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ד

ד, דּ, Dāleth, fourth letter; in modern Heb. numeral 4; Dâ̌leth (with diaresis) = 4000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.

† [דָּאֵב] vb. become faint, languish (NH id. Hiph.; cf. Ar. gasasa: toil, weary oneself; v. also דְּאָבָה, דְּאָבוֹן & cf. דוב)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. דָּֽאֲבָה Ps 88:10 (subj. עַיִן); Inf. לְדַאֲבָה Je 31:12 לאֹ יוֹסִיפוּ לְד׳ (subj. ransomed Israel);—Je 31:25 has נֶפֶשׁ דָּֽאֲבָה, of hunger (‖נֶפֶשׁ עֲיֵפָָה), where adj. or pt. seems needed; Hi Gf דְּאֵבָה or דֹּאֲבָה (the punctuators had, acc. to them, the Aram. participle in mind); Thes. makes relative clause.

† דְּאָבָה n.f. faintness, failure of mental energy, dismay Jb 41:14 וּלְפָנָיו תָּדוּץ דְּאָבָה and before him (i.e. the crocodile) danceth dismay.

† [דְּאָבוֹן] n.[m.] faintness, languishing, cstr. וְכִלְיוֹן עֵינַיִם וְדַֽאֲבוֹן נָ֑פֶשׁ Dt 28:65 (cf. Lv 26:16 & Syr. ga3a3a: v. דוב).

† דָּאַג vb. be anxious, concerned, fear (Talm. דְּאֵיג, דְּאִג id.)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְדָאַג consec. 1 S 9:5, 10:2; 2 fs. דָּאַגְתְּ Is 57:11; Impf. 3 ms. יִדְאָָג Je 17:8; אֶדְאַג Ps 38:19; Pt. דֹּאֵג Je 38:19, דֹּאֲגִים Je 42:16; —

1. be anxious, concerned, with reference to, in behalf of, c. לְ 1 S 9:5, 10:2; id. c. מִן Je 42:16 (famine personif.); sq. מֵחַטָּאתִי Ps 38:19; be anxious, abs. Je 17:8 (‖יָרֵא).

2. fear, dread, sq. acc. of pers. feared Is 57:11 (‖יָרֵא) Je 38:19 (where also sq. cl. with פֶּן).

† דֹּאֵג n.pr.m. an Edomite, servant of Saul 1 S 21:8, 22:9, 22:18, 22:18, 22:22 (v:18, v:18, v:22 Kt דויג cf. Dr) דּוֹאֵג Ps 52:2 (title).

† דְּאָגָה n.f.anxiety, anxious care—דְּאָגָה Jos 22:24 + 5 t.; anxiety for = for fear of, c. מִן Jos 22:24; anxiety Pr 12:25 (where c. verb. masc. cf. Now), Je 49:23 בַּיָּם ד׳; anxious care Ez 4:16, 12:19 (in both ‖שִׁמָּמוֹן), 12:18 (‖רַעַשׁ and רָגְזָה).

דָּאג fish, cf. דָּג sub דגה. p. 185

† [דָּאָה] vb. fly swiftly, dart through the air (cf. perhaps Ar. دَأْدَأَ run vehemently (of camel))—Qal Impf. יִדְאֶה Dt 28:49 + 2 t.; וַיֵּ֫דֶא Ps 18:11(> ‖ 2 S 22:11 וַיֵּרָא); fly swiftly, dart, of eagle Dt 28:49, in simile of swift army; of Chaldaeans camp. with eagle, in judgment against Moab & Edom Je 48:40, 49:22 (in both ‖פרשׂ כנפיו); of י׳ in theoph. Ps 18:11 (cf. 2 S 22:11) וַיֵּדֶא על־כנפי רוח (‖וַיִּרְכַּב עַל־כְּרוּב וַיָּעֹף).

† דָּאָה n.f. a bird of prey, possibly kite (Vulgate Saad. Bo:Hieroz. ii. 191 Di Lv 11:14; Aram. דַּיְתָא, ܕܰܝܬܳܐ; NH דַּיָּה of diff. birds of prey; name prob. fr. flying, swooping), Lv 11:14 forbidden as food; cf. also Dt 14:13 וְהָרָאָה ואת־הָאַיָּה והַדַּיָּה, where for הראה rd. הַדָּאָה & del. הַדַּיָּה; so Sam LXX; cf. Di l. c.

† [דַּיָּה] n.f. id.—frequenting ruins, cf. Di l. c.; דַּיּוֹת Is 34:15 (on הַדַּיָּה Dt 14:13 cf. foregoing).

דּאֹר n.pr. v. sub II. דור. p. 190

דֹּב, דּוֹב v. דבב. below

דבא (? √ of foll.; existence & mng. dub.)

† [דֹּ֫בֶא] n.[m.] perh. rest, but sense very doubtful (? Ar. بَدَأَ rest, Ḳamus; LXX SyrVer Targum Onk strength, reading perh. רבאך cf. Sam. רביך, vid. Di) :וּכְיָמֶיךָ דָּבְאֶֽךָ Dt 33:25.

† [דָּבַב] vb. move gently, glide, glide over (NH דָּבַב flow slowly, drop; Ar. دَبَّ walk leisurely, gently, دَابَّةُ any animal that walks or creeps, cf. דֹּב; As. dabâbu, plot, plan, COT:Gloss, cf. דִּבָּה)—only Qal Pt. דּוֹבֵב שִׂפְתֵי יְשֵׁנִים Ct 7:10, of wine gliding over the lips of sleepers; (שְׂפָתַי וְשִׁנָּי֑ ד׳ i.e. my lips and teeth LXX SyrVer Aq Gei:Urschrift 405).

† דֹּב n.m.:Pr 28:15, f.:2 K 2:24 (seld.) bear (from soft or gliding motion, NH id., Eth. db: As. dabû (?) Dl:S 55; Aram. דּוּבָּא, ܕܶܒܳܐ; Ar. دُبُّ, دُبَّةُ, is however a loan-word cf. Hom:NS 301 f.);—abs. דֹּב Am 5:19 + 5 t.; דּוֹב 1 S 17:34 + 2 t.; pl. דֻּבִּים 2 K 2:24, Is 59:11; —bear, female 2 K 2:24, 2 S 17:8, Pr 17:12, Ho 13:8 cf. Is 11:7; undetermined 1 S 17:34, 17:36, 17:37, Am 5:19, Pr 28:15, Is 59:11, La 3:10, La 3:10 (on art. 1 S 17:34, Am 5:19 cf. RS:Sem, i. 119 n.)

† דִּבָּה n.f. whispering, defamation, evil report (? as that which glides stealthily)—abs. ד׳ Nu 14:36, Pr 10:18; cstr. דִּבַּת Je 20:10 + 4 t.; sf. דִּבָּֽתְךָ Pr 25:10 דִּבָּתָם Gn 37:2; —

1. whispering Ps 31:14, Je 20:10 (Hi Hup De Gf VB; yet cf. Che Psalm).

2. defamation Pr 10:18 (c. הוחיא).

3. evil report, specif. a (true) report of evil doing Gn 37:2 (P) וַיָּבֵא אֶת־דִּבָּתָם רָעָה; cf. also Pr 25:10 & Ez 36:3 וַתֵּֽעֲלוּ עַל־שְׂפַת לָשׁוֹן וְדִבַּת־עָָם, unfavourable report of spies Nu 13:32, 14:36, 14:37 (all P & all c. הוֹחִיא; adj. רעה only 14:37).

† דִּבְיוֹנִים n.[m.] so Qr; = דב יונים dove’s dung (?) 2 K 6:25 for Kt חרייונים; LXX Κόπρου περιστερῶν (Klo gives conject. emend.)

דבל (Ar. دَبَلَ collect, also make into lumps, gobbets (Lane); Eth. & cogn. in deriv.)

† דְּבֵלָה n.f. lump of pressed figs, pressed (fig-) cake (NH דְּבֵילָה, Aram id., ܕܒܶܠܬܳܐ, = Greek παλάθη; Ar. دُبْلَةُ lump, large gobbet or mouthful; cf. As. dublu, foundation, & Heb. synon. אֲשִׁישָׁה Dl:HA 58)—דְּבֵלָה 1 S 30:12; cstr. דְּבֶלֶת 2 K 20:7 = Is 38:21; pl. דְּבֵלִים 1 S 25:18, 1 Ch 12:40; —used as food 1 S 25:18, 30:12, 1 Ch 12:40; דְּבֶלֶת תְּאֵנִים, as application to boil, or eruption 2 K 20:7 = Is 38:21.

† [דִּבְלָה] n.pr.loc. only c. ה loc. דִּבְלָ֫תָה Ez 6:14 but rd. רִבְלָתָה JDMich Hi Sm Co Da.

† [דִּבְלַ֫יִם] n.pr.m. father of Gomer wife of Hosea דִּבְלָָיִם Ho 1:3.

דִּבְלָתַ֫יִם in n.pr.loc. v. בית ד׳, עלמן ד׳ (possibly fr. √ דבל in sense of collect, assemble, Eth. tad4bala: III. 3 se colligere, madbal: coetus, chorus, conventus, concilium)—Je 48:22; דִּבְלָתָָיְמָה Nu 33:46, 33:47.

† דָּבַק, דָּבֵק vb. cling, cleave, keep close (NH id., Ar. دَبِقَ Aram. דְּבֵק, דְּבַק ܕܒܶܩ, ܕܒܰܩ)—Qal Pf. דָּבַק 1 K 11:2 + 2 t.; וְדָבַק consec. Gn 2:24; דָּבֵָק 2 K 3:3; 3 fs. דָּֽבְקָה Ru 1:14 + 5 t.; דָּבֵָהקָה Job 29:10; 1 S. דָּבַקְתִּי Ps 119:31; 3 pl. דָּֽבְקוּ 2 S 20:2; וְדָֽבְקוּ consec. Dt 28:60; דָּבֵָקוּ Jb 41:15; וּדְבַקְתֶּם consec. Jos 23:12; Impf. יִדְבַּק Dt 13:18 + 3 t.; 3 fs. תִּדְבַּק 2 K 5:27, Ps 137:6; וַתִּדְבַּק Gn 34:3 + 2 t.; sf. תִּדְבָּקַנִי Gn 19:19; 2 ms. תִּדְבָָּק Dt 10:20, Ez 29:4 (del. B Co); 2 fs. תִּדְבָּקִין Ru 2:8, 2:21; 3 pl. יִדְבְּקוּ Nu 36:7, 36:9; 2 mpl. תִּדְבָָּקוּ Jos 23:8; תִּדְבָּקוּ֑ן Dt 13:5; Inf. cstr. וּלְדָבְקָה־בּוֹ Dt 11:22 + 2 t.;—in Hexateuch only JD, except Nu 36:7, 36:9 (P);—

1. cling, cleave to, a. lit. sq. בְּ Jb 19:20 (bone to skin), so sq. לְ Ps 102:6; sq. אֶל 2 S 23:10 (hand to sword; accidentally om. with other words 1 Ch 11:13 cf. Dr 2 S 23:11), Je 13:11 (girdle to loins), La 4:4 (tongue to roof of mouth, in thirst), so sq. לְ Jb 29:10, Ps 137:6 (as a judgment); so also in metaph. Ps 44:26 דָּֽבְקָה לָאָרֶץ בִּטְנֵנוּ our belly cleaveth to the earth (‖שָׁחָה לֶעָפָר נַפְשֵׁנוּ), 119:25 דָּֽבְקָה לֶעָפָר נַפְשִׁי; fish to scales of crocodile (fig. of Pharaoh), sq. בְּ Ez 29:4 (but cf. supr.); abs. (recipr.) of folds of crocodile's belly Jb 41:15; further of the חֵרֶם remaining in (sticking to) the hand sq. בְּ Dt 13:18; so of spot, stain Jb 31:7; b. so also of abiding on the land of one's tribe Nu 36:7, 36:9 (sq. בְּ). c. = remain with, close to sq. עִם Ru 2:8, 2:21 sq. בְּ v:23.

2. cling, cleave to, a. fig. of loyalty, affection etc., sts. with idea of physical proximity retained, sq. בְּ Gn 2:24 (J; man to wife) cf. 34:3 (J) 1 K 11:2, Jos 23:12 (D); further Ru 1:14 (Ruth to Naomi); 2 S 20:2 (people to king); esp. (sq. בְּ) of cleaving to י׳ Dt 11:22 (‖אָהֵב, הָלַח בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו) 30:20 (‖אָהֵב, שָׁמַע בְּקֹלוֹ), Jos 22:5 (‖אָהֵב, הָלַח וגו׳, שָׁמַר מִחְוֹתָיו); cf. further Dt 10:20, 13:5, Jos 23:8 (all D), 2 K 18:6; Ps 63:9 (sq. אַחֲרֵי) & Ps 119:31 דָּבַקְתּי בְעֵֽדְוֹתֶָיךָ; so b. of the opposite דָּבֵָק…בְּחַטּאֹות יָֽרָבְעָם 2 K 3:37, c. subj. disease, calamity, sq. בְּ pers. Dt 28:60, 2 K 5:27; sq. אַחֲרֵי Je 42:16; sq. acc. Gn 19:19 (J); subj. sin Ps 101:3 (sq. בְּ pers.) Pu. Impf. 3 mpl. יְדֻבָָּקוּ pass. of Hiph. 1 sq. בְּ, of crocodile's scales, they are joined together Jb 41:9 (‖יִתְלַכְּדוּ); abs. of earth-clods Jb 38:38. Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. sf. הִדְבִּיקָָתְהוּ Ju 20:42; 3 pl. sf. הִדְבִּיקֻהוּ 2 S 1:6; 1 S. הִדְבַּקְתִּי Je 13:11; וְהִדְבַּקְתִּ֫י Ez 29:4; Impf. juss. יַדְבֵּק Dt 28:21; וַיַּדְבֵּק Gn 31:23; אַדְבִּיק Ez 3:26; וַיַּדְבִּיקוּ Ju 18:22, 20:45; וַיַּדְבְּקוּ 1 S 14:22 + 2 t. (cf. Ges:§ 53 R 4 Kö:i. 210). 1. cause to cling or cleave to, sq. acc. + אֶל, lit. וּלְשׁוֹנְךָ אַדְבִּיק אֶל־חִכֶָּךָ Ez 3:26; v. also 29:4 (sq. acc. + בְּ; lit., but in metaph.); fig. of causing to cleave to י׳ Je 13:11 (sq. acc. + אֶל); cf. further Dt 28:21 (subj. י׳, sq. acc. of disease + בְּ). 2. pursue closely, sq. אַחֲרֵי Ju 20:45, 1 S 14:22, 1 Ch 10:2 = 1 S 31:2 (sq. acc.); so also 2 S 1:6 (sq. acc.)

3. overtake, sq. acc. Gn 31:23 (E), Ju 18:22; cf. 20:42 (subj. הַמִּלְחָמַה). Hoph. Pt. וּלְשׁוֹנִי מֻדְבָּק מַלְקוֹחָָי Ps 22:16 and my tongue is made to cleave (to) my gums; cf. sub Qal 1.

† דָּבֵק adj. clinging, cleaving (to), דּ׳ abs. וְיֵשׁ אֹהֵב דָּבֵק מֵאָח Pr 18:24; דְּבֵקָה לְ 2 Ch 3:12 (of cherub's wing); of cleaving to הַדְּבֵקִים בְּ י׳ Dt 4:4.

† דֶּ֫בֶק n.m.:Is 41:7 joining, soldering, appendage—

1. דּ׳ joining, soldering Is 41:7.

2. pl. הַדְּבָקִים appendages of breastplate (?) 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33 ובין הַשִּׁרְיָן בֵּין הַדּ׳. (The Be al. cf. VB: the jointed attachment or appendage to the rigid breast-armour, which covered the abdomen; > Klo prop. appendage of helmet; Thes suggests armpits, lit. joints (cf. מַדְבְּקֵי יָד Je 38:12 Targum); Ew the soft muscles etc. connecting the chest with the bottom of the back.)

[דָּבַר]:1142 vb. speak (original mng. dub.; range in order Thes is conjectural and not comprehensive enough; treiben MV does not explain Ar. or Heb. usage, but only Aram. A mng. go away, sustained by Ar. دَبَرَ بِهِ go away with it, would best explain the four branches of usage:—(1) Ar. دَبَرَ depart, perish, IV. retreat, fig. retrograde, decline; دَبْرُ passing away, death; As. dabâru, Pi. drive away, Bez:Orient. Diplom, Vocab., Dibbara, pest-god, Hpt. in KAT:2. 500, דֶּבֶר pestilence. (2) Ar. ܕܒܰܪ follow behind, in time, place, or station; ܕܳܒܽܘܪܳܐ part behind, ܕܽܘܒܪܳܐ back, דְּבִיר hindmost chamber of temple. (3) Syr. ܕܒܰܪ lead, guide, cattle, sheep, government, take a wife, = Aram. דְּבַר; Syr. ܕܳܒܽܘܪܳܐ, Aram. דַּבָּר leader; Syr. ܕܽܘܒܳܪܳܐ, Aram. דַּבָּרָא guidance; Syr. ܕܰܒܪܳܐ, Aram. דַּבְרָא, Heb. דֹּבֶר; Syr. ܡܰܕܒܰܪ, Aram. מַדְבְּרָא, Heb. מִדְבָּר pasture, wilderness; Ar. دِبْرُ, Syr. ܕܶܒܳܘܪܝܬܳܐ, Aram. דַּבַּרְתָא, Heb. דְּבוֹרָה swarm of bees, may be in this line, as led by their queen, so Thes. (4) Ar. دَبَّرَ consider the end or issue (of an affair), relate (a story or tradition); دَبَّرَ فِي consider, دَبَّرَ عَلَي plan against; Ph. דבר speak; Heb. דִּבֶּר etc. Syn. of אָמַר say, as Aram. מַלֵּל with אֲמַר; Gk. λαλεῖν, λέγειν; Lat loqui, dicere; Germ. reden, sagen)—† Qal:41 only inf. (once ?) & pt.: Inf. sf. בְּדָבְרֶָךָ (by attraction to בְּשָׁפְטֶָךָ for usual Piel) Ps 51:6; Pt. דֹּבֵר Ex 6:29 + 30 t.; pl. דֹּבְרִים Nu 36:5, Ps 109:20; cstr. דֹּבְרֵי Ps 5:7 + 3 t.; f. דֹּבְרוֹת Nu 27:7, Ps 31:19; pass. דָּבֻר Pr 25:11; —speak, abs. Nu 27:7, 32:27, 36:5 (P) Ps 51:6 (?); דָּבָר דָּבֻר word spoken Pr 25:11; with acc. rei דֹּבֵר דָּבָר speaking a word Jb 2:13; אמת Ps 15:2, תמים Am 5:10, ישׁרים(מ) Pr 16:13, Is 33:15, חדק Is 45:19, שׁלום Est 10:3, Ps 28:3, (ים)שׁקר Ps 63:12, 101:7, Je 40:16, כזב Ps 5:7, 58:4, רע Ps 109:20, נבלה Is 9:16, הַוַּת נפשׁו Mi 7:3; with אֶל of person, unto Gn 16:13 (J) Ex 6:29 (P) Je 38:20, 40:16, Dn 10:11, Jon 3:2; בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Dt 5:1, Je 28:7; עַל concerning, about Ps 31:19, 109:20, Je 32:42 (sometimes rendered against, but dub.); עִם with Ps 28:3; הַמַּלְאָח הַדֹּבֵר בִּי the angel that spake with me (as a prophet, an instrument of communicating with Israel) Zc 1:9, 1:13, 1:14, 2:2, 2:7, 4:1, 4:4, 4:5, 5:5, 5:10, 6:4 (vid. prep. בְּ III. 2 Ew:§ 217 f. (3)). † Niph.:4 Pf. נִדְבְּרוּ Mal 3:16, נִדְבָָּרוּ Ps 119:23, נִדְבַּרְנוּ Mal 3:13; Pt. הַנִּדְבָּרִים Ez 33:30; reciprocal sense, speak with one another, talk, abs. Mal 3:16; with בְּ, against Ps 119:23, Ez 33:30; with עַל, concerning, about Mal 3:13 (RV against, vid. Ew:§ 217 i.) Pi.:1089 Pf. דִּבֶּר Gn 12:4 +, דִּבֵָּר Gn 21:1 + (on דִּבֶָּר Ex 12:25, Dt 26:19 v. Bö:§ 1021 d (1) Kö:i, 188); Impf. יְדַבֵּר Gn 44:7 +, יְדַבֶּר־ Gn 44:18 +; תְּדַבְּרוּן Gn 32:20, תְּדַבֵּרָוּן Ps 58:2; Imv. דַּבֵּר Gn 24:38 +, דַּבֶּר־ Ex 11:2 +; Inf. דַּבֵּר Gn 24:50 +, דַּבֶּר־ Is 59:13 +; Pt. מְדַבֵּר Gn 27:6 +; f. מְדַבֶּרֶת 1 S 1:13 +;—(הַדִּבֵּר Je 5:13, inf. Ki:48, prob. Ol:§ 182 e Kö:§ 23 (5), perhaps MV; but more prob. a noun, as Ges:§ 52 (2), Anm. 3 Ew:§ 156 a, dub. pf. as Sta:§ 222; בְּיוֹם דִּבֶּר Ex 6:28, Nu 3:1, Dt 4:15; תְּחִלַּת דִּבֶּר־ Ho 1:2, inf. Ki:48 Bö:§ 987 (7) Kö:§ 23 (5); but more prob. pf., as Ges:§ 52 (2). Anm. 3);—speak,

1. abs. Dt 18:17 + (throughout the literature) usu. with לֵאמֹר, less freq. וַיּאֹמֶר: 2 K 18:28 +, cf. the phrases † דברתי (י׳)אני Ez 5:13 + 18 t. Ez; † דבר כי י׳ Is 1:2, 21:17, 22:25, 24:3, 25:8, Je 13:15, Jo 4:8, Ob:18; † דבר כי פי י׳ Is 1:20, 40:5, 58:14, Mi 4:4; † פי ידבר Ps 49:4; † דבר פי(י) Ps 66:14, 145:21; † השׁכם ודבר Je 7:13, 25:3, 35:14; † עוד זה מדבר Jb 1:16, 1:17, 1:18.

2. with acc. rei, very frequently, ד׳ את הדברים האלה Ex 20:1 Dt 5:19 +; לָמָּה תְּדַבֵּר עוֹד דְּבָרֶיךָ why speakest thou any more of thy affairs ? 2 S 19:30; עַד אִם־דִּבַּרְתִּי דְּבָרָָי until I have told my errand Gn 24:33; seld. sq. דָּבָר indef.; as דָּבָר ד׳ Is 58:13 speak a (mere, empty) word; so prob. also דְּבָרִים ד׳ Ho 10:4; with other nouns, e.g. דבר קשׁות spake rough words Gn 42:7, 42:30 (E); גבהה ד׳ proud words 1 S 2:3; טבות friendly words Je 12:6; טוב 1 S 19:4, 1 K 22:13, Est 7:9; שׁקר Is 59:3 +, כוב Dn 11:27, אמת Je 9:4 +, שׁוא Ps 12:3 +; דבר שׁיר utter, sing a song Ju 5:12 משׁל 1 K 5:12; יְהוּדִית the Jewish language Ne 13:24; † סרה rebellion Dt 13:6, Je 28:16, 29:32.

3. with persons: a. rarely acc. יָֽכְלוּ דַבְּרוֹ לְשָׁלֽס they could [not] speak unto him peaceably Gn 37:4 (J; but Ew:§ 282 a about him); אֹתָם…וַיְדַבֵּר Nu 26:3 (P, but text corrupt vid. Di; not satisfactory explanation yet given, possibly rd. אִתָּם vid. d). b. most frequently with אֶל throughout the literature: Gn 8:15 +; cf. phrases אֶל משֶׁה לֵאמֹר וַיְדַבֵּר י׳ Ex 6:10 + 87 t. P; but † אל משׁה לך וידבּר י׳ Ex 32:7, 33:1 (JE); דבּר אל אהרן Lv 6:18 + 8 t. (P); ישׂראל דבר אל בני Ex 6:9 + 38 t. (P); elsewhere, Ex 19:6 (E) Dt 1:3, 4:45 (D); העדה (כל)אל ד׳ Ex 12:3, Lv 19:2, Nu 16:24, 16:26 (P); אל לב ד׳ speak unto one's heart Gn 24:45, i.e. to oneself, cf. also על לִבָּהּ ד׳ 1 S 1:13, v. 5 infr.; אל is used inexactly for על 1 S 3:12, 1 K 16:12, Is 16:13, Je 27:13, 30:4, 33:14, 36:7, 36:31, 40:2, 50:1, 51:12, 51:62 where it is rendered concerning or against. c. with לְ speak to 1 K 2:19, Ez 32:21, Dn 2:4; ליהוה speak, sing to Yahweh words of a song Jos 10:12 (D) 2 S 22:1 (= Ps 18:1 title); in D, דבר ל promise to, in phrases † ל (י׳)כאשׁר דבר Dt 1:11, 1:21, 6:3, 9:3, 10:9, 11:25, 12:20, 15:6, 18:2, 26:18, 27:3, 29:12, Jos 13:14, 13:33, 22:4, 23:5, 23:10 (all D); אשׁר דבר ל Dt 9:28, 1 K 8:24, 8:25, 8:26 (= 2 Ch 6:15, 6:16, 6:17).—דבר ל Gn 24:7, 28:15, 49:28, Ex 32:34 (J) Jos 9:21 (P) Ju 14:7, 2 S 23:3, Is 30:10, Zc 9:10 usu. rendered speak to, but oft. rather promise to. הֲיֵשׁ לְדַבֶּר־לָח אֶל־הַמֶּלֶח is it possible to speak for thee unto the king ? 2 K 4:13 (by attraction to לַעֲשׂוֹת לָח). d. with † אֵת speak with Gn 17:3, 17:22, 17:23, 21:2, 23:8, 34:6, 34:8, 35:13, 35:15, Ex 25:22, 31:18, 34:29, 34:33, 34:34, 34:35, Nu 3:1, 7:89, Jos 22:15, 22:21 (all P) Gn 35:14, 41:9, 42:7, 45:15, Jos 17:14 (all E) Dt 5:21; sources of S K Ch 2 S 3:27, 7:7 = 1 Ch 17:6, 1 K 8:15 = 2 Ch 6:4, 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23, 2 Ch 10:10 ( = אל 1 K 12:10) Je 5:5, 7:22, 9:7, 35:2, 38:25, Ez 2:1, 3:22, 3:24, 3:27, 14:4, 20:3, 44:5, Dn 1:19, Zc 8:16; cf. phrases † דבר חד את אחד speak one with another Ez 33:30; † דבר משׁפטים את speak judgments with, usu. = give judgment against, (not Je 12:1), Je 1:16, 4:12, 12:1, 39:5, 52:9 (= 2 K 25:6); דבר טבות אאת speak kindly with 2 K 25:28 = Je 52:32. e. c. † עִם speak with, (not P), Gn 29:9, 31:24, 31:29, Ex 19:9, 20:19, 20:19, 20:22, 33:9, Nu 11:17, 22:19, Jos 24:27 (all JE) Dt 5:4, 9:10, Ju 6:17, 1 S 9:25 (LXX Th We Dr וַיִּרְבְּדוּ לְ spread a couch for) 17:23, 2 S 13:22, 1 K 1:14, 1:22, 2 K 6:33, 18:26, 2 Ch 9:1 (= אֶל 1 K 10:2) Ne 9:18, Est 6:14, Je 32:4, Dn 8:18, 9:22, 10:11, 10:15, 10:17, 10:19, Ho 12:5; דִּבַּרְתִּי אֲנִי עִם לִבִּי I spake, communed with my heart Ec 1:16. f. † לִפְנֵי before, in the presence of Ex 6:12, Nu 36:1 (P) Ju 11:11, 1 K 3:22, Est 8:3.

4. with בְּ a. instrumental, דבר בְּ speak with, by, or by means of a person (vid. supr. Qal ad fin.) Nu 12:2, 12:2, 12:6, 12:8 (E) 2 S 23:2 (cf. Dr), 1 K 22:28 = 2 Ch 18:27, Hb 2:1; † בְּשֵׁם דִּבֶּר speak in the name of Ex 5:23 (J) Dt 18:19, 18:20, 18:20, 18:22, 1 Ch 21:19, Je 20:9, 26:16, 29:23, 44:16, Dn 9:6, Zc 13:3; † ביד by the hand of Nu 17:5, 27:23, Jos 20:2 (P) 1 S 28:17, 1 K 8:53 + 13 t. K, 2 Ch 10:15 (= 1 K 12:15) Is 20:2, Je 37:2, 50:1, Ez 38:17. b. local (fig.), בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Gn 20:8 (E) Ex 11:2, Dt 32:44 (J) Gn 23:16, Nu 14:28, Jos 20:4 (P) Dt 31:28; 31:30, Ju 9:2, 9:3, 1 S 8:21, 11:4, 25:24, 2 S 3:19, 3:19, Je 26:15, Pr 23:9; † בלב דבר speak in the heart Ec 2:15. c. of the object, speak of, about (prep. בְּ IV. e Ew:§ 217 f, (2)) Dt 6:7, 11:19, 1 S 19:3, 19:4, Ps 119:46, 122:8; propose for (a wife) 1 S 25:39 (cf. Ct 8:8). d. of hostility, against (Ew:§ 217 f, (1)) Nu 12:1, 12:8, 21:5, 21:7 (E) Jb 19:18, Ps 50:20, 78:19. e. of price, בְּנַפְשׁוֹ at the cost of his life 1 K 2:23 (vid. בְּ III. 3).

5. with † עַל, of the object concerning or about which one speaks Gn 18:19, Nu 10:29 (J) Jos 23:14 (D) Ju 9:3, 1 S 25:30, 1 K 2:4, 2:27, 5:13, 5:13, 14:2, 22:23 (= 2 Ch 18:22), 2 K 10:10, 19:21 = Is 37:22, 1 Ch 22:11, 2 Ch 23:3, Je 1:16, 18:7, 18:8, 18:9 42:19. It may have this sense in most if not all of the following, where RV renders 1 K 2:18, 2:19, Est 7:9, Je 18:20 for; 2 Ch 32:16, Ne 6:12, Je 11:17, 16:10, 25:13, 26:13, 26:19, 35:17, Ez 36:5, Dn 9:12, 11:36, Ho 7:13, Am 3:1 against; and 1 K 9:5, 2 K 22:19, Je 10:1, 19:15 unto (על is used for אל unto 2 Ch 32:19, Je 6:10, 25:2, 26:2, Ho 12:11); cf. the phrase † דבר על לב speak upon the heart, speak kindly, comfort Gn 34:3, 50:21 (E) Ju 19:3, Ru 2:13, 1 S 1:13 (seemingly from context על for אל, to her heart, to herself, vid. Dr), 2 S 19:8, 2 Ch 30:22, 32:6, Is 40:2, Ho 2:16.

6. with infin. † דבר לעשׂות promise to do Ex 32:14, (J) Dt 1:14, Ez 6:10, Jon 3:10; † דבר לתת promise to give Dt 19:8; † דבר למחות threaten to blot out 2 K 14:27; cf. † דבר להזהיר i.e. so as to warn Ez 3:18, 33:8.

Note.—וַתָּקָם וַתְּדַבֵּר אֶת־כָּל־זֶרַע הַמַּמְלָכָה 2 Ch 22:10 LXX ἀπώλεσε, Vulgate interfecit, scribal error for וַתְּאַבֵּד 2 K 11:1. Other explanations: plot against, waylay (Ar. دَبَّرَ) Thes MV; pronounce sentence, ellipt. וַתְּדַבֵּר מִשְׁפָּטִים Ges:Hdw Rob; but cf. VB.—† Pu. Impf. בַּיּוֹם שֶׁיְּדֻבַּר־בָּהּ in the day when she may be spoken for Ct 8:8 (vid. Pi. 4 c); Pt. נִכְבָּדוֹת מְדֻבָּר בָּח glorious things are being spoken in thee (RV Pe MV of thee) Ps 87:3. † Hithp. Pt. מִדַּבֵּר = מִתְדַּבֵּר with acc. מִדַּבֵּר הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה speaking this word 2 S 14:13; מִדַּבֵּר אֶל׳ (אֵת הַקּוֹל)שָׁמַע heard (the voice, or) one speaking unto Nu 7:89 (P) Ez 2:2, 43:6 (Di Nu 7:89 would rd. מְדַבֵּר after LXX; the meaning not appreciably different from Piel; the Hithp. difficult to reconcile with אֶל). † Hiph. Impf. וַיַּדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתָּי Ps 18:48 (2 S 22:48 has וּמֹרִיד for rare וַיַּדְבֵּר), יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ 47:4; either (cf. Aram. דַּבַּר) leads subject (so Ges coegit, De Now), or (cf. Ar. أَدْبَرَ turn the back, retreat puts to flight, fig. for subdues (so Hi).

דָּבָר:1439 n.m. speech, word—Gn 18:14 + 446 t.; cstr. דְּבַר Gn 12:17 + 361 t.; sf. דְּבָרִי Nu 11:23 + (sfs. 66 t.); sg. in all 875 t.; pl. דְּבָרִים Ex 4:10 + 182 t.; cstr. דִּבְרֵי Gn 24:30 + 253 t.; sf. דְּבָרָיו Gn 37:8 (sfs. 127 t.); pl. in all 564 t.;—

1. sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken: 1. of men, a. נְבוֹן דָּבָר discreet in speech 1 S 16:18; שְׂפָתַיִם ד׳ speech of lips Ps 59:13, mere talk Is 36:5 (= 2 K 18:20) Pr 14:23 (cf. Ps 17:4 speech of God's lips); דָּבָר מָר bitter speech Ps 64:4; כָּזָב ד׳ lying speech Pr 30:8; דְּבָֽרְךָ טוֹכ thy saying is good 1 S 9:10; וּדְבַר אַבְנֵר הָיָה עִם and the speech of Abner had been with the elders of Israel 2 S 3:17 (cf. 1 K 1:7); † אמר הדבר הזה say this saying Je 23:38, 31:23 cf. 13:12, 14:17 (of God), 1 S 8:10 (דִּבְרֵי י׳). b. word of command, מֶּלֶח(הַ) ד׳ 1 Ch 21:4, 21:6, Est 1:12 + 6 t. Est, Ec 8:4 cf. 2 Ch 30:5, 31:5, Dn 9:23, 9:25; † מַלְכוּת ד׳ royal edict Est 1:19; כדבר עשׂה do according to the command of Gn 44:2, 47:30, Ex 8:9, 8:27, 12:35, 32:28 (J) Lv 10:7 (P) Ju 11:10, Ezr 10:5, Ne 5:12, 5:13; cf. 2 S 17:6 (word of counsel), 1 K 3:12 (request), 1 K 17:13 (proposal; on these mngs. v. infr.) c. message, report, tidings, וַיִּשְׁמַע הָעָם אֶת־הַדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה and the people heard this evil report Ex 33:4 (JE) cf. 1 K 20:12; הדבר (היה)אמת the report was true 1 K 10:6 = 2 Ch 9:5; עַד בּוֹא דָבָר מֵעִמָּכֶם until word come from you 2 S 15:28; ויגע הדבר אל מלך נינוה Jon 3:6; † הֵשִׁיב דָּבָר return or bring word, report Gn 37:14, Nu 13:26, 22:8 (J) Dt 1:22, 1:25, Jos 14:7, 22:32 (D) 1 K 2:30, 20:9, 2 K 22:9, 22:20 (= 2 Ch 34:16, 34:28), but answer 1 S 17:30, 2 S 3:11, 24:13 (= 1 Ch 21:12), 1 K 12:6, 12:9 (= 2 Ch 10:6, 10:9), 12:16, Ne 2:20, Pr 18:13, 27:11, Is 41:28, Ez 9:11 (Dr:Sm, p, 190 explains the phrase as turn back with a word); cf. ענה (לא)דבר answer something or nothing 1 K 18:21, 2 K 18:36, Ps 119:42, Is 36:21, Je 44:20 vid. IV. 6; דברים השׁיב return words Ex 19:8 (E) Pr 24:26 vid. III. 1. d. advice, counsel, בדבר בלעם by advice of Balaam Nu 31:16 (P), cf. Ju 20:7, 2 S 19:44, Est 5:5. e. request, אמתו of his maid, עבדו of his servant 2 S 14:15, 14:22. f. promise, לא יחל דברו he shall not break his word Nu 30:3 (P), cf. הקים דבר perform a promise Ne 5:13, vid. also 2 b. g. charge, complaint, אם אמת היה הדבר הזה if this charge be true Dt 22:20 cf. 13:15, 17:4, שׂים דבר בְּ 1 S 22:15, שׂים עלילות דברים לְ Dt 22:14, 22:17. h. decision, sentence, דְּבַר הַמִּשְׁפָּט the sentence of judgment Dt 17:9 cf. v:10, v:11. i. theme, story, רָחַשׁ לִבִּי דָּבָר טוֹב my heart swells with a good theme Ps 45:2; דְּבַרגְּבוּרוֹת the story of his great might Jb 41:4.

2. word of God, as a divine communication in the form of commandments, prophecy, and words of help to his people, used 394 times. This word is communicated in several ways: a. אל ויהי דבר י׳ then the word of Yahweh came unto 1 S 15:10, 2 S 7:4 (cf. אלהים 1 Ch 17:3), 1 K 6:11, 13:20, 16:1, 17:2, 17:8, 21:17, 21:28, 2 Ch 11:2 (cf. האלהים 1 K 12:22): cf. 1 Ch 22:8 (על by confusion), Is 38:4, Je 1:4 + 20 t. Je, Ez 3:16 + 41 t. Ez. Jon 1:1, 3:1, Hg 2:20, Zc 4:8, 6:9, 7:4, 7:8, 8:1 (without אל) v:18; † אל י׳ היה ד׳ Gn 15:1, 2 Ch 12:7, Je 25:3 + 4 t. Je, Ez 1:3 + 7 t. Ez, Dn 9:2, Zc 1:1, 1:7, 7:1; † אל י׳ הנה ד׳ Gn 15:4, 1 K 19:9; † היה אל י׳ ד׳ 2 S 24:11, 1 K 16:7, 18:1, 2 K 20:4, Ez 24:20; † ביד י׳ היה ד׳ Hg 1:1, 2:1, 2:10; † ביד י׳ ויהי ד׳ Hg 1:3; † אשׁר י׳ היה אל ד׳ Ho 1:1, Jo 1:1, Mi Zp 1:1; † י׳ אליו אשׁר היה ד׳ 1 K 18:31 Je 1:2; † אל יר׳ י׳ אשׁר היה ד׳ Je 14:1, 46:1, 47:1, 49:34 (vid. אשׁר 6 a); הדבר אשׁר היה אל Je 7:1 + 11 t. Je; † י׳ את ד׳ 2 K 3:12, Je 23:28, 27:18; cf. אֵלַי דָּבָר יְגֻנָּב unto me a word was brought by stealth Jb 4:12, cf. וְטֶרֶם יִגָּלֶה אֵלָיו דְּבַר י׳ and the word of Yahweh was not yet revealed unto him 1 S 3:7. Yahweh also sends his word שׁלח Ps 107:20, 147:18, Is 9:7, Je 42:5 (cf. pl. Zc 7:12) and makes it an object of vision ראה Je 2:31, 38:21 (cf. pl. Ez 11:25), חזה Is 2:1; it is also commanded חוה Ex 16:16, 16:32, 35:4, Lv 8:5, 9:6, 17:2, Nu 30:2, 36:6 (P) Dt 4:2, 13:1, 15:15, Jos 1:13, 4:10 (D) 1 Ch 16:15 (= Ps 105:8) Ne 1:8, Je 7:23, cf. הדברים אשׁר חוה Ex 35:1, Lv 8:36 (P) Ex 19:7 (E) Dt 6:6. b. Yahweh confirms his word of promise Dt 9:5, 1 S 1:23 (where read דְּבָרֵח thy word acc. to LXX SyrVer & Dr), 1 K 2:4, 6:12, 8:20, Je 29:10, 33:14, and his word of warning 1 K 12:15, Dn 9:12; his word stands for ever Is 40:8; it is settled for ever in heaven Ps 119:89; he remembers his holy word דבר קדשׁו Ps 105:42 (cf. דִּבְרֵי קָדְשׁוֹ Je 23:9); he himself Jo 2:11, the angels Ps 103:20, and forces of nature Ps 148:8 עשׂה דברו do his word of command; by his word the heavens were made Ps 33:6; it is near his people, in their mouth and heart Dt 30:14; a lamp to their feet Ps 119:105. II. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse:—1. of men, a. דָּבָר בְּעִתּוֹ a word in due season Pr 15:23 cf. Jb 4:2, Pr 12:25; commonly in plural, † (ה)שִּׁירָ(הַ)דִּבְרֵי words of the song (i.e. its lines of poetry) Dt 31:30, 32:44, Ps 18:1 (= 2 S 22:1) 137:3; הלל בדברי דויד to sing praises with the words of David (his psalms) 2 Ch 29:30; דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים sentences of the wise Pr 1:6, 22:17, Ec 9:17, 12:11; these sayings are commonly written, cf. דברי האגרת words of the letterEst 9:26; הדברים עתיקים the records are ancient 1 Ch 4:22; דִּבְרֵי סֵפֶר(ה) Is 29:11, 29:18, Je 29:1. b. title of writings: דִּבְרֵי קֹהֶלֶת Ec 1:1, אגור ד׳ Pr 30:1, למואל ד׳ Pr 31:1, ירמיהו ד׳ Je 1:1, so Am 1:1, Ne 1:1; cf. in appended phrase or clause, Je 51:64, איוב ד׳ Jb 31:40. c. in Ch name of a work: החזים ד׳ 2 Ch 33:18, 33:19, שׁמעיה בד׳ 2 Ch 12:15, יהוא בד׳ 2 Ch 20:34, שׁמואל על ד׳ 1 Ch 29:29; נתן על ד׳ 1 Ch 29:29, 2 Ch 9:29, גד על ד׳ 1 Ch 29:29. (It is not certain whether writings of prophets or histories about them are referred to; in the latter case they are acts, IV. 2, vid. Dr:Intr 497.) 2. of God: עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדְּבָרִים the ten words (sentences in the tables) Ex 34:28 (JE) Dt 4:13, 10:4, referred to as הדברים Ex 34:1 (JE) Dt 4:10, 4:36, 5:19, 9:10, 10:2; of commands of covenant code Ex 24:3, 24:4, 24:8 cf. 34:27 (JE); of Deuteronomic code Dt 17:19 (+ 16 t. D) 2 K 22:11, 23:3–24 (cf. 2 Ch 34:19–31) Je 11:2 – 8 34:18; the law-book of Joshua Jos 24:26 (E); of the code of Ezra Ezr 7:11, 9:4, Ne 8:9, 8:13; the words of Yahweh written by Jeremiah Je 25:13, 36:4–32 51:61; the words of the book of Daniel Dn 12:4, 12:9; commands in general 1 S 15:11, Ps 50:17, 119:57, 119:130, 119:139; promises 2 S 7:28, Ne 9:8, cf. 1 Ch 25:5, 2 Ch 36:16. III. a word, words:—1. of men: שָׂפָה אֶחָָת וּדְבָרִים אֲחָדִים one lip, and one and the same words Gn 11:1 (J); אֵין אֹמֶר וְאֵין דְּבָרִים no speech and no words Ps 19:4; אִישׁ דְּבָרִים man of words, ready in speech, Ex 4:10 (J); רב דברים multitude of words Jb 11:2, Pr 10:19, Ec 5:2; קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם דְּבָרִים take with you words Ho 14:3; שׁקר(ה) (י)דבר lying word(s) Ex 5:9, 23:7 (E) Pr 13:5, 29:12, Is 59:13, Je 7:4, 7:8; דִּבְרֵי רוּחַ words of wind, vain words Jb 16:3; וּמַה־שֶּׁמֶץ דָּבָר נִשְׁמַע־בּוֹ and what a whisper of a word we hear of him! Jb 26:14. 2. of God. It is difficult to determine how many of the following should come under II. 2. The pl. for words of God is relatively seldom: Gn 20:8, Ex 19:6, Nu 12:6, Jos 3:9 (E) Ex 4:28, 4:30, Nu 11:24 (J) Dt 18:19, Jos 23:14 (D) 1 S 3:18, 8:10, 15:1, 2 Ch 11:4, Jb 42:7, Pr 30:6, Is 31:2, Dn 10:11, Am 8:11, Mi 2:7, apart from Je 3:12 + 30 t. Je, Ez 2:7 + 4 t. Ez, Zc 1:6 + 4 t. Zc. IV. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks:—1. business, occupation: דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶח king's business 1 S 21:9; לְכָל־דְּבַר for every matter of 1 Ch 26:32, 27:1, 2 Ch 19:11; דְּבָרֶיךָ לְכָל־ for all thine affairs 1 Ch 28:21; דבר המזבח Nu 18:7; דָּבָר אֵין־לָהֶם עִם they had not dealings with Ju 18:7, 18:28; † דְּבַר־יוֹם בְּיוֹמוֹ the task or portion of a day in its day, daily duty or due Ex 5:13, 5:19 (E) 16:4 (J) Lv 23:37 (P) 1 K 8:59, 2 K 25:30, 1 Ch 16:37, 2 Ch 8:13 (ביום) v:14, 31:16, Ezr 3:4, Ne 11:23, 12:47, Je 52:34, Dn 1:5; † דבר שׁנה בשׁנה 1 K 10:25, 2 Ch 9:24. 2. pl. acts cstr. דִּבְרֵי 1 K 11:41, 11:41, 1 Ch 29:29, 2 Ch 12:15, 16:11; † דְּבָרָיו his acts 2 Ch 13:22, 35:27; especially in phrases, עַל־סֵפֶר דִּבְרֵי…וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים and the rest of the acts of…in the book of the chronicles (daily record of events) of 1 K 14:29 + 32 t. K.; וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי 2 Ch 13:22 + 8 t. Ch, וְיֶתֶר דְּבָרָיו 2 Ch 28:26, שְׁאָר דִּבְרֵי 2 Ch 9:29 are referred to various sources; cf. also במספר דברי הימים 1 Ch 27:24, בדברי דויד 1 Ch 23:27, על־דברי מלכי ישׂראל 2 Ch 33:18: דברים טובים good deeds 2 Ch 12:12,
tag=chbr
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; דִּבְרֵי עֲוֹנֹת acts of iniquity Ps 65:4 (De, Fälle von Missethaten); דִּבְרֵי־רָע evil deeds Je 5:28. It is used of God, only in כל דבריו לא יענה Jb 33:13, אֹתוֹתָיו ד׳ Ps 105:27, נִפְלְאֹתֶיךָ ד׳ Ps 145:5.

3. matter, affair: דבר אוריה affair of Uriah 1 K 15:5; שׁרשׁ דבר root of the matter Jb 19:28; מה היה הדבר how went the matter ? 1 S 4:16, 2 S 1:4 cf. Ru 3:18; סבב את פני הדבר change the face of the matter 2 S 14:20; דִּבְרֵי הָאֲתֹנוֹת the matter of the asses 1 S 10:2; זה דבר הרחח this is the case of the slayer Dt 19:4; לְכָל־דְּבָרָיו 1 K 6:38 as to all its particulars.

4. events, things: in the phrase, † אחר הדברים האלה after these things (events in time) Gn 15:1, 22:1, 40:1 (E) 39:7 (J) 1 K 17:17, 21:1, Ezr 7:1, Est 2:1, 3:1; † האלה אחרי הדברים Gn 48:1, Jos 24:29 (E) Gn 22:20 (J) 2 Ch 32:1.

5. cause, case for judicial investigation: כִּי־יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר if they have a case Ex 18:16 cf. 18:22, 22:8; בעל דברים one having a case Ex 24:14, cf. בדבר משׁפט 2 Ch 19:6; דְּבָרֶיךָ טוֹבִים וּנְכֹחִים pleas, good and right 2 S 15:3 cf. Jos 20:4.

6. something, anything (indefinite): עשׂה דבר do a thing Gn 22:16 + (frequent); עשׂה דברים Is 42:16 + (less frequent); דבר היפלא מי׳ Gn 18:14 cf. Je 32:17, 32:27; דבר…לא nothing 1 K 5:7, 10:3, Is 39:2, Je 42:4 + (frequent), אין דבר Ex 5:11 (E) Nu 20:19, 1 S 20:21; לא דבר מ׳ nothing of Ex 9:4 (J) Jos 8:35, 11:15, 21:45, 23:14 (D); כל דבר anything Nu 31:23, Dt 23:20 +; דבר רע Ps 141:4 +; טוב ד׳ 1 K 14:13 + ; דְּבַר־מָה whatsoever Nu 23:3 (E); עֶרְוַת דבר Dt 23:15 naked-ness of a thing, i.e. unclean or unseemly thing (indecency in camp); so of a wife 24:1.

7. way, manner: זֶה דְּבַר הַשִּׁמִטָּה this is the manner of the release Dt 15:2 (cf. SI:1); כֵּן דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶח so was the way of the king Est 1:13; הזה כדבר after this manner, thus † Gn 18:25, 32:20, 44:7 (JE) 2 S 15:6, Ezr 10:5, Ne 5:12, 5:13 with (עשׂה), 1 S 9:21, 2 S 14:3, 17:6 (דבר), 1 S 17:27; 17:30 Is 8:20 (אמר), Ne 6:4, 6:5 (שׁלח), Ne 6:4 (השׁיב) cf. 1 S 17:30, 2 K 7:19 (היה) (peculiar to D, כדבר הרע הזה such a wicked deed as this Dt 13:12, 19:20, כדבר הגדול הזה Dt 4:32); כדברים האלה עשׂה thus and thus did he Gn 39:19 (J) 1 S 2:23 (but usually the pl. = these words).

8. reason, cause: זֶּה דְבַר־הַמַּס 1 K 9:15; זה הדבר אשׁר this is the reason why Jos 5:4 (D) 1 K 11:27; so 1 S 17:29 AV RV, was it not but a word ? Th Ke RVm VB Dr; …עַל דְּבַר because of, for the sake of Gn 20:11, 20:18 (E) 12:17, 43:18, Ex 8:8 (J) Nu 17:14 (P) Ps 45:5, 79:9, עַל דִּבְרֵי Je 14:1; עַל־דִּבְרֵיכֶם for your sakes Dt 4:21, עַל דְּבַר אשׁר Dt 22:24, 22:24, 23:5, 2 S 13:22.

דֶּ֫בֶר:49 n.m. pestilence (cf. Ar. دَبْرُ, إِدْبَارُ, departure, death)—Ex 9:3 + ; דָָּבֶר Hb 3:5; sf. דְּבָרֶיךָ Ho 13:14; —

1. plague, pestilence, in general Ex 5:3, 9:15, Nu 14:12 (J) Lv 26:25 (H) Dt 28:21, 2 S 24:13, 24:15 (+ v:15 a LXX We Dr) = 1 Ch 21:12, 21:14, 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28, 2 Ch 7:13, 20:9, Ps 91:3, 91:6, Je 14:12 + 16 t. Je, Ez 5:12 + 11 t. Ez, Ho 13:14, Am 4:10, Hb 3:5. Rd. וּבַדָָּבֶר, or the like, 1 S 4:8, for MT בַּמִּדְבָּר, We Klo Dr. †

2. cattle-plague, murrain Ex 9:3 (J) = Ps 78:50.

† [דֹּ֫בֶר] n.[m.] pasture (cf. Aram. דַּבְרָא, Syr. ܕܰܒܪܳܐ)—sf. כְּעֵדֶר בְּתוֹח הַדָּֽבְרוֹ as a flock in the midst of its pasture Mi 2:12 (art. with sf., cf. Ges:§ 127, 4 b, who attaches ו as conj. to foll. word); וְרָעזּ כְבָשִׂים כְּדֳבְרָם and lambs shall feed as (in) their pasture Is 5:17.

† דֹּבְרוֹת n.f.pl. floats, rafts 1 K 5:23.

† [דִּבְרָה] n.f. cause, reason, manner—cstr. עַל דִּבִרַת because of, for the sake of Ec 3:18, 7:14, 8:2; עַל־דִּבְרָתִי מַלְכִּי־חֶדֶק after the order, or manner, of Melchizedek Ps 110:4 (י ancient genit. ending, to soften transition in poetry, Ges:§ 90 (3) a); sf. דִּבְרָתִי my cause, suit Jb 5:8.

† I. דְּבוֹרָה n.f. bee (cf. Ar. دِبْرُ, swarm of bees, Aram. דַּבַּרְתָּא, Syr. ܕܶܒܽܘܪܺܝܬܳܐ) Is 7:18; pl. דְּבֹרִים Dt 1:44, Ju 14:8, Ps 118:12. Rd. also דְּבֹרוֹ its bees 1 S 14:26 for MT דְּבַשׁ cf. LXX We Dr.

† II. דְּבוֹרָה n.pr.f. (bee)—

1. the nurse of Rebekah Gn 35:8.

2. the prophetess Ju 4:4, 4:5, 4:9, 4:10, 4:14, 5:1, 5:7, 5:12, 5:15.

† דָּֽבְרַת n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Issachar, the present Debûrije at the foot of Mt. Tabor (Rob:BR iii. 210 Bd:Pal 249) Jos 19:12 (הַדָּֽבְרַת) 21:28, 1 Ch 6:57.

† I. דְּבִיר n.m. (cf. Ar. دُبُرُ back, دَبْرُ part behind) hindmost chamber, innermost room of the temple of Solomon = קדשׁ הקדשׁים holy of holies, most holy place, the place of the ark and the cherubic images, the throne-room of Yahweh 1 K 6:5, 6:16, 6:19, 6:20, 6:21, 6:22, 6:23, 6:31, 7:49 ( = 2 Ch 4:20) 8:6, 8:8 ( = 2 Ch 5:7, 5:9) 2 Ch 3:16, Ps 28:2. Prob. rd. דְּבִיר 2 K 10:25 also, for MT עִיר; so Klo after LXXL. (It is translated oracle in AV RV after Aq Sym χρηματιστήριον, Vulgate oraculum, on the incorrect theory that it was derived from דִּבֶּר speak.)

† II. דְּבִיר

1. n.pr.m. king of Eglon Jos 10:3.

2. n.pr.loc. a. דְּבִ֫רָה c. ה—ָ loc., N. border Judah Jos 15:7 (westward Hup Ps 28:2). b. לִדְבִר town of the Gadites Jos 13:26, perh. Lôdebâr 2 S 9:4 vid. לאֹ דְבָר Di MV. c. דְּבִיר Ju 1:11, 1:11, 1 Ch 6:43, דְּבִרָה Jos 10:38, 10:39, elsewhere דְּבִר Jos 15:15 +, a royal city of Canaanites anciently called קִרְיַת סֵפֶר Jos 15:15, Ju 1:11, קִרְיַת סַנָּה Jos 15:49; on the mountains of Judah, in region of Hebron Jos 11:21, 15:49, assigned to the Aaronite priests Jos 21:15 as a city of refuge 1 Ch 6:43; mod. Dhoherîye, 5 hours SW. fr. Hebron, acc. to Kn, so Survey:iii. 402; other conject. in Di Jos 10:39 Ri:HWB 265.

† דִּבֵּר n.[m.] speaking (so Ew:§ 156) Je 5:13 וְהַדִּבֵּר אֵין בָּהֶם; acc. to Hi Gf Ki (less prob.) vb. with art. for relat. (vid. [דָּבַר] Pi.): but rd. rather הַדָּבָר, and the word is not in them.

† [דַּבֶּ֫רֶת] n.f. word—יִשָּׂא מִדַּבְּרֹתֶיךָ he receiveth of thy words Dt 33:3 (poem).

† דִּבְרִי n.pr.m. a Danite Lv 24:11.

† I. [מִדְבָּר] n.m. mouth, as organ of speech,—מִדְבָּרֵךְ נָאוֶה thy mouth is lovely Ct 4:3 ‖שִׁפְתוֹתַיִךְ, LXX λαλιά, Jer eloquium.

II. מִדְבָּר:270 n.m. wilderness—Dt 32:10 +; c. ה loc. מִדְבָּ֫רָה Jos 18:12 + 15 t.; cstr. Ex 15:22 +; מִדְבַּ֫רָה 1 K 19:15; sf. מִדְבָּרָהּ Is 51:3; —

1. tracts of land, used for the pasturage of flocks and herds, דָּֽשְׁאוּ נְאוֹת מִדְבָּר the pastures of the wilderness put forth green grass Jo 2:22; מ׳ יִרְעֲפוּ נ׳ the pastures of the wilderness drop (fertility) Ps 65:13; מ׳ יָֽבְשׁוּ נ׳ are dried up Je 23:10, cf. Je 9:9, Jo 1:19, 1:20.

2. uninhabited land, מִדְבָּר לאֹ־אָדָם בּוֹ wilderness in which is no man Jb 38:26; the abode of pelicans Ps 102:7; wild asses Jb 24:5, Je 2:24; jackals Mal 1:3; ostriches Lam 4:3; מִי־יִנֵנִי בַמִּדְבָּר מְלוֹן אֹרְחִים וְאֶֽעֶזְבָה אֶת־עַמִּי O that I had in the wilderness a lodging place of wayfarers, that I might leave my people Je 9:1; טוֹב שֶׁבֶת בְּאֶרֶץ מִדְבָּר better to dwell in a desert land, than with a contentious woman Pr 21:19; בְּאֶרֶץ מִדְבָּר וּבְתֹהוּ יְלֵל יְשִׁמֹן in a desert land, and in a waste howling wilderness Dt 32:10.

3. large tracts of such land bearing various names, in certain districts of which there might be towns and cities: יִשְׂאוּ מִדְבָּר וְעָרָיו חֲחֵרִים תֵּשֵׁב קֵדָר let the wilderness and its cities lift up (their voice), the villages that Kedar doth inhabit Is 42:11. There were six cities in the wilderness of Judah Jos 15:61, 15:62; הַמִּדְבָּר usually = wilderness of the wanderings Gn 14:6, Nu 14:16, 14:29, 14:32, 14:33, 14:33 +, or the great Arabian desert Ju 11:22 +; but may also refer to any other Ct 3:6, 8:5. Special tracts—(a) of the wilderness of the wandering were שׁוּר מ׳ Ex 15:22, סיןEx 16:1 +, סיני Ex 19:1 +, פארן Nu 13:26 +, חן Nu 20:1 +, קדשׁ Ps 29:8, אתם Nu 33:8; (b) in W. Pal. יהודה מ׳ Ju 1:16, Ps 63:1 cf. Jos 15:61, מעוֹן 1 S 23:24, 23:25, זיף 1 S 23:15, 26:2, באר שׁבע Gn 21:14, עין גדי 1 S 24:2, תקוע 2 Ch 20:20, ירואל 2 Ch 20:16, גבעון 2 S 2:24; (c) in East. Palestine מואב Dt 2:8, אדום 2 K 3:8, קדמות Dt 2:26.

4. fig. וְשַׂמְתִּיהָ כַמִּדְבָּר וְשַׁתִּהָ כְּאֶרֶץ חִיָּה and (lest I) make her as a wilderness and set her like a dry land Ho 2:5; הֲמִדְבָּר הָיִיתִי לְיִשְׂרָאֵל have I been a wilderness to Israel ? Je 2:31.

דבשׁ (√ of foll.; cf. Ar. ادبسّ IX. become black or brown, of a colour between black and red; vid. deriv.; so Fl v. infr.; yet vb. in this mng. perh. denom. fr. دِبْسُ i.e. having the colour of dibs).

† דְּבַשׁ:54 n.m.:1 S 14:29 honey (named from colour acc. to Fl NHWB:i. 430; Ar. دِبْسُ (دُبْسُ, دِبِسُ) date-honey; NH דְּבַשׁ, Aram. דּובשא, ܕܒܰܫ, ܕܶܒܫܳܐ, honey both of fruits and of bees; cf. also As. disûpu COT:Gloss Zim:BP 84 Dl:Pr 70)—abs. ד׳ Gn 43:11 + 33 t.; דְּבָָשׁ Ex 3:8 + 18 t.; sf. דִּבְשִׁי Ct 5:1; —honey, product of bees, used as food Ju 14:8, 14:9, 14:18 (in lion's carcass); found in (clefts of) rock Dt 32:13 (מִסֶּלַע ד׳, in song, JE), Ps 81:17 (מִצּוּר ד׳); in forest, on ground 1 S 14:25 (על־פני השׂדה) v:26 (הֵלֶח ד׳; but read rather הָלַח דְּבֹרוֹ its bees had departed, We Dr after LXX) v:29, v:43; transported in jar or bottle בַּקְבֻּק ד׳ 1 K 14:3; contrib. to priests and Levites 2 Ch 31:5; ‖חֶמְאָה 2 S 17:29, Is 7:15, 7:22 (in last two the being limited to such food is apparently token of destitution); kept in store Je 41:8; a choice gift Gn 43:11 (J); article of trade Ez 27:17 (in these two perh. = grape syrup, mod. dibs, cf. Di Gn 43:11 v. Rob:BR ii. 81); forbidden as burnt offering Lv 2:11 (‖שְׂאֹר); honey comb = יַעְרַת הַדּ׳ 1 S 14:27 (cf. יַעְרִי Ct 5:1); also חוּף ד׳Pr 16:24 (cf. נֹפֶת חופים Ps 19:11); most often in phrase describing abundance in land of Canaan אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּד׳ Ex 3:8, 3:17, 13:5, 33:3 (all JE) Lv 20:24 (H) Nu 13:27, 14:8, 16:18, 16:14 (all JE) Dt 6:3, 11:9, 26:9, 26:15, 27:3, 31:20 (all D) Jos 5:6 (D) Je 11:5, 32:22, Ez 20:6, 20:15; cf. Dt 8:8, 2 K 18:32 (of land of captivity, words of the Rabshak); v. also Ez 16:13, 16:19, Jb 20:17 וְחֶמְאָה נַחֲלֵי ד׳; honey, used to illustrate moral teachings Pr 24:13 (‖נֹפֶת), 25:16, 25:27 (danger of surfeit); sim. of sweetness of taste Ez 3:3 (the roll), cf. כְּחַפִּיחִת בִּד׳ Ex 16:31 (P; description of manna); of sweetness of the law Ps 19:11 (‖נֹפֶת חוּפִים) cf. 119:103; (of pleasant words Pr 16:24 cf. supr.); sweetness of lips וְחָלָב ד׳ Ct 4:11; fig. of love דִּבְשִׁי Ct 5:1 (‖יַעְרִי, יֵינִי, חֲלָבִי).

† [דַּבֶּ֫שֶׁת]

1. n.f. hump (of camel) (etymol.?) cstr. Is 30:6 על־דַּבֶּשֶׁת גְּמַלִּים.

2. n.pr.loc. on border of Zebulum Jos 19:11 דַּבָָּשֶׁת.

† יִדְבָּשׁ n.pr.m. a son of Etam ? 1 Ch 4:3; MT has וְיִדְבָָּשׁ…וְאֵלָּה אֲבִי עֵיטָם יִזְרְעֶאל LXX οὗτοι υἱοἰ Αἰτάν, cf. Vulgate; = וְאֵלָּה בְנֵי ע׳ cf. Be Öt ( < אלה בני אבי ע׳, as some MSS.) On real significance of names cf. עֵיטָם.

† [דָּגָה] vb. multiply, increase (intr.);—Qal Impf. 3 mpl. וְיִדְגּוּ לָרֹב בקרב הארץ Gn 48:16 (E).

† דָּג n.m.:Jon 2:1 fish (NH id.)—דָּגJon 2:1, 2:1, 2:11 + Ne 13:16 Qr (Kt דָּאג); דָּגִים 1 K 5:13 + 6 t.; דְּגֵי Gn 9:2 + 7 t.;—fish of sea Jon 2:1, 2:1, 2:11 (in v:1 גָּדוֹל ד׳); Ne 13:16 (דָּאג Kt דָּג article of Tyrian trade; only here coll., rd. perh. דָּגָה; or regard as late usage, cf. converse דָּגָה of individual Jon 2:2);—elsewhere always pl.: as subj. of Solomon's utterance 1 K 5:13; fish-spear חִלְחַל דגים Jb 40:31; most often דְּגֵי הַיָּםGn 9:2 (P), Ps 8:9, Ho 4:3, Zp 1:3, Ez 38:20, Jb 12:8 (in all opp. to beasts & birds, & appar. used with them, + רֶמֶשׂ Ez. cf. vb. רמשׂ Gn, for animal creation in general; also Hb 1:14 cf. infr.); Nu 11:22 (JE) of fish (with beasts) as food (cf. Gn 9:2 f.) in simile of men ensnared, like fish taken in net (מְחוֹדָה) Ec 9:12 cf. Hb 1:14 (דְּגֵי הַיָּם); 4 t. שַׁעַר הַדָּגִים fish-gate 2 Ch 33:14, Zp 1:10, Ne 3:3, 12:39 (on situation cf. שַׁעַר).

† דָּגָה n.f. fish (NH id.)—דָּגָה Nu 11:5 + 5 t.; cstr. דְּגַת Gn 1:26 + 4 t. + Ez 29:4 b (del. B Co); sf. דְּגָתוֹ Ez 47:10 LXX Vulgate Co; (MT דגתם), דְּגָתָם Is 50:2, Ps 105:29 + Ez 47:10 MT cf. supr.—fish, almost always coll.; fish of sea דְּגַת הַיָּם Gn 1:26, 1:28 (P) Ez 47:10 (in sim.); in Nile (יְאֹר) Ex 7:18, 7:21 (E) cf. Ps 105:29, דְּגַת יְאֹרֶיךָ Ez 29:4, 29:4 (cf. supr.) v:5; in sea and rivers Is 50:2, Ez 47:9, 47:10; food in Egypt Nu 11:5 (JE); image of fish forbidden in worship, as of beasts and birds Dt 4:18 (on sacredness of fish, and use in sacrifice cf. Selden:De Diis Syris, ii. 3. RS:Sern. i. 274); of single fish only Jon 2:2 (2:1, 2:1, 2:11 דָּג) by late usage; cf. conversely דָּאג = דָּגָהcoll. Ne 13:16.

† [דוג, דִּיג] vb. denom. fish for, catch—Qal Pf. 3 mpl. sf. וְדִיגוּם consec. Je 16:16 (but as Qal dub. Ges:§ 73. 2; Sta:§ 160 b. 2 regards as Hiph. (abbrev.), Nö:ZMG. 1883, 540 conj. Pi.)

† [דַּיָּג] n.m.:Ex 47:10 fisher, fisherman, only pl. דַּיָּגִים Is 19:8, דַּיָּגִים Qr Je 16:16 (Kt דוגים), דַּוָּגִיםEz 47:10 & Kt Je 16:16.

† דּוּגָה n.f. fishing, fishery, only in וְנִשָּׂא בְּסִירוֹת דּוּגָה Am 4:2 (‖בְּחִנּוֹת) of י׳, metaph. for dragging Isr. captive (cf. for practice referred to, in case of fish, Ez 29:4 & Jb 40:26 scornful summons to do it with crocodile, if possible ! v. Herod:ii. 70 on mode of capturing crocodiles).

† דָּגוֹן n.pr.m.: 1 S 5:4 god & idol of Philistines (cf. As. Dagan, Dakan(nu), name perh. non-Shemitic COT Ju 16:23 Dl:Pa 139 Sayce:Rel. Bab. 188 f. but v. Jen infr.)—god of Ashdod, exc. Ju 16:23 (Gaza) & 1 Ch 10:10 (but cf. infr.);—דגון אֱלֽהֵיהֶם Ju 16:23 cf. דגון אֱלֽהֵינוּ 1 S 5:7, בֵּית ד׳1 S 5:2, 5:5, 1 Ch 10:10 (here hardly orig. cf. ‖ 1 S 31:10 & We Dr); כֹּהֲנֵי ד׳ 1 S 5:5, מִפְתַּן ד׳ v:5; as name of image ד׳ (אֵחֶל) v:2, v:3, v:4, דגון נֹפֵל v:3, v:4, נִשְׁאַר עָלָיו רַק ד׳ v:4 (but sense difficult; We prop. דָּגוֹ only his fish, i.e. fishy part, was left upon him, v. also Dr;—but was Dagon a fish-god ? Cf. works cited above & Scholz:Götzendienst 238 ff., Baud in PRE:2 iii. 460 ff. esp. Jen:Kosmol. 449 ff.) Vid. בֵּית דָּגוֹן p. III.

† [דָּגַל] vb. look, bahold (As. dagâlu, Lotz:TP 131; Thes RobGes MV SS De make דָּגוּל a denom. fr. דֶּגֶל = lifted up like a banner, or furnished with a banner, i.e. exalted, distinguished, AV RV chiefest);—Pt. pass. דָּגוּל מֵרְבָבָה Ct 5:10 looked at, conspicuous, acc. to Dl:HA 40.

† [דֶּ֫גֶל] n.m.:Nu 10:14 standard, banner (As. diglu Dl:HA 40 Pr 58; cf. also Di Nu 2:2); cstr. דֶּגֶל Nu 2:3 + 7 t.; sf. דִּגְלוֹ Nu 1:52 + 2 t.; pl. sf. דִּגְלֵיהֶם Nu 2:17, 2:31, 2:34; —standard, partic. of separate tribes of Isr. מחנה יהודה ד׳ etc. Nu 2:3, 2:10, 2:18, 2:25, 10:14, 10:18, 10:22, 10:25; cf. also 1:52, 2:2 (‖אֹתֹת) v:17, v:31, v:34 (all P.); fig. Ct 2:4 ודגלו עלי אהבה.

† [דָּגַל] vb. denom. carry, or set up standard, banner—Qal Impf. 1 pl. נִדְנֹּל Ps 20:6 (Gr Che נָגִיל; Bi נְגַדֵּל, after LXX SyrVer; Now נִגְדַּל; poss. נַגְדִּל ?) set up standard in battle, cf. Dl:Pr 61. Niph. Pt. fpl. נִדְגָּלוֹת Ct 6:4, 6:10 bannered, supplied with standards, pt. as subst., of bannered hosts, cf. De.

דגן (√ of foll. mng. dub.; NH דַּגֵּן Pa. heap up etc. seems to be denom.; Ol:§ 215 b. 4 der. דָּגָן fr. דָּגָה, cf. MV; We:Skizzen iii. 170 inclines to regard דָּגָן as der. fr. n.pr. divin. דגן (cf. דָּגוֹן), as cereal fr. Ceres).

† דָּגָן n.m. corn, grain (of cereals) (NH id., Sam. dgn v. Thes.; cf. Ph. ארחת דגן)—דָּגָן Gn 27:28 + 29 t.; cstr. דְּגַן Ps 78:24; sf. דְּגָנִי Ho 2:11, דְּגָֽנְךָ Dt 7:13, 12:17, 14:23, 18:4, דְּגָנֶ֑ךָ Dt 11:14, דְּגָנֵךְ Is 62:8, דְּגָנָם Ps 4:8, 65:10—corn, c. תִּירוֹשׁ must, q.v., Gn 27:28, 27:37 (both J) Ps 4:8, Is 62:8, Ho 2:11, 7:14, 9:1, Zc 9:17; cf. also Nu 18:27 (P; here, for תירושׁ, מְלֵאָה מִן־הַיָּ֑קֶב), La 2:12 (where יַיִן), Ho 14:8 (where גֶּפֶן & לְבָנוֹן יֵין); ארץ דגן ותירושׁ of land of Canaan Dt 33:28; of land of captiv. (words of the Rabshak) 2 K 18:32 = Is 36:17 (other products, also, named in both); usually c. תירושׁ & יחהר Nu 18:12, Dt 7:13, 11:14, 12:17, 14:23, 18:4, 28:51, 2 Ch 31:5 (+ דבשׁ) 32:28, Ne 5:11, 10:40, 13:5, 13:12, Je 31:12, Ho 2:10, 2:24, Jo 1:10, 2:19, Hg 1:11; also Jo 1:17 Me; (cf. 2 K 18:32, Is 36:17 supr.); alone, rare and late Ne 5:2, 5:3, 5:10, Ps 65:10, Ez 36:29; דְּגַן־שָׁמַיִם Ps 78:24; —of the above the following refer to firstfruits offered to the priests Nu 18:12 (cf. v:27) Dt 18:4, 2 Ch 31:5; to tithe Dt 12:17, 14:23, Ne 13:5, 13:12; to both generally Ne 10:40; to loaning on usury Ne 5:10, 5:11.

† [דָּגַר] vb. gather together as a brood (cf. Aram. דְּגַר heap together; so ܕܓܰܪ Nasar.)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. דָּגָר Je 17:11; 3 fs. דָּֽגְרָה Is 34:15—gather together into its shadow Is 34:15 (of קִפֹּז, q.v.), דָּגָר וְלאֹ יָלָדָ Je 17:11 (of partridge; sim. of one getting riches unjustly).

† [דַּד] n.m.:Pr 5:19 breast, better teat, nipple (τιτθοί Aq Pr 5:19 Symm Ez 23:3, 23:21; NH & Aram. דַּד; primit. caressing word; acc. to Fl in NHWB:i. 489)—Du. cstr. דַּדֵּי Ez 23:3, 23:8) both del. LXX SyrVer Co); sf. דַּדַּיִח Ez 23:21 (rd. בתוליך SyrVer Co); דַּדֶּיהָ Pr 5:19; —of breasts of woman Pr 5:19; (Hi Bi rd. דֹּדֶיהָ her love cf. 7:18); of Samaria & Jerusalem under fig. of young women Ez 23:3 (דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלֵיהֶן) cf. v:8; דַּדַּיִח v:21; but prob. del. ד׳ in Ez cf. supr. & Gei:Urachrift 397.—Vid. also שַׁד sub שׁדה.

דֹּד, דֹּדָה v. sub דוד. p. 187

† [דָּדָה] vb. [move slowly] (NH Pi. דִּדָּה lead slowly, Hithp. הִדַּדָּה; Aram. דַּדִּי, אִידַּדִּי; Ar. دأدأ is run quickly (of a camel): on form, cf. Kö:i. 587; SS der. fr. דאה cf. Sta:§ 112 a, 150 a. 129 b, 581 d)—Pi. Impf. 1 s. sf. אֲדַדֵּם (so read for MT אֶדַּדֵּם Dy Bi & Che, cf. his crit. note) lead slowly (in procession) Ps 42:5. Hithp. Impf. 1 s. אֶדַּדֶּה Is 38:15; also sf. אֶדַּדֵּם Ps 42:5 MT but cf. supr.;—walk deliberately, at ease (De Che Di), or as in procession (Ew), Is 38:15 (cf. Che Di VB).

דדי Kt v. דּוֹדוֹ sub דוד. p. 187

† דְּדָן n.pr.loc. & gent.;—ד׳ Gn 10:7 + 8 t. + Ez 27:20 (but v. infr.) c. ה loc. דְּדָ֫נֶה Ez 25:13 cf. Ges:§ 90, 2 ad fin.;—

1. under fig. of son of רַעֲמָה and grandson of כּוּשׁ (v. these arts.) Gn 10:7 (brother of שְׁבָא) = 1 Ch 1:9, Ez 27:20; cf. בְּנֵי ד׳ v:15 (but rd. here perh. רדן LXX υἱοὶ ̔Ροδίων, cf. Sta:De Pop. Javan. 11, also SerVer ܕܪܢ Co; v. sub דֹּדָנִים infr.) cf. also Ez 38:13, שְׁבָא וּד׳; also Je 25:23; south-Arabian tribe on Persian Gulf, = Sab. בנו דדן acc. to DHM:ZMG 1876, 122; Sab. Denkm. 28 (dubit. Mordt); but in NW. of Arabian peninsula, Glaser:Skizze ii. 391 ff.; perhaps orig. further south cf. Di Gn 10:7.

2. as son of יָקְשָׁן father of אַשּׁוּרִם etc., Gn 25:3, 25:3 (here also brother of שְׁבָא) = 1 Ch 1:32; Je 49:8 ישְׁבֵי ד׳. This is appar. a northern branch of 1, cf. Di Gn 25:3.—On דדן in Mi:31, Mi:31 cf. Sm & So:MI p. 29 Nö:LCB Jan. 8, 1887 Cl Gann:JAs. Jan. 1887. 107.

דְּדָ֫נֶה v. דְּדָןָ. p. 186

† [דְּדָנִי] adj.gent. only pl. as subst. אֹרְחוֹת דְּדָנִים Is 21:3.

† דֹּדָנִים n.pr.gent.pl. Gn 10:4; but = רוֹדָנִים 1 Ch 1:7; rd. here רדנים, so LXX Sam Di Sta:De Pop. Javan. 11; cf. Ez 27:15 supr. sub דְּדָן.

† [דָּהַם] vb. astonish, astound (Ar. دَهِمَ, دَهَمَ)—Niph. Pt. כְּאִישׁ נִדְהָם Je 14:9 like a man astounded (‖כְּגִבּוֹר לאֹ יוכל להושׁיע); LXX ὑπνῶν נִרְדָּם.

† [דָּהַר] vb. rush, dash, of horse (onomat. ? perh. cf. Ar. دَهَرَ befall, fall upon, overcome, conquer)—Qal Pt. סוּס דֹּהֵר Na 3:2.

† [דַּהֲרָה] n.f. rushing, dashing, of riders—Pl. cstr. דַּהֲרוֹת דַּהֲרוֹת אַבִּירָיו Ju 5:22; repetition for intensity, furious dashing.

† תִּדְהָר n.[m.] name of a tree, prob. elm (Syr. ܕܰܕܳܪ (or ܕܶܕܰܪ PS) Lag:BN 130 Löw:71; Ar. دَرْدَارُ Lane:864 Dozy:i. 432 (also ash, v. Dozy:ib.); so Symm & Vulgate Is 41:19; cf. Di, where also other views, e.g. plane-tree (Rabb. Che), or pine;—√dub.; Ges Is 41:19 Thes der. from דהר endure inferred from Ar. دَهْرُ time, but this questionable; perh. a loan-word), בְּרוֹשׁ תִּדְהָר וּתְאַשּׁוּר יַחְדָּו Is 41:19 = 60:13.

† [דּוּב] vb. pine away (cf. דאב, דאבון)—Hiph. Pt. f. pl. מְדִיבֹת נפשׁ Lv 26:16 (diseases) causing to pine away the soul (life), cf. Di; in 1 S 2:33 read prob. Inf. לְהָדִיב את נפשׁך (for MT לַאֲדִיב) so Dr; trans. to cause thy (al. his) soul to pine away (cf. VB).

דּוֹב bear, v. sub דבב. p. 179

† דוג, דַּוָּג, דּוּגָה v. sub דגה p. 186

דוד (√assumed for foll., wh. however perh. primitive caressing word, Fl NHWB:i. 439 swing, rock, dandle, fondle, love; > Thes Dietr:Sem. Wortforsch. 277 MV, who connect with דּוּד (cf. infr.) cf. Syr. ܕܰܘܶܕ disturb).

† דּוֹד n.m.:Ct 1:2 beloved, love (pl.), uncle (NH id., Syr. ܕܳܕܳܐ, ܕܳܕ; As. dâdu Dl:HA 19)—abs. דּוֹד Ct 5:9, 5:9; cstr. דּוֹד 1 S 10:14 + 3 t.; דֹּד Lv 10:4 Est 2:15; sf. דּוֹדִי Is 5:1 (but cf. infr.) + 26 t. all Ct; דֹּדִי Je 32:8 + 2 t.; דֹּדְךָ Je 32:7; דּוֹדֵח Ct 5:9, 5:9 + 2 t.; דּוֹדוֹ Am 6:10, 1 S 10:16, דֹּדוֹ Lv 20:20 + 4 t.; דּוֹדָהּ Ct 8:5; pl. דּוֹדִים Ct 5:1; דֹּדִים Pr 7:18, Ez 16:8, 23:17; pl. sf. דֹּדַי Ct 7:13; דֹּדֶיךָ Ct 1:2, 1:4; דֹּדַיִח Ct 4:10, 4:10; דֹּדֵיהֶןָ Nu 36:11—

1. most often loved one, beloved (lover, betrothed) Ct 1:13, 1:14, 1:16, 2:3, 2:8, 2:9, 2:10, 2:16, 2:17, 4:16, 5:2, 5:4, 5:5, 5:6, 5:6, 5:8, 5:9, 5:9, 5:10, 5:16, 6:1, 6:1, 6:2, 6:3, 6:3, 7:10, 7:11, 7:12, 7:14, 8:5, 8:14; beloved one, friend, שִׁירַת דּוֹדִי Is 5:1 (where Lo Che דודים שׁ׳ love-song, v. 3 infr.)

2. specif. uncle, Lv 10:4 (father's brother, patruus; Syr. = also avunculus) Nu 36:11, 1 S 14:50, 2 K 24:17, Lv 20:20, 25:49, 25:49, 1 S 10:14, 10:15, 10:16, Est 2:7, 2:15, Je 32:7, 32:8, 32:9, 32:12; perhaps also 1 Ch 27:32 Jonathan, David's דּוֹד so AVRV; = kinsman (?, so St RVm) Am 6:10.

3. pl. abstr. love Pr 7:18, Ct 1:2, 1:4, 4:10, 4:10, 5:1, (5:1 al. concr. beloved ones, so AVRV, LXX ἀδελφυἰ; so עֵר דדים Ez 16:8; מִשְׁכַּב דדים Ez 23:17.

† [דֹּדָה] n.f. aunt—only sf. דֹּדָֽתְךָ Lv 18:14 father's brother's wife; דֹּדָתוֹ Lv 20:20, Ex 6:20 father's sister [cf. Nu 26:59].

דּוֹדוֹ n.pr.m. (his beloved, cf. דודוהו; or comp. דודה n.pr. divin. MI:12, cf. דָּוִד infra)—

1. man of tribe of Issachar Ju 10:1.

2. דדי Kt 2 S 23:9 ( = דּוֹדַי 1 Ch 27:4), דּוֹדוֹ Qr = דּוֹדוֹ 1 Ch 11:12.

3. father of אֶלְחָנָן 2 S 23:24 דּוֹדוֹ = 1 Ch 11:26.

† דּוֹדַי n.pr.m. = דּוֹדוֹ (q.v.) 1 Ch 27:4 (cf. דדי 2 S 23:9 Kt).

† דּוֹדָוָהוּ n.pr.m. (< LXX τοῦ ̓Ωδεια LXXL Δουδιου, i.e. דּוֹדִיָּהוּ, beloved of י׳, cf. Nes:Eg 70) father of Eliezer 2 Ch 20:37.

דָּוִד, דָּוִיד:1066 n.pr.m. David, son of יִשַׂי, king of Israel, whose dynasty remained on the throne of Jerusalem till the Babylonian exile (cf. 2 S 7:11–15 etc.) (beloved one ? cf. Ba:NB 189; acc. to Sayce:Mod. Rev. 1884, 158 ff. Rel. Bab. 53, 56 f. orig. Dodo, title of sun-god worshipped in Isr. cf. דודה n. divin. among E. Jordan Israelites MI:12)—דָּוִד alw. Ru Sa Ki (exc. 1 K 3:14, 11:4, 11:36) Psalm Pr Ec Is Je; also 1 Ch 13:6, Ez 34:24, 37:24, 37:25 (c. 790 t.); דָּוִיד alw. Zc Ch (exc. 1 Ch 13:6) Ezr Ne; also Am 6:5 (where gloss acc. to Peters:Hbr. Apr. 1886, p. 175) 9:11, Ho 3:5, Ez 34:23, 1 K 3:14, 11:4, 11:36, Ct 4:4 (c. 276 t.);—first named 1 S 16:13; cf. also Ru 4:17, 4:22, 2 S 1:1 +, 1 K 1:1 +, 2:1 +, etc. (v. supra); in titles of Ps 3–9, 11–32, 34–41, 51–65, 68–70, 86, 101, 103, 108 – 110, 122, 124, 131, 133, 138–145 (73 in all); also in Ps 18:51 (= 2 S 22:51) 72:20, 89:36, 89:50, 122:5, 132:1, 132:11, 132:17, עַבְדִּי ד׳ (י׳ speaks) 2 S 3:18, 7:5, 7:8 = 1 Ch 17:4, 17:7 cf. v:26 = 1 Ch 17:24, also 1 K 8:24, 8:25, 8:26, 8:66 = 2 Ch 6:15, 6:16, 6:17, 6:42, 1 K 11:13, 11:32, 11:34, 11:36, 11:38, 14:8, 2 K 8:19, 19:34 = Is 37:35, 2 K 20:6; cf. further Ps 18:1, 36:1 (both titles cf. supr.) 78:70, 89:4, 89:21, 132:10, 144:10, Je 33:21, 33:22, 33:26; so also as represented in coming (Messianic) ruler Ez 34:23, 34:24, 37:24, 37:25, cf. Ho 3:5, Je 30:9 (v. עֶבֶד). Phrases are: a. עִיר ד׳ (acc. to Sayce:Mod. Rev. l.c. orig. city of god Dod [o]) = stronghold or citadel of Zion, 2 S 5:7, 5:9 = 1 Ch 11:5, 11:7, 2 S 6:10, 6:12, 6:16 = 1 Ch 13:13, 15:1, 15:29, cf. Is 22:9; esp. of burial of kings 1 K 2:10, 3:1, 8:1 = 2 Ch 5:2, 1 K 9:24 = 2 Ch 8:11, 1 K 11:27 v:43 = 2 Ch 9:31, 1 K 14:13, 15:8 = 2 Ch 12:16, 13:23, 1 K 15:24 = 2 Ch 9:31, 1 K 14:31, 15:8 = 2 Ch 12:16, 13:23, 1 K 15:24 = 2 Ch 16:14, 1 K 22:50 = 2 Ch 21:1, 2 K 8:24 = 2 Ch 21:20, 2 K 9:28, 12:22 = 2 Ch 24:25, 2 K 14:20, 15:7, v:38 = 2 Ch 27:9, 2 K 16:20; burial of Jehoiada 2 Ch 24:16; further 2 Ch 32:5, 32:30, 33:14, Ne 12:37; cf. also קִרְיַת חָנָה ד׳ Is 29:1. b. בֵּית ד׳ 2 S 3:1, 3:6 + (cf. בַּיִת 5 c. c. אֹהֶל ד׳ Is 16:5 (cf. אֹהֶל 2). d. סֻכַּת ד׳ Am 9:11 (cf. סֻכָּה sub סכך). e. כִּסֵּא ד׳ 2 S 3:10 cf. 1 K 1:37, 2:12, 2:24, 2:45, Is 9:6, Je 17:25, 22:2, 22:30, 29:16, 36:30 cf. 13:13, 22:4, (cf. also כִּסֵּא). f. קִבְרֵי ד׳ Ne 3:16 cf. 2 Ch 32:33 קִבְרֵי בְנֵי־ד׳ (cf. קֶבֶר). g. מִגְדַּל ד׳ Ct 4:4. h. אישׁ האלהים כְּלֵי־שִׁיר ד׳ Ne 12:36. i. אֱלֽהֵי ד׳ 2 K 20:5 + (cf. אֱלֽהִים 4 b). j. חַסְדֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 6:42, Is 55:3 (cf. 2 S 7:15, 1 K 3:6, Ps 89:50, 2 Ch 1:8 etc.).—(On txt. note the foll.:—דָּוִד 1 S 30:20a del. LXX Targum We Dr; 2 S 3:5 rd. prob. name of a former husband of Eglah We Dr; 2 S 13:39 rd. רוּחַ We:p.223 Dr; 2 S 19:44 rd. בְּכוֹר (for בדוד) LXX The We Dr; insert דָּוִד 2 S 9:11, 15:32 & 24:15 LXX We Dr; in 1 Ch 18:12, Ps 60:1 אבשׁי & יואב are less orig. than דָּוִד 2 S 8:13 We Dr).

† [דּוּדַי] n.m.:Gn 30:14 mandrake (as love-producing, cf. Di Gn 30:14)—pl. דּוּדָאִים (cf. Ew:189 g Sta§§ 301. 122) Gn 30:14, Ct 7:14; cstr. דּוּדָאֵי Gn 30:14 + 3 t.;—mandrakes, as exciting sexual desire, and favouring procreation Gn 30:14, 30:14, 30:15, 30:15, 30:16 (J); also Ct 7:14 where odour referred to. On דּוּדָאֵי Je 24:1 vessels, baskets, v. דּוּד.

† דּוּד n.m.:Je 24:2 pot, jar (Aram. דּוּדָא ܕܽܘܕܳܐ perh. cf. Syr. ܕܳܘܶܕ disturb, from the idea of boiling)—abs. דּוּד 1 S 2:14 + 4 t.; pl. דּוּדִים 2 K 10:7, דְּוַדִים 2 Ch 35:13; pl. cstr. דּוּדָאֵי Je 24:1—a. pot, kettle or cooking (בִּשֵּׁל) 1 S 2:14 (‖פָּרוּר, קַלַּחַת, כִּיּוֹר), 2 Ch 35:13 (vb. בִּשֵּׁל, ‖חַלָּחוֹת, סִירוֹת) cf. Jb 41:12; b. receptacle for carrying, all Vrss basket, 2 K 10:7 (heads of king's sons), Je 24:2, 24:2 (figs) cf. דּוּדָאֵי Je 24:1, as if fr. a II. [דּוּדַי]; Ps 81:7 (clay or bricks, ‖סֵבֶל).

† [דָּוָה] vb. be ill, unwell (NH ד׳ sorrowful, miserable, not in physical sense; cf. Ar. [دَآءَ] دَوِيَ be ill; Eth. dawaya: As. perh. deriv. diÕ’û, illness Zim:BP 96, 97; Aram. דְּוִי, דְּוָא, ܕܘܳܐ, ܕܘܺܝ, be sad)—Qal Inf. cstr. כִּימֵי נִדַּת דְּוֹתָהּ…אִשָּׁה Lv 12:2.

† דְּוַי n.[m.] illness, עֶרֶשׂ דְּוָי֑ Ps 41:4 bed of languishing (Che); sg. cstr. (Ew De Di) הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחְמִי Jb 6:7 they (i.e. my sufferings) are like disease (VB loathsomeness) in my meat, cf. Di; but txt. dub.

† דָּוֶה adj. faint, unwell —דָּוֶה La 5:17, f. דָּוָה Lv 15:33 + 3 t.;

1. faint, La 1:13 (‖שֹׁמֵמָה) 5:17.

2. unwell, menstruous Lv 15:33, 20:18; Is 30:22 דָּוָה perh. = כְּלִי דָוָה De.

† [מַדְוֶה] n.m.:Dt 7:15 sickness—cstr. sg. מַדְיֵה מִחְרַיִם Dt 28:60 (rd. מַדְוֵר pl., as 7:15 ?); cstr. pl. מַדְוֵי מִחְרַיִם Dt 7:15 (both ‖חֳלִי).

† [דַּוַּי] adj. faint (on form cf. Ba:NB 487)—דַּוָּי֑ Is 1:5 + 2 t.—faint, always of heart Is 1:5 (‖לָחֳלִי fig. of condition of people); Je 8:18, La 1:22 of sorrow and distress.

† דְּיוֹ n.m. ink (NH id., Aram. דְּיוּתָא ܕܝܽܘܬܳܐ; Ar. دَوَاةُ inkbottle, inkhorn; Ges-Dietr Fl NHWB:i. 41 der. fr. √ דוה in assumed sense of slowly flowing; Fl comp. Ar. دِواية دُواسة thin skin on surface of milk, cf. also O1:§ 178 g), וַאֲנִי כֹּתֵב עַל־הַסֵּפֶר בַּדְּי֑וֹ Je 36:18, cf. Lag:Ges. Abh. 216.—On erasable quality of Hebrew ink cf. RS:OTJC, 400 f. ed. 2, 71; v. further L. Löw:Graphische Requisiten etc. bel den Juden, 1870, i. 145 ff.

† [דּוּחַ, דִּיחַ] vb. rinse, cleanse away by rinsing, washing (NH Hiph., Aram. Aph. id.; cf. As. dîḫu Dl:Pr 177)—Hiph. Pf. sf. הדיחנו Kt Je 51:34 Qr הֱדִיחָָנִי but rd. הִדִּיחני fr. נדח (Hi, cf. 50:17); Impf. 3 ms. יָדִיחַ Is 4:4; 3 mpl. יָדִיחוּ 2 Ch 4:6 + Ez 40:38 (Co conj. הַקָּדִים);—

1. rinse, victims to be offered in sacrifice Ez 40:38, so 2 Ch 4:6 (cf. supr.)

2. fig. cleanse by washing Is 4:4, of removing guilt.

דויג Kt v. דֹּאֵג sub דאג. p. 178

† [דּוּךְ] vb. pound, beat (in mortar) (NH & Aram. id., Ar. دَاكَ; cf. also As. dâku, kill COT:Gloss).—Qal. Pf. 3 pl. דָּכוּ» בַּמְּדֹכָה (milraï) Nu 11:8 (‖טָֽחֲנוּ בָרֵחַיִם).

† מְדֹכָה n.f. mortar, Nu 11:8.

† דּוּכִיפַת n.f. an unclean bird, perh. hoopoe, LXX Vulgate Saad al. (cf. Di Kn Lv 11:19) Lv 11:19, Dt 14:18.

דום (NH דום spread slander, perh. orig. whisper, cf. דמם, דממה).

†I. דּוּמָה n.f. silence;—ד׳ = שְׁאוֹל Ps 94:17, יֹרְדֵי ד׳ Ps 115:17; also Is 21:11 מַשָּׂא דּוּמָה oracle of silence, i.e. of concealment, hidden meaning, acc. to Ew Di, but v. II. ד׳, 3.

† II. דּוּמָה n.pr. 1. m. son of Ishmael Gn 25:15 = 1 Ch 1:30 cf. prob. Dumath al-Jandal in Northern Arabia in Jôf v. Burckhardt:Travels in Syria 662f. Di; also Ges:Comm. on Is 21:11, Glaser:Skizze ii. 392, 440. 2. city in mountains of Judah Jos 15:52, comp. Δοῦμα in the Daroma, 17 miles fr. Eleutheropolis Lag:Onom. 250. 2nd ed. 258, = mod. Daume, SW. fr. Hebron van de Velde:Memoir 308 Guêrin:Judêe iii. 359 ff. cf. Di. 3. name of Edom with mystic mng. Is 21:11 Duma = silence of death, desolation, De Che al. (JDMich Ges Hi think 3 = 1; LXX has ̓Ιδουμαια; Jerinterpr. as part of Idumea; still another view sub I. דּוּמָה).

† דּוּמִיָּה, דֻּמִיָּה (Ps 65:2) n.f. silence, still waiting, repose—Ps 39:3 silence; 62:2 still waiting, resignation (Dr:§ 189. 2; but rd. prob., as v:6, דֹּמִּי, Bi Gr Che); 65:2 id. (but Ew Che Bä al. דֹּמִיָּה is meet ? fr. I. דָּמָה, LXX πρέπει, v. Che); 22:3 repose (fr. grief and tears: Je 14:17).

† דּוּמָם n. [m.] silence Hb 2:19 אֶבֶן ד׳ stone of silence = dumb stone; adv. in silence, silently, Is 47:5, La 3:26 (? rd. here וְרָמַם fr. דמם).

דּוּמֶּ֫שֶׂק 2 K 16:10 cf. דַּמֶּשֶׂק. p. 199

[דון] vb. dub.; only in יָדוֹן Gn 6:3, v. דין. p. 192

† [דּוּן] n. [m.] dub.; Qr Jb 9:29 שַׁדּיּן; v. דִּין n. p. 192

† [דּוּץ] vb. spring, leap, dance (Aram. דּוּץ be joyous, ܕܳܨ, leap, dance, be joyous; Ar. داص med. י, decline, slip or move about, glide to and fro; Dl:Pr 65, 66 comp. As. dâṣu, withdraw, retreat, but cf. Nö:ZMG 1886, 730)—Qal Impf. 3 fs. תָּדוּץ דְּאָבָה Jb 41:14 before him danceth dismay.

דוק (? √ of foll.; mng. dub. cf. Sm Ez 4:2 Lag:Ges. Abhandl. 36).

† דָּיֵק n.m. bulwark, siege-wall—דָּיֵק 2 K 25:1 + 5 t.—עליה סביב בנה ד׳ 2 K 25:1 = Je 52:4; cf. Ez 4:2, 17:17, 21:27 (all ‖שׁפך סֹלֲלָה); על נתן ד׳ Ez 26:8 (‖ id.)

דּוּר vb. 1. heap up, pile. 2. dwell (orig. move in a circle, go about, surround, cf. Ar. دَارَ; دَارُ house, esp. as group of buildings about a court; As. dûru, wall, fortress, COT:Gloss; thence (denom. Fl NH WB:i. 440) dwell Aram. דּוּר, ܕܳܪ (pt. & Pa), hence in Heb. cf. Giesebr:ZAW i. 304 Fl:l.c. Che:OP 479; Eth. d4r: generation (= דּוֹר: prob. loan-word); acc. to Hpt KAT:2 Gloss. i. As. [daru§, endure], dârû, everlasting (cf. Bez:Orient. Diplom.) = Ar. دَهْرُ long time, age)—Qal in Inf. מִדּוּר באהלי־רשׁע Ps 84:11 than to dwell in tents of wickedness. Imv. (or Inf. abs. irreg. for דּוֹר, cf. ‖לָקוֹחַ) דּוּר העחמים Ez 24:5 heap up.—In Gn 6:3 some rd. Impf. 3 ms. יָדוּר shall dwell, for ידון; v. דין.

† דּוּר n.[m.] circle, ball—

1. circle וְחָנִיתִי כַּדּוּר עליך Is 29:3 ( > LXX Brd כְּדָוִד).

2. ball חָנוֹף יִחְנָפְךָ חְנֵפָה כַּדּוּר Is 22:18 (so most; but Bö:NÄ ii. 134 De Or Jastr:PAOS 1888, xcv. ff. regard noun as כַּדּוּר, ball, as Talm., cf. also MV SS s.v.; vid. כדר). [

3. heap, pile Ez 24:5 Thes Ke MV cf. מְדוּרָה v:9; but v. supr. sub דּוּר vb.]

† I. דּוֹר, דֹּר n.m.:Dt 32:5 period, generation, dwelling (cf. sub vb. supr.; also NH דּוֹר, Aram. (incl. B Aram.) דָּר, ܕܳܪ, age, generation; Ar. دَوْرُ gyrus, orbis, periodus; Sab. דר, one time, once, דרם דרם each once in a year DHM in MV)—abs. דּוֹר Gn 7:1 + 68 t.; דֹּר Ex 3:15; 36 t.; cstr. דּוֹר Dt 32:20 + 7 t., דֹּר Ex 3:15; sf. דּוֹרִי Is 38:12, דּוֹרוֹ Is 53:8; pl. דּוֹרִים Ps 72:5 + 2 t., דֹּרוֹת abs. Jb 42:16, Is 41:4; cstr. Ju 3:2; דּוֹרוֹת cstr. Is 51:9, דֹּרֹת Gn 9:12; sf. דֹּרֹתָיו Gn 6:9, Lv 25:30, דּוֹרוֹתֵינוּ Jos 22:27, דֹּרֹתֵינוּ v:28, דּרֹתֵיכֶם Gn 17:12 + 27 t., דֹּרֹתָם Gn 17:7 + 10 t.;—

1. period, age, generation, mostly poet.: a. of duration in the past, former age(s) דּוֹרוֹת עוֹלָמִים Is 51:9 (‖קדם ימי); שְׁנוֹת דֹּר וָדֹר Dt 32:7 (song; ‖ימות עולם); בְּדֹר וָדֹר Ps 90:1 (cf. v:2); מוֹסְדֵי דּוֹר־וָדוֹר Is 58:12 (‖חרבות עולם); שֹׁמֲמוֹת דּוֹר וָדוֹר 61:4 (‖ id.) b. usually of duration to come, future age(s), לְדֹר דֹּר Ex 3:15 (E; ‖לעולם) cf. Pr 27:24 Kt (Qr לְדוֹר וָדוֹר; ‖ id.); מִדֹּר דֹּר Ex 17:16 (E), = מִדּוֹר לָדוֹר Is 34:10; לְדֹר וָדֹר Ps 10:6, 33:11 (‖לעולם) 49:12, 79:13, 85:6, 102:13, 119:90, 135:13, 146:10, Jo 4:20 (all ‖ id.); Ps 89:2 (‖עולם) 89:5 (‖עד־עולם) 106:31 (‖ id.) Is 34:17 (‖ id.); Ps 77:9 (‖לנחח); עַד־דֹּר וָדֹר Ps 100:5 (‖לעולם) Is 13:20 (‖לנחח) Je 50:39 (‖ id.); בְּכָל־דֹּר וָדֹר Psalm 45:18 (‖לעולם ועד) cf. Est 9:28; שְׁנוֹתָיו כְּמוֹ דֹר וָדֹר Ps 61:7 cf. שְׁנֵי דּוֹר וָדוֹר Jo 2:2 (‖העולם); as modifying phrase מְשׂוֹשׂ דּוֹר וָדוֹר Is 60:15 (‖נאון עולם); further דּוֹר דּוֹרִים Ps 72:5; יְשׁוּעָתִי לְדוֹר דּוֹרִים Is 51:8 (‖לעולם). c. apparently including both past and future בְּדוֹר דּוֹרִים שְׁנוֹתֶיךָ Ps 102:25; בְּכָל דּוֹר וָדֹר Ps 145:13; לְדוֹר וָדוֹר La 5:19.

2. of men living at a particular time (period, age), generation, as transitory דּוֹר הֹלֵח וְדוֹר בָּא Ec 1:4: specific. a. in the present, and (or) the past Gn 7:1 (J) Ex 1:6 (P) Nu 32:13 (JE) Dt 1:35, 2:14, Ju 2:10, 2:10, Is 53:8 (cf. Che crit. n.) Je 2:31; also Ps 95:10, Jb 8:8, Is 41:4. b. Ju 3:2 (present & future); cf. pl. דֹּרֹתָיו Gn 6:9 (i.e. his own gen. and those immediately contiguous, before and after). c. esp. of a future generation Gn 15:16 (JE), with numeral, cf. Dt 23:3, 23:4, 23:9; also Dt 29:21, Ps 48:14, 71:18, 78:4, 78:6, 102:19, 109:13, Jo 1:3 cf. Ps 22:31, 22:32 (Che crit. n.); of a succession of generations דּוֹר לְדוֹר יְשַׂבַּח מַעֲשֶׂיךָ Ps 145:4; בְּכָל־דּוֹר וָדוֹר Est 9:28; usually pl. לְדֹרֹת עוֹלָם Gn 9:12 (P); with num. לְאֶלֶף דּוֹר Ps 105:8 (‖עולם) = 1 Ch 16:15 (‖לעולם); Dt 7:9; v. further, of posterity, אַרְבָּעָה דֹּרוֹת Jb 42:16; usually pl. c. sf. Gn 17:7, 17:9, 17:12, Ex 12:14, 12:17, 12:42, 16:32, 16:33, 27:21, 29:42, 30:8, 30:10, 30:21, 30:31, 31:13, 31:16, 40:15, Lv 3:17, 6:11, 7:36, 10:9 (all P); 17:7, 21:17, 22:3, 23:14, 23:21, 23:31, 23:41, 23:43, 24:3, 25:30, (all H); Nu 9:10, 10:8, 15:14, 15:15, 15:21, 15:23, 15:38, 18:23, 35:29, Jos 22:27, 22:28 (all P).

3. generation characterized by quality or condition, class of men: דּוֹר עִקֵּשׁ crooked generation Dt 32:5 (song) cf. v:20, Ps 78:8, 78:8, Je 7:29; of diff. classes of wicked, Pr 30:11, 30:12, 30:13, 30:14 cf. Ps 12:8; of the righteous, as a class Ps 14:5, 24:6, 73:15 (בָּנֶיךָ דּוֹר) 112:2 (cf. 22:31 MT, but < Che joins לדור to v:32 cf. supr. sub 2 c); so also דּוֹר אֲבוֹתָיו i.e. the dead Ps 49:20 (so most; yet v. infr. sub 4).

4. dwelling-place, habitation Is 38:12 cf. דּוּר vb., so Saad Ki Ges De Che RVm (Ew life ‖חַיַּי); so also Ps 49:20 De Witt, cf. Che:OP 479.

† II. דּאֹר, דּוֹר n.pr.loc. (Ph. דאר; cuneif. Du&atO;’ru KG:121 COT on Jos 17:11) city in Manasseh, on Mediterr., S. of Carmel (9 Roman miles N. of Caesarea, cf. Lag:Onom. 115, 2nd ed.149), דּוֹר Jos 12:23; דּוֹר וּבְנוֹתֶיהָ Ju 1:27, 1 Ch 7:29 = דּאֹר וּב׳ Jos 17:11; נָפַת דּוֹר Jos 12:23 = נָפַת דּאֹר 1 K 4:11; נָפוֹת דּוֹר Jos 11:2 (cf. נפה); mod. Ṭanṭura (Ṭorṭura) Wilson:Lands of Bible ii. 249 van de Velde:Narrat. i. 333 Bd:Pal 238 cf. Di Jos 11:2. On (דּוֹר)עֵין־דֹּר v. sub עַיִן.

† מְדוּרָה n.f. pile (of wood, etc.) מ׳ Ez 24:9; מְדֻרָתָהּ אֵשׁ ועחים הרבה Is 30:33 = pyre (so Ges Hi De Che Brd; Ew Di its circuit, compass).

† דּוּשׁ, דּישׁ vb. tread, thresh (Ar. دَاسَ, As. dâšu, Impf. 1 S. adîš Dl:Pr 191 COT:Gloss Hom:NS 391; cf. NH דּוּשׁ, Aram. id., ܕܳܫ; v. further Nö:ZMG 1883, 538)—Qal Pf. דָּשׁ 1 Ch 21:20, וְדַשְׁתִּ֫י Ju 8:7; Impf. וַיָּדָשׁ so rd. for וַיֹּדַע Ju 8:16 cf. Be Door Bu Vrss; 2 ms. תָּדוּשׁ Is 41:15, Hb 3:12; 3 ms. sf. יְדוּשֶָׁנּוּ Is 28:28; 3 fs. sf. תְּדוּשֶָׁהָ Jb 39:15; Imv. fs. דּוֹשִׁי Mi 4:13; Inf. cstr. לָדֻשׁ 2 K 13:7, לָדוּשׁ Ho 10:11, sf. דּוּשָׁם Am 1:13; דִּישׁוֹ Dt 25:4; abs. אָדוֹשׁ Is 28:28 as if fr. אדשׁ cf. Kö:i. 444; yet ארשׁ nowhere else & form very possibly textual error, cf. Ol:§ 245 k; Pt. f. דָּשָׁא Je 50:11; —tread on, trample on, c. acc. Jb 39:15 (beast on eggs, ‖זוּר); thresh, lit. c. acc. חִטִּים 1 Ch 21:20, Je 50:11, לֶחֶם (i.e. its material) Is 28:28 (in sim.); abs. 2 K 13:7 (in sim.); Ho 10:11 (metaph. of Ephraim as heifer); tread or thresh Ju 8:7 with (אֶת = together with, cf. Stu; Ew:§ 234 e takes as acc., & vb. as abbrev Hiph.) thorns, קוֹחִים and בַּרְקָנִים q.v.; and also in Ju 8:16 (rd. וידשׁ cf. supr.) sq. בָּהֶם, with them, ref. to קוחים and ברקנים; fig. devastation of land Am 1:3 (Gilead), destruction of peoples Hb 3:12 (גוים); espec. Mi 4:13 (abs.), where full metaph.; hyperbol. of Israel Is 41:15 c. acc. הרים.—Niph. be trampled down, Pf. וְנָדוֹשׁ consec. Is. 25:10 fig., subj. Moab; Inf. הִדּוּשׁ ib. (simile, subj. מתבן straw-heap; on form cf. Ol:§ 193 a Ba:NB 156)—Hoph. be threshed, Impf. יוּדַשׁ Is 28:27 (subj. קֶחַח).

† דַּ֫יִשׁ n.m. threshing, i.e. the process of threshing, Lv 26:5 (H) אֶת־בָּחִיר וְהִשִּׂיג לָכֶם ד׳.

† [מְדֻשַָׁה] n.f. that which is threshed; sf. מְדֻשַָׁתִ Is 21:10 (‖בֶּן־גָּרְנִי) fig. in address to Israel by prophet.

†I. דִּישֹׁן n.[m.] a clean animal, LXX πύγαργος cf. Vulgate; hence AV RV & most pygarg, a kind of antelope or gazelle, cf. Di Lv 11:2f.; perh. rather mountain-goat, Hom:NS 391 cf. Eth.Vrs.; only Dt 14:5—(Hom:l. c. der. fr. √ דושׁ with kindred meaning of spring, leap & comp. As. daššu; so already Dl:S i. 54).

†II. דִּישֹׁן n.pr.m. 1. a son of Seir דִּשׁוֹן Gn 36:21 = דִּישֹׁן 1 Ch 1:38; 2. a son of Anah & grandson of Seir דִּשָֹׁן Gn 36:25 cf. v:30 so also v:26 (for דִּישָׁן q.v.) = דִּישׁוֹן 1 Ch 1:41, 1:41, 1:42, cf. also foll.

† דִּישָׁן n.pr.m. a son of Seir דִּישָָׁן Gn 36:21 (LXX ̔Ρισών; so v:28, v:30 cf. Di) 1 Ch 1:38; (v:42 rd. דִּישׁוֹן q.v.) Gn 36:26 (rd. דִּישׁוֹן LXX SyrVer Vulgate Ol Di) v:30 דִּישָׁ֖ן Gn 36:28.

דָּחָה vb. push, thrust (NH id., Aram. דְּחִי, דְּחָא, ܕܚܳܐ; cf also Ar. دَحَ, spread, extend, also throw, propel)—Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. דְּחִיתַנִי Ps 118:13; Inf. cstr. לִרְחוֹת Ps 140:5; abs. דָּחֹה Ps 118:13; Pt. act. דֹּחֶה Ps 35:5 (rd. דֹּחָם LXX De Che); pass. f. הַדְּחוּיָה Ps 62:4; —push, דָּחֹה רָחָה push violently fig. c. acc. Ps 118:13 sq. cl. of purpose לִנְפֹּל, cf. לִדְחוֹת פעמי Ps 140:5 (Che trip up my feet), & Ps 35:5 (transp. דחה with רדפם v:6 and rd. דֹּחָם LXX; cf. יְהִי־דרכם חשׁך וַחֲלַקְלַקֹּת v:a, and Je 23:12); pushed in (Che), in sim., pt. pass., said of גָּדֵר wall Ps 62:4 (‖קיר נטוי). Niph. Impf. יִדָּחֶה Pr 14:32; (3 mpl. יִדַּ֫חוּ Je 23:12 is fr. דחח, if rightly pointed; נִדְחֵי Is 11:12, 56:8, Ps 147:2, v. sub נדח);—be thrust or cast down, fig. of wicked Pr 14:32, cf. Ps 35:6 supr. Pu. Pf. 3 pl. דֹּחוּ Ps 36:13 they are thrust down (‖נפלו & לא יכלו קום).

† [דְּחִי] n. [m.] stumbling, רַגְלַי…הִצַּלְתָּ מִדֶּחִָי Ps 56:14 = 116:8.

† מִדְחֶה n.m. means or occasion of stumbling, Pr 26:28 פֶּה־חָלָק יַעֲשֶׂה מ׳ (‖לְשׁוֹן־שֶׁקֶר יִשְׂנָא דַכָּו).

[דָּחַח] vb. only Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. יִדַּ֫חוּ (Kö:i. 377) Je 23:12 they shall be thrust down, fig., of wicked; rd. perh. יִתדָּח֫וּ, fr. דחה q.v.

דחן (√ of following; perh. cf. Ar. دَخَنَ smoke arose, hence become dusky, dingy, inclining to black).

† דֹּ֫חַן n.m. millet (NH דּוֹחַן, Aram. דּוֹחִינָא ד׳), Ez 4:9 in the series חִטִּין וּשְׂעֹרִים וּפוֹל וַעֲדָשִׁים וְכֻסְּמִים וְד׳ v. Löw:72.

† [דָּחַף] vb. drive, hasten (late) (NH id., Aram. דְּחַף)—Qal Pt. pass. pl. דְּחוּפִים of runners Est 3:15, 8:14 (‖מְבֹהָלִים). Niph. Pf. hasten one's self, hurry נִדְחַף אֶל־ Est 6:12; נִדְחַף לָחֵאת 2 Ch 26:20 (‖בהל).

† [מַדְחֵפָה] n.f. thrust, Ps 140:12 יְחוּדֶנּוּ לְמַדְחֵפֹת (evil) shall hunt him with thrust upon thrust (Che, cf. De).

† [דָּחַק] vb. thrust, crowd, oppress (NH id., Ar. دَحَقَ drive away, remove, Aram. דְּחַק, ܕܚܰܩ)—Qal Impf. יִדְחָק֔וּן thrust, crowd, of locusts in swarm Jo 2:8; Pt. act. pl. sf. לֽחֲחֵיהֶם וְדֹחֲקֵיהֶם Ju 2:18 (because of) them that maltreated and oppressed them.

† דַּי subst. sufficiency, enough (NH, but not known in other cogn. languages)—cstr. דֵּי, with sf. (v. infr.) דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ, דַּיָּם:—

1. absol. thrice only Mal 3:10 I will pour you out a blessing עַד־בְּלִי־דָֽי until there is not sufficiency, i.e. until my abundance can be exhausted, or, as this can never be, for ever (cf. Ps 72:7), Est 1:18 וּכְדַי בִּזָּיוֹן וָקָָחֶף and (there will be) as enough (i.e. in plenty) contempt and wrath, 2 Ch 30:3 לְמַדַּי = לְמַה־דַּי for what was sufficient. With a gen. of the person or thing for which anything suffices: Ex 36:5 מִדֵּי הָעֲבֹדָה (more) than enough for the work, Lv 5:7 and if his hand do not reach (if he do not command) דֵּי שֶׂה enough for (i.e. to buy) a lamb, 12:8, 25:28 דֵּי הָשִׁיב לוֹ enough for recovering it, Dt 15:8 דֵּי מַחְסֹרוֹ enough for his need, Is 40:16, 40:16. With suff. Pr 25:16 אֱכֹל דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ eat that which is sufficient for thee; דַּיָּם Ex 36:7, Je 49:9, Ob v:5. Once with gen. of the thing which is sufficient, Pr 27:27 דֵּי חֲלֵב עִזִּים enough of goats' milk.

2. Combined with בְּ, כְּ, and esp. מִן, דַּי (דֵּי) has a tendency to form compound prepositions, used idiomatically in certain applications:—a. בְּדֵי (α) for (the בְּ pretii) what suffices for: Na 2:13 the lion tare in pieces בְּדֵי גֹרוֹתָיו for the need of his whelps (‖לְלִבְאֹתָיו; but ? כְּדֵי, v. b); iron. Hb 2:13, Je 51:58 the peoples labour בְּדֵי־אֵשׁ for fire (only to satisfy the fire), and the nations weary themselves בְּדֵי־רִיק for what is empty. (β) in the abundance of, i.e. as often as Job 39:25 בְּדֵי שׁוֹפָר in the abundance of the trumpet, i.e. as often as the trumpet sounds (מִדֵּי elsewhere in this sense). b. כְּדֵי according to the sufficiency, or abundance, of Lv 25:26 and find כְּדֵי גְאֻלָּתוֹ acc. to the sufficiency of his redemption, i.e. as much as it demands, Dt 25:2, Ne 5:8 כְּדֵי בָנוּ (st. c. before בְּ: Ges:§ 130, 1) ‘quantum in nobis erat,’ after our ability, Ju 6:5 they came כְּדֵי אַרְבֶּה לָרֹב acc. to the abundance of the locust in multitude (for which כָּאַרְבֶּה לָרֹב would ordinarily be said: cf. 7:12). c. מִדֵּי out of the abundance of, hence as often as;—(α) sq. inf. 1 S 1:7 מִדֵּי עֲלֽתָהּ = as often as she went up, 18:30, 1 K 14:28 (= 2 Ch 12:11) 2 K 4:8, Is 28:19 מִדֵּי עָבְרוֹ as often as it passeth over, Je 31:20; (β) sq. subst., Je 48:27 מִדֵּי דְבָרֶיךָ בּוֹ as often as thy words (are) of him; and in the idiom. phrases מִדֵּי שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה = yearly (a combination of מִדֵּי שָׁנָה and שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה: v. sub שָׁנָה) 1 S 7:16 (v. Dr) Zc 14:16, 2 Ch 24:5; and מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ Is 66:23 as often as month (comes) in its month (i.e. in its own time: חֹדֶשׁ made more precise by the add. of בְּחָדְשׁוֹ; cf. the phrase דְּבַר יוֹם בְּיוֹמוֹ): so מִדֵּי שַׁבָּת בְּשַׁבַּתּוֹ ib.; (γ) as conj., with the finite verb (אֲשֶׁר being understood: cf. בַּעֲבוּר etc.), Je 20:8 מִדֵּי אֲדַבֵּר as often as I speak.

† דִּי זָהָב n.pr.loc. appar. on border of Moab Dt 1:1 (LXX Καταχρύσεα).

† דִּיבֹן, דִּיבוֹן n.pr.loc.—

1. city in Moab (MI:21, MI:28 דיבן, cf. ib.:1 adj. gent. הדיבני)—דִּיבֹן Nu 21:30, 32:3, 32:34 (built up or at by Gad) Is 15:2; in territory of Gad, hence דִּיבֹן גָּדָ Nu 33:45, 33:46 (cf. on these vv. & 32:34 MI:10 f.); also דִּיבוֹן Jos 13:9, 13:17, Je 48:22; ישֶׁבֶת בַּת דִּיבוֹן Je 48:18; = דִּימוֹן Is 15:9, vid. also מֵי דִימוֹן v:9 = Arnon, cf. Che & Hpt:ZA 1887, 268;—mod. Dîbân, north of Arnon, cf. Seetzen:Reisen i. 409 Tristr:Land of Moab 132 ff. Bd:Pal 193.

2. דִּיבֹן Ne 11:25 place in Judah, toward south = דִּימוֹנָה Jos 15:22, cf. Hpt:l.c.; conject. by Kn Ke (cf. Di) to be Tell ed Dheib (van de Velde:Mem. 252) called also Ehdeib (Rob:BR ii. 102).

דִּיג, דַּיָּג v. sub דגה. p. 185f

דַּיָּה v. sub דאה. p. 178

דְּיוֹ v. sub דוה. p. 188

† דִּימוֹן n.pr.loc. = דִּיבוֹן 1, q.v. above

† דִּימוֹנָה n.pr.loc. = דִּיבוֹן 2, q.v. above

† דִּין vb. judge (cf. Ar. دَانَ intrans. to be obedient, submissive, trans. requite, compensate, rule, govern, دِينُ obedience, abasement, recompense, دَيَّانُ requiter, governor, مَدِينَةُ city; As. dânu, Impf. idin, judge Asrb:Ann. x. 120 Dl:HA 49; Aram. דִּין, ܕܳܘܢ judge, exercise judgment, punish, דַּיָּינָא, ܕܰܝܳܢܳܐ, judge, דִּינָא, ܕܝܢ judgment, ܡܕܺܝܬܳܐ city;—on √ י“ע v. Nö:ZMG 1883, 533), syn. שָׁפַט—Qal Pf. דָּן Je 22:16 etc.; Impf. יָדִין Gn 49:16 + 9 t., יָדוֹן Gn 6:3 cf. infr., etc.; Imv. דִּין Pr 31:9, Jb 35:14; דִּינוּ Je 21:12; Inf. לָדִין Ps 50:4 + 2 t.; Pt. דָּן Gn 15:14, Je 30:13; —

1. act as judge, minister judgment, of God ידין עמוֹ Dt 32:36 (poet. = Ps 135:14) Ps 50:4; דין עמים Ps 7:9, 96:10, Is 3:13; יָדִין לְאֻמִּים בְּמֵישָׁרִים Ps 9:9; Messianic king Ps 72:2.

2. plead the cause, a. of men, usu. c. acc. cogn., אֵין־דָּן דִּינֵךְ

there is none to plead thy cause Je 30:13; דִּין יָתוֹם ד׳ plead cause of orphan Je 5:28; דין עני ואביון ד׳ Je 22:16; also, acc. cogn. om., Pr 31:9. b. of God, דָּנַנִּי אֱלֽהִים God has pled my cause Gn 30:6 (E).

3. execute judgment, vindicate, in battle against enemies, דָּן יָדִין עַמּוֹ Dan will judge (vindicate as a warrior) his people (v. Di) Gn 49:16 (poet.); the Messianic king בגוים Ps 110:6; God, בִּגְבוּרָֽתְךָ תְדִינֵנִי in thy might judge me (vindicate me) Ps 54:3.

4. execute judgment, requite, of man, דִּינוּ לַבֹּקֶר מִשְׁפָּט execute judgment every morning Je 21:12; of God, upon Egypt Gn 15:14 (E); עמים by means of powers of nature Jb 36:31; אפסי ארץ 1 S 2:10 (poet.)

5. govern, אַתָּה תָּדִין אֶת־בֵּיתִי thou shalt govern my house Zc 3:7.

6. לאֹ־יוּכַל לָדִין עִם he cannot contend with one mightier than he Ec 6:10. Niph. Pt. וַיְהִי כָל־הָעָם נָדוֹן בְּכָל־שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל and all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel 2 S 19:10 (reciprocal, cf. Dr.)

Note.—לאֹ־יָדוֹן רוּחִי בָֽאָרָם לְעֹלָם Gn 6:3 is difficult. (1) LXX Vulgate SyrVer Onk rd. ידיר or (Kue) ילון abide in, dwell,—My spirit will not abide in man for ever; this best suits the context, but ידור, as Aramaism, is dub. (2) Kn De Schr RVm render rule in, supported by Zc 3:7 only. (3) Thes Ew Di render be humbled in, sustained by Ar. usage, but not by Heb. (4) strive with of AV RV (cf. 6 supr.) is hardly justified.

† דִּין n.[m.] judgment—Dt 17:8 + 16 t.; sf. דִּינִי Ps 9:5, דִּינֵךְ Je 30:13; —

1. כסא דין throne of judgment Pr 20:8; משׁמים השׁמעת דין from heaven thou didst cause judgment to be heard Ps 76:9.

2. cause, plea, בין דין לדין between plea and plea Dt 17:8; דין דין plead a cause Je 5:28, 22:16, 30:13; עשׂה דין maintain, the cause Ps 9:5, 140:13; ידע דין consider the cause Pr 29:7; דין לפניו the cause is before him Jb 35:14; שׁנה דין change the cause Pr 31:5; לְהַטּוֹת מִדִּין דַּלִּים Is 10:2; דין יתום Je 5:28; דין כל בני חֲלוֹף Pr 31:8.

3. judgment, condemnation, דין רשׁע judgment of the wicked Jb 36:17; דין ומשׁפט judgment and justice v:17.

4. strife, דין רקלון Pr 22:10 (legal strife, law-suit Str).

5. government, דת ודין law and government Est 1:13.

Note.—לְמַעַן תֵּדְעוּן שַׁדּיּ֯ן Jb 19:29 is variously explained. (1) AV RV that ye may know there is a judgment follow Aq Symm Theod, so De Da, in interpreting שׁ relative + דִּין judgment, but שׁ is unknown to the dialect of Job and דִּין is used only in Elihu section. (2) LXX rds. ὕλη, or ἴσχυς (i.e. שַׁדַּי (cf. 29:5 LXX) ? or שֹׁד?), & Qr שַׁדּוּן, indicating ancient uncertainty and a corrupt text. (3) Ew Di rd. שַׁדַּי the Almighty, which accords with usage of Job. (4) Siegf כִּי שֻׁדָָּדוּ (doubtfully).

† דִּינָה n.pr.f. daughter of Jacob Gn 30:21, 34:1, 34:3, 34:5, 34:13, 34:25, 34:26, 46:15.

† דָּן n.pr.m. (judge)—

1. son of Jacob and Bilhah Gn 30:6, 35:25, Ex 1:4, Jos 19:47, Ju 18:29, 1 Ch 2:2.

2. the tribe of Dan, מַטֵּה דָן Ex 31:6, 35:34, 38:23, Lv 24:11, Nu 1:39, 13:12, Jos 21:5, 21:23 (all P); בְּנֵי דָן Gn 46:23, Nu 1:38, 2:25, 7:66, 10:25, 26:42, 34:22, Jos 19:40, 19:47, 19:47, 19:48 (all P) Ju 1:34, 18:2, 18:16, 18:22, 18:23, 18:25, 18:26, 18:30; מַחֲנֵה דָן Nu 2:25, 2:31 (P)—on Ju 13:25, 18:12 v. מַחֲנֶה; מִשְׁפְּחֹת דָּן Nu 26:42 (P); דָּן alone in poetry Gn 49:16, 49:17, Dt 33:22, 33:22, Ju 5:17, elsewhere Nu 1:12 (P) Dt 27:13, 1 Ch 27:22, 2 Ch 2:13, Ez 48:1, 48:2, 48:32.

3. a city on northern frontier of Israel at one of the sources of the Jordan, originally לַיִשׁ Ju 18:29 (cf. v:7); = לֶשֶׁם Jos 19:47; captured by a colony of Danites; named Dan, and made a sacred place with rites of worship that lasted until the exile (Ju 18:30); = Tell el Kâdî, Rob:BR iii. 351, 358 Bd:Pa1 265. This place is frequently referred to: Gn 14:14, Dt 34:1, 1 K 12:29, 12:30, 15:20, 2 K 10:29, 2 Ch 16:4, Je 4:15, 8:16, Am 8:14; rd. also וּבְדָן for וְכֵן 2 S 20:18 LXX Ew We cf. Dr; and v. the phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Ju 20:1, 1 S 3:20, 2 S 3:10, 17:11, 24:2, 24:15, 1 K 5:5; given by Chr מִבְּאֵר שֶׁבַע וְעַד־דָּן 1 Ch 21:2, 2 Ch 30:5. (Ez 27:19 v. ודן.)

Note. &md; דָּ֫נָה יַעַן 2 S 24:6. As no such place is known, the text is usually regarded as corrupt, and, LXX being uncertain, is variously changed: (1) דָּ֫נָה יַעַר to Dan in the wood, Thes after Vulgate silvestria. (2) (וַיָּסֹבּוּ) דָּ֫נָה וְעִיּוֹן to Dan and Ijon Klo (cf. 1 K 15:20). (3) (סָֽבֲבוּ) דָּן וּמִדָּן We Dr cf. LXX.

† דָּנִי adj. gent. alw. c. art. as n.pr. coll. הַדָּנִי 1 Ch 12:35; שֵׁבֶט הַדָּנִי Ju 18:1, 18:30; מִשְׁפַּחַת הַדָּנִי Ju 13:2, 18:11.

† דַּיָּן n.m. judge 1 S 24:16; cstr. דַּיַּן Ps 68:6.

דָּנִאֵל, later דָּנִיֵּאל n.pr.m. (cf. Ew:§ 45 d; Ēl is my judge; on a possible connexion with Zend dânu, wise, or wisdom cf. Che:OP 107; v. Palm. דנאל Vog:93)—

1. son of David 1 Ch 3:1, דָּנִיֵּאל, but dub, cf. Che:OP 106; LXX Δαμνιηλ, LXXL & Codd. Δαλουια; ‖ 2 S 3:3 כִּלְאָב, LXX Δαλουια; Klo:Sm prop. דֹּדִיָּה, & in Ch דֹּדִיאֵל, but grounds precarious.

2. דָּנִיֵּאל, priest of the line of Ithamar Ezr 8:2, Ne 10:7.

3. דָּנִאֵל a great sage Ez 28:3; classed with Noah and Job as models of righteousness Ez 14:14, 14:20; perh. the same as

4. דָּנִיֵּאל, one of the noble young men taken into captivity by Nebuchadrezzar acc. to Dn 1:1–6, the hero of the book of Daniel, Dn 1:6 + 22 t. (also frequently in Aramaic section).

† I. מָדוֹן n.m.:Pr 22:10 strife, contention—Ps 80:7 + 9 t.; pl. מִדְיָנִים Pr 18:18, מִדְ֯וָנִים Pr 18:19 + 7 t.; contracted into מְדָנִים Pr 6:19, 10:12, מִדְ֯נִים Pr 6:14; cstr. מִדְיְנֵי Pr 19:13.

1. strife, contention, alm. wholly Pr:—Pr 18:19, 23:29, 26:20; also 17:14 (‖רִיב), 22:10 (‖דִּין וְקָלוֹן); יִשָּׂא מ׳ Hb 1:3 contention ariseth (‖ריב); שׁלּח מ׳ let loose strife Pr 6:14, 16:28; יְגָרֶה מ׳ he stirreth up strife 15:18, 28:25, 29:22; note esp. אִישׁ מִדְוָ֯נִים 26:21 = a contentious, quarrelsome man; oftener אֵשֶׁת מ׳ = a contentious woman 21:9, 25:24, 27:15, cf. וָכָָעַם אשׁת מ׳ 21:19.

2. object of contention Ps 80:7, cf. אִישׁ מָדוֹן Je 15:10 (‖אִישׁ רִיב).—On מָדוֹן 2 S 21:20 Qr, v. I. מִדָּה sub מדד. p. 551

† II. מָדוֹן n.pr.loc. a royal city of the Canaanites Jos 11:1, 12:19; LXX Μαρρων, Μαδων, Λαμορων; = Madîn close to Hattîn, Survey:i. 365, dub.; a village Maron lies 2 hours WSW. fr. Kedesh, van de Velde:Mem. 146, cf. Di.

† מְדָן n.pr.m. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2, 1 Ch 1:32.

מִדְיָן n.pr.m. 1. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2, 25:4 (J) 1 Ch 1:32, 1:33. 2. an Arabian tribe Gn 36:35 (= 1 Ch 1:46) Nu 31:3, 31:3, 31:7, 31:8, 31:8, 31:9 (P) Ju 6–9 (31 t.); having a כֹּהֵן (as chieftain?) Ex 2:16, 3:1, 18:1 (E); זקנים Nu 22:4; 22:7 (JE), (ים)נשׂיא Nu 25:18 (P) Jos 13:21 (P), שׂרים Ju 7:25, 8:3, מלכים Nu 31:8, 31:8, Ju 8:5, 8:12, 8:26; בִּכְרֵי מִדְיָן dromedaries of Midian Is 60:6; יוֹם מִדְיָן day of Midian Is 9:3 (the victory over Midian Ju 7–8) cf. 10:26, Ps 83:10, 3. אֶרֶץ מִרְיָן the land of Midian Ex 2:15 (E) Hb 3:7; מִדְיָן Ex 4:19 (J) Nu 25:15 (P) 1 K 11:18; land on Ælanitic gulf (where Arab. geographers still place town مدين). Cf. on Midian, Glaser:Skizze ii. 447 ff.; Hom:Aufsätze i. (l892), 4f.

† מִדְיָנִי adj. gent. Midianite—Nu 10:29 (J); f. מִדְיָנִית Nu 25:6, 25:14, 25:15 (P); pl. מִדְיָנִים Gn 37:28 (JE) Nu 25:17, 31:2 (P), מְדָנִים Gn 37:36 (E).

מְדִינָה n.f. province (an Aramaic word, cf. Syr. ܡܕܺܝܬܳܐ, Ar. مَدِينَةُ city)—Est 1:1 + 28 t.; pl. מְדִינוֹת 1 K 20:14 + 23 t.;—a district of an empire,

1. districts of realm of Ahab with שׂרים over them 1 K 20:14, 20:15, 20:17, 20:19.

2. of the Babylonian empire: Ez 19:8; Dn 8:2 (of Elam); שָׂרָתִי בַּמְּדִינוֹת princess among the provinces La 1:1 (of Judea).

3. of the Persian empire Est 1:1 + oft.; one of which was Palestine, Ne 1:3; the returning exiles, בְּנֵי הַמְּדִינָה children of the province Ezr 2:1, Ne 7:6 having רָאשֵׁי הַמְּדִינָה Ne 11:3.

4. provinces in general Ec 2:8, 5:7; בְּמִשְׁמַנֵּי מְדִינָה in the fat places of the province Dn 11:24 (fertile regions, prob. Egypt; other trans. vid. in Bev.)

† יָדוֹן n.pr.m. a Meronothite, one of the builders of the walls of Jerusalem Ne 3:7.

† דִּיפַת n.pr.m. a son of Gomer son of Japhet 1 Ch 1:6; but rd. prob. רִיפַת (q.v.); LXX ̓Ερειφαθ, ̔Ριφαε; LXXL ̔Ριφαθ; ‖ Gn 10:3 רִיפַת LXX ̔Ριφαθ, ̓Εριφαθ.

דָּיֵק v. sub דוק. p. 189

דִּישׁ, דַּיִשׁ, דִּישֹׁן, דִּישָׁן v. דושׁ. p. 190

† [דָּכָא] vb. crush, poet. (As. dakû, crush, Muss-Arnolt:Hbr. Oct. 1890, 66) not in Qal;—Niph. Pt. נִדְכָּאִים Is 57:15; —crushed, fig. = contrite ones. Pi. Pf. דִּכָּא Ps 143:3; 2 ms. דִּכִּאתָ Ps 89:11; Impf. וִידַכֵּא Ps 72:4; 2 ms. תְּדַכֵּא Pr 22:22 (juss); יְדַכְּאוּ Ps 94:5, תְּדַכְּאוּ Is 3:15; sf. וִידַכְּאֵנִי Jb 6:9, יְדַכְּאוּם Jb 4:19; 2 mpl. וּתְדַכּאוּנַּנִי Jb 19:2 (so Baer, v. his ed. p. 44, cf. Norzi); Inf. לִדַכֵּא La 3:34; sf. דַּכְּאוֹ Is 53:10; —crush, (fig.) c. acc. one's life to the earth Ps 143:3, Egypt Ps 89:11 (cf. De Che; י׳ subj.), servant of Yahweh Is 53:10 (י׳ subj.), Jb 6:9 וְיֹאֵל אֱלוֹהַּ וִיד׳; oppressor Ps 72:4, God's people Ps 94:5 (‖יְּעַנּוּ), Is 3:15, cf. Pr 22:22 illegally in tribunal, La 3:34 תחת רגליו ד׳ (in all human oppressor subj.); crush me בְּמִלִּים Jb 19:2 (Job's friends, subj.; ‖תּוֹגְיוּן נַפְשִׁי); never lit., not even Jb 4:19 (יְדַכְּאוּם, with indef. subj.)., for suff. ref. not to בָּֽתֵּי־חֹמֶר, but rather to שֹׁכְנֵי, i.e. men inhabiting the clay houses, bodies, cf. Di. Pu. Pf. דֻּכְּאוּ Je 44:10; Impf. יְדֻכָּא Jb 22:9; Pt. מְדֻכָּא Is 53:5, מְדֻכָּאִים Is 19:10; —crushed, broken in pieces, shattered Jb 22:9 c. obj. fem. זרועות; Is 19:10 subj. שָׁתוֹת (here metaphor. for nobles); fig. of servant of י׳ Is 53:5; made humble, contrite Je 44:10. Hithp. Impf. יִדַּכְּאוּ Jb 5:4, יִדַּכָָּאוּ Jb 34:25; —must let themselves be crushed, i.e. maltreated Jb 5:4 (in court בשׁער, cf. Pi. Pr 22:22); are crushed Jb 34:25 (the mighty, by God).

† I. דַּכָּא adj. contrite (crushed)—דַּכָּא Is 57:15; דַּכְּאֵי Ps 34:19—contrite Is 57:15 (‖שְׁפַל־רוּחַ); רוּחַ ד׳ Ps 34:19 (‖נִשְׁבְּרֵי־לֵב).

† II. דַּכָּא n.[m.] dust (as pulverized), תָּשֵׁב אֱנוֹשׁ עַד־דַּכָּא Ps 90:3 (on form cf. Ba:NB 143).

† [דָּכָה] vb. id. (only Psalm);—Qal dub.; ודכה (יָשֹׁחַ) Ps 10:10 Kt is rd. as Qal Pf. וְדָבָה consec. by RobGes Ol De al., i.e. and he is crushed, or and he croucheth (Qr יִדְכֶּה Impf. so AV RV he croucheth); others rd. וְדָכֶה יָשֹׁחַ (adj. intrans. or passive) and crushed he sinketh down, cf. VB Che; possible wd. be יִדָּכֶה Niph. (‖יָשֹׁחַ and ונפל). Niph. Pf. וְנִדְכֵּ֫יתִי Ps 38:9; Pt. נִדְכֶּה Ps 51:19; —be crushed, broken, of physical distress Ps 38:9 (‖נְפוּגֹתִי); be contrite (לֵב נִדְכֶּה) Ps 51:19 (‖נִשְׁבָּר). Pi. Pf. דִּכִּיתָ Ps 51:10; sf. דִּכִּיתָנוּ Ps 44:20; crush down, of divine wrath; c. acc. Ps 44:20, and crush to pieces, obj. ref. to עחמות, in metaph. Ps 51:10.—דָּכוּ» Nu 11:8 v. דוך.

† [דֳּכִי] n.[m.] (crushing), crashing, dashing, sf. ישׂאִו נהרות דָּכְיָם Ps 93:3 of ocean (waves).

דכך (√ of foll.; cf. Ar. دَكَّ, Aram. דְּכַח NH in deriv.; v. also דכא, דכה).

† דַּךְ adj. crushed, oppressed—דַּךְ Ps 74:21; דָָּךְ Ps 9:10, 10:18; pl. sf. דַּכָָּו Pr 26:28 (Baer; edd. al. דַּכָּיו)—poet.; always fig., oppressed, distressed Ps 9:10, 10:18 (‖יתום) 74:21(‖עָנִי and אביון); Pr 26:28 דַּכָּו = those crushed by it (a lying tongue).

† דַּכָּה n.f. crushing, פְּחוּעַ־דַּכָּה Dt 23:2 one wounded by crushing (viz. of testicles).

דָּל, דַּל n. door, v. sub דלה. below

דַּל adj. v. sub דלל. p. 195

† [דָּלַג] vb. leap ( NH spring over, skip (a verse), omit)—Qal Pt. דּוֹלֵג Zp 1:9 leap, c. art. one leaping על־הַמִּפְתָּן; LXX 1 S 5:5 ὑπερβαίνοντες ὑπερβαίνουσί = דָּלֽג יִדְלָֽגוּ cf. Dr. Pi. Impf. יְדַלֵּג Is 35:6; אֲדַלֶּג־ Ps 18:30 = 2 S 22:30; Pt. מְדַלֵּג Ct 2:8; —leap, leap over c. acc. שׁוּר Ps 18:30 = 2 S 22:30; abs. leap as the stag, כָּאַיָּל פִּסֵּחַ יְד׳ Is 35:6; sq. על of locality Ct 2:8 (‖מְקַפֵּץ).

† דָּלָה vb. draw (water) (NH id., Aram. דְּלָא, ܕܠܳܐ; Ar. دَلَا pull up bucket; II, IV let down; v hang down; cf. دَلْوُ bucket; Eth. dalawa:: weigh; As. dalû, draw water, cf. Dl § 108 C Adler:PAOS Oct. 1888, xcix.; also dilûtu, bucket, Id:ib; dalâni COT:Gloss)—Qal Pf. דָּלָה Ex 2:19; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִדְלֶָנָּה Pr 20:5; דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 v.infr.; 3f.p1. וַתִּדְלֶנָה Ex 2:16; Inf. abs דָּלֽה Ex 2:19; —draw (water, but no obj. expr.) Ex 2:6, 2:19, 2:19, fig. of drawing counsel (עֵחָזה) out of heart, c. acc. (sf.) Pr 20:5.—דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 is difficult; rd. perh. 3 m. pl. דָּלָיוּ intrans., a lame man's legs hang down (helpless) so Ew Sta:§ 413 a; other views in De Now. Pi. Pf. 2 ms. sf. דִּלִּיתָָנִי Ps 30:2 fig. (cf. Pa. in Syr.) subj. י׳ thou hast drawn me up (out of Shₑ’ôl, cf. v:4).

† [דָּל] n.[m.] door (Ph. דל) only fig.: cstr. דַּל שָׂפָתָָי Ps 141:3.

† [דָּלָה] n.f. door, only Qr דְּלָתְֽךָ (Kt דלתיך) Is 26:20 fig., door of chamber in which people (personified) hides (cf. also דֶּלֶת du.) p. 195

† דְּלִי n.[m.] bucket, כְּמַר מִדְּלִי like a drop (hanging) from a bucket Is 40:15; Du. sf. יזל מים מִדָּֽלְיָו Nu 24:7 cf. Di (on form dolyāw cf. EW:§ 180 a & Anm. 3, also Sta:§ 52 a); fig. of Israel's prosperity.

† [דָּלִיּוֹת] pl. of [דָּלִית] n.f. branch, bough, metaph. of Israel under figure of olive tree דָּֽלִיּוֹתָיו Je 11:16 Ez 17:6, 17:7 (figure of vine); v:23. (under figure of cedar); 31:7, 31:9, 31:12 of Asshur as a cedar, דָּלִיֹּתָיו Ez 19:11 Isr. as a vine (cf. Löw: 65).

† דֶּ֫לֶת n.f. (? m. Ne 13:19) door (NH id.; As. daltu(m) Strm:Av 1843 Schr:COT Gloss; Ph. pl. דלהת CIS:i. 7. 3; —acc. to Ba:ZMG 1887, 607 fr. √ ידל, As. edilu, to bolt, bar)—דֶּלֶת (always abs., and c. art. exc. Ct 8:9 + Ez 41:24 but here Co art.) Gn 19:10 + 18 t.; דָָּלֶת Gn 19:9, Ju 19:22; sf. דַּלְתּוֹ 2 K 12:10; Du. דְּלָתַיִם (cf. Sta:§ 187 a) Dt 3:5 + 9 t., דְּתָָיִם Jb 38:10; cstr. דַּלְתֵי Jos 2:19 + 6 t. + Ez 26:2 Co; sf. דְּלָתַי Jb 31:32, דְּלָתֶיךָ Zc 11:1 + Is 26:20 Kt (cf. דָּלָה n.f.), דְּלָתֶיהָ Jos 6:26, 1 K 16:34; pl. דְּלָתוֹת Je 36:23 + 10 t.; cstr. דַּלְתוֹת Ju 3:23 + 19 t. + Ez 26:2 (Co דלתי); sf. דַּלְתֹתַי Pr 8:34, דַּלְתוֹתָיו 2 Ch 3:7, 4:22; דַּלְתֹתָיו Ne 3:1, 3:3, 3:6, 3:13, 3:14, 3:15; דַּלְתוֹתֵהֶם 2 Ch 4:9;

1. door of house (disting. fr. door-way, cf. 1 K 6:31 פֶּתַח Gn 19:6) Gn 19:9, 19:10, Ex 2:6 (all JE) Dt 15:17, Jos 2:19 (JE) Ju 11:31, 19:22, 19:27, 1 S 21:14 (דלתות השׁער) 2 K 4:4, 4:5, 6:32, 6:32, Is 57:8, Jb 31:32; so fig. of wisdom's house Pr 8:34 לִשְׁקֹד עַל־דַּלְתֹתַי; partic. doors of house of י׳ 1 S 3:15 (הֵיכַל י׳ v:3); temple 1 K 6:34, 6:34, 6:34, 7:50, 2 K 18:16, 1 Ch 22:3, 2 Ch 3:7, 4:22, 28:24, 29:3, Ne 6:10, Mal 1:10; so of Ezek.'s temple, Ez 41:23, 41:24, 41:24, 41:24, 41:24, 41:24, 41:25.

2. door of room Ju 3:23, 3:24, 3:25, 2 S 13:17, 13:18, 2 K 4:33, 9:3, 9:10. esp. doors of דביר or קדשׁים ק׳ 1 K 6:31, 6:32, 7:50, 2 Ch 4:22 cf. also Ez 41:23; also of court עֲזָרָה 2 Ch 4:9, 4:9, and of porch אוּלָם 2 Ch 29:7.

3. gates of city Dt 3:5, Jos 6:26 (cf. 1K 16:34) Ju 16:3, 1 S 23:7, 2 Ch 8:5, 14:6, Ne 3:1, 3:3, 3:6, 3:13, 3:14, 3:15, 6:1, 7:1 (ד׳ then generally distinct fr. שׁער, wh. denotes the whole structure of gate, incl. posts, open space, etc., while ד׳ is swinging door), 7:3, 13:19 (where also sense narrower than ‖שׁעת) Is 45:1 (‖שׁערים) cf. v:2 and Ps 107:16; Je 49:31, Ez 38:11.

4. in other senses (mostly fig.): door (prob. lid) of chest 2 K 12:10; aperture of womb Jb 3:10 (בטני ד׳); jaws of crocodile Jb 41:6 (פניו ד׳); lips of man Ec 12:4; doors enclosing and shutting off sea Jb 38:8, 38:10; doors of heaven through wh. comes rain Ps 78:23 (cf. אֲרֻבֹּת השׁ׳ Gn 7:11); of column of MS. (from shape) Je 36:23; fig. of easily accessible woman, Ct 8:9; in simile Pr 26:14; of Jerus. as gate of people Ez 26:2; of Lebanon Zc 11:1.

† דְּלָיָ֫הוּ, דְּלָיָה n.pr.m. (Yah(u) hath drawn)—

1. דְּלָיָהוּ, a. a priest, contemp. David, 1 Ch 24:18. b. a prince of Judah, contemp. Jerem. Je 36:12, 36:25.

2. דְּלָיָה, a. head of a family contemp. with Zerubb. Ezr 2:60 = Ne 7:62. b. descendant of Zerubb. 1 Ch 3:24. c. father of contemp. of Neh. Ne 6:10.

† [דָּלַח] vb. make turbid (As. dalâḫu, disturb, Zim:Bp 81 also in deriv.; Pal. Targum דְּלַח fig. be anxious, fear, ܕܠܰܚ turbavit, conturbavit)—Qal Impf. 2 ms., וַתִּדְלַח Ez 32:2; 3 fs. sf. תִּדְלָחֵם Ez 32:13 + v:13 (Co תרפשׂם);—stir up, trouble, make turbid (always with feet) sq. מים Ez 32:2 (‖תִּרְפֹּס,—ס Baer, and not שׂ); so 32:13 a, b (but v:13 b. Co rds. תרפשׂ (cf. v:2) for תדלחם).

† דָּלַל vb. hang, be low, languish (NH Hiph. thin, thin out vines, etc.; As. dalâlu, be weak, humble Zim:Bp 74. 97; Ar. دَلَّ direct, guide, دُلَّ, be directed, guided; دَلْدَلَ put in motion, commotion; تَدَلْدَلَ be in motion, hang, dangle; also دَلُّ amorous, coquettish, gesture or behaviour of women)—Qal Pf. דֵּלּֽתִי Ps 116:6, דַּלּוֹתִי 142:7; 1 pl. דַּלּוֹנוּ Ps 79:8, דָּֽלֲלוּ Is 19:6, דַּלּוּ Is 38:14, Jb 28:4 (on דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 cf. דָּלָה);—hang, ‘depend’, Jb 28:4 (of one descending a miner's shaft ‖נָעוּ); be low, of streams Is 19:6 (‖חָֽרְבוּ); be low, brought low, metaph. of distress Ps 79:8, 116:6, 142:7; languish, of eyes, look languishingly (Che) Is 38:14.—Niph. Impf. יִדַּל Is 17:4, וַיִּדַּל Ju 6:6, —be brought low, laid low, Ju 6:6 fig. of Israel; Is 17:4 of glory of Jacob.

† דַּל adj. low, weak, poor, thin (especially common in Wisd. lit. and poet.)—דַּל Lv 14:21 + 8 t., דָָּל Ex 23:3 + 17 t. + שָדּל Ps 82:3; דַּלִּים Am 2:7 + 17 t.; דַּלּוֹת Gn 41:19; —weak, thin, of kine Gn 41:19 (E); of Amnon 2 S 13:4; weak, of family of Saul 2 S 3:l (opp. חָזֵק) cf. Ju 6:15; reduced, poor (opp. rich) Lv 14:21(P) Ru 3:10 (opp. עָשִׁיר) Je 5:4 (opp. to הגדולים, v:5) Pr 28:15, Zp 3:12 (עַם עָנִי וָדָָל); mostly subst., a poor (man), the poor Ex 23:3 (JE); opp. to עָשִׁיר Ex 30:15 (P) Pr 10:15, 22:16, 28:11; opp. הוֹן Pr 19:4; ‖אביון 1 S 2:8, Jb 5:16, Ps 72:13, 82:4, 113:7, Pr 14:31, Is 14:30, 25:4, Am 4:1, 8:6; cf. also Jb 20:10, 20:19, Pr 22:9, Je 39:10; reduced, weak, helpless (‖עני) Jb 34:28, Ps 82:3(‖ also יתום), Pr 22:22, 10:2, 11:4, 26:6, Am 2:7; ‖אלמנה Jb 31:16; opp. שׁוֹעַ Jb 34:19; —cf. also Ps 41:2, Pr 19:17, 21:13, 28:3, 28:8, 29:7, 29:14.

† I. דַּלָּה n.f. coll., hair, thrum (both front hanging down)—דַּלָּה Is 38:12; cstr. דַּלַּת Ct 7:6; —hair, ראשׁך ד׳ Ct 7:6; thrum (threads of warp hanging in loom) in sim. of premature death מִדַּלָּה יְבַצְּעֵנִי Is 38:12.

† II. [דַּלָּה] n.f. the poor—cstr. דַּלַּת Je 40:7 + 2 t.; pl. דַּלּוֹת Je 52:15, 52:16; —the poor (coll., weak, helpless ones) Je 40:7, 2 K 24:14, 25:12 (in ‖ Je 52:16, as also v:15, MT has strangely the pl.)

† דְּלִילָה n.pr.f. Delila, Philistine woman, mistress of Samson Ju 16:4, 16:6, 16:10, 16:12, 16:13, 16:18.

† דִּלְעָן n.pr.loc. a city of Judah, Jos 15:38.

† דָּלַף vb. drop, drip (WisdLt.) (NH id. (זלף more common), דֶּלֶף through, etc., Aram. דְּלַף, ܕܠܰܦ, drip)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. אֶל־אֱלוֹהַּ דָּֽלְפָה עֵינִי Jb 16:20 i.e. weeps (drops in tears); דָּֽלְפָה נַפְשִׁי מִתּוּגָה Ps 119:28 i.e. weeps (itself away Che cf. De); Impf. :בְּשִׁפְלוּת יָדַיִם יִדְלֽף הַבָּֽיִת Ec 10:18 the house drips, i.e. leaks, because cracks are not mended.

† דֶּ֫לֶף n.m. a dropping (of rain, cf. Wetzst:ZPV xiv.1891, 5), fig. דֶּלֶף טֹרֵד מִדְיְנֵי אִשָּׁה Pr 19:13 etc.; :טוֹרֵד בְּיוֹם סֵגְרִָיר וְאֵשֶׁת מִדְוָ֯נִים נִשְׁתָּֽוָהּ ד׳ Pr 27:15.

† דַּלְפוֹן n.pr.m. a son of Haman, Est 9:7.

† דָּלַק vb. burn (intrans.), hotly pursue (NH id., Aram. דְּלַק, ܕܠܰܦ all intrans. burn, kindle; Hiph., Aph. transitive)—Qal Pf. 2 ms. דָּלַקְתָּ Gn 31:36; 3 mpl. וְדָֽלְקוּ consec. Ob:18; sf. דְּלָקֻנִי La 4:19; Impf. יִדְלַק Ps 10:2; Inf. cstr. דְּלֽק 1 S 17:53; Pt. act. pl. דֹּלְקִים Ps 7:14, Pr 26:23; —

1. burn, וְדָֽלְקוּ בָהֶם Ob:18 (fig. of Isr. ravaging among Edomites, ‖וַאֲכָלוּם; on construction c. בְּ cf. 2 K 17:25); also in חִצָּיו לְדֹלְקִים יִפְעָָל Ps 7:14 his arrows he maketh burning ones (subj. God) RV De Che al.; & שְׂפָתַיִם דֹּלְקִים Pr 26:23 burning (fervent) lips (opp. לֵב רָָע).

2. hotly pursue Gn 31:36 (E; sq. אַחֲרֵי) 1 S 17:53 (sq. id.); Ps 10:2, La 4:19 (both sq. acc.) Hiph. Impf. sf. יַדְלִיקֵם Is 5:11; Imv. הַדְלֵק Ez 24:10; —inflame, c. acc., subj. wine Is 5:11; kindle obj. הָאֵשׁ Ez 24:10.

† דַּלֶּ֫קֶת n.f. inflammation, Dt 28:22.

דֶּלֶת v. sub דלה. p. 195

† דָּם:360 n.m.:Gn 9:6 blood (NH id., Ar. دَمُّ, Eth. dam: As. damu Nor:239 Zim:BP 72, 76; Aram. דַּם, דְּמָא ܕܶܡ, ܕܡܳܐ)—abs. ד׳ Gn 37:22 + 154 t.; cstr. דַּם Gn 9:6 + 62 t.; sf. דָּמִי 1 S 26:20 + 3 t.; דָּֽמְךָ 2 S 1:16 (Qr; Kt דמיך) + 4 t.; דָּמֵח Ez 16:22 + 3 t.; דָּמוֹ Gn 9:4 + 30 t.; דָּמָהּ Lv 4:30, 4:30 + 11 t.; דִּמְכֶם Gn 9:5; דָּמָם Lv 16:27 + 11 t.; pl. דָּמִים Ex 4:25 + 35 t.; cstr. דְּמֵי Gn 4:10 + 18 t.; sf. דָּמֶיךָ 2 S 1:16 Kt (Qr דָּֽמְךָ); דָּמַיִח Ez 16:6, 16:6, 16:6, 16:9; דָּמָיו Lv 20:9 + 3 t.; דָּמֶיהָ Lv 12:7 + 2 t.; דְּמֵיהֶם Lv 20:11 + 5 t.;—

1. blood of man or animal, = the life (נֶפֶשׁ) Gn 9:4 (P) Dt 12:23, Lv 17:14, 17:14 (H); cf. נֶפֶשׁ הַבָּשָׂר בַּדָּם הִוא v:11 (H) & דִּמְכֶם לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Gn 9:5 (P); see also Ps 72:14 וְיֵיקַר דָּמָם בְּעֵינָיו; hence blood of animals not to be eaten Lv 3:17, 7:26, 7:27(all P) 17:10, 17:10, 17:12, 17:12, 17:14, 19:26 (all H) Dt 12:16, 12:23, 15:23, 1 S 14:32, 14:33, 14:34, Ez 33:25 (cf. RS:K 310), but to be poured out & covered with dust Lv 17:13 (cf. RS:Sem. i. 216 f.).

2. usually blood become visible, a. as from a wound הַמַּכָּה ד׳ 1 K 22:35 (cf. חֲתַן דָּמִים Ex 4:25; 4:26 v. infr. h); licked by dogs 1 K 21:19, 21:19, 22:38, Ez 32:6; from the nose Pr 30:33; bloody issue of a woman Lv 15:19 cf. v:25; pl. דְּמֵי טָֽגהֳרָה 12:4, 12:5, & מְקֹר דָּמֶיהָ v:7 (all P) 20:18 (H); blood in which child welters Ez 16:6, 16:6, 16:22 + v:6 (del. AB SyrVer Co al.); of goat Gn 37:31 (JE); of slain bird Lv 14:6, 14:51, 14:52. b. oft. obj. of שָׁפַח, spill, shed Gn 9:6 (P) 37:22 (E) Nu 35:33 (P) Lv 17:4 (H) Dt 21:7, 1 S 25:31, 1 K 18:28, 2 K 21:16, 24:4, 1 Ch 22:8, Ez 16:38, 22:4, 22:6, 22:9, 22:12, 22:27, 23:45, 33:25, 36:18 (del. B Co) Pr 1:16 also Ps 79:3 שָֽׁפְכוּ דָמָם כַּמַּיִם; שֹׁפֵח דָּם a blood-shedder Ez 18:10; עִיר שֹׁפֶכֶת דָּם Ez 22:3 cf. v:4 (also 1 K 2:31, Je 22:3, 22:17, 1 Ch 22:8, 28:3, Pr 6:17, La 4:13); less oft. subj. of pass. פָוּךְ, נִשְׁפָּח, etc. Gn 9:6, Nu 35:33 (both P) Dt 19:10, Zp 1:17, Ps 79:10. c. דַּם חָלָל Dt 32:42 (song) blood of slain; חֲלָלִים ד׳ 2 S 1:22 so Nu 23:24 (JE), obj. of שָׁתָה, of Isr. under fig. of lion; cf. also Ez 39:17, 39:18, 39:19, & 2 S 23:17 = 1 Ch 11:19 (דַּם הָאֲנָשִׁים hyperbol. for imperilled life); as food of young eagles Jb 39:30. d. oft. of innocent blood, i.e. blood shed with injustice & cruelty, דָּם נָקִי Dt 21:8, 21:9, 1 S 19:5, 2 K 21:16, 24:4, Ps 94:21, 106:38 cf. v:38, Pr 6:17, Is 59:7, Je 7:6, 22:3 (also 26:15); דָּם נָקִיא Jo 4:19, Jon 1:14; also in cstr. דַּם נָקִי Dt 19:10; cf. 27:25 לְהַכּוֹת נֶפֶשׁ נ׳ ד׳; דַּם הַנָּקִי Dt 19:13, Je 22:17, 2 K 24:4; דַּם נְקִיִּים Je 19:4; דַּם נַפְשׁוֹת אֶבְיוֹנִים נְקִיִּים Je 2:34; further דַּם חַדִּיקִים La 4:13; דְּמֵי חִנָּם 1 K 2:31; in Ps 31:10 דָּמִי = my death (‖רִדְתִּי אֶל־שַׁחַת). e. avenger of blood גֹּאֵל הַדָּם Nu 35:19, 35:21, 35:24, 35:25, 35:27, 35:27 (all P); Dt 19:6, 19:12, Jos 20:3, 20:5, 20:9, 2 S 14:11. f. pl. דָּמִים of abundance, blood in quantity, hence sts. of blood shed by rude violence, and of blood-stains;—Gn 4:10, 4:11(J) as crying from the ground for vengeance (cf. RS:Sem. i. 397), comp. also 2 S 3:28, 16:8, 2 K 9:26, 9:26, Is 1:15, 9:4, 26:21, Ez 16:6, 16:6, 16:6, 16:9, 16:36 (on txt. of v:6 vid. supr.) Zc 9:7, 2 Ch 24:25; דְּמֵי אָדָם Hb 2:8, 2:17, and in other connexions; but interchangeably with sg. 2 S 3:27, 20:12, 2 K 9:33, Is 34:3, 34:6, 34:6, 34:7, Ez 21:37, 22:13 (pl. Co) 24:8, 24:8 al.; v. esp. אֶרֶץ אַל־תְּכַסִּי דָמִי Jb 16:18; דְּמֵי ירושׁלם blood-stains of Jerusalem Is 4:4; = slaughter, sg. Gn 37:26 (J) Je 48:10, Ez 5:17, 28:23 (‖דֶּבֶר) 38:22 (‖ id.); דַּם־עֲבָדָיו Dt 32:43 (song: cf. Ps 79:10); pl. דְּמֵי עֲבָדַי 2 K 9:7, 9:7; דְּמֵי יִזְרְעֶאל Ho 1:4; bloodshed at Jezreel; cf. דָּמִים בְּדָמִים נָגָ֑עוּ Ho 4:2; דְּמֵי מִלְחָמָה 1 K 2:5, 2:5; in Ez 9:9 וַתִּמָּלֵא הָאָרֶץ חָמָס (Baer) rd. דָּמִים for חָמָס v.d. H Vrss Co Comm.; אָרַב לְדָם lie in wait for blood Pr 1:11 cf. v:18, 12:6, Mi 7:2; דָּמִים of a plan of murder Is 33:15 (obj. of שׁמע); מִשְׁפַּט דָּמִים Ez 7:23 bloody crime; as symbol of oppression, violence Mi 3:10 (‖עַוְלָה), Hb 2:12 (‖ id.) g. דָּמִים = guilt of bloodshed, blood-guiltiness Ex 22:1, then more generally, mortal sin (RS:OTJC 417, 2nd ed. 441, cf. Ez 18:13) Ps 51:16 (cf. Ho 12:15); also בּוֹא בְדָמִים 1 S 25:26, 25:33. h. pl. also in pharses: חֲתַן דָּמִים bloody bridegroom Ex 4:25, 4:26; also those denoting character, chiefly poet., אִישׁ דָּמִים bloody man (sanguinary) 2 S 16:8, Ps 5:7 אִישׁ הַדָּמִים 2 S 16:7; אַנְשֵׁי דָּמִים, Ps 26:9, 55:24, 59:3, 139:19, Pr 29:10; ואל־בֵּית הַדָּמִים bloody house 2 S 21:1 but rd. with LXX We Dr ואל בֵּיתֹה דמים, & on his house is blood; עִיר דָּמִים Na 3:1; עִיר הַדָּמִים Ez 22:2, 24:6 + v:9 (del. B Co). i. דָּמָיו בּוֹ his blood is in (upon) him, he is responsible for his own death Lv 20:9 cf. v:11, v:12, v:13, v:16, v:27 (all H), Ez 18:13 ( + יִהְיֶה); דָּמוֹ בּוֹ Ez 33:5; דָּמוֹ בְּראֹשׁוֹ Jos 2:19, 2:19; so with שָׁבוּ 1 K 2:33, יִהְיֶה v:37, Ez 33:4; דָּֽמְ֯יךָ עַל ראֹשֶָׁךָ 2 S 1:16, and אֶת־דָּמוֹ עַל־ראֹשׁוֹ הֵשִׁיב י׳ 1 K 2:32; also לאֹ תָשִׂים דָּמִים בְּבֵיתְךָ Dt 22:8; and דָּמָם לָשׂוּם עַל אֲבִימֶלֶח Ju 9:24; (אל)נָתַן דָּם על Je 26:15, Jon 1:14; וְהָיָה עָלָיךָ דָּמִים Dt 19:10, v. 2 S 21:1 supr.; also sg. Ez 22:4 בְּדָמֵח אָשַׁמְתְּ, and as subj. of יֵחָשֵׁב לְ shall be imputed to Lv 17:4 (H); אֵין לוֹ דָמִים Ex 22:1 cf. v:2 (both JE) & (sg.) Nu 35:27 (P). j. of judicial process in case of bloodshed דָּבָר לַמִּשְׁפָּט בֵּין־דָּם לְדָם Dt 17:8 cf. 2 Ch 19:10; לאֹ תַּעֲמֹד עַל־דַּם רֵעֶָךָ Lv 19:16 (H). k. in phrase require blood at the hand of, exact vengeance (for it) from, דָּרַשׁ דָּמוֹ מִיַּד Ez 33:6, Gn 9:5; דָּמוֹ נִדְרָשׁ Gn 42:22 (E); abs. דֹּרשׁ דמים Ps 9:13; אֲבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־דָּמוֹ מִיֶּדְכֶם 2 S 4:11 cf. Ez 3:18, 3:20, 33:8; עַל־ פָּקַד ד׳ Ho 1:4; וְנִקֵּיתִי ד׳ Jo 4:21; Ez 35:6, 35:6, 35:6, 35:6; cf. on the other hand אַל־יִפֹּל דָּמִי אַרְחָה מִנֶּגֶד פְּנֵי י׳ 1 S 26:20 i.e. let it not de unavenged. 1. of blood as defiling a land Nu 35:33 (P) cf. Ps 106:38 (pl. בדמים); עֲקֻבָּה מִדָּם Ho 6:8 of a city foot-printed (VB) with blood; defiling hands Is 1:15, 59:3, La 4:14 cf. Ez 23:37, 23:45; further, of blood as oppressing one who has shed it עָשֻׁק בְּדַם נֶפֶשׁ Pr 28:l7. m. atonement for blood-guilt is expressed by וְנִכַּפֵּר לָהֶם הַדָּם Dt 21:8 (on form of vb. cf. Ges:§ 55, 9 & Di). n. blood (-shedding) as connected with divine wrath וְשָׁפַכְתִּ֫י חֲמָתִי עָלָיהָ בְּדָם Ez 14:19; דַּם חֵמָה וְקִנְאָה Ez 16:38; v. further אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם Dt 32:42, cf. Je 46:10; cf. also of human vengeance by divine help יִרְחַץ בְּדַם הָרָשָׁע Ps 58:11; תִּמֲחַץ רַגְלְךָ בְּדָם 68:24; note further Is 49:26, Ez 39:19 (in both fig. of being drunk with blood); then of simple human vengeance וְהוֹרַדְתָּ֫ אֶת־שֵׂיבָתוֹ בְּדָם שְׁאוֹל 1 K 2:9. o. of water turned into blood (sg.) in Egypt, by divine power Ex 4:9 (J) 7:17, 7:20 (JE) v:19, v:19, v:21 (P) Ps 78:44, 105:29; cf. Is 15:9 & Ez 32:6; further, of appearance of blood in sky Jo 3:3, & of colour of moon v:4; specifically of red colour of water אֲדֻמִּים כַּדָּם 2 K 3:22 cf. v:23.

3. blood used with religious significance, a. blood of passover-lamb Ex 12:7, 12:13, 12:13 (all P) v:22, v:22, v:23 (all JE); note also דַּם הַבְּרִית, i.e. blood by which covenant was ratified Ex 24:8 (JE) Zc 9:11. b. blood used in ritual, Lv 17:11 הַדָּם הוּא בַּנֶּפֶשׁ יְכַפֵּר (H); cf. 2 Ch 29:24; also Ez 44:7, 44:15 (both ‖חֵלָב); further Lv 1:5, Is 1:11, Ps 50:13; thrown on altar, vb. זָרַק usually c. עַל Ex 24:6 (JE) 29:16, 29:20, Lv 1:5, 1:11, 3:2, 3:8, 3:13, 7:2, 7:14, 8:19, 8:24, 9:12, 9:18 (all P) 17:6 (H) Nu 18:17 (P) Ez 43:18, 2 K 16:13, 16:15, 16:15, 2 Ch 29:22, 29:22, 29:22 cf. 30:16; sprinkled, vb. הִזָּה Lv 5:9, 16:19 (both P); sprinkled toward tent of meeting (vb. הִזָּה) Nu 19:4, 19:4 (P); brought into tent of meeting Lv 4:5, 4:16, 6:23 cf. 10:18 (all P); sprinkled toward the holy of holies (vb. הִזָּה) Lv 4:6, 4:6, 4:17, 16:14, 16:14 (all P); brought within the veil on day of atonement Lv 16:15, 16:15, 16:15 (cf. v:14) v:27 (all P); thrown on people Ex 24:8 (JE; זָרַק); sprinkled on priests (הִזָּה) Ex 29:21, Lv 8:30 (both P); on garment (in sanctuary, הִזָּה) Lv 6:20 (P); applied with finger to horns of altar Ex 29:12, Lv 4:7, 4:18, 4:25, 4:30, 4:34, 8:15, 9:9, 9:9, 9:9, 16:18, 16:18 (all P; also Ez 45:19) Ez 43:20; applied to tip of right ear of priest Ex 29:20, Lv 8:23, 8:24 (all P; also Lv 14:14, 14:25 P); poured out at base of altar (שָׁפַח אֶל־) Ex 29:12, Lv 4:7, 4:18, 4:25, 4:30, 4:34 (all P); cf. with מָחָה (Niph.) Lv 1:15, 5:9; with יָחַק 8:15 (all P); half of blood put in basons Ex 24:6 (JE); blood poured out on altar Dt 12:27, 12:27; blood of red heifer burned Nu 19:5 (P); vid. further such terms as דַּם זִבְחִי Ex 23:18, 34:25 (both JE) (cf. Dt 12:27, 2 K 16:15); דַּם הַשְּׁלָמִים Lv 7:33 (P; cf. v:14); דַּם חַטָּאת הַכִּפֻּרִים Ex 30:10 (P) cf. Ez 45:19; דַּם הָאָשָׁם Lv 14:14, 14:17, 14:25, 14:28; (v. זֶבַח, שֶׁלֶם, חַטָּאת, אָשָׁם); דַּם־חֲזִיר, swine's blood, as heathen offering Is 66:3; cf. נִסְכֵּיהֶם מִדָּם Ps 16:4 (v. Che).

4. fig. of wine דַּם־עֲנָבִים Gn 49:11 (blessing of Jacob ‖יַיִן); cf. Dt 32:14 (song) דַּם עֵנָב תִּשְׁתֶּה־חָָמֶר.—בְּדָֽמְךָ Ez 19:10 prob. text. error cf. VB; Da prop: בְּרוּמָהּ in her height.

† I. דָּמָה vb. be like, resemble (NH id., Aram. דְּמֵי, דְּמָא, ܕܡܳܐ; cf. דמין, ܕܡܰܝܳܐ price, Nab. דמי id. (Nö in Eut:Nab. Inscr. p. 35); also ܕܡܽܘܬܳܐ, and ܕܽܘܡܝܳܐ likeness (whence Ar. دُمْيَةُ image, effigy, as loan-wd. Frä:272) cf. דְּמוּת)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. ד׳ Ez 31:8, Ps 144:4; 3 fs. דָּֽמְתָה Ct 7:8; 2 ms. דָּמִיתָ Ez 31:2, 31:18; 1 s. דָּמִיתִי Ps 102:7; 3 pl. דָּמוּ Ez 31:8; 1 pl. דָּמִינוּ Is 1:9; Impf. 3 ms. יִדְמֶה Ps 89:7; 1 pl. וְנִדְמֶה consec. Is 46:5; Imv. ms. דְּמֵה Ct 2:17, 8:14; Pt. דּוֹמֶה Ct 2:9; —be like, resemble, of external appearance, sq. לְ, Ct 7:8, 2:9, 2:17, 8:14; sq. אֶל־ Ez 31:8, 31:8, 31:18 (all of tree, fig. of Pharaoh); of condition or quality sq. לְ Is 1:9, Ps 102:7, 144:4; so יִדְמֶה ליהוה…מִי Ps 89:7; also abs. Is 46:5; sq. אֶל Ez 31:2. Pi. Pf. דִּמָּה 2 S 21:5, דִּמִּיתָ Ps 50:21; דִּמִּיתִי Nu 33:56, Is 14:24; sf. דִּמִּיתִיךָ Ct 1:9, דִּמּוּ 2 S 21:5; Impf. יְדַמֶּה Is 10:7; 2 fs. תְּדַמִּי Est 4:13 (juss.); אֲדַמֶּה La 2:13, Ho 12:11; 2 mpl. תְּדַמְּיוּן Is 40:18; sf. תְּדַמְּיוּנִי Is 40:25, 46:5; —liken, compare; imagine, think, devise;—

1. liken, i.e. consider to be like, compare, causat. of Qal sq. לְ of external appearance Ct 1:9; of quality or condition Is 46:5 (obj. י׳) La 2:13; sq. אֶל of external appearance Is 40:18, 40:25 (both obj. God in ref. to idols); abs. use comparisons or similitudes (parables, symbols, etc.) Ho 12:11 (subj. י׳).

2. imagine, form an idea, devise 2 S 21:5 (on context cf. Dr); think, intend, sq. Inf. Nu 33:56 (J or H) Ju 20:5, Est 4:13; abs. Is 10:7 cf. 14:24; think that, sq. obj. cl. (Impf. without conj.) Ps 50:21; think of, sq. acc. Ps 48:10. Hithp. make oneself or become like; Impf. אֶדַּמֶּה לְעֶלְיוֹן Is 14:14 I will make myself like the Most High (on form cf. Ges:§ 54. 2).

† דְּמוּת n.f. likeness, similitude (mostly late) (acc. to Lag:BN 12. 147 ff. mispunct. for דִּמְוַת fr. דִּמְוָה; acc. to We:Prol. 413. Eng. Tr. 389 an Aram. Loan-word, but v. Di Gn 5:l, Dr:JPh xi. 216 Che:OP. 474)—abs. ד׳ Is 40:18 + 3 t.; cstr. ד׳ Gn 5:1 + 16 t.; sf. דְּמוּתוֹ Gn 5:3; דְּמוּתֵנוּ 1:26; —

1. likeness, similitude, of external appearance, chiefly in Ezek.: Ez 1:5 (likeness, i.e. something that appeared like) so v:26, 8:2 (אֵשׁ)דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה (cf. Co), 10:1 כִּסֵּא כְּמַרְאֵה ד׳; cf. also Dn 10:16 כִּדְמוּת בְּנֵי אָדָם i.e. one like the sons of man; similitude, resemblance Ez 1:5, 1:10, 1:16, 1:22, 1:26, 10:10, 10:21, 10:22; דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם 1:26; מַרְאֵה ד׳ כְּבוֹד י׳ v:28; also 2 K 16:10 (pattern of altar), 2 Ch 4:3 (images of oxen); of son in likeness of father Gn 5:3 (P); so also of man in likeness of God Gn 1:26 (‖חֶלֶם) 5:1 (both P); cf. Is 40:18 what ד׳ will ye compare to him (אֵל) ? ‖דִּמָּה q.v.

2. adverbially, in likeness of, like as Is 13:4 cf. Ez 23:15 & כִּד׳ Ps 58:5.—Ez 1:13 rd. וּבֵינוֹת, v. בֵּין and J P Peters:JBL 1892 40. 42. On דְּמוּת אֶחָד Ez 1:16, 10:10 (apparently masc.) cf. Thes & Sm who trans. the likeness of one had they all four; Co rds. אחת.

† [דִּמְיֹן] n.[m.] likeness, דִּמְיֹנוֹ כְּאַרְיֵה Ps 17:12 his likeness is as a lion, i.e. he is like a lion.

† II. [דָּמָה] vb. cease, cause to cease, cut off, destroy—Qal Perf. 1 s. דָּמִיתִי Je 6:2, וְדָמִ֫יתִי consec. Ho 4:5; Impf. 3 fs. תִּדְמֶה La 3:49; 3 fpl. juss. תִּדְמֶינָה Je 14:17; —

1. intr. cease Je 14:17 (eyes from weeping) La 3:49 (id.)

2. cause to cease, cut off, destroy, c. acc. Israel (under fig. of בת־חיון) Je 6:2; (under fig. of אִמֶָּךָ) Ho 4:5. Niph. Pf. נִדְמָה Is 15:1, 15:1 +; 3 fs. נִדְמְתָה Je 47:15; 2 ms. נִדְמֵיתָה Ob:5, נִדְמֵיתָ Ez 32:2; 1 s. נִדְמֵיתִי Is 6:5; 3 pl. נִדְמוּ Ho 4:6 +; Inf. abs. נִדְמֹה Ho 10:15; Pt. נִדְמֶה Ho 10:7; be cut off, destroyed, ruined, of a city Is 15:1, 15:1 (‖שֻׁדַּד) Je 47:5; of people Ho 4:6, Zp 1:11, Ob:5; of king Ho 10:7, 10:15, 10:15 cf. Ez 32:2; of beasts Ps 49:13, 49:21; be ruined, undone, prophet at sight of Yahweh Is 6:5.

† דֳּמִי n.[m.] cessation, pause, quiet, rest; ד׳ Is 62:6 + 2 t.; cstr. דְּמִי Is 38:10 (but v. infr.);—

1. quiet, in phr. לָכֶם אַל־ד׳ Is 62:6 keep not quiet (let there be no quiet to you); in prayer to God לָח אַל־ד׳ Ps 83:2 keep not quiet (inactive; ‖חרשׂ, שׁקט); cf. לוֹ וְאַל־תִּתְּנוּ ד׳ Is 62:7 and give no rest to him (י׳).

2. in phr. בִּדְמִי יָמַי, appar. quiet, peacefulness, even tenour, of my days (so De Or SS); others, as Hi Ew Che Di, pause, resting-time, i.e. noon-day (cf. SyrVer Vulgate, & height LXX), fig. of middle life, but usage dub.; Klo:SK 1884, 157 cessation, pause, of natural end of life, Hezekiah's natural expectation, in, contrast with the speedy death implied in v:b; but parallelism of v:11a is ag. this; Brd emends בְּרֻם after LXX; Klo:l. c. suggests בְּתֹם or כְּתֹם as poss., though not necessary;—but view stated first is on the whole best.

† I. [דָּמַם] vb. be or grow dumb, silent, still (NH id.; Eth. in II. 0admama: stupefy; III., 1 & 2 tadama: tadamama: be astounded, stupefied)—Qal Pf. דַּ֫מּוּ Jb 30:27, דָָּמּוּ Ps 35:15; Impf. יִדֹּם Am 5:13 + 2 t., וַיִּדֹּם Lv 10:3, Jos 10:13; 3 fs. תִּדֹּם La 2:18; 2 fs. תִּדֹּמִּי Je 48:2 (so Ki Ol & Kö:327 q.v.; others Niph.); וָאֶדֹּם Jb 31:34: יִדְּמוּ Ex 15:16 + 3 t.; 1 pl. cohort. נִדְּמָה Je 8:14 (so Thes Ol Bö Kö:327 q. v.; others Niph.);—

1. be silent Ps 4:5, 30:13, 35:15 (prob., cf. De Che), Ez 24:17, Lv 10:3 (P) Am 5:13; in grief La 2:10, 3:28.

2. be still (opp. to both speech and motion) Jb 31:34; = perish Je 8:14, 48:2, Ps 31:18 (לשׁאול ד׳); c. לְ be silent to i.e. be resigned to Ps 37:7, 62:6, sq. לְמוֹ עֲחָתִי Jb 29:21 (‖לִי שָֽׁמְעוּ); be still, motionless, stand still Jos 10:12, 10:13 (of sun ‖עמד); 1 S 14:9 (men); Je 47:6 (of sword ‖הֵרָֽגְעִי); so also of bowels, as seat of mental excitement Jb 30:27; La 2:18 אַל־תִּדֹּם בַּת־עֵינֵח, i.e. cease not to weep (‖הוֹרִידִי כַנַּחַל דִּמְעָה).

3. be struck dumb, astounded, in amazement and fear Ex 15:16 (כאבן) Is 23:2 (but cf. II. דמם). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. וְנָדַמּוּ consec. Je 25:37; Impf. יִדַּמּוּ Je 49:26, 50:30, יִדָָּמּוּ 1 S 2:9; 2 mpl. תִּדַּמּוּ Je 51:6—be made silent, i.e. destroyed; the wicked 1 S 2:9 (בַּחשֶׁח), cf. Je 51:6; men of war Je 49:25, 50:30; dwellings Je 25:37. Po. Pf. 1 s. שִׁוִּיתִי וְדוֹמַ֫מְתִּי נַפְשִׁי Ps 131:2 ‘composed and quieted my soul’ Che (as a weaned child). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֲדִמָּנוּ he (God) hath silenced us ( = caused to perish) Je 8:14.

† דְּמָמָה n.f. (silence) whisper (on format. cf. Ba:NB 87)—וְאַחַר הָאֵשׁ קוֹל דְּמָמָה דַקָָּה 1 K 19:12; דְּמָמָה זָקוֹל אֶשְׁמָָע Jb 4:16 a whisper and a voice, i.e. an articulate whisper (cf. Di); יָקֵם סְעָרָה לִדְמָמָָה Ps 107:29 he settleth storm into whisper.

† דֻּמָּה n.f. one silenced, brought to silence (?; destroyed?) מִי כְחוֹר כְּדֻמָּה בְּתוֹח הַיָּ֑ם Ez 27:32 (form pecul. & sense dub.: Baer כְּדֻמַָה; Co כְּבֻדָּה fr. כָּבֹד adj., cf. 23:41, Ps 45:14) AV What city is like Tyrus, like the destroyed (as though for מְדֻמָּה cf. ההללה 26:1; but Pi. Pu. not elsewh.) in the midst of the sea? RV like her that is brought to silence.—Dl:Baer Ezech p.xi. & Pr 64 der., hesitantly, fr. II. דמם.

† II. [דָּמַם] vb. wait (?; cf. As. damâmu, groan, wail, lament, Dl:Baer's Ezech xi; pr 64)—only Qal Imv. דֹּ֫מּוּ ישְׁבֵי אִי Is 23:2 wail, ye coast dwellers (cf. Dl:l. c.), ‖הֵילִילוּ v:1, & הֵילִילוּ ישְׁבֵי אִי v:6; most, however, assign this to I. דמם q. v. (3).

דמן (√ of foll., mng. dub.; Ar. دَمَنَ, prepare, improve, manure land, appar. denom.)

† דֹּ֫מֶן n.m. dung (Ar. دِمْنُ) always in this form and always of corpses, lying on ground as offal 2 K 9:37, Je 8:2, 9:21, 16:4, 25:33, Ps 83:11.

† דִּמְנָה n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Zebulun Jos 21:35 (but rd. perh. רִמֹּנָה +; cf. I Ch 6:62, Jos 19:13, and v. Di).

† מַדְמֵן n.pr.loc. in Moab Je 48:2 (on text, however, cf. Che Is 25:10).

† I. מַדְמֵנָה n.f. dung-place, dung-pit, במי מ׳ Is 25:10 (Qr בְּמוֹ מ׳).

† II. מַדְמֵנָה n.pr.loc. in Benjamin, N. of Jerusalem Is 10:31.

† מַדְמַנָּה

1. n.pr.loc. city of southern Judah Jos 15:31; loc. dub., Onom. Μηδεβηνα = Μηνοεις near Gaza Lag:Onom. 279, 2nd ed. 276; cf. Minyay S. of Gaza Rob:BR i. 602; on other proposed identif. cf. Di.

2. n.pr.m. descendant of Caleb 1 Ch 2:49.

† [דָּמַע] vb. weep (NH id., Ar. دَمَعَ & دَمِعَ; Aram. דְּמַע, ܕܡܰܥ: As. in deriv., v. infr.), Qal Impf. 3 fs., and Inf. abs., וְדָמֹעַ תִּדְמַע וְתֵרֵד עֵינִי דִּמְעָה Je 13:17.

† [דֶּ֫מַע] n.[m.] (weeping, trickling) juice, i.e. wine or (&) oil (cf. foll.) דִּמְעֲךָ Ex 22:28 (‖מְלֵאָֽתְךָ), cf. Di; Ar. دَمْعَةُ الْكَرمِ = wine.

† דִּמְעָה n.f. coll. tears (chiefly poet. and late; freq. in Je. and contemp.) (Ar. دَمْعُ; As. dimu, dimtu Hpt:KAT 2 Gloss i. Zim:BP 23, 95; Aram. דִּמְעָא, ܕܶܡܥܳܐ; NH דֶּמַע, דִּמְעָה)—abs. ד׳ Ps 80:6 + 10 t.; cstr. דִּמְעַת Ec 4:l; sf. דִּמְעָתִי Ps 6:7 + 4 t.; דִּמְעָתֶָךָ 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 + Ez 24:16 (del. LXX Co); דִּמְעָתָהּ La 1:2; pl. דְּמָעוֹת Ps 80:6, La 2:11—tears Ps 6:7, Ec 4:1, La 1:2, 2:11; esp. in Je. in phrase תֵּרֵד עֵינִי ד׳ etc. Je 9:17, 13:17, 14:17, cf. La 2:18; Je 8:23 וְעֵינִי מְקוֹר ד׳; אֲרַיָּ֫וֶךְ דִּמְעָתִי of weeping over, in behalf of one Is 16:9; as appealing to God's compassion 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 Ps 39:13; Ps 56:9 שִׂימָה ד׳ בְּנאֹדֶָךָ (cf. Che); v. also Ps 116:8, Je 31:16, Is 25:8; opp. רִנָּה Ps 126:5; of hypocritical tears Mal 2:13; fig. tears as food Ps 42:4 (דִּמְעָתִי לחם); לחם ד׳ 80:6; as drink 80:6, cf. Babyl. dimtu maštîtî, tears (were) my drink (Zim:BP 42; ‖ bikîtum kurmatî, weeping (was) my sustenance).—Ez 24:16 וְלאֹ תָבוֹא דִּמְעָתֶָךָ del. LXX Co cf. v:23.

† דַּמֶּ֫שֶׂק n.pr.loc. Damascus (As. Dimasûḳi, Dimasḳi, Dl:Pa 280 Schr:COT Gn 15:2 & ABK 323 Jäger:BAS ii. 281 f. Ar. دَمِشْقُ, دِمِشْقُ; Aram. Targum Onk, etc. דמשק, Ps-Jon דרמשק; ܕܰܪܡܣܽܽܩ)—דַּמֶּשֶׂק 1 K 11:24 + 28 t.; דַּמָָּשֶׂק Gn 14:15 + 8 t.; דַּרְמֶשֶׂק 1 Ch 18:5 + 3 t. ch; דַּרְמָָשֶׂק 2 Ch 24:23, 28:5; דּוּמֶּשֶׂק 2 K 16:10; דְּמֶשֶׁק Am 3:12 v. foll., Vrss. דַּמֶּשֶׂק;—ancient Aramaean city, situated lat. 33 deg. 30 min. N., long. 36 deg. 15 min. E., in plain E. of Hermon & SE. of Anti-Lebanon; on the Nahr Baradâ (Gk. Chrysorrhoas); mod. Dimishḳ & Esh-Sham, Rob:BR iii. 440 ff. Bd:Pal 307; Damascus Gn 14:15, Am 5:27, 1 K 11:24, 11:24, 2 K 14:28, Ct 7:5; so also prob. Gn 15:2 (perh. gloss cf. Di), (Am 3:12 v. foll.); a trading-centre Ez 27:18; as capital & residence of king of Aram 1 K 15:18 = 2 Ch 16:2, cf. 1 K 20:34, 2 K 16:9, 16:10, 16:10, 16:11, 16:11, 16:12, 2 Ch 28:5, Is 7:8, 7:8, 8:4, 10:9 (cf. Peters:Hbr. April 1885, 242) 17:1, 17:1, 17:3, Je 49:23, 49:24, 49:27; including also surrounding territory Ez 47:16, 47:17 cf. v:18, 48:1, v. מִדְבַּ֫רָה ד׳ 1 K 19:15; נַהֲרוֹת ד׳ 2 K 5:12; = kingdom Am 1:3, 1:5 cf. Zc 9:1; once (late) מֶלֶח ד׳ 2 Ch 24:23; note also אֲרַם ד׳ 2 S 8:5, 8:6 = 1 Ch 18:5, 18:6; further אֱלֽהֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 28:23 (‖אֱלֽהֵי מַלְכֵי אֲרָם).

† דְּמֶשֶׁק n.[m.] ? Am 3:12 עָָרֶשׂ וּבִד׳; punct. & mng. dub.: all ancient Vrss דַּמֶּשֶׂק, and so Pusey Hoffm:ZAW iii. 102 (‘ in Damascus on a couch ’) al., yet this hardly suitable in context; Thes Hi Ew Baur Ke Gunning RV al. follow MT, & render damask, silk, etc. (Ar. دِمَقْشُ, connex. with city דַּמֶּשֶׂק (Ar. دِمَشْقُ) disputed; acc. to Frä:40. 288 Ar. دِمَقْشُ is by metath. from مِقْدَشُ, & this a loan-word from Syr. ܡܝܛܟܣܐ, & this from Gk. μέταξα (Old Lat. metaxa)).

דָּן v. sub דין. p. 192

דָּנִאֵל v. sub דין. p. 193

דנג (√ of foll., mng. unknown).

† דּוֹנַג n.m. wax, דּוֹנַג Mi 1:4 + 2 t.; דּוֹנָג֑ Ps 22:15—always in simile, of melting; at theophany hills melt like wax Ps 97:5; like wax before fire Mi 1:4; wicked perish as wax melteth before fire Ps 68:3; heart melteth like wax Ps 22:15 (simile of fear, despair). On ד׳ in Ps 118:12 cf. Bae Che:crit. n.

† דַּנָּה n.pr.loc. a city of Judah ‘ in the hill country, ’ named just before Ḳiryath Sanna = Debîr (= Ḳ. Sepher), Jos 15:49 LXX ̔Πεννα.

† דִּנְהָָבָה n.pr.loc. capital city of king Bela in Edom Gn 36:32 = 1 Ch 1:43; identif. with Tennib (perh. = Thenib, near the edge of the Belka, ENE. from Heshbon, described by Tristr:Moab 222) by Neubauer:Acad. 1891, 260 cf. Tomkins:ib. 284.

דָּנִיֵּאל v. דָּנִאֵל sub דין. p. 193

דֵּעַ, דֵּעָה v. sub ידע. p. 395

דְּעוּאֵל (רְעוּאֵל) v. sub ידע, רעה. p. 396, 944 ff

† [דָּעַךְ] vb. go out, be extinguished (poet. & esp. Wisd. lit.) (Aram. דְּעִיח, ܕܥܶܟ)—Qal Pf. 3 mpl. דָּֽעֲכוּ Is 43:17; Impf. יִדְעַח Pr 20:20, יִדְעָָח Jb 18:5 + 4 t.;—go out, be extinguished, of lamp, always fig., lamp of wicked (i.e. prosperity) אוֹר רְשָׁעִים Jb 18:5, נֵר ר׳ Jb 18:6, 21:17, Pr 13:9, 20:20, 24:20; of hostile armies Is 43:17 (‖כָּב֫וּ). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִדְעֲכוּ be made extinct, dried up, Jb 6:17 (of brooks). Pu. Pf. 3 pl. דֹּעֲכוּ of assailants, be extinguished, quenched, כְּאֵשׁ קוֹחִים Ps 118:12; but rd. perh. בערו with LXX Bae & Che, v. Che:crit. n.

דַּעַת v. sub ידע. p. 395

דפה (√ of foll., mng. unknown; NH דּוֹפִי is blemish, fault).

† [דֳּפִי] n.[m.] blemish, fault בְּבֶן־אִמְּךָ :תִּתֶּן־דֹּֽפִי Ps 50:20 against thy mother's son thou dost allege a fault (‖בְּאָחִיךָ תְדַבֵָּר).

† [דָּפַק] vb. beat, knock (Ar. دَفَقَ pour out, also drive (beasts))—Qal Perf. 3 mpl. sf. וּדְפָקוּם consec. Gn 33:13, but rd. 1 s. sf. וּדְפַקְתִּים LXX SyrVer Sam Di beat (in driving, drive severely or cruelly); Pt. דּוֹפֵק Ct 5:2 abs. knocking (at door). Hithp. Pt. מִתְדַּפְּקִים עַל־הַדָָּלֶת Ju 19:22 beat violently (beat themselves tired) against the door.

† דָּפְקָה n.pr.loc. first station of Isr. after מדבר סין Nu 33:12, 33:13 LXX ̔Παφακα; situation unknown, cf. views in Di. (On an interpret. of name from a stone or metal Mafkat, Ta-Mafkat = Mafkat- district, v. Eb:GS 148 f. 552 ff.)

דַּק, דֹּק v. sub דקק. p. 201

דקל (√ of foll. cf. دَقَلَ a kind of palm; NH דֶּקֶל, date-tree, palm, Aram. דִּיקְלָא, ܕܶܩܠܳܐ).

† דִּקְלָה n.pr.m.(loc.) a son of Joktan, i.e. an Arabian territory or people Gn 10:27 = 1 Ch 1:21; unknown, cf. Di Gn 10:27.

† [דָּקַק] vb. crush, pulverise, thresh; be fine (Ar. دَقَّ be or become thin, minute; Eth. daqaqa: As. daḳâḳu Pa. break in pieces COT:Gloss; Ph. דק id., Aram. דַּקֵּק Pa. id., ܕܰܩ)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. דַּק Dt 9:21, דָָּק Ex 32:20; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְדֻקֶָּנּוּ Is 28:28; 2 ms. תָּדֹק Is 41:15; —

1. crush (trans.) sq. acc. לֶחֶם bread-stuff, corn Is 28:28; of threshing ‖דּוּשׁ Is 41:15 (fig. of pulverizing mts.)

2. only Pf.; be fine, of state to wh. Moses reduced the golden calf by grinding וַיִּטְחַן עַד אֲשֶׁר־דָּקָ Ex 32:20; וָאֶכֹּת אֹתוֹ טָחוֹן הֵיטֵב עַד אֲשֶׁר־דַּק לְעָפָר Dt 9:21. Hiph. Pf. הֵדַק 2 K 23:15, 2 Ch 34:4; 2 fs. וַהֲדִקּוֹתְ consec. Mi 4:13; Impf. וַיָּ֫דֶק 2 K 23:6, 2 Ch 15:16; 1 s. sf. אֲדִקֵּם 2 S 22:43 (but אֲרִיקֵם ‖ Ps 18:43); Inf. abs. הָדֵק Ex 30:36; cstr. לְהֵדַק 2 Ch 34:7 (form anomalous cf. Ew:§ 238 d O1:§ 258 b Be; rd. perh. לְהָדֵק Ki; or לָדַק [v. כַּדַּק Is 40:15] cf. Öt);—make dust of, pulverize וַיָּ֫דֶק לְעָפָר 2 K 23:6 (i.e. the Ashera), ‖ 2 Ch 34:4, 34:7 (כִּתַּת לְהֵדַק); so of the bamah הֵדַק לְעָפָר 2 K 23:15; of the מִפְלֶחֶת 2 Ch 15:16; fig. Mi 4:13 (obj. עַמִּים רַבִּים); Ex 30:36 (P) has וְשָׁחַקְתָּ֫ מִמֶּנָּה הָדֵק and thou shalt beat some of it fine (i.e. the incense); 2 S 22:43 rd. אֲרִיקֵם (‖ Ps 18:43) for אֲדִקֵּם. Hoph. Impf. יוּדָָק Is 28:28 be crushed, subj. לֶחֶם bread corn (cf. supr. Qal);—on sense cf. Che Di.

† דַּק adj. thin, small, fine—abs. m. דּ׳ Ex 16:14 + 4 t.; דָָּק Lv 13:30; f. דַּקָּה Lv 16:12, 1 K 19:12; pl. f. abs. דַּקּוֹת Gn 41:6 + 2 t.; דַּקֹּת 41:24; cstr. דַּקּוֹת 41:3, דַּקֹּת v:4; —

1. thin, of kine בָּשָׂר דּ׳ Gn 41:3 cf. v:4 (Sam has in both רַקּוֹת cf. MT v:19, v:20, v:27); of ears of corn v:6, v:7, v:23, v:24 (all E); thin, shrunk, withered, of man Lv 21:20 (H).