְּזָא cut off); hence perh. Qal Pt. act.sf. גּוֹוִי Ps 71:6 thou art he that severed me from my mother's womb (De Che; LXX σκεπαστής, De prop. Εκσπαστής, v. LXX Ps 22:10; Vulgate protector cf. LXX, Thes Ew Hup Pe benefactor, cf. Ar. gnjw0ra jaza0 requite, Jerus. Syr. جَزَا, Talm. גְּזָא id.);—txt. and mng. dub.; ‖ Ps 22:10 has גֹּחִי; v. Che:crit. n. and OP 476; Du עֻזִּי.
† גָּזִית n.f. a cutting, hewing—גָּזִית Ex 20:25 + 10 t., always abs.;—hewing, אַבְנֵי ג׳ = hewn stones (building-stones) 1 K 5:31, 1 Ch 22:2, Ez 40:42 (for tables), cf. אֲבָנִים יְקָרוֹת כְּמִדּוֹת ג׳ 1 K 7:9, 7:11 (but Klo del. as gloss, cf. LXX); also without אבני = hewn stones Ex 20:25 (altar) Am 5:11 (בָּֽתֵּי ג׳) Is 9:9 (opp. לְבֵנִים); טוּרֵי ג׳ 1 K 6:36, טוּרִים ג׳ 7:12; ܓܙܐ; also La 3:9 גָּדַר דַּרְכִּי בְּג׳.
גִּזָּה v. sub גזז. below
†גִּזוֹנִי adj. gent. 1 Ch 11:34 הָשֵׁם הַגִּֽווֹנִי, but rd. יָשֵׁן הַגּוּנִי (LXXL Εἰρασαι ὁ Γουνι) cf. גּוּנִי.
†[גָּזַז] vb. shear (NH id., Aram. גֲּזָו ܓܰܙ Ar. جَزَّ As. deriv.)—Qal Impf. וַיָּ֫גָו Jb 1:20; 2 ms. תָּגֹו Dt 15:19; Imv. 2 fs. גָּוִּ֫י Je 7:29, גֹּ֫וִּי Mi 1:16; Inf. cstr. גְּזֹו Gn 31:19 (E) 1 S 25:2, גֹּו Gn 38:13 (J); Pt. גֹּזֵז 1 S 25:4; pl. גֹּזֲזִים 1 S 25:7 + 2 t.; cstr. גֹּזַוֵי Gn 38:13; sf. גֹּזְַזָי֑ 1 S 25:11, גֹּזְַוֶיהָ Is 53:7; —shear sheep (obj. חאֹן) Gn 31:19, 38:13, Dt 15:19, 1 S 25:2, 25:4; cf. Pt. shearer (c. חאו) Gn 38:12, also גֹּזְַוֶיהָ (i.e. רָחֵל) Is 53:7; abs. = sheep-shearer, 1 S 25:7, 25:11, 2 S 13:23, 13:24; obj. man's head (ראשׁוֹ) Jb 1:20; of a woman's (fig. of Israel) Mi 1:16 (no obj.; ‖קרחי), (fig. of Jerusalem) Je 7:29 (obj. נֵזֶר q.v.) Niph. נָגוֹ֫זּוּ be cut off (= destroyed) of Assyrians Na 1:12.
† גֵּז n.[m.] shearing, mowing (As. gizzu Zehnpfund:BAS i. 530, Aram. גִּיזָּא ܓܶܙܳܐ fleece )—גֵּז Ps 72:6, also cstr. Dt 18:4, Jb 31:20; pl. cstr. גִּזֵּי Am 7:1; —shearing = thing sheared off, wool, fleece חאֹן ג׳ Dt 18:4, כְּבָשַׂי ג׳ Jb 31:20; mowing Am 7:1 (הַמֶּלֶךְ ג׳ cf. RS:Sem. i. 228); = land to be mown Ps 72:6 (but shearing in both, acc. to Hoffm:ZAW 1883, 116 ff. SS).
† גִּזָּה n.f. fleece—(Ar. جزَّةُ, Aram. ܓܶܙܝܳܐ) גִּזָּה Ju 6:37 + 5 t.; cstr. גִּזַּת Ju 6:37; —fleece, חֶמֶר ג׳ Ju 6:37; abs. Ju 6:37, 6:38, 6:38, 6:39, 6:39, 6:40.
† גָּזֵז n.pr.m. son of עֵיפָה, concub. of Caleb 1 Ch 2:46, 2:46; v:b says that חָרָן son of עיפה (and Caleb?) begat Gazez.
גָּזִית v. sub. גזה. above
†I. גָּזַל vb. tear away, seize, rob (NH id., Ph. גזל Niph., Aram. גְּוַל, ܓܠܰܙ & (Nas.) ܓܙܰܠ; Ar. جَزَلَ cut off)—Qal Pf. גָּזַל Jb 20:19, Ez 18:18, גָּזָ֑ל Lv 5:23 +2 t., גָּוַלְתִּי Ps 69:5 etc.; Impf. יִגְזֹל Ez 18:7, וַיִּגְזֹל 2 S 23:21, 1 Ch 11:23 etc.; Inf. גְּזֹל Is 10:2; Pt. act. גּוֹזֵל Pr 28:24; sf. גֹּזְלוֹ Ps 35:10; pl. cstr. גֹּזְלֵי Mi 3:2; pass. גָּזוּל Dt 28:29 + 4 t.;—tear away, rob, c. obj. rei (movable), flock (עֵדֶר) Jb 24:2, ass Dt 28:31, women Ju 21:23 cf. Gn 31:31 (E), tear away orphan child from breast Jb 24:9 יתום מִשֹּׁד, snatch a spear from enemy's hand 2 S 23:21 = 1 Ch 11:23; fig. of drying up snow-water Jb 24:19; (obj. stationary) take violent possession of, well of water Gn 21:25 (E), house Jb 20:19, fields Mi 2:2; (hyperb.) the skin Mi 3:2; c. acc. cogn. = seize, plunder, obj. גְּזֵלָה Lv 5:23 (P) Ez 18:7, 18:12, 18:16, גָּזֵל Ez 18:18, 22:29; indef. Ps 69:5; fig., obj. מִשְׁפָּט Is 10:2; c. obj. pers. robbed Ps 35:10, Pr 22:22, 28:24, prob. also Ju 9:25 cf. Lv 19:13 (H; abs.); cf. also pass. Dt 28:29 (‖עָשׁוּק); החיל גָּזוּל מיד עושׁק Je 21:12 cf. 22:3; Mal 1:13 גָּזוּל (‖פִּסֵּחַ lame and חוֹלֶה sick), prob. that rescued after seizure by wild beasts, therefore mutilated. †Niph. Pf. 3 fs. וְנִגְוְלָה, subj. sleep Pr 4:16 לא (‖יִשְֽׁנוּ ).
† גָּזֵל n.[m.] robbery—abs. גָּזֵל Lv 5:21 +3 t. + Ez 18:18 cf. infr.; cstr. גֵּוֶל Ec 5:7, Ez 18:18 (but cf. infr.);—robbery Lv 5:21 (P) Ps 62:11 (‖עשֶׁק) Is 61:8; = thing plundered, taken as plunder, as plunder, acc. cogn. Ez 22:29 (גָּזַל גָּזֵל); fig. גֵּזֶל משפט = wresting of justice (cf. Is 10:2) Ec 5:7.—Ez 18:18 has גֵּזֶל אָח, but LXX Co del. אח; rd. then גָּזֵל.—Cf. Lag:BN 172.
† גְּזֵלָה n.f. plunder, spoil.—גְּזֵלָה Lv 5:23 + 3 t.; cstr. גְּזֵלַת Is 3:14, גְּוֵלוֹת Ez 18:12; —thing seized, spoil Lv 5:23 (P) Ez 33:15; גְּזֵלַת הֶעָנִי Is 3:14; as acc. cogn. Ez 18:7, 18:12, 18:16.
II. גזל (√ of foll., mng. dub.; acc. to F1:NHWB i. 433 onomatop., cf. جَزلُ Frey crassa vox, vox columbi, v. also Frä:115).
† גוֹזָל n.m. Dt 32:11 young of birds (Syr. ܙܽܘܓܰܠ cf. Ar. جَوْزَلُ)—:וְתֹר וְגוֹזָֽל Gn 15:2 pigeon; גּוֹוָלָיו Dt 32:11 eaglet (suff. ref. to נֶשֶׁר).
גזם (cut off, NH id., Eth. gazana: cf. Ar. جَزَمَ [= Aram. ܓܙܰܡ]; or possibly جَذَمَ [= Aram. ܕܓܰܡ]).
† גָּזָם n.m.:Am 4:9 locusts (coll.)—abs. גָּזָם Jo 1:4, 2:25, Am 4:9; —always as devouring, devastating, Jo 1:4 (‖אַרְבֶּה, יֶלֶק, חָסִיל) 2:25 (‖ id.); Am 4:9 alone: your gardens and your vineyards, and your fig-tres and your olive-trees יאֹכַל הַגָּזָם.
† גַּזָּם n.pr.m. head of a family of returned exiles בְּנֵי ג׳ Ezr 2:48 = Ne 7:51.
גזע (√ of foll., cf. Ar. جَزَعَ cut off, & Eth. gaz9a: saw in two).
† [גֶּ֫זַע] n.m.:Jb 14:8 stock, stem (NH id., cf. Syr. غُوزعْا stem, trunk)—cstr. גֶּזַע Is 11:1; sf. גִּזְעוֹ Jb 14:8, גִּזְעָם Is 40:24; —stock, stem of a tree Jb 14:8 (‖שֹׁרֶשׁ); fig. ישׁי ג׳ ‘stem of Jesse’ Is 11:1 (‖שֹׁרֶשׁ); שֹׁרֵשׁ בָּאָרֶץ ג׳ Is 40:24 (‖נטע, זרע).
† גָּזַר vb. cut, divide (Ar. جَزَرَ, NH גָּזַר cut, determine, circumcise; Eth. gazara: Aram. גְּזַר, ܓܙܰܪ)—Qal Pf. גָּזַר Hb 3:17; Impf. רַיִּגְזֹר Is 9:19; 2 ms. תִּגְזַר Jb 22:28; וַיִּגְזְרוּ 2 K 6:4; Pt. act. גֹּזֵר Ps 136:13; —
1. divide, cut in two, sq. acc. 1 K 3:25 (לִשְׁנָ֑יִם ג׳) cf. v:26 (obj. not expressed).
2. divide the Red Sea (acc.) Ps 136:13 sq. לִגְזָרִים.
3. cut down הָעֵחִים 2 K 6:4.
4. cut off (piece of meat to eat, but obj. not expr. ‖אכל) Is 9:19.
5. cut off, i.e. destroy, exterminate Hb 3:17 (c. acc.; indef. subj.), sq. מִן loc.
6. decree (Aramaism, cf. B Aram.) Jb 22:28 c. acc. Niph. Pf. נִגְזַר 2 Ch. 26:21, Est 2:1, נִגְזָ֑רְתִּי La 3:24, נִגְזָ֑רוּ Ps 88:6, נִגְזַרְנוּ Ez 37:11, Is 53:8; —1. be cut off, separate, excluded from (מִן) temple 2 Ch 26:21, from (מִן) Yahweh's hand Ps 88:5 (of the slain), from (מִן) the land of the living Is 53:8 (of the suffering servant of י׳). 2. be cut off = destroyed La 3:54, Ez 37:11. 3. be decreed, Est 2:1 sq. עַל against (cf. Qal 6).
†I. [גֶּ֫זֶר] n.[m.] part, only pl. הַגְּזָרִים Gn 15:17 of halves of animals; גְּזָרִים Ps 136:13 of divided portions of Red Sea.
†II. גֶּ֫זֶר n.pr.loc. (portion) Levitical city on border of Ephraim Jos 10:33, 12:12, 21:21, 1 K 9:16, 1 Ch 6:52, 7:28, 20:4; גָּ֑זֶר Jos 16:3, 16:10, Ju 1:29, 1:29 cf. 2 S 5:25, 1 K 9:15, 9:17; c. ה—ָ loc. גָּ֑זְרָה 1 Ch 14:16; —cuneiform Gazri, Bez:Tell el-Amarna Tabl. BM. 148; mod. Tell-Jezer, c. 18 m. N. of W. fr. Jerus., S. of the Jaffa road; Gann in PEF:1873, 78 f.; 1875, 74 f. cf. Bd:Pal 17.
† גִּזְרִי adj. gent. 2 S 27:8 Qr (Kt והגרזי) cf. Dr.
† גְּזֵרָה n.f. separation—אֶל־אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָָה Lv 16:22 (P) unto a land of separation, of the goat for Azazel; solitary land RV; ‘cut off,’ i.e. whence it would not readily find its ways back VB.
† גִּזְרָה n.f. cutting, separation—גִּוְרָה Ez 41:12 + 6 t.; sf. גִּזְרָתָם La 4:7; —
1. cutting, i.e. polishing (AV RV or carving, i.e. beauty of from, shape, cf. VB) סַפִּיר גִּזְרָתָם La 4:7; their polishing, (or beauty of form) was as sapphire.
2. separation, הַגִּזְרָה Ez 41:12, 41:13, 41:14, 41:15, 42:1, 42:10, 42:13, separate place AV RV cf. Da; i.e. yard, or space adjoining temple on three sides.
† [מַגְזֵרָה] n.f. cutting instrument, axe—2 S 12:31 of David's treatment of captives, וַיָּשֶׂם וּבְמַגְזְרוֹת הַבַּרְוֶל בַּמְּגֵרָה .
גֵחֲזִי v. sub גַּיְא p. 161
גֹּ֫חִי v. [גִּיחַ, גּוֹחַ]. p. 161
גחל (prob. = kindle, burn).
† גַּחֶ֫לֶת n.f.:Ex 1:13 coal (cf. As. guḫlu, a shining precious stone? COT:Gloss Zim:BP 45)—abs. גַּחֶלֶת Is 47:14; sf. גַּחַלְתִּי 2 S 14:7; pl. גֶּחָלִים Ps 18:9 + 6 t.; cstr. גַּחֲלֵי Lv 16:12 + 5 t. + Ps 18:14 (del. LXX De Che); sf. גֶּחָלָיו Is 44:19, גֶּחָלֶיהָ Ez 24:11; —coal, pl. אֵשׁ ג׳ coals of fire Lv 16:12 (P), 2 S 22:13 = Ps 18:13 [also Ps 18:14 cf. supr.] Ez 10:2 (in vision); cf. 2 S 22:9 = Ps 18:9, Jb 41:13, also Pr 6:28, Is 44:19; in simile (of strife) Pr 26:21 (opp. פֶּחָם black coal); Ez 1:13 גַּחֲלֵי אֵשׁ (of the living creatures); fig. of hope in posterity 2 S 14:7, of divine judgement, רתם ג׳ coals of broom-plant Ps 120:4, cf. 140:11, also (negat.) Is 47:14, Ez 24:11; of kindness to enemy Pr 25:22.
גחם (? cf. Ar. جَحَمَ kindle, جَحِمَ, جَحُمَ burn).
† גַּ֫חַם n.pr.m. (flame ?) Gn 22:24 a son of Nahor, brother of Abraham, by רְאוּמָה his concubine.
גחן (cf. Aram. גְּחַן, Nasar. ܓܚܰܢ (Syr. ܓܗܰܢ PS) curve, bend).
† גָּחוֹן n.m. belly, of reptiles (cf. perh. As. giḫinnu, cord (from twisting ?) Zim:BP 104)—גְּחֹנְךָ Gn 3:14 (J) of the serpent, cf. גָּחוֹן Lv 11:42 (P).
גחר (? cf. Ar. جَحَرَ retire, retreat, etc.)
† גַּ֫חַר n.pr.m. head of family of returned exiles Ezr 2:47 בְּנֵי־ג׳ = Ne 7:49 בְּנֵי־נָ֑חַר.
† גַּיְא n.m. Is 40:4 (f.:Zc 14:4) valley—abs. גַּיְא Nu 21:20 + 8 t. + 1 S 17:52 (cf. infr.), גָּ֑יְא 1 Ch 4:39, גֵּיא Zc 14:4, גֶּיא Is 40:4, גַּי Dt 34:6 + 2 t.; cstr. גֵּיא Is 22:1 + 21 t.; גֵּי Jos 15:8 + 13 t.; pl. abs. גֵּאָיוֹת Ez 31:12, 36:4, 36:6 + 7:16 32:5 (del. Co) + 6:3 2 K 2:16 Qr (so Co Ez 6:3; Kt גיאות); sf. גֵּיאוֹתֶיךָ Ez 35:8; —valley Jos 8:11 (E) Mi 1:6, 1 S 17:3, 2 K 2:16 (opp. הַר) Is 40:4 (opp. גִּבְעָה, הַר), Ez 6:3, 35:8, 36:4, 36:6 (in all c. גבעות אפיקים, הרים), 31:12 (opp. הַר), cf. 7:16 (del. B Co) 32:5; specif., valley in Moab, a station of Isr. Nu 21:20 (E); over against Beth-Peor Dt 3:29, 4:46, 34:6; a valley near גְּדוֹר 1 Ch 4:39; חִזָּיוֹן ג׳ Is 22:1, 22:5 near Jerus.; שְׁמָנִים ג׳ Is 28:1, 28:4 valley of fatness, fertility, the valley surrounding Samaria; שַׁעַר הַגּ׳ 2 Ch 26:9, Ne 2:13, 2:15, 3:13; apocalyptic valley Zc 14:4, made by cleaving Mt. of Olives, cf. הרים ג׳ v:5, v:5; valley of slaughter ההרגה ג׳, a future name of valley of Hinnom Je 7:32, 19:6, 1 S 17:52 (גַּיְא) LXX rds. גַּת cf. We Dr; Je 2:23 of valley of Hinnom, v. infr.; fig. Ps 23:4 חלמות ג׳ cf. חלמות; Ez 39:11 הָעֹבְרִים ג׳, Co הָעֲבָרִים n.pr. cf. infr.; elsewhere in combination with n.pr.:—a. יִפְתַּח־אֵל ג׳ Jos 19:14, 19:27 perh. = Jotapata Jos:BJ iii. 7, 7; Rabbin. גופתתא Reland:Pal 816;—Tell Jefât Rob:BR iii. 107. Guêrin:Gal. i. 476 f. cf. Bd:Pal 243. b. הַצְּבֹעִים ג׳ 1 S 13:18. c. ־הַמֶּלַךְג׳ 2 K 14:7 (Kt; Qr om. art.) 1 Ch 18:12, 2 Ch 25:11 = ־מֶלַךְג׳ 2 S 8:13, Ps 60:2 (title); S. of Dead Sea, in or bordering on Edom; el-Ghôr Rob:BR ii. 109. d. הֶחָרָשִׁים ג׳ 1 Ch 4:14, Ne 11:35, appar. near Lod & Ono, NW. of Jerus., not far from the sea. e. חְפַ֖תַָה לְמָרֵשָׁה ג׳ 2 Ch 14:9 (? rd. חָפֹנַה, LXX κατὰ βορρᾶν, to the north of M.) prob. near the great plain of Judah, W. of Jerus., toward the sea; הָעֹבְרִים ג׳ Ez 39:11, E. of Dead Sea (Hi Sm), Co rds. הָעֲבָרִים ג׳ f. name to be changed to הֲמוֹן־גּוֹג ג׳ Ez 39:11, 39:15. Most frequently g. גֵּי הִנֹּם Jos 15:8, 18:16, Ne 11:30, גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם Jos 15:8, 18:16, 2 K 23:10 Qr (Kt גי בני ה׳) 2 Ch 28:3, 33:6, Je 7:31, 7:32, 19:2, 19:6, 32:35; valley SW. & S. of Jerus. (Rob:BR ii. 273 f.), where incense was burned, and children were offered in sacrifice to ‘Molech.’ Others identify with the Tyropæon valley, cf. RS:Sem. i. 353; vid. further הִנֹּם, תֹּפֶת.
† גֵּיחֲזִי, גֵּחֲזִי n.pr.m. (valley of vision?) servant of Elisha, גֵּיחֲזִי 2 K 4:12, 4:14, 4:25, 4:27, 4:29, 4:36, 5:20, 5:21; גֵּחֲזִי 2 K 4:31, 5:25, 8:4, 8:5.
גיד (√ of foll.; mng. dub.; ? cf. As gâdu, bind, fetter, Jäger:BAS i. 589f.)
† גִּיד n.m.:Gn 32:33 sinew (NH id., Aram. גִּידָא, ܓܳܕܳܐ; cf. Ar. جِيدُ neck)—cstr. גִּיד Gn 32:33, 32:33, Is 48:4; pl. גִּידִים Jb 10:11, Ez 37:6, גִּדִים Ez 37:8; cstr. גִּידֵי Jb 40:17; —sinew, in general of human body, ‖בשׂר, עור, עחמות, Jb 10:11 cf. Ez 37:6, 37:8 of thigh Gn 32:33 (of beast) v:33; iron sinew, fig. of obstinacy, Is 48:4 בַּרְזֶל עָרְפֶָּךָ וּמִחְחֲךָ נְחוּשָׁה וג׳; of hippopot., פחדו ג׳, i.e. of his loins, Jb 40:17.
† [גִּיחַ, גּוּחַ] vb. burst forth (cf. Nö:ZMG 1883, 538; NH id., Aram. id., and ܓܳܚ; Eth. goh.a: break forth, of light, etc.)—Qal Impf. יָגִיחַ Jb 40:23, ms. וַתָּ֫גַח Ez 32:2; Imv. fs. גֹּ֫חִי Mi 4:10; Inf. sf. גִיחו(בְּ) Jb 38:8; Pt. sf. גֹּחִ֫י Ps 22:10 (but cf. infr.);—
1. intrans. burst forth, of dashing river (a very Jordan) Jb 40:23; of sea fig. as babe from womb Jb 38:8, cf.
2. trans. a. draw forth from womb (subj. י׳) Ps 22:10 (where rd. גָּחִ֫י pt. fr. גּוּחַ, or regard גֹּחִי as metapl., as if fr. גחךְ ? v. De & Che:crit. note) cf. Ps 71:6; also b. thrust forth, bring forth, fig. of travail, applied to Jerusalem in distress Mi 4:10 (cf. Sta:§ 599 b Kö:i. 505); burst forth with rivers (fig. of Pharaoh under image of תַּנִּים) Ez 32:2, but for בנהרותיך (rivers) rd. prob. בִּנְחִרוֹתֶיךָ Jb 41:12 (nostrils), i.e. snort with thy nostrils, so Ew Co; on fig. then cf. Jb 41:11–13.
† גִּיחַ n.pr.loc. (fr. a spring?) near Gibeon in Benjamin 2 S 2:24.
† גִּיחוֹן n.pr.fl. (a bursting forth)—
1. one of the rivers of Eden Gn 2:13 (on theories of identity v. Comm.; also Smith:Dict. Bible Schaff-Herzog:Art. Eden Spurrell:Text of Gen. ad loc. Ri:HWB).
2. spring of water near Jerusalem: גִּחוֹן 1 K 1:33, 1:38, 1:45, מֵימֵי גִיחוֹן הָעֶלְיוֹן 2 Ch 32:30, לְגִיחוֹן בַּנַּחַל 2 Ch 33:14; —there are two main theories as to locality: a. W. of Jerusalem, connected with Birket Mamilla, and aqueduct into city Rob:BR i. 239, 345 ff. Survey:Jerusalem al.; b. E. of Jerusalem = Fountain of the Virgin, Furrer:Schenkel BL ii. 483 Bd:Pal 101, or Siloah water-system Guthe:ZPV, v., 1882, 359 ff.
גֵּיחֲזִי v. sub גַּיְא. p. 161
† [גִּיל] vb. rejoice (Nö:ZMG 1883, 537; cf. Ar. جَالَ go round or about, be excited to levity, etc.)—Qal Pf. גַּלְתִּי Is 65:19; Impf. יָגִיל, תָּגִיל Ps 21:2 + 4 t. (Ps 21:2 Kt יגיל, Qr יָ֫גֶל with retracted tone); יָגֵל, תָּגֵל Ps 13:6 + 11 t., וַיָּגֶל Ps 16:9, אָגִילָה, נָגִילָה Ps 9:15 + 5 t., יָגִילוּ Ps 13:5 + 5 t., יְגִילוּן Ps 89:17, תָּגֵלְנָה Ps 48:12 + 2 t.; יָגִו֯ל Pr 23:24; Imv. גִּילוּ Ps 2:11 + 4 t., גִּילִי Is 49:13 + 2 t.;—
1. rejoice, a. abs. Ps 13:5, 51:10, Zc 9:9; ‖שׂמח Ps 14:7, 16:9, 32:11, 48:12, 53:7, 96:11, 97:1, 97:8, Pr 23:24, 23:25, 1 Ch 16:31, Hb 1:15; ‖שׂושׂ, שׂישׂ Is 35:1, 65:18. b. c. בְּ Ps 149:2, Pr 2:14, 24:17, Is 9:2; בירושׁלם Is 65:19, 66:10; בישׁועתך Ps 9:15, 13:6, 21:2; ביהוה Ps 35:9, Is 41:16, Zc 10:7; באלהים Is 61:10, Hb 3:18; בשׁם י׳ Ps 89:17; בקדושׁ ישׂראל Is 29:19; גיל ושׂמח ב׳ Ps 31:8, 118:24, Ct 1:4, Is 25:9, Jo 2:23; גילי ושׂמחי כ׳ Jo 2:21. c. with עַל Zp 3:17. Besides persons the subj. is לֵב Ps 13:6, Pr 24:17, Zc 10:7; נפשׁ Ps 35:9, Is 61:10, כבוד ( = נפשׁ) Ps 16:9, ארץ 1 Ch 16:31, Ps 96:11, 97:1, Is 49:13, ערבה Is 35:1, 35:2.
2. tremble (cf. Ar. وَجِلَ) Ps 2:11 ‖עבד (Thes Ew Hi Che, but LXX Hu De Pe AV RV rejoice), Ho 10:5 ‖אבל (Thes and most mod., but AV RV that rejoiced over it), possibly error for חיל Ew Gr Che.
†I. גִּיל n.[m.] rejoicing—Jb 3:22 + 6 t., גִּו֯ל Pr 23:24; sf. גִּילִי Ps 43:4; —rejoicing Ps 65:13, Pr 23:24; ‖שׂמחה Ps 45:16, Is 16:10, Je 48:33, Jo 1:16, שִׂמְחַת גִילִי Ps 43:4, שׂמח אל גיל glad unto rejoicing Ho 9:1, Jb 3:22.
†II. [גִּיל] n.[m.] circle, age, מן הילדים אשׁר כְּ גִלְכֶם of the youths which are of your age Dn 1:10 (cf. Ar. ج يلُ Sam. גיל = Heb. דור = γενεά, Talm. בן גילו one born at the same time, a contemporary).
† גִּילָה n.f. rejoicing Is 65:18, גִּילַת וְרַנֵּן Is 35:2 (nom. verbal. for Inf. abs. cf. De Di; cstr. before וְ Ges:§ 130. 2; but rd. prob. גִּילָה); הַגִּילָה read Is 9:2 for הַגּוֹי לאֹ by Krochm Che RS Di.
† גִּלֽה n.pr.loc. city in mountains of Judah Jos 15:51, 2 S 15:12; (on √ cf. Dr 2 S 15:12.)
† גִּילֽנִי adj. gent. 2 S 15:12, 23:34 = 1 Ch 11:36, where also rd. הַגּ׳ (for MT הַפְּלֽנִי).
גִּיגַת v. sub גנן. p. 171
גיר (boil, boil up? cf. Aram. גִּיר wave, NH id. foam; Ar. جَيَّارُ quicklime, also heat in chest from rage or hunger (Lane); admodum aestuans acc. to Fl NHWB:i. 433 b; but cf. infr.)
† גִּר n.[m.] chalk, lime (perh. Aram. loan-word cf. Frä:9; Aram. (also B Aram.) גִּיר ܓܺܝܪܳܐ; Ar. جَيْرُ is loan-wd. Frä:l.c.)—מִזְבֵּחַ כְּאַבְנֵי גִר Is 27:9.
† [גֵּיר] n.m. 2 Ch 2:16 v. גֵּר sub I. גור. p. 158
† גישׁ Jb 7:5 Kt, v. גּוּשׁ p. 159
† גֵּישָׁן n.pr.m. a descendant of Judah through Caleb 1 Ch 2:47.
גַּל, גֵּל, גֹּל v. sub גלל p. 164
גלב ( = shear, shave, As. [galâbu] Hpt:SFG; Aram. גְּלַב id., גְּלָב razor; cf. ܓܰܠܳܒܳܐ 2 S 20:8 v. PS).
† [גַּלָּב] n.[m.] barber (Ph. גלב CIS:i, 257 ff.)—Ez 5:1 תַּעַר הַגַּלָּבִים.
† גִּלְבֹּעַ n.pr.loc. Gilboaï (derivation unknown), mountain-ridge at S.E. end of plain of Jezreel, where Saul & Jonathan were killed; usually c. art. הַר הַגּ׳ 1 S 31:1, 31:8, 2 S 1:6; הָרֵי בַּגִּלְבֹּעַ 2 S 1:21 (David's lament); בַּגּ׳ alone 1 S 28:4, 2 S 21:12; without art. הַר גִּלְבֹּעַ 1 Ch 10:1, 10:8 (‖ 1 S 31:1, 31:8 supr.);—mod. Jebel Fuḳûï‘a Bd:Pal 244.
גַּלְגַּל, גִּלְגָּל, גֻּלְגֹּלֶת v. sub גלל. p. 165f
גלד (√ of foll. mng. dub. perh. cf. Eth. galad: obducere, inducere; Ar. جَلَدَ scourge).
† [גֶּ֫לֶד] n.m. skin (Ar. جِلْدُ, Aram. גִּלְדָּא, ܓܶܠܕܳܐ) of man Jb 16:15 שַׂק תָּפַרְתִּי עֲלֵי גִלְדִָּי.
גָּלָה:189 vb. uncover, remove (NH id., cf. Ar. جَلَا be or become clear, uncovered; display, reveal, declare; go forth, emigrate; cf. Eth galawa: obducere, velare, & II. galaya: in deriv. (rare) Di:1141; Aram. גְּלָא, ܓܠܳܐ reveal)—Qal:51 Pf. ג׳ etc. 1 S 4:21 + (18 t. in all); Impf. יִגְלֶה 1 S 20:2 + 5 t., וַיִּ֫גֶֽל 2 K 17:23 + 3 t., also juss. יִ֫גֶל Jb 20:28, 36:15; 3 mpl. יִגְלוּ Am 6:7; Imv. ms. גְּלֵה Ez 12:3; Inf. abs. גָּלהֹ Am 5:5 + 2 t., cstr. גְּלוֹת Ju 18:30, Je 1:3; Pt. גּוֹלֶה 2 K 24:14, גֹּלֶה 1 S 22:8 + 3 t., f. גּוֹלָה Is 49:21; pass. גָּלוּי Est 3:14 + 2 t., cstr. גְּלוּי Nu 24:4, 24:16; —
1. גָּלָה אֹזֶן uncover the ear of one, i.e. reveal to him 1 S 9:15, 20:2, 20:12, 20:13, 22:8, 22:8, 22:17, 2 S 7:27, 1 Ch 17:25, Ru 4:4, Jb 33:16, 36:10, 36:15; גְּלוּי עינים uncovered of eyes, having the eyes open Nu 24:4, 24:16; גָּלָה סוֹד reveal a secret Am 3:7, Pr 20:19; הגלוי the revealed opp. הֶחָתוּם Je 32:11; גָּלוּי לְ disclosed, published Est 3:14, 8:13.
2. intr. remove, depart, גלה משׂושׂ הארץ the mirth of the land is departed Is 24:11; יגל יבול ביתו the increase of his house shall depart Jb 20:28; גלה חחיר Pr 27:25.
3. go into exile Ju 18:30, 2 K 17:23, 25:21, Is 5:13, Je 1:3, 52:27, Ez 12:3, 39:23, Am 1:5, 5:5, 6:7, 7:11, 7:17, Mi 1:16, La 1:3; גלה כבוד 1 S 4:21, 4:22, Ho 10:5; pt. גֹּלָה an exile 2 S 15:19, 2 K 24:14, Is 49:21, Am 6:7. Niph. Pf. נִגְלָה 1 S 3:21 + 9 t., נִגְלָתָה Is 53:1, נִגְלֵתִי 1 S 2:27, נִגְלוּGn 35:7 + 2 t., נִגְלִינוּ 1 S 14:8; Impf. יִגָּלֶה, תִּגָּלֶה 1 S 3:7 + 4 t., תִּגָּל Is 47:3, יִגָּלוּ 2 S 22:16 + 2 t.; Imv. הִגָּלוּ Is 49:9; Inf. abs. נִגְלֽה1 S 2:27; cstr. נִגְלוֹת 2 S 6:20, הִגָּלוֹת 2 S 6:20 + 2 t.; Pt. pl. נִגְלֽת Dt 29:28; —1. refl. a. uncover oneself (one's nakedness) 2 S 6:20. b. discover or shew oneself Is 49:9, אֶל 1 S 14:8, 14:11. c. reveal himself (of God), אֶל Gn 35:7 (E) 1 S 2:27 3:21, באזני Is 22:14. 2. pass. a. be uncovered (one's nakedness), ערוה Ex 20:26 (E) Is 47:3, Ez 16:36, 23:29, שׁולים Je 13:22. b. be disclosed, discovered, foundations 2 S 22:16 (= Ps 18:16) Ez 13:14; gates of death Jb 38:17, עוןHo 7:1, פשׁע Ez 21:29, רעה Pr 26:26, Ez 16:57. c. be revealed כבוד י׳ Is 40:5, זרוע י׳ Is 53:1, דבר י׳ 1 S 3:7, חדקה Is 56:1; with לְ Is 23:1, Dn 10:1, הַנִּגְלֽת the things revealed Dt 29:28. 3. be removed, דּוֹרִי נִסַּע וְנִגְלָה מִנִּי my habitation is plucked up and removed from me Is 38:12. Pi.:56 Pf. גִּלָּהLv 20:11, גִּלִּית Is 57:8, גִּלֵּיתִיJe 33:6; Impf. יְגַלָּה Dt 23:1, תְּגַל Pr 25:9; Imv. גַּל Ps 119:18, גַּלִּי Is 47:2; Inf. גַּלּוֹת Lv 18:6; Pt. מְגַלֶּה Jb 12:22; —1. uncover, a. nakedness (oft = contract marriage, RSLag:GN 1882, 408; JPh ix. 94) Lv 18:6–19 20:11–21 (H 23 t.) Ez 22:10; cf. כנף אביו Dt 23:1, 27:20; of exposure, as a reproach, Ez 16:37, 23:10, cf. נבלת Ho 2:12, שׁולים Na 3:5; immodesty Ez 23:18, מקור דמיה Lv 20:18 (H), תזנותיה Ez 23:18; ג׳ alone Is 57:8 (all subj. fem.) b. in gen.: feet Ru 3:4, 3:7, leg Is 47:2, vail v:2 (i.e. remove it) cf. 22:8, פני לבושׁו Jb 41:5, eyes Nu 22:31 (E) Ps 119:18 (open them so as to see). 2. disclose, discover, lay bare, secret places Je 49:10, deep places Jb 12:22, foundations Mi 1:6, blood Is 26:21, iniquity Jb 20:27, secret Pr 11:13, 25:9, a wanderer (betray) Is 16:3. 3. make known, shew, reveal, רִיב אֶל make known a cause unto Je 11:20, 20:12; with לְ Jb 33:6; גִּלָּה חִדְקָתוֹ לעיני shew his righteousness in the eyes of Ps 98:2; with עָל:על עון , על חטאת make known concerning, iniquity, sin La 2:14, 4:22. Pu. Pf. גֻּלְּתָה be uncovered Na 2:8; Pt. תּוֹכַחַת מְגֻלָּה open rebuke Pr 27:5. Hiph.:39 Pf. הֶגְלָה 2 K 17:11 +, הִגְלָה 2 K 24:14, הֶגְלָם 1 Ch 8:7, הִגְלָם Je 20:4; Impf. וַיֶּגֶל 2 K 17:6 + 3 t.; sf. וַיַּגְלֶהָ 2 K 16:9, וַיַּגְלֵם 2 K 15:29, 1 Ch 5:26, יַגְלוּם 1 Ch 8:6: Inf. הַגְלוֹת 1 Ch 5:41 + 5 t., בַּגְלוֹתוֹ Je 27:20; —carry away into exile, take into exile 2 K 15:29, 16:9, 17:6, 17:11, 17:26, 17:27, 17:28, 17:33, 18:11, 24:14, 24:15, 25:11, 1 Ch 5:6, 5:26, 5:41, 8:6, 8:7, 2 Ch 36:20, Ezr 2:1, Ne 7:6, Est 2:6, Je 20:4, 22:12, 24:1, 27:20, 29:1, 29:4, 29:7, 29:14, 39:9, 43:3, 52:15, 52:28, 52:29, 52:30, La 4:22, Ez 39:28, Am 1:6, 5:27. Hoph. Pf. הָגְלָה Est 2:6; f. הָגְלְתָה Est 2:6, הָגְלוּ 1 Ch 9:1, Je 40:7, הָגְלָתJe 13:19, 13:19 (Ges:§ 75, R. 1); Pt. pass. מֻגְלִים Je 40:1 carried into exile. Hithp. 1. Impf. וַיִּתְגַּל was uncovered (naked) Gn 9:21. 2. Inf. בְּהִתְגַּלּוֹת לִבּוֹ that his heart may reveal itself Pr 18:2.
† גּוֹלָה:42 n.f. exiles, exile—(cf. Ar. جَالِن one emigrating, جَالِيَةُ a company of exiles)—Je 28:6 + 38 t., גֹּלָה Is 49:21, 1 Ch 5:22, Est 2:6, Na 3:10; —
1. coll. exiles, Est 2:6, Je 29:1, Ez 1:1, 3:11, 3:15, 11:24, 11:25, Na 3:10; כל־הגולה Je 28:6 29:4, 29:20, 29:31, קהל הגולה Ezr 10:8.
2. abstract, exile, Ezr 6:21, 9:4, 10:6, Zc 6:10; הלך בגולה go into exile Je 48:11, 49:3, Ez 12:11, 25:3, Am 1:15; יחא בג׳ Je 29:16, 48:7, Zc 14:2; הוליך גולה carry into exile 2 K 24:15, הביא ג׳ 2 K 24:16, הוחיא ג׳ Ez 12:4, העלה ג׳ Ezr 1:11; כלי גולה equipment for exile Je 46:19 Ez 12:3, 12:4, 12:7; עד הגלה until the exile 1 Ch 5:22; בני הגולה exiles Ezr 4:1, 6:19, 6:20, 8:35, 10:7, 10:16; שׁבי הגולה capitivity of the exile Ezr 2:1, Ne 7:6.
† גָּלוּת n.f. exile—Is 20:4 + 9 t.; גָּלֻת Ob:20, Ob:20; sf. גָּלוּתִי Is 45:13, גָּלוּתֵינוּ Ez 33:21, 40:1 (Qames unchangeable);—
1. abs. exile, 2 K 25:27, Je 52:31, Ez 1:2, 33:21, 40:1, Am 1:6, 1:9, Ob:20, Ob:20.
2. coll. exiles, גלות כושׁ Is 20:4, גלות יהודה Je 24:5, 28:4, 29:22, 40:1, גלותי ישׁלח he shall let my exiles (Yahweh's) go free Is 45:13; vid. Lag:Arm. Stud. § 445.
† גִּלָּיוֹן n.m. table, tablet (Talm. גִּלְיוֹן, the empty margin of page or roll, vid. Lag:GN 1881, 403, cf. BN 199)—קַח־לְךָ גִּלָּיוֹן גָּדוֹל וּכְתֹב עָלָיו take thee a great tablet and write upon it Is 8:1; pl. הַגִּלְיֹנִים tablets of polished metal, mirrors Is 3:23 Targum Vulgate Ges Che Di De; but transparent garments, gauzes, LXX Ew (cf. Ar. جَلْوَةُ fine garment).
† גָּלְיַת n.pr.m. (conspicuous ? On ending ת cf. Dr 1 S 17:4 & Nö in Eut:Nab 73) (גָּלְיָת 1 Ch 20:5) Philistine giant slain by David 1 S 17:4, 17:23, 21:10, 22:10, but acc. to 2 S 21:19 slain by Elhanan of Bethlehem (בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי; acc to 1 Ch 20:5 Elhanan slew לַחְמִי brother of Goliath).
† יָגְלִי n.pr.m. (led into exile?) chief of tribe of Dan Nu 34:22.
† גִּלהֹ n.pr.loc. v. sub גיל. p. 162
† גֻּלָּה v. sub גלל. p. 165
† [גָּלַח] vb. be bald (Ar. جَلِحَ); Pi. shave, shave off (so NH, Aram.)—Pf. וְגִלַּח consec. Lv 14:8 + 2 t.; sf. וְגִלְּחוֹ consec. 2 S 14:26; 3 fs. וְגִלְּחָה consec. Dt 21:12; Impf. יְגַלַּח Lv 14:9, Is 7:20, יְגַָלֵּחַ Lv 13:33 + 2 t., וַיְגַלַּח Gn 41:14, 2 S 10:4; sf. (3 ms.) יְגַלְּחֶגּוּ, וַיְגַלְּחֵם1 Ch 19:4; 3 fs. וַתְּנַלַּךְ Ju 16:19; 3 mpl. יְגַלֵָּחוּ Lv 21:5, Ez 44:20; Inf. sf. of subj. גַּלְּחוֹ 2 S 14:26; —
1. shave, obj. the head, ראֹשׁ Nu 6:9, 6:9, 6:18 (P) Dt 21:12 (hair as containing impurity, cf. RS:Sem i. 407), 2 S 14:26, 14:26 cf.; 14:26, Ez 44:20; Lv 13:33 (P), obj. הַנֶתֶק; obj. persons 1 Ch 19:4.
2. shave off, the hair שֵׂעָר Lv 14:8, 14:9, 14:9 (P) cf. Ju 16:19; the beard זָקָן Lv 21:5 (H) 2 S 10:4.
3. fig. of devastation by Assyrians Is 7:20 (obj. הָראֹשׁ, שַׂעַר הָרַגְלָָיִם and הַזָּקָן).
4. intrans. he shaved (himself) Gn 41:14 (E). Pu. Pf. גֻּלָָּח Ju 16:22, גֻּלַּחְתִּי Ju 16:17; Pt. cstr. מְגֻלְּחֵי Je 41:5 ;—be shaven, subj. pers. (of Samson) Ju 16:17, 16:22; מְגֻלְּחֵי זָקָן Je 41:5. Hithp. Pf. וְהִתְגַּלָָּח consec. Lv 13:33; Inf. sf. הִתְגַּלְּחוֹ Nu 6:19; —shave oneself Lv 13:33; c. acc. אֶת־נִזְרוֹ Nu 6:19 (both P).
I. גלל (جَلُّ be great in rank or dignity (often of God)).
† I. [גָּלָל] n.[m.] account, only in cstr. st. with בְּ, בִּגְלַל on account of, for the sake of (جَلَلُ a great and momentous matter; مِن جَلَلِكَ on thy account; cf. מִן בִּגְלַל דְּ because that in Palestinian Targum, as Ps 4:9, and ܓܠܰܠ in Jerus. Syriac PS:731) Gn 39:5 י׳ blessed the house of the Egyptian בִּגְלַל יוֹסֵף on account of Joseph, Dt 15:10, 18:12, 1 K 14:16, Je 11:17, 15:4; with sf. בִּגְלָלֶָךָ Gn 30:27; בִּגְלָלֵח 12:13; בִּגְלַלְכֶם Dt 1:37, Mi 3:12.
† II. [גָּלַל] vb. roll, roll away (NH id., & deriv.; Aram. Pa. גַּלֵּל, Palp. גַּלְגֵּיל roll, Ithpalp. reflex., & deriv.; cf. ܓܰܠ Ethp., Ethpalp. (v. PS), ܓܺܓܰܠ rota, ܓܰܠܠܳܐ fluctus, etc.)—Qal Pf. 1 s. גַּלּוֹתִי Jos 5:9, וְגָֽלֲלוּ consec. Gn 29:3, 29:8; Imv. גֹּל Ps 22:9 (MT De; but LXX Bi Che rd. גַּל 3 ms. pf., so AV RVm) Pr 16:3, גּוֹל Ps 37:5, גַּל 119:22 (but rd. גֹּל Ew Hi Ri Gr Che), גֹּלּוּ Jos 10:18, 1 S 14:33; Pt. גֹּלֵל Pr 26:27; —roll a stone Pr 26:27; roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) the mouth of a well Gn 29:3, 29:8; roll stones unto (אֶל) the mouth of a cave Jos 10:18; stone unto (אֶל) Saul, at which to slay beasts 1 S 14:33; fig. reproach from upon (מֵעַל) the people Jos 5:9 (subj. י׳), cf. Ps 119:22 (sq. מֵעַל); but also דַּרְכֶָּךָ גּוֹל עַל־י׳ Ps 37:5, cf. 22:9, Pr 16:3 (both sq. אֶל־). Niph. Pf. וְנָגֹלּוּ consec. Is 34:4; Impf. וְיִגַּל (juss.) Am 5:24; —roll, roll up or along (intrans.), וְנָגֹלּוּ כַסֵּפֶר הַשָּׁמַיִם Is 34:4 and the heavens shall roll up like a book; יִגַּל כַּמַּיִם מִשְׁפָּט Am 5:24 let judgement roll along (flow down) as the waters. Pilp. Pf. וְגִלְגַּלְתִּיךָ consec. Je 51:25 and I will roll thee down from (מִן) the rocks (subj. י׳; obj. Babylon under fig. of mt.) Pōï‘al Pt. שִׂמְלָה מְגוֹלָלָה בְדָמִים Is 9:4 garment rolled (dabbled, rolled over and over) in blood. Hithpo. Inf. לְהִתְגֹּלֵל Gn 43:8; Pt. מִתְגֹּלֵל 2 S 20:12; rol oneself over and over, בַּדָּם וַעֲמָשָׂא מִתְג׳ 2 S 20:12 now Amasa was wallowing in his blood; fig. Gn 43:18 עָלֵינוּ לְהִתְג׳ to roll himself upon us, i.e. assail us with overwhelming force (‖וּלְהִתְנַפֵּל עָלֵינוּ). Hithpalp. Pf. הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ Jb 30:14 (abs.; ‖כְּפֶרֶץ רָחָב יֶאֱתָָיוּ) cf. Hithpo. Gn 43:8. Hiph. Impf. וַיָּ֫גֶל Gn 29:10; —roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) mouth of well; as Qal (which it really is, Impf. in i, acc. to Ba:ZMG 1888, 178).
† גַּל n.m.:Gn 31:48 heap, wave, billow (as rolled together, rolling, rolling up), also spring, MT Ct 4:12 cf. 3 infr.—abs. גַּל Jb 8:17 + 5 t. (incl. הַגַּל Gn 31:48 +); גָּ֑ל Gn 31:46; הַגָּ֑ל Gn 31:46; לַגָּ֑ל Is. 25:2; cstr. גַּל־ Jos 7:26 + 2t. + Gn 31:47, 31:48 q.v. infr.; pl. גַּלִּים 2 K 19:25 + 6 t.; cstr. גַּלֵּי־ Is 48:18; sf. גַּלָּיו Ps 89:10 + 6 t.; גַּלֵּיהֶם Ps 65:8 + 2 t.;—
1. heap of stones, a. אבנים ג׳ raised (הקים) over dead body Jos 7:26, 8:29; cf. 2 S 18:17 (c. הִצִּיב). b. גַּל alone Jb 8:17 (roots wrapped about it). c. heap or pile made (עשׂה) for use in ratifying compact of Jacob with Laban Gn 31:46, 31:46, 31:48, 31:51, 38:52, 31:52, 31:52 cf. also גַּלְעֵד n.pr. d. heap of ruins Is 25:2; elsewhere pl. Ho 12:12, 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:26, Jb 15:28, Jer. 9:10, 51:37.
2. waves (rollers) poet., only pl., waves of sea Je 5:22, 31:35, Is 51:15, Jb 38:11, Ps 65:8, 89:10, 107:25, 107:29; cf. also in simile Ez 26:3, Is 48:18 (גַּלֵּי־הַיָּם); fig. of chastisements from י׳ Ps 42:8 (‖מִשְׁבָּרִים) Jon 2:3 (‖ id.); of army of Babylon's conqueror Je 51:42, 51:55; cf. Zc 10:11 (VB; but Bev:JPh xviii. 88 prop. גִּבְלִים cf. Ez 27:9).
3. spring, Ct 4:12 גַּן נָעוּל אֲחוֹתִי כַּלָָּה גַּל נָעוּל מַעְיָן חָתוּם a garden barred (is) my sister, bride, a spring barred, a fountain sealed; but גַּן for גַּל LXX SyrVer Vulgate.
† גַּלִּים n.pr.loc. (heaps);—place N. of Jerus. 1 S 25:44; personified as בַּת־גִ׳ Is 10:30.
† גַּלְעֵד n.pr.loc. (witness-pile) name of pile of stones erected by Jacob and his company (Kit:Gesch. 129; by Laban We Di) Gn 31:47, 31:48 (v. גַּל 1 c) appar. intended to explain גִּלְעָד q.v.; Di conj. also (as name of altar) Jos 22:34 (cf. SyrVer).
† [גֵּל] n.[m.] dung (ball of dung, Ar. جِلَّةُ etc., dung of camels etc., cf. Aram. גַּלָּא; on form v. Ew:§ 255 b Ol:§ 150. 163)—sf. גֶּלֲלוֹ Jb 20:7, pl. cstr. הָאָדָם (חֵאַת) גֶּלֲלֵי Ez 4:12, 4:15; —human dung used as fuel Ez 4:12, 4:15 הָאָדָם (חֵאַת) ג׳; perh. also Jb 20:7, but cf. Di, who thinks no ref. to fuel, & De who thinks of cattle-dung; (v. on Ar. word Wetzst in De).—See also II. גָּלָל.
גֹּל, גֻּלָּהּ v. גֻּלָּה. below
† גֻּלָּה n.f. basin, bowl—ג׳ Zc 4:3 + v:2 cf. infr.; cstr. גֻּלַּת Ec 12:6; pl. abs. גֻּלּֽת Jos 15:19, 15:19 + 2 t.; ־וֹת 2 Ch 4:12; cstr. גֻּלּֽת (־וֹת) 1 K 7:41 (הַגּ׳ Th, so ‖ 2 Ch 4:12 cf. Be), v:41 + 3 t.;—
1. basin (pool, well ?) מַיִם ג׳ Jos 15:19 = Ju 1:15; om. מ׳ Jos 15:19, 15:19 = Ju 1:15, 1:15 (prob. old n.pr.loc., cf. Di).
2. bowl, a. of lamp, i.e. oil-receptacle Zc 4:3, also v:2, where MT גֻּלָּהּ as if fr. [גֹּל]; rd. גֻּלָּה Brd Ges:§ 91. 1, R. 2; (> Hi-St Bö:§ 734 b De on Ps 27:5 Sta:§ 347 c, who think גֻּלָּהּ = גֻּלָּתָהּ);—so also Ec 12:6 גֻּלַּת הַזָּהָב b. of bowl- or globe-shaped portion of capitals of the two pillars in temple 1 K 7:41, 7:41, 7:42 = 2 Ch 4:12, 4:12, 4:13.
† II. גָּלָל n.[m.] dung (Ar. جَلَّةُ), הַגּ׳ 1 K 14:10.—See also [גֵּל]. above
† III. גָּלָל n.pr.m. of two Levites;—
1. 1 Ch 9:15.
† גִּלֲלִי n.pr.m. a Levitical musician Ne 12:36.
† I. [גָּלִיל] adj. turning, folding (= revolving), pl. גְּלִילִים of leaves of doors 1 K 6:34, 6:34.
† II. גָּלִיל n.m. cylinder, rod, circuit, district;—
1. cylinder, rod, only pl. cstr. גְּלִילֵי כֶסֶף Est 1:6 of support of rich hangings (‖עַמּוּדֵי שֵׁשׁ); & גְּלִילֵי זָהָב מְמֻלָּאִים בַּתַּרְשִׁישׁ Ct 5:14, sim. of (? fingers of) hands: cylinders of gold set with topaz.
2. circuit, district, on northern border of Israel in Naphtali (v. infr.), population largely heathen (NH id. Aram. גְּלִילָא, ܓܠܺܝܠܳܐ)—גְּלִיל הַגּוֹיִם Is 8:23; elsewhere = n.pr.loc. always c. art. Jos 20:7, 21:32, 1 Ch 6:61 all קֶדֶשׁ בַּגּ׳; אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ 1 K 9:11, so also LXX Jos 12:23 (cf. Di) for גִּלְגַּל q.v.—See also גְּלִילָה ad fin.
† גְּלִילָה n.f. circuit, boundary, territory—ג׳ Ez 47:8, 2 K 15:29; pl. cstr. גְּלִילוֹת Jos 13:2, 22:10, 22:11, Jo 4:4 ;—belonging to a people בָּל־גְּלִילוֹת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּים Jos 13:2 cf. Jo 4:4 (פְּ לָָשֶׁת כֹּל ג׳); so הַיַּרְדֵּן ג׳ Jos 22:10, 22:11 acc. to some, but v. foll.; abs. Ez 47:8 הַקַּדְמוֹנָה הַגּ׳; as n.pr.loc. 2 K 15:29 Galilee, LXX Γαλιλαια (‖כֹּל אֶרֶץ נַפְתָּלִי) cf. II. גָּלִיל.
† גְּלִילוֹת n.pr.loc. (strictly pl. of foreg.; prob. = circles of stones, Vulgate tumuli, cf. Di)
1. Jos 18:17 (cf. הַגִּלְגָּל 15:7), place on border between Benj. & Judah.
2. locality described as follows: a. הַיַּרְדֵּן אֲשֶׁר בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן אֶל־ג׳ Jos 22:10 unto Geliloth (= the circles) of Jordan which is in the land of Canaan; (LXX Γαλγαλα, LXXL Γαλιλωθ). b. אֶל־מוּל אֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן אֶל־גְּלִילוֹת הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶל־עֵבֶר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל v:11 in front of the land of Canaan, in Geliloth of Jordan, beyond the sons of Israel (LXX Γαλααδ, LXXL om.) v. Di; yet cf. Dr:Intr. 106 n. Others render ג׳ here circuit of Jordan = כִּכַּר הַיַּרְדֵּן; districts VB, cf. גְּלִילָה.
† [גִּלּוּל] n.m.:Je 50:27 only pl. idols (= logs, blocks, shapeless things Ges Baud:Rel i. 95; Ew doll-images > dungy things Sm Ez 6:4 SS after Rabb.)—גִּלּוּלִים Ez 22:8 + 3 t. + Ez 30:13 (del B Co); גִּלֻּלִים 1 K 15:12 + 2 t.; cstr. גִּלּוּלֵי Ez 8:10 + 6 t.; גִּלּוּלַיִח Ez 22:4; גִּלּוּלָיו 2 K 21:11 + 4 t.; גִּלּוּלֶיהָ Je 50:2; יכֶם—ֵ Lv 26:30 + 7 t.; יכֶן—ֵ Ez 23:49; יהֶם—ֵ Ez 6:9 + 14 t. + Ez 6:5 (del BA al Co); יהֶן—ֵ Ez 23:37 ;—idols (39 t. Ez);—1 K 15:12, 2 K 17:12, 21:21, Ez 6:5 (del Co) v:9, 6:13, 6:13, 14:4, 14:5, 18:6, 18:15, 20:16, 20:24, 20:39, 23:37, 23:39, 23:49, 33:25, 44:10, 44:12; ‖שִׁקּוּחִים Dt 29:16, 2 K 23:24 (‖ also תְּרָפִים), Ez 20:7, 20:18 (both c. vb. טמא) v:8, 37:23, cf. also 8:10 (שֶׁקֶץ, but שִׁקּוּחִים appar. LXX SyrVer Targum & so Co); ‖תּוֹעֵבָה Ez 14:6, 2 K 21:11, cf. Ez 18:12, 16:36 (גִּלּוּלֵי תוֹעֲבוֹתַיִח), & 1 K 21:26 (where vb. תָּעַב); ‖טֻמְאוֹת Ez 36:25; ‖מִכְשׁוֹל עֲוֹנוֹ Ez 14:3, 14:4, 14:7; ‖עֲחַבִּים Je 50:2; ‖אֱלִילִים Ez 30:13 (Co אילים; cf. also supr.); ‖חַמָּן Ez 6:4, 6:6, Lv 26:30 (cf. infr.); ‖תְּרָפִים 2 K 23:24 (supr.); in phr. טִמֵּא בְּגִלּ׳ etc. Ez 20:7, 20:18, 20:31, 22:3, 22:4, 23:7, 23:30, 36:18 (del Co); תְּחַלְּלוּ בְגִלּ׳ Ez 20:39; —note especially the expression וְנָתַתִּי פִּגְרֵיכֶם עַל־פִּגְרֵי גִלּוּלֵיכֶם Lv 26:30 and I will lay your carcases upon the carcases of your idols.
† גַּלְגַּל n.m.:Ec 12:6 wheel, whirl, whirlwind (on format. cf. Ba:NB 204)—abs. ג׳ Ez 10:2 + 7 t.; גַּלְגַּ֑ל Ps 83:14; pl. c. sf. גַּלְגִּלָּיו Is 5:28, Je 47:3; —
1. wheel, a. of war-chariot Is 5:28, Je 47:3, also coll. Ez 23:24, 26:10; perh. also in Ezekiel's vision Ez 10:2, 10:6, 10:13 (cf. wheelwork) but cf. infr. b. for drawing water Ec 12:6.
2. a. whirl (of dust or chaff) Ps 83:14, Is 17:13, sim. of foes put to flight by God. b. perh. whirling of wheels Ez 10:2, 10:6, 10:13 Sm RV, but cf. supr. c. whirlwind Ps 77:19.
† I. [גִּלְגָּל] n.[m.] wheel (on format. cf. Ba:NB 204) of cart, גִּלְגַּל עֶגְלָתוֹ Is 28:28.
† II. גִּלְגָּל n.pr.loc. (= (sacred) circle of stones; cf. Di on Jos 5:9, where word-play on roll away, off)—c. art. exc. Jos 5:9, 12:23; —
1. place E. of Jericho, where Isr. lay encamped Jos 4:19, 4:20, 5:9, 5:10, 9:6, 10:7, 10:9, 14:6 cf. also Mi 6:5 & Ju 3:19 הַפְּסִילִים אֲשֶׁר אֶת־הַגּ׳;? mod. Tell Jeljul Bd:Pal 169; perh. also the place where sacrifices were offered 1 S 10:8, 11:14, 11:15, 11:15, 13:4, 13:7, 13:8, 13:12, 13:15 (in v:15 ins. also c. other words, Dr cf. We) 15:12, 15:21, 15:33; place of illicit sacrifice Ho 4:15, 9:15, 12:12, Am 4:4, 5:5, 5:5, named also Ju 2:1, 1 S 7:16, 2 S 19:16, 19:41; ? = בֵּית הַגִּלְגָּל Ne 12:29.
2. place on border between Judah & Benjamin Jos 15:17 (= גְּלִילוֹת 18:17 cf. Di).
3. place in N. Isr., dwelling of prophets 2 K 2:1, 4:38, mod. Jiljilie S. from Nâbulus, SW. from Seilûn (Shiloh) cf. Di Ri:HWB 518.
4. place in N. Isr. near Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal Dt 11:30, identif. with 3 by Ke Ri:HWB 518 Schenkel:BL SS; but cf. Di.
5. in phr. מֶלֶךְ גּוֹיִם לְגִּלְגָּל Jos 12:23, in list of Canaanitish kings; prob. name of a (northern) district cf. Di (B βασιλέα Γεεὶ τῆς Γαλιλαίας—but LXXL & Codd. Γοειμ τῆς Γελγελ); Di comp. Is. 8:23.
† גֻּלְגֹּ֫לֶת n. f. skull, head, poll (person) (on format. cf. Ba:NB 205; Aram. גּוּלְגַּלְתָּא)—abs. ג׳ 2 K 9:35 + 3 t.; sf. גֻּלְגָּלְתּוֹ Ju 9:53, 1 Ch 10:10; pl. sf. גֻּלְגְּלֽתָם Nu 1:2 + 5 t.;—
1. skull, as broken by a stone Ju 9:53; as severed from body 2 K 9:35, 1 Ch 10:10.
2. head, poll (in counting, taxing, etc.; only P and late) עֹמֶר לַגּ׳ Ex 16:16 an omer for every man; cf. 38:26, Nu 1:2, 1:18, 1:20, 1:22, 3:47, 1 Ch 23:3, 23:24.
† מְגִלָּה n.f. roll (writing, book; late)—מ׳ Je 36:28 + 16 t.; cstr. מְגִלַּת־ Ps 40:8 + 3 t.;—roll of writing, book מְגִלַּת־סֵפֶר Je 36:2, 36:4, Ez 2:9, Ps 40:8; מ׳ alone Je 36:6, 36:14, 36:14, 36:20, 36:21, 36:23, 36:25, 36:27, 36:28, 36:28, 36:29, 36:32, Ez 3:1, 3:2, 3:3, Zc 5:1, 5:2.
† [גָּלַם] vb. wrap up, fold, fold together (NH id., Aram. in deriv.)—Qal Impf. וַיִּגְלֽם 2 K 2:8 וַיִּקַּח אֵלִיָּהוּ אֶת־אַדַּרְתּוֹ וַיִּגְלֽם.
† [גְּלוֹם] n. [m.] wrapping, garment (Aram. גְּלִימָא, ܓܠܺܝܡܳܐ = Pers. glym acc. to Fl Ch WB:i. 143 SFrä:LOPh. i. (1883–4) 410), בִּגְלוֹמֵי תְּכֵלֶתבְִּג_למֱֵי תֲּכֵלֶת Ez 27:24.
† [גֹּ֫לֶם] n.[m.] embryo (NH גּוֹלֶךָ, Aram. גּוֹלְמָא, unfinished vessel), גָּלְמִי רָאוּ עֵינֶיךָ Ps 139:16 mine imperfect substance (RV) did thine eyes see.
† גַּלְמוּד adj. hard, barren (NH id. lonely NHWB; Ar. جَلْمَدُ rock, جَلْمَدَةُ stony (of land); Aram. גַּלְמוּדָה cf. Ba:NB 208)—ג׳ Jb 3:7 + 2 t. Jb; f. גַּלְמוּדָה Is 49:21; —hard, barren, unproductive, mostly fig.: Jb 15:34 of company of wicked men, where prob. a subst. v. De Di; Jb 30:3 through want and famine (they are) stiff (lifeless; RV gaunt); of exiled Zion as bereaved and barren woman Is 49:21; so of night of Job's birth Jb 3:7.
† [גָּלַע] vb. expose, lay bare (NH Pi. disclose, make known; cf. Ar. جَلَعَ (Frey) a. exuit (vestem), removit (praeputium); جُلُوعُ nuda fuit (femina); b. جَلِعَ patuit (os) labiis non tegentibus dentes; impudica fuit (mulier); comp. also Syr. ܓܠܘܥ circumcise (in Lexx.); Eth. gal9: cortex, crusta, testa; Gr:Monatsschr. 1884, 24 f.; Schult Thes De Pr 17:14 Fl in De, Now Str & most der. Heb. mng. from Ar. b; shew the teeth, then snarl, quarrel (cf. Ar. conj. III), but v. Gr:l. c.)—Hithp. Pf. הִתְגַּלַּע Pr 17:14; Impf. יִתְגַּלָָּע Pr 18:1, 20:3; —disclose oneself, break out, Pr 17:14 subj. רִיב; break or burst out in contention, strife Pr. 20:3 subj. כָּל־אֱוִיל; similarly 18:1 (sq. בְּ against; Gr:l. c. prop. יִלְעַג or יַלְעִיג).
גַּלְעֵד v. sub II. גלל. p. 165
† גִּלְעָד n.pr.loc. of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, E. of Jordan (cf. Ar. جَلْعَدُ durus, fortis Frey, so Thes; Hi:Gesch. Isr. 26 comp. same √ used of camel (جَلْعَادُ camelus robustus ac firmus, cf. Hom:NS 144), whence camel hump, orig. name of mt.)—ג׳ Gn 37:25 + 79 t. (mostly as n.pr.m. and in combin. with other n.pr.loc. cf. infr.); הַגּ׳ Gn 31:21 + 50 t. (so usually as name of mt. and land); גִּלְעָ֫דָה Nu 32:39, 1 Ch 27:21; הִגְּלְעָ֫דָה 2 S 24:6; —Gilead, used of territory between the Arnon and the Jabboḳ, mod. Belḳa; also of that between the Jabboḳ and the Jarmuk, mod. Jebel Ajlûn; also of the entire E. Jordan land occupied by Israel, including both the parts just named (cf. Di Gn 31:54 Stu Ju 10:4; Bd:Pal 178; also L. Oliphant:Land of Gilead, 1880);—
1. territory S. of Jabboḳ, a. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Nu 32:29 (P), אֶרֶץ ג׳ v:1 (JE), both connected with Reuben and Gad; so חֲחִי הַר הַגּ׳ Dt 3:12; אֶרֶץ ג׳ also 1 Ch 5:9 (of Reuben); 1 K 4:19 (of Sihon and Og); cf. אֶרֶץ גַּד וְג׳ 1 S 13:7; further, b. הַגּ׳ alone, Ju 10:17 (or possibly here name of city ?), 11:29 (prob.); also 1 Ch 5:10 (of Reuben) v:16 (of Gad); cf. חֲחִי וְעַד יַבֹּק הַגּ׳ Jos 12:2 (of Sihon), so v:5 (both D); c. similarly ג׳ alone (without art.) in poet. Ps 60:9 (‖ Manasseh) = 108:9; but also in prose in phrases שָׂרֵי ג׳ Ju 10:18, ישְׁבֵי ג׳ v:18, 11:8, זִקְנֵי ג׳ Ju 11:5, 11:7, 11:8, 11:9, 11:10, 11:11, אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ Ju 12:4, 12:4, 12:5; cf. also d. עָרֵי הַגּ׳ Nu 32:26 (JE; of Reuben and Gad); so of Jephthah's burial-place Ju 12:7; even כָּל־עָרֵי הַגּ׳ Jos 13:25 (P; of Gad); besides these, or particular cities, esp. רָאמֹת בַּגּ׳ Dt 4:43 (of Gad); cf. רָאמוֹת בַּגּ׳ Jos 20:8 (P), 1 Ch 6:65 (of Gad), and רָמֹת בַּגּ׳ Jos 21:38 (P); usually רָמֹת ג׳ 1 K 4:13, 22:3, 22:4, 22:6, 22:12, 22:15, 22:20, 22:29 = 2 Ch 18:2, 18:3, 18:5, 18:11, 18:14, 18:19, 18:28, 2 K 8:28, 9:1, 9:4, 9:14, 2 Ch 22:5; also מִחְפֵּה ג׳ Ju 11:29, 11:29; further יַעְזֵיר ג׳ 1 Ch 26:31.
2. Northern Gilead, a. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Jos 17:5, 17:6 (JE; of Manasseh) cf. Ju 10:4, 1 Ch 2:22 (both of Jair); הַר הַגּ׳ Gn 31:21, 31:23, 31:25 (E); prob. also הַר ג׳ (no art.) Ct 4:1 (cf. 6:5 infr.). b. הַגּ׳ alone Nu 32:40 (JE; of Machir) Jos 17:1 (JE; id.) cf. 13:11 (D) Dt 2:36, 1 K 4:13 (of Jair); Dt 3:15, 3:16 (boundary of Reuben and Gad); prob. also Ct 6:5 (cf. 4:1 supr.); cf. יֶתֶר הַגּ׳ Dt 3:13; & חֲחִי הַגּ׳ Jos 13:31 (P; of Machir); הַגִּלְעָ֫דָה 2 S 24:6 (prob.); cf. also c. ג׳ (no art.) prob. Je 8:22, 46:11 (in both ref. to חֳרִי balm, prob. from the wooded Northern Gilead); similarly 22:6; and גִּלְעָ֫דָה 1 Ch 27:21 also Nu 32:39 (JE; of Machir). d. in combination יָבֵשׁ ג׳ (city) Ju 21:8, 21:9, 21:10, 21:12, 21:14, 1 S 11:1, 11:9 (‖יָבֵשׁ alone) 31:11 (‖ id.) = 1 Ch 10:11 2 S 2:4, 2:5, 21:12; perh. also תִּשְׁבֵּה ג׳(מִ) 1 K 17:1 (emend., after LXX, Ew Th al. see VB);—cf. further sub 6. n.pr.m. infr.—Ju 7:3 וְיִחְפֹּר מֵהַר הַגּ׳ and let him depart from Mt. Gilead, appar. belongs here, but מֵהַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ is read by Cler Hi Gr Ke Be; against this cf. Stu Bu:RS 112.
3. more generally, of all Gilead, a. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ Jos 22:9, 22:13, 22:15, 22:32 (P; of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh; opp. land of Canaan); cf. 2 S 17:26; so כָּל־אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ 2 K 10:38. b. אֶרֶץ ג׳ (no art.) Zc 10:10; cf. הַר אֶפְרַיִם וְג׳ Je 50:19 (‖ Carmel and Bashan); ג׳ alone, also Gn 37:25; likewise Mi 7:14 (‖ Carmel & Bashan, reference to fertility). c. הַגּ׳ alone, of Isr. territ. in gen. E. of Jordan, Ju 10:8; cf. 2 S 2:9, 2 K 10:33 (of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh); כָּל־הַגּ׳ Dt 3:10; אֶת־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ אֶת־הַגּ׳ Dt 34:1; הַגּ׳ also in general sense Ez 47:18, 2 K 15:29 (?) Ob:19.
4. ג׳, name of a city Ho 6:8 (& Ju 10:17 ? cf. 1. a. supr.);—on the ruined cities Jilï‘âd, Jilï‘aud on the Jebel Jilï‘âd, N. of Es-Salṭ, and S. of Jabboḳ v. Di Gn 31:54 & reff.
5. אֶרֶץ הַגּ׳ of Israelites living E. of Jordan (as a whole) Ju 20:1; הַגּ׳ of people of Gilead Am 1:3, 1:13; so ג׳ Ju 5:17 (= גַּד), 12:4, 12:5 (‖אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ v:4, v:4, v:5) Ho 12:12. Cf. also גִּלְעָדִי infr.
6. treated as n.pr.m. a. ג׳, son of Machir & grandson of Manasseh Nu 26:29, 26:29, 26:30, 27:1, 36:1, Jos 17:3 (all P) 1 Ch 2:21, 2:23, 7:14, 7:17; once הַגּ׳ Jos 17:1 (JE) cf. Di;—ref. in all these to Northern Gilead. b. father of Jephthah Ju 11:1, 11:2; —ref. to Gad (cf. supr. esp. sub 5). c. 1 Ch 5:14 (a Gadite).
† גִּלְעָדִי adj. gent.;—
1. of גִּלְעָד 6 a. Nu 26:29.
2. of 5. Ju 11:1, 11:40, 12:7.
3. of ג׳ n.pr.loc. Ju 10:3, 2 S 17:27, 19:32, 1 K 2:7, Ezr 2:61 = Ne 7:63; cf. בְּנֵי גִלְעָדִים 2 K 15:25; —cf. also sub גִּלְעָד 5.
† [גָּלַשׁ] vb. sit, sit up, possibly also recline (cf. Ar. جَلَسَ sit up; so Thes De al. (not Ew))—only Qal Pf. גָּֽלִשׁוּ(שֶׁ) Ct 4:1, 6:5 שֶׁגָּלְֽשׁוּ גִּלְעָד (הר)מ of flocks of goats, in sim. of a woman's hair; construction & sense rather awkward.
גַּם v. sub גמם. p. 168
† [גָּמָא] vb. swallow (liquids), (NH id.; cf. Aram. גְּמָא, גְּמַע, ܓܡܰܥ; perh. cf. also Eth. gm9e: jar, vessel v. Di)—Pi. Impf. יְגַמֶּא־אֶרֶץ Jb 39:24 fig. of horse in swift gallop; (this, however, possibly denom. fr. גּוּמָּא NH, Aram. גּוּמְּתָא, ܓܽܘܡܬܳܐ pit, hollow, i.e. he makes [paws or stamps] hollows in the earth). Hiph. Imv. fs. sf. הַגְמִיאִינִי נָא מְעַט־מַיִם Gn 24:17 let me drink a little water, pray.
† גֹּ֫מֶא n.m.:Jb 8:11 rush, reed, papyrus (cf. Löw:p. 55) (NH גּוֹמֶא, Eth. gome9: loan-word, acc. to Di;—name from swallowing, sucking up, water? so Thes, cf. Che Is 18:2 al.; = Copt. gome, v. Di Ex 2:3 whence others der. as loan-word)—גֹּ֫מֶא Ex 2:3 + 3 t.;—rush, paper-reed, (Egypt.) Jb 8:11 (‖אָחוּ); coll. Is 35:7 (‖קָנֶה); as material, תֵּבַת ג׳ Ex 2:3 chest of paper-reed; כְּלֵי־ג׳ Is 18:2 vessels of paper-reed.
גמד (√ of foll.; cf. Ar. جَمَدَ congeal, become solid; be hard, stern; also cut, cut off; Aram. גְּמַד contract; Aph. be bold, daring).
† גֹּ֫מֶד n.m. cubit (fr. elbow to knuckles of clenched (contracted) hand; Aq on Ez 27:11, Ra al.; Gk. πυγμή; NH גּוֹמֶד cubit; so Aram. גַּרְמִידָא Ch WB:1. 155, ܓܰܪܡܺܕܳܐ (lexx.))—Ju 3:16 of Ehud's sword אָרְכָּהּ ג׳ (v. GFM).
† גַּמָּדִים n.pr.gent. Ez 27:11; valorous men Thes:Add. 79 Ew RV m; but n.pr. apparently needed; גּמדים not elsewhere; Lag:Onom. Sacr. 2, 95, 2nd ed. 367 prop. גמרים v. גֹּמֶר; < Co חמרים cf. Gn 10:18.
† גִּמְזוֹ n.pr.loc. (cf. Syr. ܓܽܘܡܺܙ (Lexx.) sycamore; Ar. جُمَّيْزُ is loan-wd. Frä:140; cf. As. n.pr.loc. Gamuzanu Pinches:Hbr. July, 1886, 222), city of Judah toward Philistines 2 Ch 28:18; mod. Jimzu, E. from Lydda Rob:BR ii. 249 Bd:Pal 21.
† גָּמַל vb. 1. deal fully or adequately with, deal out to. 2. wean. 3. ripen (As. gamâlu, deal with, benefit, e.g. VR 35:19; NH גָּמַל, Aram. גְּמַל; v. Palm. n.pr. אגמלא Vog:No. 124, Nab. n. pr. f. גמלת Vog.:Nab. sub No. 7; perh. orig. complete, accomplish, cogn. גמר;—Ar. جَمَلَ is collect, جَمُلَ be beautiful, goodly)—Qal Pf. Ps 13:6 +; Impf. יִגְמֹל Nu 17:23 +; Imv. גְּמֹל Ps 119:17; Inf. גָּמְלֵח, גָּמְלָהּ 1 S 1:23; Pt. גֹּמֵל Pr 11:17 +; pass. גָּמוּל Is 11:8; גָּמֻל Ps 131:2, 131:2; —
1. a. deal out to, do to, c. 2 acc. גְּמָלַתְהוּ טוֹב וְלאֹ רָע she doeth him good and not evil Pr 31:12; כִּי אַתָּה גְּמַלְתַּנִי הַטּוֹבָה וַאֲנִי גְּמַלְתִּיךָ הָֽרָעָה for thou hast done unto me the good but I have done unto thee the evil 1 S 24:18; do evil רע(ה) unto Gn 50:15, 50:17, Pr 3:30; c. לְ pers. Is 3:9; do good unto, 2 acc. Is 63:7, 63:7; cf. also גֹּמֵל נַפְשׁוֹ אִישׁ חֶסֶד Pr 11:17. b. with עַל pers. deal bountifully with Ps 13:6, 116:7, 119:17, 142:8; c. acc. pers. reward 2 S 22:21 (= Ps 18:21), perh. also לָמָּה יִגְמְלֵנִי הַגְּמוּלָה הַזּאֹת why should he reward me with this reward? 2 S 19:37. c. recompense, repay, requite, in a bad sense, with 2 acc. Ps 7:5; with לְ pers. Dt 32:6, Ps 137:8; with עַל pers. 2 Ch. 20:11, Ps 103:10, Jo 4:4.
2. wean a child (complete his nursing) 1 S 1:23, 1:23, 1:24, 1 K 11:20, Ho 1:8; גָּמוּל weaned child Ps 131:2, 131:2, Is 11:8; גְּמוּלֵי מֵחָלָב weaned from milk Is 28:9.
3. trans. ripen, bear ripe (almonds) Nu 17:23; intrans. become ripe (grapes) Is 18:5. Niph. Impf. יִגָּמֵל 1 S 1:22; וַיִּגָּמַָל Gn 21:8; Inf. הִגָּמֵל Gn 21:8; —be weaned.
† גְּמוּל n.m. dealing, recompence, benefit—ג׳ Ps 94:2 + 11 t.; sf. גְּמֻלְךָ Ob:15, etc.; pl. sf. גְּמוּלָיו Ps 103:2; —
1. גְּמוּל יָדַיִם dealing of the hands Ju 9:16, Pr 12:14 (יָשׁוּב לְ) Is 3:11 (יֵעָשֶׂה לְ).
2. dealing, hence (from context) equivalent of dealing, recompence: c. suff. Ob:15 גמלך ישׁוב בראשׁך, Jo 4:4, 4:7 (הֵשִׁיב), so with הֵשִׁיב לְ Ps 28:4; שִׁלֵּם לְ 137:8, Pr 19:17; absolutely גְּמוּל לְ (הֵשִׁיב) שִׁלֵם Is 59:18, 59:18, 66:6, Je 51:6, La 3:64; עַל Jo 4:4, Ps 94:2; Is 35:4 ג׳ אלהים the recompence of God.
3. benefit: אַל תשׁכחי כל גמוליו Ps 103:2; כגמול עליו according to the benefit (done) unto him 2 Ch 32:25
† גָּמוּל n.pr.m. (weaned) a chief of the Levites 1 Ch 24:17. Vid. also בֵּית גָּמוּל (Je 48:28).
† גְּמוּלָה n.f.:2 S 19:37 dealing, recompence—ג׳ 2 S 19:37 cf. גָּמַל; pl. גְּמוּלוֹת dealings Is 59:18; Je 51:56 אֵל גְּמֻלוֹת God of recompence.
† [תַּגְמוּל] n.m. benefit—pl. c. Aram. sf. כָּל־תַּגְמוּלוֹהִי עָלָי all his benefits unto me Ps 116:12.
† גַּמְלִיאֵל n.pr.m. (reward of God) a prince of Manasseh Nu 1:10, 2:20, 7:54, 7:59, 10:23, cf. Mishn. גמליאל, Palm. Vog:No. 124, LXX Γαμαλιήλ Acts 5:34.
† גָּמָל n. m. Gn 24:10 + 9 t., f. & m. Gn 32:16 (cf. infr.), camel (NH id. Ar. جَمَلُ (جَمْلُ), Eth. gmal: As. gammalu COT:Gloss Aram. גַּמְלָא, ܓܰܡܠܳܐ; Palm. Tariff pl. גמלין Reckendorf:ZMG 1888, 401; √גמל but mng. of √ dub.; Bo:Hieroz i. 73 der. fr. גמל requite, so Lag:BN 20, 49 (camel as μνησίκακος); v. also conject. in MV, Dl in Hpt:F. 70 Hpt:BAS i. 171; A. v. Kremer:Semit. Culturentlehn., 2, Hom:NS 144 ff.)—abs. גָּמָל Gn 24:64 + 7 t.; pl. גְּמַלִּים Gn 12:16 + 30 t.; cstr. גְּמַלֵּי Gn 24:10; sf. גְּמַלָּיךָ Gn 24:14 + 3 t.; גְּמַלָּיו Gn 24:20; גְּמַלֵּיהֶם Gn 37:25 + 6 t.;—camel,
1. as property (in Hex only J) Gn 12:16 (‖אתנות) 24:10, 24:35 (‖חמורים etc.) 30:43 (‖ id.) 32:8 (‖חאן, בקר) Ex 9:3 (Egyptian ‖סוסים, חמורים, בקר, חאן, etc.) Ju 6:5, 7:12, 1 S 15:3 (‖חמור etc.) 27:9, 1 Ch 5:21, 27:30 (all ‖ id.) 2 Ch 14:14 (‖חאן) Ezr 2:67 (‖סוסים, פרדים, חמורים) = Ne 7:68, Jb 1:3 (‖חאן, בקר, אתנות) cf. v:17, 42:12 (‖ id.) Je 49:29 (‖חאן) v:32, Zc 14:15 (‖סוס, חמור, פרד) [4 t. ‖סוס and other words, Ex 9:3 (Egyptians), Zc 14:15 (enemies of Israel), Ezr 2:67 = Ne 7:68 (returned exiles)].
2. as beasts of burden Gn 24:10 cf. v:11, v:14, v:19, v:20, v:22, v:30, v:31, v:32, v:32, v:44, v:46, v:46, 37:25 (all J), 1 K 10:2, 2 K 8:9, 1 Ch 12:41, 2 Ch 9:1, Is 30:6 (עַל־דַּבֶּשֶׁת ג׳), Is 60:6 (‖בִּכְרֵי מִדְיָן).
3. for riding Gn 24:61, 24:63, 24:64 (all J), 31:17, 31:34 (both E) 1 S 30:17, cf. also Ju 8:21, 8:26 and particularly Is 21:7 רֶכֶב גמל; a riding-company of camels i.e. a troop of camels with riders; נְרֵה גמלים an abode of camels, in prediction against Ammon Ez 25:5, (‖מִרְבַּץ חאן).
4. forbidden as food Lv 11:4 (P) Dt 14:7.
† גְּמַלִּי n.pr.m. a Danite Nu 13:12.
גמם (Ar. جَمَّ become much or abundant, جَمُّ abundance, much, جَمَّةُ collection (of water), company (of people)).
גַּם:768 adv. denoting addition, also, moreover, yea (Moab. id.:prob. akin to √ جَمَّ; cf. جَمَّا (accus.) in a mass, altogether)—
1. also, moreover, emphasizing sts. the thought of an entire sentence, but more usually the word immediately following, as Gn 3:6 וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּ and gave also to her husband, v:not found27 and take also of the tree of life, 7:3, 19:21, 24:19, 26:21, 29:27, 30:15, 32:21 ( גַּם הִגֵּה : so Est 7:9) 48:11, Ex 8:28, 12:32 b, Dt 1:37, 1 S 28:20, 2 S 11:12, 2 K 9:27, Is 7:13 +. Often before pronouns, Gn 4:4 וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם הוּא and Abel, he also brought, 20:5 וְהִיא־גַם־הִוא (so only here) and she herself also, v:6, 27:31 וַיַּעַשׂ גַּם הוּא, 30:8, Dt 3:20, Ju 3:31, 6:35, 9:19, 1 S 19:20–24 Je 12:6, 48:26 etc. (cf. MI:6 ויאמר גם הא): esp. in genealogies of J (Bu:Urg. 220) Gn 4:22, 4:26, 10:21, 19:38, 22:20, 22:24 cf. Ju 8:31. גַּם sq. pron. also begins a sentence with emph. in an elevated style, thou (they) also, Is 14:10, Je 12:6, 12:6, 48:7, Ez 16:52, Na 3:11, 3:11. After a pron. in an oblique case (Ges:§ 135, 2) Gn 27:34, 1 S 19:23, 2 S 17:5, Je 25:14, 27:7 +. וְגַם and also (more often than גַּם alone attaching a sentence) Gn 6:4, 14:16, 15:14, 17:16, 20:12, 24:14, 24:46, 30:6, 37:7, 38:24, 42:28, Ex 2:19, 3:9, 4:14, Jos 7:11 (5 t.) 1 S 4:17, 1 K 21:19 + oft.; with a negative = neither Ex 5:2, 34:3 al.—גַּם גַּם (like et et) both and Gn 44:16, 47:3, 47:19, Nu 18:3, Je 51:12, Ps 49:3 +: גַּם גַּם גַּם Gn 24:25, Ju 8:22, Ec 9:6: with a negative neither nor Nu 23:25, 1 S 20:27, 1 K 3:26, and (3 t.) Gn 43:8, Ex 4:10, 1 S 28:6. So (but seldom) וְגַם גַּם Gn 24:44, Ex 10:25 f. 1 S 2:26, 12:14, 26:25: with neg. 1 S 21:9.—N. B. In poetry independence and emphasis is sts. given by גַּם to a new idea, where in English we should be satisfied with and: Ps 107:5, 137:1, Jb 24:19, Ct 7:14, La 4:15.
2. with stress on a particular word, even, Ex 4:9, Nu 22:33 גַּם אוֹתְךָ even thee I had slain, and kept her alive, 2 S 17:10, Je 2:33, Ps 132:12, Pr 14:13 even in laughter the heart is sorrowful, v:20, 17:28, 20:11, Ru 2:15, Ne 3:35; and so often after כִּי, Dt 12:31 for even their sons they burn in the fire to their gods, 1 S 22:17, Is 26:12, Je 6:11, 12:6, 14:5, Ho 9:12 כִּי־גַם־אוֹי לָהֶם for even woe is it to them when I depart from them; הֲגַם †Gn 16:13, 1 S 10:11, 10:12 = 19:24, 1 K 17:20, Ps 78:20, Jb 41:1, Est 7:8. Other cases:—1 S 24:12 רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה see, yea see ! (but Hup:Qu. Job vi. גַּם רָאֹה: cf. infr.) Ps 118:11; Jb 2:10 גַּם אֶת־הַטּוֹב נְקַבֵּל shall we receive good (emph.) from God and not evil ? 21:7; interposed once between a subst. and adj. Gn 20:4 gentemne etiam justam interficies? emphasizing כֹּל, Dt 28:61, Ju 9:49 b, 1 S 22:7 גַּם־ לְכֻלְּכֶם to all (emph.) of you will he give ? 2 S 19:31 גַּם אֶת־הַכֹּל יִקָָּח yea, the whole let him take! Is 26:12; אֶחָד 2 S 17:12 b and we will not leave גַּם אֶחָד even one (similarly v:13 b), Ps 14:3 (= 53:4) אֵין גַּם אֶחָד; an inf. or cogn. accus. attached to a verb, † Gn 31:15, 46:4, Nu 11:15, 16:13, 1 S 1:6. גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם lit. even both i.e. the one as well as the other (Germ. alle beide) is said idiomatically, † Gn 27:45 (שְׁנֵיכֶם), Dt 22:22, 23:19, 1 S 25:43 (שְׁתֵּיהֶן), Pr 17:15, 20:10, 20:12, Ru 1:5.
3. introducing a climax, yea, esp. in a rhetorical style, Gn 27:33, Dt 23:3, 23:4, Ju 5:4, 5:4, Is 13:3, 14:8, 43:13 yea, from to-day I am the same, 44:12 גַּם רָעֵב yea, he is hungry, and has no strength, 47:3, 48:8, 48:8, 48:8, 57:7, Je 46:16, 48:2, 51:44, Ho 7:9, Ps 41:10, 84:7, 139:12; Is 66:8 כִּי־חָ֫לָה גַּם־יָֽלְדָה, חִיּוֹן אֶת־בָּנֶיהָ, Je 5:28, 12:2, Ez 24:5, Jb 21:7, Ct 8:1: emphasizing an extreme, or aggravated, case, yea, even, Is 49:15 yea, these may forgot, Je 8:17 yea, the stork knoweth, etc., Is 23:12 גַּם שָׁם even there no rest shall be for thee (so Ps 139:10), 49:25, 57:6, Je 23:11 b, Mal 3:15, Ps 84:4.
4. expressing correspondence, esp. in the matter of retribution (the גַּם correlativum), so frequently גַּם אֲנִי, גַּם אָנֹכִי I also (on my part): &md. Gn 20:6 I also [as well as thyself] know that thou hast done this innocently, Jos 24:18, Ju 2:21, 1 S 1:28 (cf. Dr) 28:22 גַּם אַתָּה thou also (as I have done v:21), 2 S 12:13 י׳ also [responding to thy confession] hath removed thy sin, 2 K 2:3, 2:5, Is 31:2, 66:3–4 (גם גם , emphasizing the action of both parties), Je 2:36, 4:12 now will I also [in correspondence with their deeds] speak judgments with them, 7:11, 51:49 (גם גם ), Ez 5:8, 5:11, 16:43 (וְגַם = therefore also), 23:35, Ho 4:6 because thou hast forgotten the direction of thy God, I also (on my part) will forget thy children, Ps 52:7 (thou lovest evil, etc.) גַּם אֵל יִתָּחְךָ God also (on his part) will pluck thee up, 71:22, 133:1, Pr 1:26, Jb 7:11, 12:3, 16:4; so וְגַם Ju 2:3, Am 4:6, 4:7, Mi 6:13, Mal 2:9. In the apodosis (uncommon): Gn 13:16 if a man could number the dust of the earth, גַּם זַרְעֲךָ יִמָּנֶה thy seed also should be numbered, Je 31:36, 31:37, 33:21, 33:26, Zc 8:6. The correspondence is sometimes of the nature of a climax: Gn 27:33, 30:8 I have wrestled, גַּם יָכֹלְתִּי (cf. 1 K 22:22 וְגַם תּוּכָ֔ל, Je 50:24), Is 66:8.
5. connecting two ideas which express (or imply) a contradiction, גַּם acquires sts. an adversative force (cf. אַף 1 end), yet, but, though: Ps 95:9 they tried me, but also (Che) saw my work (viz. of judgment), 129:2, Je 6:15 = 8:12, Ez 20:23, Ec 4:8, 4:16, 5:18, Ne 6:1. So וְגַם Ez 16:28, 20:15, Ec 3:13, 6:7, Ne 5:8.
6. גַּם כִּי (with impf.) yea, when La 3:8, even when Pr 22:6; yea though (stating an imagined case) Is 1:15, Ho 8:10, 9:16, Ps 23:4 (so גַּם אִם Ec 8:17); also (is it) that Ru 2:21 (v. כִּי 1 d). כִּי גַם = for even (v. supr. 2); = though even, although (conceding a fact) Ec 4:14 (v. De) 8:12.
† [מְגַמָּה] n.f. Hb 1:9 (of the Chaldaeans) מְגַמַּת פְּנֵיהֶם קָדִָימָה, of uncertain meaning: Ges the assembling of their faces is (directed) forwards; Ew De Ke eagerness, comparing (questionably) גָּמָא swallow Jb 39:4, and جَامَ (Freyt.) seek (whence St prop. מְגֻמַת). Text prob. erron.
גמץ (√ of foll., Aram. גְּמַץ dig (perh. denom.)).
† גּוּמָּץ n.m. pit (Aram. loan-wd., cf. גּוּמְחָא, ܓܽܘܡܨܳܐ; NH גּוּמָּחָא cf. Ba:NB 66, Anm.I), Ec 10:8 חֹפֵר בּוֹ יִפָּוֹל ג׳ he that diggeth a pit shall fall in to it; so also Pr 26:27 Targum SyrVer where HCT כֹּרֶה שַׁחַת .
† גָּמַר vb. end, come to an end, complete (only Psalm ) (NH id. complete; As gaâmru Lotz:TP.Register & deriv. COT:Gloss al.; Aram. גְּמַר, ܓܡܰܪ; Eth. 0agmara: (II); cf. also Ar. جَمَّرَ collect, assemble)—Qal Pf. גּ׳ Ps 12:2 77:9; Impf יִגְמֹר Ps 138:8; יִגְמָר־ Ps 7:10; Pt. גֹּמֵר Ps 57:3; —
1. come to an end, be no more Ps 7:10, 12:2 (‖ [פָּסַס]); 77:9 (‖אָפַס).
2. trans.bring to an end, complete, אֵל גֹּמֵר עָלָָי Ps 57:3 God that completeth, accomplisheth, for me (LXX Gr Bi גמל, & so Che doubtfully), יִגְמֹר בַּעֲדִי י׳ 138:8.
† גֹּ֫מָר n.pr. 1.m. a. son of Japhet Gn 10:2, 10:3 = 1 Ch 1:5, 1:6, Ez 38:6; Lag :Onom. Sacr. 2, 95, 2nd ed. 367, v. BN 77 prop. גמרים for גמדים Ez 27:11 q.v.; he identif. גֹּמֶר with Cappadocia (cf. Targum Ez 27:11, Kiep:Lb. d. alt. Geogr. 91) = Armen. Gamiṛ -χ (with pl. ending) v. also Lag:Arm. Stud. 32 § 448; cf. further As.Gimirrai, Schr:KG 157 ff. Dl:Pa 245 f. also Len:Or.ii. 1, 332 ff. 2. f. wife of Hosea, Ho 1:3.
† גְּמַרְיָ֫הוּ, גְּמַרְיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath accomplished)—
1. גמריהו son of Shaphan Je 36:10, 36:11, 36:12, 36:25.
2. גמריה son of Hilkiah Je 29:3.
גַּן, גַּגָּה v. sub גנן. p. 171
† [גָּנַב] vb. steal (NH id., Aram. גְּנַב, ܓܢܰܒ; Ar. جَنَبَ is hurt the side, or put aside, den. fr. جَنْبُ side)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. sf. גְּנָבַתּוּ Jb 21:18, 27:20, גְּנָבָ֫תַם Gn 31:22; 2 ms. גָּנַבְתּ Gn 31:30; 1 s. וְגָנַ֑בְתִּי consec. Pr 30:9 ; גָּנְֽבוּ Jos 7:11, 2 S 21:12 ; sf. גְּנָבוּךָ 2 S 19:42; Impf. יִגְנֹֽב־ Ex 21:37, יִגְנוֹב Pr 6:30, וַיִּגְנֹב Gn 31:20; 3 fs. וַתִּגְנֹב Gn 31:19 + 2 t.; 2 ms. תִּגְנֹב Ex 20:15 Dt 5:17, וַתִּגְנֹב Gn 31:26, 31:27, יִגְנְבוּ Ob:5 , תִּגְנֹ֑בוּ Lv 19:11, נִגְנֹב Gn 44:8; Inf. abs. גָּנֹב Ex 22:11 + 2 t.; Pt. גֹּנֵב Ex 21:16 + 2 t., גָּנוּב Gn 30:33; f. cstr. גְּנֻבְֽתִי Gn 31:39, 31:39; pl. גְּנוּבִים Pr 9:17; in Hexateuch always JED, exc. Lv 19:11 (H);—steal c. acc. rei Gn 31:19, 31:30, 31:32, 44:8, Ex 21:37, 2 S 21:12 cf. pass. Gn 30:33, 31:39, Pr 9:17; c. obj. pers. Ex 21:16, Dt 24:7, 2 S 19:42; = take by stealth (for good purpose) 2 K 11:2 = 2 Ch 22:11; abs. Ex 20:15 = Dt 5:17, Lv 19:11 Jos 7:11, Pr 6:30, 30:9, Ob:5, Zc 5:3, cf.Inf. abs. Ho 4:2, Je 7:9 & (c. Niph.) Ex 22:11; גנב לֵב = deceive Gn 31:20, 31:26 cf Di; אֹתִי ג׳ Gn 31:27 id.; of sudden sweeping off by storm, in simile Jb 21:18 fig. of destruction of wicked 27:20. Niph. be stolen, subj. rei גָּנֹב יִגָּנֵב Ex 22:11. Pi. steal away (trans.) וַיְגַגֵּב אבשׁלום את־לֵב 2 S 15:6; מְגַנְּבֵי דְּבָרַי Je 23:30. Pu. be stolen away subj. pers. גֻּנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי Gn 40:15; subj. rei וְגֻנַּב consec. Ex 22:6; be brought by stealth Jb 4:12. יְגֻנָּ֑ב. Hithp. go by stealth, steal away יִתְגַּנֵּב 2 S 19:4, וַיִּתְגַּנֵּב 2 S 19:4. (Syr. ܓܢܰܒ ܢܰܦܫܶܗ steal oneself away; so ܐܬܓܢܒ Gn 31:27.)
† גְּנֵבָה n.f. thing stolen (on format. cf. Ba:NB 161, 166)—גְּנֵבָה Ex 22:3 (an animal); בִּגְנֵבָתוֹ Ex 22:2, בְּ׳ pret. cf. Di.
† גַּנָּב n.m. Ex 22:1 thief—גַּנָּב Ex 22:1 + 12 t.; גַּנָּבִים Is 1:23 + 3 t.—thief that breaks in Ex 22:1, 22:6, 22:7 (JE); by window Jo 2:9 (in simile); thief as one who steals Is 1:23, Ps 50:18, Pr 6:30, 29:24, Je 2:26, 48:27, Ho 7:1 (‖גְּדוּד) Zc 5:4; coming by night Je 49:9 cf. Jb 24:14 (in simile), Ob:5 (‖שׁוֹדֲדֵי לַיְלָה); Jb 30:5; stealer of men (slave-dealer) Dt 24:7.
† גְּנֻבַת n.pr.m. (cf. Palm. גנבא Vog:No.137) son of Hadad the Edomite 1 K 11:20, 11:20 (on the ת, cf. Dr:§ N).
גנז (cover up, hide, cf. NH hide, Ar. جَنَزَ cover up, Aram. גְּנַז Ithpa, ܓܢܰܙ Ethp. be hidden, Eth. ganaza: enwrap).
† [גְּנָזִים] n.[m.] pl. 1. chests (?); 2. treasury—only pl. cstr. גִּנְזֵי;—
1. perh. chests of variegated cloth בְּרֹמִים ג׳ Ez 27:24 so Thes AV RV; Sm Co al. cloths, carpets, Ew Taschen.
2. treasury (NH גֶּנֶז, Aram. גִּנְזָא, גְּנִיז, BAram. cstr. pl. גִּנְזֵי; Pers. loan-word from ganojah treasure? cf. Vullers:ii.1032 Lag:Ges.Abh.27); גִּנְזֵי הַמֶּלֶח Est 3:9, 4:7.
† גַּנְזַךְ n.[m.] treasury (NH גנזכה treasure; loan-wd. fr. or through Pers. cf. supr. & Lag:Ges. Abh. 28); וְגַנְזַכָּיו 1 Ch 28:11. LXX τῶν ζακχὼ αὐτοῦ; but LXXL τῶν ἀποθηκῶν αὐτοῦ.
† [גָּנַן] vb. cover, surround, defend (Ar. جَنَّ, Aram. אַגֵּן (Aph.), Palm. אגן Vog:Palm.132 ff.)—Qal Pf וְגַנּוֹתִי Is 37:35 + 3 t.; Inf. abs. גָּנוֹן Is 31:5 (c. Hiph. q.v.)—defend, subj. always י׳; obj. the city Jerusalem c. על Is 37:35, 38:6 = 2 K 20:6, 2 K 19:34 c. אֶל־ (‖הוֹשִׁיעַ). Hiph. Impf.—or Qal acc. to Ba:ZMG 1889, 178, who comp. Ar. يَجِنَّ—יָגֵן Is 31:5 + 2 t.—defend (= Qal), Jerusalem Is 31:5 גָּנוֹן יגן c. על (‖הִצִּיל); obj. Yahweh's people Zc 9:15 c. על, 12:8 c. בְּעַד.
† גַּן n.m.:Ct 4:12 & (Gn 2:15) f. enclosure, garden (NH id., גַּנָּה Ar. جَنَّةُ, Eth. ganat: As.ginû COT:Gloss, also gannatu Dl:Pr 84; Aram. גִּנָּא, גִּנְתָּא, ܓܰܢܬܳܐ; Ph. פר אגנן אם חץ[ח] CIS:i, 165, 11 & p. 232 f. birds of enclosure (domestic fowls) or of wing)—abs. גַּן Gn 2:8 + 3 t.; cstr. id. Gn 2:15 + 19 t.; c. art. הַגָּן Gn 2:9 + 9 t., but כַּגַּן La 2:6; sf. גַּנִּי Ct 4:16, 5:1, גַּנּוֹ Ct 4:16, 6:2; Pl. גַּנִּים Ct 4:15 + 2 t.—garden as enclosure La 2:6 (simile); הַיּוֹשֶׁבֶת בַּגַּנִּים Ct 8:13; cf. Ct 4:12 (fig. of, bride גַּן נָעוּל); g. of herbs (יָרָק) Dt 11:10, 1 K 21:2; fig. of bride, g. of plants, fruits, and spices Ct 4:16, 4:16, 5:1, 6:2, 6:2 cf. מַעְיַן גנים Ct 4:15; g. of (king's) house) 2 K 21:18 = גַּן־עֻזָּא 2 K 21:18, 21:26; גַּן הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 K 25:4 Je 39:4, 52:7, Ne 3:l5, cf. בֵּית הַגָּן) 2 K 9:27 (at Jez-reel ? but this perhaps n.pr.loc. v. sub בית p. III ); most often of garden (orchard ?) in Eden (Hex only Gn & only J) Gn 2:8, 2:9, 2:10, 2:16, 3:1, 3:2, 3:3, 3:8, 3:8, 3:10, called גַּן־עֵדֶן Gn 2:15, 3:23, 3:24, Ez 36:35, Jo 2:3, cf. גן־י׳ Gn 13:10, Is 51:3 (both in simile); גן־אלהים Ez 28:13 (עֵדֶן גן־אל׳), 31:8, 31:8, 31:9 (‖עֵדֶן); in last three the trees of the garden are comp. with Assyrian under fig. of cedar of Lebanon.
† גַּנָּה n.f. garden (cf. foregoing)—גַּנָּה Is 1:30, 61:11; cstr. גִּנַּת Ct 6:11 + 3 t.; sf. גַּנָּתוֹ Jb 8:16; pl. גַּנֹּת Nu 24:6, גַּנּוֹת Ec 2:5 + 6 t.; sf. גַּנּוֹתֵיכֶם Am 4:9; garden, orchard, Am 4:9 (‖כֶּרֶם, תְּאֵנָה, זַיִת), 9:14 (fruit-garden; ‖כֶּרֶם), Je 29:5, 29:28, Ec 2:5 (‖פַּרְדֵּס), גִּנַּת אֱגוֹז Ct 6:11 nut-garden; cf. גִּנַּת־בִּיתָן Est 1:5, 7:7, 7:8; in simile, of prosperous Isr. Nu 24:6 (poem in JE; עֲלַינָהָרג׳), of chastised Isr. Is 1:30 (אשׁר מים אין לָהּ ג׳), of Yahweh's blessing Is 61:11; in Jb 8:16 עַל־גַּנּוֹ in fig. of prosperity of wicked, as a luxuriant plant; gardens as places of idolatrous worship Is 1:29 (‖אֵילִים), 65:3 (‖לְבֵנִים ), 66:17 (i.e. groves).
† גִּינַ֑ת n.pr.m. father of Tibni 1 K 16:21, 16:22.
† גִּנְּתוֹי Ne 12:4 = following.
† גִּנְּתוֹן n.pr.m. a priest among the returned exiles Ne 10:7, 12:16 cf. foregoing.
† מָגֵן n.m.:1 K 14:27, & f.:1 K 10:17, shield (Ar. مِجَنُّ, Aram. מְגִנָּא, ܡܓܶܢܳܐ)—מָגֵן Gn 15:1 + 33 t. (also cstr. Dt 33:29, Na 2:4); sf. מָגִנִּי Ps 7:11 + 5 t.; מָגִנֵּנוּ Ps 33:20 + 3 t.; מָגִנָּם Ps 115:9, 115:10, 115:11; pl. מָגִנִּים 1 K 10:17 + 6 t.; מָגִנּוֹת 2 Ch 23:9; cstr. מָגִנֵּי 1 K 14:26 + 4 t.; sf. מָגִנָּיו Jb 15:26; מָגִנֶּיהָ Ho 4:18; —shield, buckler, carried by warrior for defence Ju 5:8, 2 S 1:21, 1:21, 2 K 19:32 = Is 37:33, 1 Ch 5:18, 14:7, 17:17, 23:9, 26:14, 32:5, Ne 4:10, Ps 76:4, Je 46:3, 46:9, Ez 23:24, 38:4, 38:5, 39:9, Na 2:4, Is 22:6 cf. 21:5 (anoint the shield, to make it slippery), so also Ps 35:2 (where י׳ fig. as warrior); אִישׁ מָגֵן = armed man Pr 6:11, 24:34; laid up for show, or as treasure 1 K 10:17, 10:17, 14:26, 14:27 (= 2 Ch 9:16, 9:16, 12:9, 12:10) 2 Ch 32:27 cf. Ct 4:4, Ez 27:10; of scales of crocodile (leviathan) אֲפִיקֵי מָגִנִּים Jb 41:7; fig. of wicked's defence against judgments of י׳, עֲבִי גַבֵּי מָגִנָּיו Jb 15:26; fig, of king Ps 89:19 (cf. Che); fig. of rulers of Ephraim Ho 4:18; fig. of rulers of earth Ps 47:10; fig. (very often) of י׳, as defence of his servants, Ps 3:4, 7:11 (rd. מָגִנִּי עָלַי אל׳ cf. Che crit. note) 18:3, 18:31, 18:36 (= 2 S 22:3, 22:31, 22:36) 28:7, 33:20, 59:12, 84:10, ; 84:12, 115:9, 115:10, 115:11, 119:114, 144:2, Pr 2:7, 30:5, and v. esp. Gn 15:1 (E).
† מְגִנָּה n.f. covering, מְגִנַּת־לֵב La 3:65 covering of heart, i.e. a hard shell about the heart = obstinacy, so Ges (cf. Qor 6:25 وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَي قُلُوبِهِم أَكِنَّةَن) RV; or, covering of the understanding, blindness of the heart, so Ew Ke Näg Che.
† מָגַן vb. only Pi. deliver up, deliver (denom. fr. מָגֵן; on connex. of meanings cf. סָגַר )— Pf. מִגֵּן Gn 14:20; Impf. 3 fs. sf. תְּמַגְּנֶ֑ךָּ Pr 4:9 אֲמַגֶּנְךָ Ho 11:8; —deliver up to adversary Gn 14:20; Ho 11:8 + Is 64:6 LXX SyrVer Targum Ew Che al. וַתְּמַגְּנֵּנוּ for MT וַתְּמגֵנוּ; also deliver, give, c. acc. & sf. of indirect obj. Pr 4:9.
† גָּעָה vb. low (of cattle) (NH id., Aram. גְּעָא, ܓܥܳܐ)—יִגְעֶה־שׁוֹר Jb 6:5; הָלֽח וְגָעוֹ 1 S 6:12.
† גֹּעָה n.pr.loc. close to Jerusalem גֹּעָָתָה Je 31:39; —site unknown.
† גָּעַל vb. abhor, loathe (NH געל Nithpa.be fouled, Hiph. rinse out with hot water; גְּעִילָה rejection; Aram. געל Ithpe. be fouled, soiled)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָּֽעֲלָה Lv 26:43, Je 14:19, וְגָֽעֲלָה cons. Lv 26:30; גְּעַלְתִּים Lv 26:44; גָּֽעֲלוּ Ez 16:45; Impf. 3 fs. תִּגְעַל Lv 26:11, 26:15; Pt. f. גֹּעֶ֫לֶת Ez 16:45, 16:45; —abhor, loathe, (usually c. acc.), Yahweh, his people Lv 26:11, 26:30, 26:44 (H) Je 14:19 (c. בְּ); the people, Yahweh's statutes Lv 26:15, 26:43 (H); Ez 16:45, 16:45 women their husbands (fig., in proph. ag. Jerusalem). Niph. נִגְעַל מָגֵן גִּבּוֹרִים 2 S 1:21 the shield of heroes was defiled RVm VB Kirkp. but < is rejected, cast away (with loathing) Dr, cf. Klo; LXX προσωχθίσθη. Hiph. Impf. שׁוֹרוֹ עִבַּר וְלאֹ יַֹגְעִָל Jb 21:10; and doth not cause, or allow, (the cow) to reject as loathesome Ra De, cf. Di:1, Di:2, however, of bull, cast away (semen), or shew aversion.
† גֹּ֫עַל n.m. loathing, בְּגֹעַל נַפְשֵׁךְ Ez 16:5.
† גַּ֫עַל n.pr.m. appar. a Canaanite, son of עֶבֶד (but cf. VB) Ju 9:26, 9:28, 9:30, 9:31, 9:35, 9:36, 9:37, 9:39, 9:41.
† גָּעַר vb. rebuke (Aram. גְּעַר ܓܥܰܪ id., Eth. ga9ara: cry out, Sab. יגער n.pr., Sab. Denkm. p. 29.30)—Is 17:13; גָּעַרְתָּ Ps 9:6 + 2 t., etc.; Impf. יִגְעַר Zc 3:2 + 3 t., תִּגְעֲרוּ Ru 2:16; Imv. גְּעַר Ps 68:31; Inf. מִגְּעָר־ Is 54:9; Pt. גּוֹעֵר Na 1:4, גֹּעֵר Mal 2:3; —c. בְּ except Ps 9:6, 68:31, 119:21, Mal 2:3 where acc.;—
1. rebuke, father his son Gn 37:10 (E), reapers Ruth Ru 2:16, priest Jeremiah Je 29:27.
2. of God rebuking nations Ps 9:6, Is 17:13, proud Ps 119:21, Satan Zc 3:2, 3:2, חית קנה Ps 68:31, בָּאֹכֵל (the devouring swarm of locusts, restraining them) Mal 3:11, the sea drying it up Ps 106:9, Na 1:4, Zion Is 54:9; הַזֶּרַע the seed (prevent the usual harvest) Mal 2:3 (LXX Aq Vulgate הַזְּרֹעַ, the arm, viz., of priests, that they may not extend it to bless).
† גְּעָרָה n.f. rebuke—Pr 13:1 + 2 t.; גַּעֲרַת Ec 7:5 + 5 t.; sf. גַּעֲרָֽתְךָ Ps 18:16 + (sfs. 6 t.);—
1. of man Pr 13:1, 13:8, 17:10, Ec 7:5, Is 30:17, 30:17.
2. of God Jb 26:11, Ps 18:16 (= 2 S 22:16) 76:7, 80:17, 104:7, Is 50:2, 51:20, 66:15.
† מִגְעֶ֫רֶת n.f. rebuke Dt 28:20.
† [גָּעַשׁ] vb. shake, quake (NH id.)—Qal Impf. וַתִּגְעַשׁ Ps 18:8 a = 2 S 22:8 a Kt (Qr Hithp.);—quake of earth at theoph., Ps 18:8 = 2 S 22:8 (rd. Kt; ‖רעשׁ). Pu. Impf. be shaken up, convulsed יְגֹעֲשׁוּ־עַם Jb 34:20 a people are convulsed. Hithp. shake back and forth, toss or reel to and fro וַיִּתְגָּעַשׁ Qr 2 S 22:8 a (< Kt Qal); יִתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ Je 46:7, וַיִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ Ps 18:8 b + 2 t.;—of mountains Ps 18:8 b = 2 S 22:8 b; of waves of sea, Je 5:22; of waters of Nile Je 46:7 (cf. v:8). Hithpo. Pf. וְהִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ consec. Je 25:16; Impf. יִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ Je 46:8; id. of waters of Nile Je 46:8; of drunken men, reel to and fro, Je 25:16 (fig. of nations confounded by י׳).
† [גַּ֫עַשׁ] n.pr.loc. הַר־גָּ֑עַשׁ Jos 24:30, Ju 2:9 mt. in Ephraim, S. of (חֶרֶס)תִּמְנַת־סֶרַח q.v.; נַחֲלֵי גָּ֑עַשׁ 2 S 23:30 = 1 Ch 11:32 of ravines thereon, or near by.
† גַּעְתָּם n.pr.m. a chief of Edom, son of Eliphaz Gn 36:11, 36:16, 1 Ch 1:36.
גַּף v. sub גפף. below
גפן (√ of following; meaning ?).
† גֶּ֫פֶן n.f.:Ju 9:13 + (m. only Ho 10:1, perh. infl. of יִשְׂרָאֵל 2 K 4:39) vine (NH id., Ar. جَفْنُ (Yemen), As. gapnu, cf. Zehnpfund:BAS i. 633; Aram. גּוֹפַן, גֶּפֶן, ܓܦܶܬܳܐ, pl. ܓܽܘܦܶܢܶܐ)—ג׳ Gn 40:9 + 38 t. (also cstr., as Nu 6:4, Dt 32:32, Is 16:8, 16:9), גָּ֑פֶן Ju 9:12 + 2 t.; sf. גַּפְנִי Jo 1:7, גַּפְנְךָ Je 5:17, גַּפְנוֹ 1 K 5:5 = 3 t., גַּפְנָהּ Ho 2:14, גַּפְנָם Dt 32:32 + 2 t.; pl. גְּפָנִים Ct 2:13, Hb 3:17—vine (always grape-bearing exc. 2 K 4:39) Gn 40:9, 40:10 (in dream) 49:11, Nu 20:5, Dt 8:8, Ju 9:12, 9:13 (in allegory) 1 K 5:5, 2 K 18:31 = Is 36:16, Ps 78:47, 105:33, Ct 2:13, 6:11, 7:13, Is 7:23, 24:7, 32:12, Je 5:17, 8:13, Ho 2:14, Jo 1:7, 1:12, 2:22, Mi 4:4, Hb 3:17, Hg 2:19, Zc 2:10, 8:12, Mal 3:11; גֶּפֶן שָׂדֶה a vine bearing poisonous gourds 2 K 4:39; גֶּפֶן הַיַּיִן Nu 6:4 (cf. Gn 40:10, Ju 9:13) Ju 13:14; אֶשְׁכְּלוֹת הַגֶּפֶן Ct 8:9; עֵץ הַגֶּפֶן Ez 15:2, 15:6; in simile of stars fading away at Yahweh's judgment Is 34:4; in simile of wicked losing early promise Jb 15:33; in simile of wife Ps 128:3; fig. of Israel Ps 80:9, 80:15, Ez 17:6, 17:6, 17:7, 17:8, Ho 10:1 cf. Ez 19:10, Je 2:21, 6:9; also Ho 14:8; fig. of Israel as easily destroyed Ez 15:2, 15:6; fig. of godless enemies of Israel Dt 32:32 cf. Di; גֶּפֶן שִׂבְמָה fig. for prosperity of Moab Is 16:8, 16:9, Je 48:32.—On the vine in Syria cf. Anderlind:ZPV 1888, 160 ff.
גפף (√ of foll.; cf. Syr. ܓܦܦ in deriv., ܓܦܺܝܦܳܐ curved, convex; also Ar. جَفْجَفُ both hilly country and depression, Frey.)
† [גַּף] n.m. body, self, height, elevation (cf. NH גּוּף)—sg. sf. גַּפּוֹ Ex 21:3, 21:3, 21:4; pl. cstr. גַּפֵּי Pr 9:3; —
1. body, self, only in phr. יָבאֹ בְּגַפּוֹ (יֵחֵא)) he shall come in (go out) by himself (with his body) Ex 21:3, 21:3, 21:4; in law of slave (cf. Di).
2. height, elevation עַל־גַּפֵּי מְרֹמֵי קָָרֶת Pr 9:3.
† גֹּ֫פֶר n.[m.] gopher, only in עֲחֵי־גֹּפֶר Gn 6:14 (P), wood of which the ark was made (word dub.; Thes comp. כֹּפֶר & so Rob Ges (hence ‘ pitch-wood, resinous wood ’), cf. Di; Lag:Semitica i. 64; Symmict. ii. 93, BN 217 ff. thinks word not original, but inferred from גפרית, and substituted here for גפרית by copyist, or editor. Cf. following).
† גָּפְרִית n.f. brimstone (Aram. גּוּפְרִיתָא, also כבריתא, כובריתא, ܟܶܒܪܺܝܬܳܐ, ܟܽܒܪܺܝܬܳܐ; Ar. كِبْرِيت (certainly foreign wd.); der. from (כֹּפֶר), גֹּפֶר by Thes RobGes, cf. Di Gn 6:14; i.e. pitch, and then other combustibles, esp. sulphur; Lag:1. c. thinks fr. Bactr. vohûkereti)—גָּפְרִית Gn 19:24 + 6 t.—brimstone, after הִמְטִיר Gn 19:24 (J), fig. of judgment Ps 11:6, Ez 38:22 (in all ‖אֵשׁ etc.), cf. also Jb 18:15, Is 34:9, & Dt 29:22; נַחַל ג׳ simile for the destroying breath of י׳ Is 30:33.
גֵּר v. sub I. גור. p. 158
גִּר v. sub גיר. p. 162
† גֵּרָא n.pr.m. (Ph. גרא) son of Benjamin Gn 46:21 (lacking Nu 26:38–40); son of Belaï, & grandson of Benj., acc. to 1 Ch 8:3, 8:5 cf. v:7; designation of a Benjamite family or clan; hence Ehud called בֶּן־גֵּרָא Ju 3:15, & so Shimei, 2 S 16:5, 19:17, 19:19, 1 K 2:8.
גרב (√ of foll.; Ar. جَرِبَ, Aram. ܓܪܶܒ (have the scab etc.), are appar. denom.)
† גָּרָב n.[m.] itch, scab (Ar. جَرَبُ, Aram. גַּרְבָּא, ܓܰܪܒܳܐ, As. garabu Dl:§ 162)—גָּרָב Lv 21:20, 22:22, Dt 28:27.
† גָּרֵב
1. n.pr.m. (cf. Palm. n.pr.m. גריבא Vog:141) one of David's heroes 2 S 23:38 = 1 Ch 11:40.
2. n.pr.loc. (cf. Sab. n.pr.loc. גרבם Hal:No. 379, 382) only in גִּבְעַת גָּרֵב Je 31:39 hill of Gareb, appar. close to Jerusalem on the SW. cf. Gf; v. also Hi Che.
גַּרְגַּר, גַּרְגְּרוֹת v. sub גרר. p. 176
† גִּרְגָּשִׁי adj.gent. only הַגּ׳ as n.pr.coll.; ‘ begotten ’ by Canaan Gn 10:16 = 1 Ch 1:14; in list of Canaanitish peoples displaced by Isr.; territ. unknown; Gn 15:21, Dt 7:1, Jos 3:10, 24:11, Ne 9:8; cf. Gn 10:16, 1 Ch 1:14 supr. (Hex only JED).
† [גָּרַד] vb. scrape, scratch (NH id., Aram. גְּרַד, ܓܪܰܕ & Ph. מגרדם flesh-scrapers CIS:338. 4; cf. also Ar. جَرَدَ peel or strip off bark, shave hair fr. a hide etc.)—Hithp. Inf. לְהִתְגָּרֵד scrape one's self Jb 2:8.
† [גָּרָה] vb. only Pi. stir up strife, Hithp. engage in strife (cf. NH Pi. stir up, excite, against (בְּ) Hithp.; Aram. Pa. גָּרֵא ܓܰܪܺܝ; esp. As. garû, Qal attack, be at war with, garû, giṙû, enemy, etc. Asrb:Annals iv. 49, 50 (KB:ii. 190) also SASmith:Asrb. i. ii. Gloss.; Ar. جَرَي is run, esp. of water, flow, etc.)—Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְגָרֶה Pr 15:18, 28:25, 29:22, all c. obj. מָדוֹן excite, stir up, strife.—On גֵּרָה Dt 14:8 v. I. גֵּרָה sub גרר. Hithp. Pf. 2 fs. הִתְגָּרִיתְ Je 50:24; Impf. 3 ms. יִתְגָּרֶה Dn 11:25, וְיִתְגָּרֶ֯ו v:10; 2 ms. תִּתְגָּרֶה 2 K 14:19, 2 Ch 25:19; juss. apoc. תִּתְגָּר Dt 2:9, 2:19; 3 mpl. יִתְגָּרוּ Pr 28:4, Dn 11:10, cf. Dn 11:10 Kt., v. supr.; 2 mpl. תִּתְגָּרוּ Dt 2:5 (juss.); Imv. ms. הִתְגָּר Dt 2:24; —
1. excite oneself against (בְּ pers.), engage in strife with, lit. Dt 2:5, 2:19, 2 K 14:19 = 2 Ch 25:19 (sq. בְּרָעָה;—רעה personif. as challenged opponent); also + acc. of manner, מִלְחָמָה Dt 2:9, 2:24; fig. וְשֹׁמְרֵי תוֹרָה יִתְגָּרוּ בָם Pr 28:4 while they that keep the law are at strife with them, i.e. with those that forsake it.
2. abs., excite oneself (against foe), wage war, only Dn 11: יִתְגָּרוּ וְאָֽסְפוּ הֲמוֹן חֲיָלִים רַבִּים v:10 they shall wage war, etc.; וְיָשֹׁב וְיִתְגָּרֶ֯ו עַד־מָעֻזֹּה v:10 and he shall return and war, even to his stronghold; v:25 sq. לַמִּלְחָמָה + בְּחַיִל גָּדוֹל (instr.)
† גָּרוֹן n.m.:Ps 69:4 neck, throat (connexion with above √ dub.; Thes RobGes (cf. MV) from גרה in (assumed) sense of גרר of a dragging, scraping sound; cf. מְגֵרָה; yet √ perh. גרן q.v.; Ar. جِرَانُ (sub جرن Frey Lane) front part of neck of camel, etc.)—ג׳ Is 3:16, 58:1; sf. גְּרוֹנִי Ps 69:4; גְּרוֹנֵח Ez 16:11 + Je 2:25 Qr (Kt גורנך); גְּרוֹנָם Ps 115:7 149:6, גְּרֹנָם Ps 5:10; —throat;
1. of the visible exterior (front) of throat, neck נְטֻו֯וֹת ג׳ Is 3:16 outstretched of neck (= with outstretched neck); וְרָבִיד עַל־גְּרוֹנֵח Ez 41:19 and a chain upon thy neck.
2. throat, as capable of thirst Je 2:25; as organ of speech קְרָא בְגָרוֹן Is 58:1 (‖הָרֵם קוֹלֶָךָ), לאֹ יֶהְגּוּ בִּג׳ Ps 115:7; also רוֹמֲמוֹת אֵל בִּגְרוֹנָם Ps 149:6 high songs to God (be) in their throat; cf. נִחַר גְּרוֹנִי Ps 69:4 my throat is parched (‖יָגַעְתִּי בְקָרְאִי); so also קֶבֶר־פָּתוּחַ גְּרֹנָם Ps 5:10 their throat is an opened sepulchre.
† [תִּגְרָה] n.f. contention, strife, hostility (cf. Aram. תִּגְרָא, oft. Targum; v. Thes; תִּגְרָה NHWB & Fl in Ch WB:ii. 581)—only cstr. sg. מִתִּגְרַת יָֽדְךָ Ps 39:11 from (i.e. through) the hostility of thy hand I am consumed.
I. גֵּרָה II. גֵּרָה v. sub גרר. p. 176
גֵּרוּת v. sub I. גור. p. 158
† [גָּרַז] vb. cut, cut off (Ar. جَرَزَ cut, cut off, exterminate)—Niph. Pf. נִגְרַזְתִּי Ps 31:23 = destroyed out of Yahweh's sight.
† גַּרְזֶן n.m.:Is 10:15 axe (pick, pick-axe, 3 t. in SI; on format. cf. Sta:294 a Ges:§ 85, xi. 54)—Dt 19:5, 20:19, Is 10:15, 1 K 6:7 (Co conj. also Ez 31:11).
† גִּרְזִי Kt, גִּזְרִי (q.v.) Qr adj.gent. 1 S 27:8.
† גְּרִזִּים n.pr.loc. mt. in N. Israel, S. of Sichem (Nabulus), opp. Ebal (עֵיבָל), which was on N.; only הַר ג׳ Dt 11:29, 27:12, Jos 8:33, Ju 9:7; mod. Jebel eṭ-Ṭôr Rob:BR ii. 274 ff. Bd:Pal 220, 222.
גרטל (possibly quadrilit. √, whence foll. c. א prosthet. Cf. however infr.)
† [אֲגַרְטָל] n.m. a kind of vessel, basin or basket (?; others basket-like, basket-shaped vessel); only pl. cstr. אֲגַרְטְלֵי זָהָב, & כֶסֶף א׳, both Ezr 1:9, denoting vessels from temple at Jerus. restored by Cyrus. (Etym. & mng. dub. cf. supr.; A LXXL Codd. LXX of ψυκτῆρες, wine-coolers; B om.; now commonly compared with Aram. קַרְטָלִיתָא Levy NHWB:iv. 376, ܩܰܪܛܳܠܳܐ, Ar. قِرْطَلَّةُ, قِرْطَالَةُ, supposed to be loan-word fr. Hellenist. Gk. κάρταλος, κάρταλλος (e.g. LXX 2 K 10:7, Heb. דּוּדִים), all = basket, fruit-basket, etc., canistrum (so MV BeRy SS); but κάρταλλος itself is possibly a Pers. or Shemit. loan-word; cf. esp. Frä:77 f.; further conject. in Thes BeRy.)
גרל (cf. Ar. جَرَلُ, & pl. أَجْرَالُ, stones, or stony place planted with trees; جَرِلَ stony; جَرْوَلُ, جُرَوِلُ, stony ground, stones; hence foll., because stones were used in casting lots; cf. Gk. ψῆφος pebble, vote; κύσμος bean, lot).
גּוֹרָל:77 n.m.:Lv 16:8 & († Jos 21:10, but v. infr.) f. lot: (NH id. & denom. Hiph. הִגְרִיל cast lots)—abs. ג׳ Jos 16:1 + 51 t.; cstr. גּוֹרַל Jos 18:11 + 2 t., גֹּרַל Nu 36:3; sf. גּוֹרָלִי Ps 16:5, גֹּרָלִי Ju 1:3, גּוֹרָֽלְךָ Pr 1:14, גֹּרָֽלְךָ Dn 12:13, גּוֹרָלֶָךָ Ju 1:3, גּוֹרָלֵךְ Je 13:25, Is 57:6, גּוֹרָלוֹ 1 Ch 26:14, גּוֹרָלָם Jos 18:11 + 2 t.; pl. גּוֹרָלוֹת Jon 1:7 + 8 t., גֹּרָלוֹת Lv 16:8; —a lot cast for the decision of questions Pr 18:18, designation of persons, etc., for service or punishment, assignment of property, etc.; prob. stones put into the bosom-fold of a garment, Pr 16:33 (בַּחֵיק יוּטַל אֶת־הַגּ׳), or into a vessel, and shaken until one springs out (עָלָה, יָחָא or—late—נָפַל); this was regarded originally as divine decision (cf. on Urim & Thummim p. 22, supr.); for the agent, the usual verbs are הִשְׁלִיךְ, יָרָה, נָתַן, and הִפִּיל. Particularly:—
1. lot for dividing land, esp. that which Joshua cast at Shiloh לִפְנֵי י׳ Jos 18:6 (יָרָה) v:8, v:10 (both הִשְׁלִיךְ; all three sq. לְ of pers. for whom; all JE); cf. 19:51 (P); so of lot coming up, or forth, עָלָה Jos 18:11 (cstr.; P), also sq. לְ pers. 19:10 (P), & foll. c. יָחָא 16:1 (JE), Nu 33:54, Jos 19:1, 19:17, 19:24, 19:32, 19:40, 21:4 (all P); be divided by lot יֵחָלֵק בְּג׳ Nu 26:55, or according to lot תֵּחָלֵק עַל־פִּי הַגּ׳ v:56; apportion by lot הִתְנַחֲלוּ בְּג׳ 33:54, 34:13, נִחַל בְּג׳ Jos 19:51; give by lot נָתַן בְּג׳ Nu 36:2 נָתַן בַּגּ׳ Jos 21:8 (all P) 1 Ch 6:50; have by lot בַּגּ׳ הָיָה ל׳ Jos 21:4, & (היה om.) v:5, v:6 (all P) cf. 1 Ch 6:46, 6:48; also Jos 21:10 (P; רִאישֹׁנָה הַגּ׳, only here f.; LXX—not LXXL—om. ראישׁנה, & so) ‖ 1 Ch 6:39; cf. further Is 34:17 (הִפִּיל לְ).
2. lot for assigning to service, duty or punishment, a. concerning the goats on day of atonement, Lv 16:8 (נָתַן עַל) v:8, v:8 (sq. לְ); cf. v:9, v:10 (עָלָה עַל; all P). b. assigning priests to their courses, singers, musicians & porters to their duties, by lot חָלַק בְּג׳ 1 Ch 24:5; הִפִּיל ג׳ v:31, 25:8, 26:13 (sq. לְ of position) v:14; of lot coming forth (יָחָא לְ pers.) 24:7 (cf. v:7; v:18) 25:9 (cf. v:9–31) 26:14 cf. וַיֵּחֵא גּוֹרָלוֹ v:14. c. cast lots for dwelling in Jerus. (הִפִּיל ג׳) Ne 1:11 (sq. inf.) d. for supplying wood for altar-fire Ne 10:35 (הִפִּיל עַל); here belongs prob. also e. Ju 20:9 עָלֶיהָ בְּג׳, ref. to v:10 (determining who shall go up, and who supply provision) LXX ἀναβησόμεθα ἐπ̓ αὐτὴν ἐν κλήρῳ, so Stu (insert perh. נעלה), cf. AV RV, Bu:RS 151 (who rds. נַפִּילָה בְּג׳); > SyrVer Be Ke who ref. ג׳ here to division of land of captured city. f. to determine guilty persons Jon 1:7, 1:7 (both הִפִּיל) v:17 (נָפַל עַל); so appar. Ez 24:6 of inhab. of Jerus. under fig. of flesh in pot לאֹ־נָפַל עָלֶיהָ ג׳ no lot is fallen over it, i.e. no discrimination is made, destruction is to include the whole city; (cf. also Jos 7:14 ff. 1 S 14:41 ff. where divine agency in detection is prominent but word גּוֹרָל not used). g. in allotting slaves Jo 4:3 אֶל־עַמִּי יַדּוּ גּ׳; Na 3:10 (יַדּוּ עַל); so Ob:11 וְעַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַם יַדּוּ ג׳—all c. vb. ידד q.v. h. in distributing plundered garments Ps 22:19 (הִפִּיל על). i. to determine favourable day for a scheme, הִפִּיל Est 3:7 (לִפְנֵי הָמָן) 9:24 (sq. inf.; v. also פּוּר).
3. thing assigned, apportioned, allotted esp. of land assigned by lot, allotment Jos 15:1, 17:1, 21:38 (all P), 17:14, 17:17 = portion, share (‖נַחֲלָה JE); cf. גֹּרַל נַחֲלָתֵנוּ Nu 36:3 (P), גּוֹרַל נַחֲלָתָם Jos 14:2 (P; but perh. rd. abs. גּוֹרָל cf. Di); also גְּבוּל גּוֹרָלָם 18:11 ( P) the boundary of their allotment; עָרֵי גוֹרָלָם 21:20 (P); v. further Ju 1:3, 1:3; so prob. Mi 2:5 הִשְׁלִיךְ חֶבֶל בְּג׳ (Hi Che; cf. also Ew); Ps 125:3, land, exposed to oppressive exaction; also fig. of י׳ as portion, allotment of his people Ps 16:5 (so Che, & on תָּמִיד for תּוֹמִיךְ cf. his crit. n.; v. also Ew; otherwise De al.;—‖מְנָת חֶלְקִי); on the other hand, of idols Is 57:6 (‖חֵלֶק); also עָמַד לְג׳ Dn 12:13, of allotted portion, share, in the Messianic consummation; more generally, one's portion, lot, fortune גּוֹרָֽלְךָ תַּפִּיל בְּתוֹכֵנוּ Pr 1:14 cast thy fortune into the midst of us, in with us (‖כִּיס אֶחָד יִהְיֶה לְכֻלָּנוּ).
4. portion = recompence, retribution Is 17:14 (‖חֵלֶק), Je 13:25 (‖מְנָת מִדַּיִךְ), both implying divine agency.
† [גָּרֹל] adj. גְּרָל־חֵמָה Pr 19:19 Kt; < Qr גְּדָל־ cf. Vrss, AV RV Now Str al.
I. [גָּרַם] vb. lay aside, leave, save (NH גָּרַם is shorten, occasion, bring about, to pass, Aram. גְּרַם Pa. occasion, bring about, ܓܪܰܡ abscidit, decrevit, cf. also Ar. جَرَمَ cut off (fruit), shear (sheep);—on connexion of ideas v. Fl NHWB:i. 437) Qal Pf. 3 pl. לאֹ גָֽרְמוּ לַבֹּקֶר Zp 3:3 they have left nothing for the morrow, in fig. of cruel judges (dub.: al. fr. II. [גָּרַם], v. Kau:AT Dr).
† גֶּ֫רֶם n.[m.] bone, strength, self (?) (Ar. جِرْمُ body, Aram. גְּרַם, ܓܪܶܡ bone, self)—abs. גָּ֑רֶם Gn 49:14 + 2 t.; cstr. גֶּרֶם 2 K 9:13; sf. גְּרָמָיו Jb 40:18;
1. bone Pr 17:22 (coll.) 25:15; of behemoth (hippopot.) Jb 40:18 (‖עחם q.v.)
2. strength Gn 49:14 חֲמֹר גָּ֑רֶם strong ass (lit. bony, so VB).
3. self (cf. עחם), 2 K 9:13 גֶּרֶם הַמַּעֲלוֹת so Ges Ew Ke, but text dub., v. conjectures in Klo.
† II. [גָּרַם] vb.denom. break bones, break,—Pi. Impf. וְעַחְמֹתֵיהֶם יְגָרֵם Nu 24:8 (JE); but also וְאֶת־חֲרָשֶׂיהָ תְּגָרֵ֖מִי Ez 23:34 (yet on txt. v. Co.)
† גַּרְמִי adj.gent. c. art. 1 Ch 4:19.
גרן (√ of foll.; ? cf. Ar. جَرَنَ, become accustomed, worn smooth (of skin, garment, etc.); also grind grain vehemently; vid. further جَرِينُ what one has ground, of grain; & place in which dates are dried = مَجْرَنُ).
† גֹּ֫רֶן n.m. threshing-floor (cf. further vulg. Ar. جُرْنُ stone basin, trough, mortar, etc. Dozy Lane, v. Mohit:243 b, 7)—גֹּרֶן Gn 50:10 + 27 t. (cstr. e.g. Gn 50:10, 50:11, 2 S 6:6); :גֹּֽרְנָֽה Mi 4:12; sf. גָּרְנִי Is 21:10; גָּרְנְךָ Dt 15:14, 16:13; pl. הַגְּרָנוֹת 1 S 23:1, הַגְּרָנוֹת Jo 2:24; cstr. גָּרְנוֹת Ho 9:1—threshing-floor, (on form v. Rob:BR i. 550 cf.Fl NHWB:i. 437) Gn 50:10, 50:11 (האטד ג׳) Nu 18:27 (דָּגָן מן־הג׳) Dt 15:14, 16:13, Ju 6:37, Ru 3:2 (הַשְּׂעֹרִים הוּא זֹרֶה ג׳) v:3, v:6, v:14, 2 S 6:6, 24:16, 24:18, 24:21, 24:24, 1 Ch 13:9, 21:15, 21:18, 21:21, 21:22, 21:28, 2 Ch 3:1, Ho 9:1 (דָּגָן ג׳) v:2, Mi 4:12, Jb 39:12 cf. Di; תְּרוּמַת ג׳ Nu 15:20; תְּבוּאַת ג׳ Nu 18:30; of these, three may be n.pr.loc.:—גֹּרֶן הָאָטָד Gn 50:10, 50:11; גֹּרֶן נָכוֹן 2 S 6:6 (cf. We Dr) = גֹּרֶן כִּידֹן 1 Ch 13:9; place of storing corn, etc. 1 S 23:1, 2 K 6:27, Jo 2:24; open place at city-gate גֹּרֶן פֶּתַחשַׁעַר שֹׁמְרוֹן 1 K 22:10 = 2 Ch 18:9, where kings of Isr. & Jud. sat (but this peculiar & text dub.; LXX (in K) ἔνοπλοι; We om.; SyrVer Th Be בְּרֻדִּים, agreeing with בְּגָדִים preceding; yet this elsewh. in Heb. only of animals); in simile of daughter of Babylon, Je 51:33 (trodden smooth) cf. fig. of Israel בֶּן־גָּרְנִי (‖מְדֻשָׁתִי ) Is 21:10; . מֹץ מִגּ׳ Ho 13:3.
גָּרֹן, גָּרוֹן v. sub גרה. p. 173
גָּרַס vb. v. sub גרשׂ. p. 176
† [גָּרַע] vb. diminish, restrain, withdraw (NH id., Aram. גְּרַע ܓܪܰܥ shave head, etc.; cf. جَرِعَ swallow)—Qal Impf. יִגְרַע Jb 36:7, יִגְרָָע Ex 21:10; 2 ms. תִּגְרַע Dt 13:1 + 3 t.; אֶגְרַע Ez 5:11 (but cf. infr.), וָאֶגְרַע Ez 16:27; תִּגְרְעוּ Ex 5:8 + 2 t.; Inf. לִגְרֹעַ Ec 3:14; Pt. גְּרוּעָה Is 15:2 (so Baer; v. d. H. גְּדוּעָה v. גדע), גְּרֻעָה Je 48:37; —
1. diminish, usually sq. מִן Ex 5:8, 5:19 (the tale of bricks), Dt 4:2, 13:1 (in both, word of י׳; opp. הוסיף) cf. Ec 3:14, and also Je 26:2 (c. acc.); c. acc. also Ex 21:10 (food etc.) cf. Ez 16:27; Pt. pass. diminished, clipped, of beard, Je 48:37 and Is 15:2 (so Baer, rightly, cf. his note and v. גדע).
2. restrain Jb 15:4 (c. acc. שִׂיחָה meditation, devotion), Jb 15:8 (c. acc. חָכְמָה, sq. אֵלֶיךָ, i.e. unto, for thyself, monopolize; De Di Da render draw unto thyself, appropriate; Schult. comp. Ar. swallow, cf. Ew saugst zu dir ein Weisheit).
3. withdraw Jb 36:7 (obj. עַיִן, eye, sq. מִן); Ez 5:11 absol. (si vera l.); Co. reads אֶתְגָּרֶה, for אֶגְרַע, on intern. grounds; others: withdraw (thy needs) Sm (cf. 16:27); withdraw (mine eye) Ges Ke. Niph. Pf. וְנִגְרַע consec. Lv 27:18; וְנִגְרְעָה Nu 36:3; Impf. יִגָּרַע Nu 27:4, 36:4, יִגָּרֵָעַ Nu 36:3; 1 pl. נִגָּרַע Nu 9:7; Pt. נִגְרָע Ex 5:11; —1. be withdrawn c. מִן Nu 36:3, 36:3, 36:4 (inheritance, נחלה); Nu 27:4 a name out of a family; Ex 5:11 (מֵעֲבֹדַתְכֶם דָּבָר); impers. Lv 27:18 (abatement shall be made). 2. be restrained sq. inf. Nu 9:7. Pi. Impf. יְגָרַע Jb 36:27 withdraw = draw up c. acc. נִטְפֵי־מָָיִם cf. Di (on other hand, De al. draw down, let down).
† [מִגְרָעָה] n.f. recess, rebatement (RV), i.e. ledge, only pl., נָתֵן מִגְרָעוֹת לבית 1 K 6:6.
† [גָּרַף] vb. sweep away (orig. shovel or scoop up, away, cf. NH id., Ar. جَرَفَ; Aram. גְּרַף, ܓܪܰܦ, Eth. in deriv.)—גְּרָפָם (נַחַל קִישׁוֹן) Ju 5:21.
† [אֶגְרֹף] n.[m.] fist (LXX πυγμή, so Vulgate; but Targum club, staff (?), & so SS, cf. esp. Ex 21:18; —NH אֶגְרוֹף)—וִהִכָּה אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ בְּאֶבֶן אוֹ בְאֶגְרָֹף Ex 21:18; (cstr.) לְהַכּוֹת בְּאֶגְרֹף רֶָשַׁע Is 58:4.
† [מֶגְרָפָה] n.f. shovel (NH id.; Aram. מַגְרוֹפִיתָא; Ar. مِجْرَفَةُ (v. Lane)) only pl. מֶגְרְפֹתֵיהֶם Jo 1:17 (Thes clods, after Jewish interpreters, so AV RV, cf. however Me:Joe1 100 f; LXX Me ארותיהם their cribs, of cattle; mng. of clause dubious).
† [גָּרַר] vb. drag, drag away (NH id., Ar. جَرَّ Aram. גְּרַר, ܓܰܪ As. garâru, run, Zim:BP 102; etc.)—Qal Impf. sf. יְנֹרֵהוּ Hb 1:15, יְגוֹרֵם Pr 21:7—drag away, fishes in net, fig. Hb 1:15 (Chaldeans, their opponents); violence, the wicked Pr 21:7. Niph. (rd. Qal ? Sam. יָגוֹר cf. Di) Impf. יִגָּ֑ר Lv 11:7 c. acc. cogn. גֵּרָה לאֹ־יִגָּ֑ר = (the) cud he cheweth not, cf. also Dt 14:8 Sam. LXX (Di). Po‘al Pt. (denom.; so NH Qal & Niph.) מִגֹרָרוֹת בַּמְּגֵרָה 1 K 7:9 sawn with the saw. Hithpo. סַעַר מִתְגּוֹרֵָר Jer 30:23 a (sweeping) roaring whirlwind (‖ 23:19 has מִתְחוֹלֵל). On יִתְגּוֹרָרוּ Ho 7:14, v. I. גור, גדד.
† I. גֵּרָה n.f. cud (Ar. جِرَّةُ, so called fr. sound of rumination ?)—גֵּרָה Lv 11:3 + 10 t.—cud, only in legislation of clean and unclean animals, and almost always c. (י—ֵ, ת—ַ, ה—ָ) מַעֲלֵה Lv 11:3, 11:4, 11:4, 11:5, 11:6, 11:26 (P) Dt 14:6, 14:6, 14:7; יִגָּ֑ר ג׳ (cf. גרר Niph.) Lv 11:7, Dt 14:8 has גֵּרָת without vb., but read there as Lv 11:7 (so Sam. LXX Di).
†II. גֵּרָה n.f. a weight, 20th part of shekel, gerah (As. girû, Zehnpfund:BAS i. 506)—גֵּרָה Ex 30:13 + 4 t.—Only in definition of שֶׁקֶל, c. num. עֶשְׂרִים Ex 30:13, Lv 27:25, Nu 3:47, 18:16, Ez 45:12.
† [גַּרְגַּר] n.m. berry (NH id.), גַּרְגְּרִים בְּראֹשׁ אָמָיר Is 17:6.
† גַּרְגְּרוֹת n.f.pl. neck (on format. cf. Ba:NB 204)—גַּרְגְּרֹתֶָיךָ Pr 1:9, 3:22, גַּרְגְרוֹתֶָךָ Pr 3:3, גַּרְגְּרֹתֶָךָ 6:21—always in fig., instruction of parents an ornament, a chain upon neck Pr 1:9, bind them upon thy neck 6:21; so of mercy & truth 3:3, cf. v:22.
† מְגֵרָה n.f. saw (NH id., perh. from its harsh dragging sound)—מְגֵרָה 2 S 12:31 a + 2 t.; pl. מְגֵרוֹת 1 Ch 20:3 (< מַגְזְרוֹת 2 S 12:31 b)—saw, used in cutting stone מְגֹרָרוֹת בַּמְּגֵרָה 1 K 7:9; used in torture (or as tools for enforced labour) of captives 2 S 12:31 a 1 Ch 20:3 a.
† גְּרָר n.pr.loc. south of Gaza, usually identif. with mod. Umm Jerâr Bd:Pal 159 Guêrin:Judêe ii. 257 ff.; but Wady Jerūr W. of ï‘ Ain Ḳadīs acc. to Trumbull:Kadesh Barnea 61 ff. cf. Guthe:ZPV viii 1885, 215; Gn 20:2, 26:6, 26:20, 26:26, 2 Ch 14:12, 14:13; גְּרָ֫רָה Gn 10:19, 26:1; נַ֫חַל גְּרָר Gn 26:l7; וַיָּגָר בִּגְרָר Gn 20:1.
גרשׂ (Ar. جَرَشَ bray, pound, grind, coarse, Aram. גְּרַס (rare) crush, ܓܪܺܝܣ, crushed, ܓܰܪܶܣ crush, destroy; cf. following).
† [גָּרַס] vb. be crushed (Aram. ܓܪܶܣ [be crushed,] perish)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. גָּֽרְסָה Ps 119:20 fig. נַפְשִׁינ לְ ג׳ my soul is crushed (i.e. perisheth: cf. Syr.) with longing for (cf. כָּלָה לְ). Hiph. Impf. וַיַּגְרֵס בֶּחָחָץ שִׁנָּ֑י La 3:16 and he hath crushed my teeth with gravel, fig. of divine chastisement.
† גֶּ֫רֶשׂ n.[m.] a crushing, but only concrete of that which is crushed, groats, grits (cf. Ar. جَرِشَ, NH גְּרִיס, Aram. (rare) גִּרְשָׂא, גְּרוּסְיָא ܓܳܪܣܳܐ)—אָבִיב קָלוּי בָּאֵשׁ גֶּרֶשׂ כַּרְמֶל Lv 2:14 young ears parched with fire, groats (&) fresh fruit (v. Sifra ad loc.); (וּמִשַּׁמְנָהּ)מִגִּרְשָׂהּ Lv 2:16.
† [גָּרַשׁ] vb. drive out, cast out (NH id., Aram. גְּרַשׁ Pa. Ithp. of divorce, MI:19 ויגרשה)—Qal Impf. וַיִּגְרְשׁוּ Is 57:20; Inf. sf. מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ez 36:5 infr.; Pt. act. גֹּרֵשׁ Ex 34:11; pass. f. גְּרוּשָׁה Lv 21:7 + 4 t.;—cast our, thrust out, י׳, the Amorites Ex 34:11 (JE; c. מִפְּנֵי); waters, mire and dirt רֶפֶשׁ וָטִיט Is 57:20; pass. only of divorced woman Lv 21:7 (sq. מֵאִישָׁהּ; elsewh. with אַלְמָנָה widow), v:14, 22:13 (all H), Nu 30:10 (P) Ez 44:22. On מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ez 36:5 as Aram. Inf. cf. Ges:§ 45 1. c. Kö:i 166; Co del., on intern. grounds, cf. LXX Niph. Pf. נִגְרָָשׁ Is 57:20; 3 fs. וְנִגְרְשָׁה consec. Am. 8:8; נִגְרַשְׁתִּי Jon 2:5; —be driven away, sq. מִנֶּגֶד עֵינֶיךָ, i.e. from the presence of Yahweh Jon 2:5; be driven, tossed, as the Nile Am 8:8; of the sea Is 57:20 rel. cl., אֲשֶׁר om., like the sea that is tossed. Pi. Pf. 3 fs. וְגֵרְשָׁה consec. Ex 23:28; גֵּרַשְׁתָּ Gn 4:14, sf. 3 mpl. וְגֵרַשְׁתָּמוֹ consec. Ex 23:31; וְגֵרַשְׁתִּ֫י Ex 33:2, sf. גֵּרַשְׁתִּיהוּ Ez 31:11 (so Targum Vulgate, not LXX; cf. Co's conj.); וְגֵּרַשְׁתִּיו consec. Nu 22:11; 3 pl. sf. גֵּרְשׁוּנִי 1 S 26:19; Impf. יְגָרֵשׁ Ex 11:1, וַיְגָ֫רֶשׁ Gn 3:24 + 6 t.; sf. וַיְגָרֲשֵׁהוּ Ps 34:1, יְגָֽרֲשֵׁם Ex 6:1; 2 ms. תְּגָרֵשׁ Ps 80:9, וַתְּגָ֫רֶשׁ Jos 24:12; אֲגָרֵשׁ Ju 2:3, וָֽאֲגָרֵשׁ Ju 6:9; sf. 3 ms. אֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ Ex 23:29, 23:30, Nu 22:6; אֲגָֽרֲשֵׁם Ho 9:15; וַיְגָֽרֲשׁוּ Ju 11:2; יְגַֽשׂרשׁוּהַ Zp. 2:4, וַיְגָֽרֲשׁוּם Ex 2:17; 2 mpl. תְּגָֽרֲשׁוּן Mi 2:9, וַתְּגָֽרֲשׁוּנִי Ju 11:7; Inf. cstr. לְגָרֵשׁ 1 Ch 17:21 + ‖ 2 S 7:23 Gei We Dr, for MT לארחך; לְגָֽרֲשֵׁנוּ 2 Ch 20:11; abs. id. Ex 11:1; Imv. גָּרֵשׁ Gn 21:10, Pr 22:10; —drive out, away, Hex all JE, incl. poem Dt 33; (י׳ subj.), Adam fr. garden Gn 3:24 cf. Cain Gn 4:14 (sq. מִן loc., & so 21 t.), David (men subj.) 1 S 26:19, id. (Abimelech subj.) Ps 34:1 (title), Hagar (Abr. subj.) Gn 21:10 cf. scorner, Pr 22:10 daughters of Reuel (subj. shepherds) Ex 2:17; Moses and Aaron fr. Pharaoh's presence (indef. subj.) Ex 10:11; Gaal etc. (subj. Zebul) Ju 9:41 (sq. מִן c. Inf.), Jephthah (Gil. subj.) Ju 11:2, 11:7; Abiathar (subj. Sol.) 1 K 2:27 (sq. מִן c. Inf.) wicked fr. temple (י׳ subj.) Ho 9:15; women fr. houses (nobles subj.) Mi 2:9; oft. of Canaanites (hornet subj.) Ex 23:28, Jos 24:12 cf. Ex 23:31 (Israel subj.); also (י׳ subj.; cf. MI:19) Ex 23:29, 23:30, 33:2, Dt 33:27, Jos 24:l8, Ju 2:3, 6:9, Ps 78:55, 80:9, 1 Ch 17:21; of Israel from Egypt (subj. Pharaoh) Ex 6:1, 11:1, 11:1; from land of Moab (subj. Balak) Nu 22:6, 22:11; Judah from Canaan (subj. Moab & Ammon) 2 Ch 20:11; Egypt from her land (י׳ subj.) Ez 31:11 (but cf. text, supr.); Ashdod (indef. subj.) Zp 2:4. † Pu. Pf. גֹּרְשׁוּ subj. Israelites Ex 12:39; Impf. יְגֹרָָשׁוּ subj. despised and miserable outcasts Jb 30:5 both sq. מִן loc.
† [גֶּ֫רֶשׁ] n.[m.] thing thrust or put forth, yield; cstr. גֶּרֶשׁ יְרָחִים Dt 33:14 yield, produce of moons ‖תְּבוּאֹת שָָׁמֶשׁ; i.e. produce in its seasons, cf. Di.
† [גְּרוּשָׁה] n.f. expulsion, violence. Only pl. sf. גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם Ez 45:9 your acts of expulsion (cf. Ew Da; ‘ Raubereien ’ Sm Co).
† גֵּרְשֹׁם n.pr.m.
1. son of Moses & Ṣipporah Ex 2:22 (expl. as if fr. גור) = 18:3; גֵּרְשׁוֹם 1 Ch 23:15, 23:16, 26:24; so also גֵּרְשֹׁם Ju 18:30 MT בֶּן־ מְנַשֶּׁה cf. VB.
2. a son of Levi גֵּרְשֹׁם 1 Ch 6:1, 6:28, 15:7 (cf. גֵּרְשׁוֹן); גֵּרְשׁוֹם 1 Ch 6:2, 6:5, 6:47, 6:56.
3. a son of Phinehas Ezr 8:2.
† גֵּרְשׁוֹן n.pr.m. son of Levi (= גרשׁם 1 Ch 6:1, 6:28, 15:7 גרשׁום 1 Ch 6:2, 6:5, 6:47, 6:56) Gn 46:11, Ex 6:16, 6:17, Nu 3:17, 3:18, 3:21, 3:25, 4:22, 4:38, 4:41, 7:7, 10:17, 26:57, Jos 21:6, 21:27, 1 Ch 5:27, 23:6 (particularly in expression sons of Gershon, i.e. family, descendants of Gershon Nu 3:25, 4:22, 4:38, 4:41, 7:7, 10:17, Jos 21:6, 21:27; cf. sons of Gershom 1 Ch 6:47, 6:56, 15:7).
† גֵּרְשֻׁנִּי adj.gent. c. art. as subst. collect. Nu 3:21, 3:23, 3:24, 4:24, 4:27, 4:28, 26:57, Jos 21:33, 1 Ch 23:7, 26:21, 2 Ch 29:12; c. art. as adj. sing. m. 1 Ch 26:21, 29:8.
מִגְרָשׁ n.m.:Nu 35:2 common, common-land, open land (perhaps orig. pasture-land, as place of [cattle] driving)—abs. מ׳ Ez 45:2 + 2 t. + Ez 48:15 (Co מגרשָׁהּ); cstr. מִגְרַשׁ Lv 25:34, 2 Ch 31:19; (on מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ez 36:5 cf. גרשׁ); elsewh. pl., abs. מִגְרשׁוֹת Ez 27:28 (Baer); Co מרעשׁת assumed fr. רָעַשׁ, cf. LXX; cstr. מִגְרְשֵׁי Nu 35:4 + 2 t.; sf. מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ Jos 21:13, 21:13 + 42 t.; מִגְרָשֶׁהָ Jos 21:11 + 46 t. in Jos 21 (generally ֑ or . + but also ֖ v:21); מִגְרְשֵׁיהֶם Nu 35:3 + 4 t.; מִגְרְשֵׁיהֶן Nu 35:7 + 8 t.—common-land, usually pl., and usually as attached to a city or town, esp. as surrounding Levitical cities Nu 35:2, 35:3, 35:4, 35:5, 35:7, Jos 14:4, 21:2 + 55 t. Jos 21 (all P; in Codd. & old Vrss. are two vv. Jos 21, betw. v:35, v:36, with מ׳ 4 t.; om. Mass., Edd., Baer, but cf. Theile, & Di ad loc.); 1 Ch 6:40 + 40 t. 1 Ch 6, 13:2, 2 Ch 11:14; so also שְׂדֵה מ׳ Lv 25:34 (H), שְׂדֵי מ׳ 2 Ch 31:19; lands surrounding the holy city Ez 48:15, 48:17; open land or space about the temple Ez 45:2; only 1 Ch 5:16 כל־מִגְרְשֵׁי שָׁרוֹן of (pasture-) lands in a district, cf. שׁרון.—Ez 27:28 מגרשׁות, if true text, = open country about Tyre (opp. sea, cf. context), but v. Da & cf. supr.
גֹּרֹתָיו v. גּוֹר sub II. גור. p. 158
גשׁם (√ of foll.; cf. Ar. جَسُمَ be bulky, massive, جِسْمُ body, Syr. ܓܽܫܡܳܐ id.)
† I. גֶּ֫שֶׁם n.pr.m. an opponent of Nehemiah Ne 2:19, 6:1 (in both called הָעַרְבִּי); v:2; also גַּשְׁמוּ 6:6; וּ as in Nab. n.pr. cf. Nö in Eut:Nab 73.
† II. גֶּ֫שֶׁם n.m.:Gn 7:12 rain, shower (NH id., conn. wi. above √ dub.)—abs. ג׳ Gn 7:12 +; גָּ֑שֶׁם 1 K 18:41 +; cstr. גֶּשֶׁם Jb 37:6, 37:6 +; pl. גְּשָׁמִים Ez 10:9, 10:13; cstr. גִּשְׁמֵי Ez 34:26; sf. גִּשְׁמֵיכֶם Lv 26:4; גִּשְׁמֵיהֶם Ps 105:32; —rain, shower Gn 7:12, 8:2 (both J) Lv 26:4 (H) Ho 6:3, Am 4:7, Je 5:24, 14:4, Is 44:14, 55:10, Ez 1:28 Jo 2:23 (‖מוֹרֶה, מַלְקוֹשׁ); 1 K 17:7, 17:14, 18:45 (ג׳ גדול) 2 K 3:17, Pr 25:14, 25:23, Ec 11:3, Ct 2:11, Ps 105:32, וּמֵהַגּ׳ Ezr 10:9 and because of the rains, cf. v:13; קוֹל הֲמוֹן הַגּ׳ 1 K 18:41 cf. v:44 Zc 14:17, Ec 12:2; גֶּשֶׁם מִטְרוֹת עֻזּוֹ מָטָָר וְג׳ Jb 37:6; מְטַר־גֶּשֶׁם Zc 10:1; cf. נְדָבוֹת ג׳ Ps 68:10; fig. of blessing Ez 34:26, בְּרָכָה ג׳ v:26; of destruction שֹׁטֵף ג׳ Ez 13:11, 13:13 cf. 38:22.
† [גשׁם] vb.denom. (cf. NH Qal Pt. pass. & Hoph.)—Pu. Pf. 3 fs. גֻּשְׁמָ֯ה Ez 22:24 be rained upon (גֻּשְׁמָהּ Baer, but v. Ke Sm). Hiph. cause or send rain, Pt. מַגְשִׁמִים Je 14:22.
† [גּ֫שֶׁם] n.[m.] גֻּשְַׁמָהּ Ez 22:24 (or גִּשְׁמָהּ from גֶּשֶׁם ?) acc. to punct.; but cf. sub גשׁם vb.
גַּשְׁמוּ n.pr., v. I. גֶּשֶׁם. above
† גּ֫שֶׁן n.pr.loc. (on etym. cf. Di Gn 45:10)—
1. district in Egypt E. of lower Nile, v. Eb:GS 500 ff.; Naville:Goshen, 1887, who rds. hierogl. Kesem, but cf. Groff:JAs xiv. 527 (LXX Γεσεμ (̓Αραβιας))—אֶרֶץ גּשֶׁן Gn 45:10 (JE) 46:34, 47:1, 47:4, 47:6, 47:27, 50:8, Ex 8:18, 9:26 (all J); אַ֫רְחָה גּשֶׁן Gn 46:28 (J), גּ֑שְׁנָה v:28, v:29 (both J), in both LXX καθ̓ ̔Ηρώων πόλιν cf. Di. (P has land רעמסס 47:11 etc., cf. Di Gn 45:10.
2. ארץ הַגּשֶׁן Jos 11:16 (D), אֶרֶץ גּשֶׁן Jos 10:41 (D), גּשֶׁן Jos 15:51 (P) (LXX in all Γοσομ) a city named with חֹלֽן & גִּלֽה cf. Di.—not clearly located, but on southern border of Judah.
† גִּשְׁפָּא n.pr.m. named after חִיחָא as an officer of Nethinim Ne 11:21; v. om. B; LXXL & Codd. Γεσφα; name not elsewhere in OT, not even ‖ 1 Ch 9; possibly corrupted from חֲשֻׂפָא Ne 7:46 (following חִחָא; in ‖ Ezr 2:43 חֲשׁוּפָא, חִיחָא), LXX ̔Ασφα (B; Codd. Ασειφα, etc.); cf. BeRy.
גשׁר (√ of foll. Cf. As. gašâru, strengthen, make firm Lotz:TPRegister; Ar. جَسَرَ be bold, also arch a bridge, cf. جِسْرُ, جَسْرُ bridge, NH גֶּשֶׁר id., Aram. גִּישְׁרָא, ܓܺܝܫܪܳܐ, ܓܶܫܪܳܐ).
† גְּשׁוּר n.pr.m. (bridge ? or land of bridges ? cf. Wetzst:Hauran, 82).
1. of people, = הַגְּשׁוּרִי Jos 13:13 cf. 1 Ch 2:23.
2. of land מֶלֶח גְּשׁוּר 2 S 3:3 13:37 cf. v:38 (but text in disorder cf. LXX We Dr) 14:32, 15:8 בַּאֲרָם בִּגְ׳ 1 Ch 3:2, גְּשׁ֫וּרָה 2 S 14:23; a territory E. of the upper Jordan, exact limits unknown; acc. to Guthe:ZPV xii. 1889, 232 f. between Gilead and Hermon, in Jaulân; acc. to Furrer:ib. xiii. 1890, 198 = the Ledjah, district E. of Jaulân, with town Jisre; against him Guthe:ib. 285 f.
† גְּשׁוּרִי adj.gent. = subst. הַגּ׳;
1. people dwelling in Geshûr (supr.) Dt 3:14, Jos 12:5, 13:11, 13:13.
2. a tribe of, or near, the Philistines Jos 13:2, also 1 S 27:8, but del LXX (not LXXL) cf. We Dr; rd. possibly אשׁורי Hom:Aufsätze i. (1892), 9; 2 S 2:9 rd. הגּ׳ for האשׁורי.
† [גשׁשׁ] vb. feel with the hand, feel, stroke (NH id., Ar. دَأَبَ, Aram. גְשַׁשׁ Pa., ܕܽܘܝܳܒܳܐ ܕܢܰܦܫܳܐ; Eth. جَسَّ or ܓܰܫ stroke, touch)—Pi. Impf. 1 pl. coh. נְגַשֲׁשָׁ֫ה Is 59:10, נְגַשֵָּׁשָׁה ib., grope, grope for cf. Che.
גַּת wine-press. גַּת n.pr. גִּתִּי adj.gent.
גִּתַּיִם n.pr.loc. גִּתִּית adj. v. sub יגן. p. 387 f
† גֶּ֫תֶר n.pr.m. (√ unknown) a son of Aram Gn 10:23 = 1 Ch 1:17.