Aramaic שׁ

שְׁאֵל vb. ask (v. BH);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Dn 2:10; pl. שְׁאֵ֫לְנָא Ezr 5:9, 10; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִשְׁאֲלֶנְכוֹן Ezr 7:21; Pt. act. שָׁאֵל Dn 2:11, 27;— 1. ask for, request, acc. rei Dn 2:10 (ל pers.), v 11, 27 Ezr 7:21 (sf. pers.). 2. inquire about, for, acc. rei Ezr 5:9 (ל pers.); sq. orat. rect. v 10 (id.).

† [שְׁאֵלָה] n.f. affair (weakened from question, inquiry, cf. Dr);—emph. שְׁאֵלְתָּא Dn 4:14.

† שְׁאָר n.m. ^{Ezr 7:20} rest, remainder (v. BH I. שׁאר; Egyptian Aramaic n. שאר Cooke²⁰³, vb. ישתאר be left (outstanding) Cooke⁴⁰⁴ = S-C^{L 9}, Chr-Pal. ܫܐܪ );—שׁ׳ abs. Ezr 4:10 +, cstr. v 9 +; emph. שְׁאָרָא Dn 7:7, 19;—of a thing, remainder Ezr 7:18, 20; of cities 4:10, 17, of persons v 9, 10, 17; 6:16 Dn 2:18, of beasts 7:7, 12, 19.

† שׁבב (√ of foll.; cf. BH II. שׁבב).

[שְׁבִיב] n.[m.] flame;—emph. שְׁבִיבָא דִּי נוּרָא Dn 3:22; pl. abs. שְׁבִבִין דִּי נוּר 7:9.

† [שְׁבַח] vb.

Pa. laud, praise (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH II. שׁבח (Aramaism));—Pf. 2 ms. שַׁבַּ֑הְתָּ Dn 5:23, 1 s. שַׁבְּחֵת 4:31, 3 mpl. שַׁבַּ֫חוּ 5:4; Pt. act. מְשַׁבַּח 2:23; 4:34;—praise, c. ל dei Dn 2:23; 4:31, 34; ל of idols 5:4, 23.

† [שְׁבַט] n.m. tribe (BH שֵׁבֶט, √ שׁבט);—pl. cstr. שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezr 6:17.

† [שְׁבַע] only שִׁבְעָה n.f. seven (BH I. שֶׁבַע);—abs. שׁ׳ bef. n.m. pl. Dn 4:13, 20, 22, 29; cstr. שִׁבְעַת bef. n.m. pl. Ezr 7:14; חַד שִׁבְעָה עַל־דִּי Dn 3:19 seven times above what (more than), v. חַד, √ אחד.

† [שְׁבַק] vb. leave, let alone (𝔗 שְׁבַק, Syriac ܫܒܰܩ; cf. BH, p. 990);—

Pe. Inf. לְמִשְׁבַּק Dn 4:23 leave roots, so Imv. mpl. שְׁבֻ֫קוּ v 12, 20 (both c. ב loc.); Ezr 6:7 let alone, c. ל acc. rei.

Hithpe. Impf. 3 fs. תִּשְׁתִּבִק Dn 2:44 be left (of kingdom, + ל gent.).

† [שְׁבַשׁ] vb.

Hithp. be perplexed (𝔗 id., entangle, beguile, NH שָׁבַשׁ confuse, dis-arrange; cf. Assyrian šabâšu, turn, about; Syriac ܫܰܒܶܫ flatter, allure, Schulth^{Hom. Wurz. 90}; so Mand. Pa. שב֘ש Nö^{M 49}; cf. Arabic شَوَّشَ (as loan-word Nö^l.c.) confuse);—Pt. pl. מִשְׁתַּבְּשִׁין Dn 5:9.

† [שֵׁגָל] n.f. (royal) consort (cf. BH id.; √ unknown Hpt^{Gu Ezr-Ne, p. 66} conj. Assyrian šigrêti, harem-women);—pl. sf. שֵֽׁגְלָתָךְ Dn 5:23, שֵֽׁגְלָתֵהּ v 2, 3.

† [שְׁדַר] vb.

Hithpa. struggle, strive (𝔗 id. Pa. wrestle, Ithpa. be recalcitrant, also שְׁדַל Ithpa. strive, and so NH שָׁדַל (ל for ר), Syriac ܫܕܰܠ beguile, especially Pa., v. Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 735});—Pt. מִשְׁתַּדַּר Dn 6:15 he was striving, sq. Inf.

‡ † אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר n.m. revolt;—abs. Ezr 4:15, 19.

שַׁדְרַךְ₁₃ n.pr.m. (cf. BH id.);—Dn 2:49; 3:12 + 11 times 3.

שׁדת (√ of foll.; BH שׁדשׁ, שֵׁשׁ).

† שֵׁת, שִׁ֑ת n.m. six;—abs. שִׁ֑ת after n.f. Dn 3:1; שְׁנָת־שֵׁת Ezr 6:15 year six = sixth year.

† שִׁתִּין n. indecl. sixty;—אַמִּין שׁ׳ Ezr 6:3^(×2); Dn 3:1; שְׁנִין שׁ׳ וְתַרְתֵּין 6:1.

† I. [שְׁוָה] vb. become like (BH I. שָׁוָה);—

Pa. Pf. 3 mpl. שַׁוִּיו Qr (v. וְ foll.; >Peʿîl שְׁוִי Kt, v. K^{§ 47 Beisp. 3, and p. 175}) Dn 5:21, acc. rei, c. עִם.

† II. [שְׁוָה] vb.

Hithpa. be set, made (Pa. שַׁוִּי make, Cappadoc. Aramaic Lzb^{Eph. i. 67}; cf. BH II. [שָׁוָה]);—Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁתַּוִּ֑ה Dn 3:29, subj. rei + acc. be made into something (K^{§ 84, 3}).

שׁוק (√ of following; BH I. שׁוק, שׁוֹק).

† [שָׁק] n. [m.] lower leg;—pl. sf. שָׁקוֹ֫הִי Dn 2:33.

† [שׁוּר] n.m. wall (cf. BH ii. שׁוּר id.; Egyptian Aramaic שור RÉS^{361 A 5, B 1});—pl. emph. שׁוּרַיָּה Ezr 4:16, א—ָ v 13; v 12 read שׁוּרַיָּא שׁ׳ Qr, for שׁורי אשׁ׳ Kt.

שׁוּשַׁנְכָיֵא n. pr. gent. pl. the Susians, people of Susa Ezr 4:9, v. דהוא (Dl^{Pa 327}; sg. [שׁוּשַׁנָךְ] according to Scheft⁹², = OP šušana-ka, from Susa, so (as altern.) Andr^{M 85}; cf. (on Elam. god Šušinak) Weissbach^{Anzanische Inschr. 136} Jen^{VOJ vi. 54} Zim^{KAT 3, 485}, and (on Šušunḳa in Elam. inscr., appar. n.pr.terr.) v. Weissb^l.c. Jen^{ZMG lv (1901), 229}).

† [שְׁחַת] vb. corrupt (𝔗^J (once), Syriac ܫܰܚܶܛ; BH[שָׁחַת]);—

Pe. Pt. pass. fs. שְׁחִיתָה Dn 2:9 corrupt word; as n. = fault 6:5^(×2) (cf. 𝔗 ψ 17:3 Ru 4:22).

† שֵׁיזִב vb. deliver (prob. Shaph. as loan-word from Assyrian šûzub(u), ušêzib, deliver, √ ezêbu (א₄ = עזב), Dl^{Pr 140} Hpt^{GGN 1883, 91; BAS i. 13} K^{§ 43, 1, Anm.}; 𝔗 שֵׁיזֵב, Syriac ܫܰܘܙܶܒ, Chr-Pal. ܫܘܙܒ Schulth^{Lex. 203}, also Nab. שיזב Cooke ²⁵⁵; cf. n.pr. מְשֵׁיזַבְאֵל BH; Old Aramaic צלמשזב SAC ¹⁰²; v. also foll. art.);—Pf. 3 ms. שֵׁיזִב Dn 3:28; 6:28; Impf. 3 ms. יְשֵׁיזִ֑ב 3:17; sf. יְשֵׁיזְבִנָּךְ 6:17, נְכוֹן—ִ 3:15; Inf. sf. לְשֵׁיזָבוּתָךְ 6:21, -תֵהּ v 15, -תַ֑נָא 3:17;—deliver (usually c. מִן): Dn 3:17b, ל acc. pers. v 28; 6:28b, sf. pers. 3:15, 17a; 6:15, 17, 21, abs. v 28 a. Ptcp. מְשֵׁיזִב 6:28.

† שׁיציא Kt, שֵׁיצִי Qr vb. bring out (to an end), finish (prob. Shaph. as loan-word from Assyrian šû-ṣû, û-še-ṣû, bring out, √ aṣû (וצא, BH יצא, = Aramaic יְעָא, cf. Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019}), Dl ^l.c. Hpt ^l.c. K ^l.c.; 𝔗 שֵׁיצִי complete, put an end to, also come to an end, pass. be finished, Chr-Pal. ܫܝܨܝ Schulth^{Lex. 205});—finish temple: Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Ezr 6:15, but read prob. 3 mpl. שֵׁיצִיו K^{§ 43, 1 ad fin.} Berthol Gu ^Hpt (so 𝔊 𝔙); > Pf. pass. Be-Ry

שׁכב (√ of foll.; BH שָׁכַב, מִשְׁכָּב).

† [מִשְׁכַּב] n.[m.] couch, bed;—sf. מִשְׁכְּבִי Dn 4:2, 7, 10; ךְ—ָ 2:28, 29; הּ—ֵ 7:1.

† [שְׁכַח] vb.

Haph. (K^{§ 40, 4} Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019}) find (𝔗 שְׁכַח find, Syriac ܐܶܫܟܰܚ, Chr-Pal. ܫܟܚ Schulth^{Lex. 205}; Egyptian Aramaic השכח S-C^{E 5}, pass. אשתכה RÉS ^{361 A 2}):—Pf. 1 s. הַשְׁכַּ֫חַת Dn 2:25; 3 mpl. הַשְׁכַּ֫חוּ Ezr 4:19 Dn 6:12; Impf. 2 ms. תְּהַשְׁכַּח Ezr 4:15; 7:16; Inf. לְהַשְׁכָּחָה Dn 6:5x2;—find, acc. rei, 6:5 (ל pers.), v 5, 6 (ל pers.), v 6 (עַל pers., acc. rei om.), Ezr 7:16 (ב loc.); sq. cl. דִּי 4:15 (ב loc.), v 19; acc. pers. Dn 2:25; ל pers. 6:12 (+ pt. action.).

Hithpe. Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁתְּכַח Dn 2:35 +, 2 ms. -כַ֫חַתְּ 5:27, 3 fs. -כַ֫חַת 5:11 +;—be found, subj. rei, ב loc., Ezr 6:2; ב pers. Dn 5:11, 12, 14; 6:24; עַל pers. v 5; ל pers. + קֳדָם pers. v 23; ל rei 2:35 (v. אֲתַר); subj. pers. 5:27 + חַסִּר thou hast been found wanting (K^{§ 85, 3}).

שַׁכְלְלֵהּ etc., v. כלל.

† [שְׁכֵן cf. 𝔗] vb. dwell (BH שָׁכַן, מִשְׁכָּן);—

Pe. Impf. 3 fpl. יִשְׁכְּנָן Dn 4:18 dwell, of birds, ב loc.

Pa. causat.: Pf. 3 ms. שַׁכִּן שְׁמֵהּ תַּמָּה Ezr 6:12, of God, cause his name to dwell there.

† [מִשְׁכַּן] n.[m.] abode, of God;—sf. מִשְׁכְּנֵהּ Ezr 7:15, of Jerusalem.

שׁלה, שׁלו (√ of foll.; BH I. שׁלה (late)).

† שְׁלֵה adj. at ease (Egyptian Aramaic Cooke ²¹⁰);—שׁ׳ הֲוֵית בְּ Dn 4:1 I was at ease in my house.—3:29 v. following.

† שָׁלוּ n.f. neglect, remissness (𝔗 id.);—abs. שׁ׳ Ezr 4:22; 6:9 Dn 6:5 + 3:29 Qr; Kt שׁלה usually thought an error for שׁלו; Hi Bev M (perhaps) expl. as שֵׁלָה = שְׁאֵלָה = thing, affair (4:14).

† [שְׁלֵוָה] n.f. ease, prosperity;—sf. שְׁלֵוְתָךְ Dn 4:24.

† שְׁלַח vb. send (BH I. שָׁלַח);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Ezr 4:17 +; 3 mpl. שְׁלַ֫חוּ 4:11 +; 2 mpl. שְׁלַחְתּוּן 4:18; 1 pl. שְׁלַחְנָא 4:14; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַח 5:17; 6:12; Pt. pass. שְׁלִיחַ 7:14 Dn 5:24;—send, acc. of letter, etc., c. עַל pers. Ezr 4:11, 17, 18; 5:6, 7, 17; abs. 6:13, sq. vb. fin. 4:14, + acc. pers. Dn 3:28; 6:23; sq. Inf. Dn 3:2; put out hand (acc.) to harm (Inf.) Ezr 6:12; pass., be sent, c. מִן־קֳדָם pers.: subj. pers. Ezr 7:14; subj. כַּפָּא Dn 5:24.

† שְׁלֵט vb. have power, rule (𝔗 Syriac; BH (q.v.) late);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Dn 3:27, 3 mpl. שְׁלִ֫טוּ 6:25; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁלַ֑ט 5:7, 3 fs. תִּשְׁלַט 2:39, 2 ms. תִּשְׁלַ֑ט 5:16;—have power upon, ב rei, Dn 3:27 (of fire); fall upon, assault (𝔗 = פָּגע בְּ), ב pers. 6:25 (of lions); subj. pers. rule; be ruler, abs., 5:7, 16, subj. kingdom, ב of earth, 2:39.

Haph. make ruler: Pf. 3 ms. sf. הַשְׁלְטָךְ 2:38 (ב pers., etc.); הַשְׁלְטֵהּ v 48 (עַל of province).

† שָׁלְטָן (K^{§ 61, 3, Beisp. α)}) n.m. Dn 7:6 dominion;—שׁ׳ abs. Dn 7:6, 14, cstr. 6:27 +; emph. שָׁלְטָנָא 7:27; sf. שָׁלְטָנָךְ 4:19, -נֵהּ 3:33 +, -נְהוֹן 7:12; pl. emph. שָׁלְטָנַיָּא 7:27;—

1. dominion, sovereignty (usually of God): Dn 3:33; 4:19, 31^(×2) 6:27b 7:6, 12, 14^(×3), 26, 27^(×2).

2. realm 6:27a. שִׁלְטוֹן v. p. 1127.

† שַׁלִּיט adj. having mastery, ruling;—abs. שׁ׳ Ezr 7:24 +, emph. א—ָ Dn 2:15; mpl. שְׁלִיטִין Ezr 4:20, -טִן Dn 4:23;—

1. having, exercising, mastery: a. of God, sq. ב, Dn 4:14, 22, 29; 5:21; abs., of heavens 4:23. b. of kings Ezr 4:20 (ב).

2. as n. = ruler Dn 2:10; 5:29, captain Dn 2:15.

3. having authority to do a thing (Inf.), hence impers. = it is authorized, Ezr 7:24 (so often in Syriac; cf. S-C^{A 11 +} אנת שליט למבנה).

† [שְׁלֵם] vb. be complete (v. BH; Egyptian Aramaic שלם pay in full Cooke⁴⁰⁴ = S-C^{L 5. 7});—

Pe. Pt. pass. שְׁלִם Ezr 5:16 finished, of temple.

Haph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הַשְׁלְמַהּ Dn 5:26 God has finished it (the kingdom; brought it to an end); Imv. ms. הַשְׁלֵם Ezr 7:19 render in full, acc. rei (cf. Syriac Aph., Be-Ry Berthol), sq. קֳדָם dei.

† שְׁלָם n.m.Dn 3:31 welfare, prosperity;—in greetings: abs. Ezr 4:17 prosperity! emph. שְׁלָמָא 5:7; sf. שְׁלָֽמְכוֹן יַשְׂגִּיא Dn 3:31; 6:26.

† [שֻׁם] n.m. name (v. BH שֵׁם);—cstr. שׁ׳ Ezr 5:1 +; sf. שְׁמֵהּ Dn 2:20 +; pl. cstr. שְׁמָהָת Ezr 5:4, sf. -תְהֹם v 10;—name, dei: Dn 2:20; 4:5 Ezr 5:1; 6:12; vir.: Dn 2:26; 4:5, 16; 5:12 (all Dan.), Ezr 5:4, 10^(×2) also v 14, with which cf. S-C^{K 4, 5, 8 f., 12 f.}

† [שְׁמַד] vb.

Haph. destroy (𝔗 Pa. make apostatize; cf. BH);—Inf. לְהַשְׁמָדָה Dn 7:26 (obj. om., = dominion).

† [שְׁמַ֫יִן] n.m. pl. heavens (BH [שָׁמַי], שָׁמַיִם, √ שׁמה);—always emph. שְׁמַיָּא:

1. visible sky Je 10:11 Dn 4:8, 10, 17, 19, 20, 27, 28; עוֹף שׁ׳ 2:38; צִפְּרֵי שׁ׳ 4:9, 18; טַל שׁ׳ v 12, 20, 22, 30; 5:21; רוּחֵי שׁ׳ 7:2 winds of the sky; עֲנָנֵי שׁ׳ v 13; heavens + earth = universe Je 10:11, where God shews signs Dn 6:28.

2. heavens as abode of God Dn 2:28; 4:31, hence, fig., as ruling v 23 (שׁ׳ sometimes = God in NH J Aram., D^{Worte Jesu 179; Eng. Tr. 218 f.}); as abode of angels v 32 (Dr); elsewhere in phr. אֱלָהּ שׁ׳ 2:18, 19, 37, 44 Ezr 5:11, 12; 6:9, 10; 7:12, 21, 23^(×2) מֶלֶךְ שׁ׳ Dn 4:34, מָרֵא שׁ׳ 5:23.

† [שְׁמַם] vb. Ethpôʿal be appalled (𝔗 (rare); v. BH Chr-Pal. ܫܡ, Schulth²⁰⁹);—Pf. 3 ms. אֶשְׁתּוֹמַם (K^{§ 36}) Dn 4:16.

† שְׁמַע vb. hear (v. BH);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Dn 6:15; 1 s. שִׁמְעֵת 5:14, 16; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁמַע 3:10, 2 mpl. תִּשְׁמְעוּן 3:5, 15; Pt. act. שָֽׁמְעִין 3:7; 5:23;—hear: = have sense of hearing Dn 5:23; c. acc. of sound 3:5, 7, 10, 15, word 6:15; c. cl. דִּי + עַל pers. concerning, 5:14, 16.

Hithpe. shew oneself obedient: Impf. 3 mpl. יִשְׁתַּמְעוּן Dn 7:27, c. ל pers. (prob.).

† שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן n.pr.loc. (BH שֹׁמְרוֹן, I. שָׁמַר);—Ezr 4:7, 10.

I. שׁמשֹׁ (√ of following; BH שׁמשׁ, שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ).

† [שְׁמַשׁ] n.[m. so D^WB] sun;—emph. שִׁמְשָׁא Dn 6:15.

† II. [שְׁמַשׁ] vb.

Pa. minister (𝔗 Pa. id., תַּשְׁמִישׁ use; Palm. שמש, תשמיש, SAC ^{114, cf. 122} Lzb ³⁷⁹; Syriac ܫܰܡܶܫ, ܬܶܫܡܶܫܬܳܐ; Chr-Pal. ܫܡܫ Pa, ܬܫܡܫ; NH שִׁמֵּשׁ, תַּשְׁמִישׁ; Egyptian šms, servant, Kopt. šemše, cf. WMM in Buhl ¹⁴);—Impf. 3 mpl. sf. יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּהּ Dn 7:10 were ministering to him.

† שִׁמְשַׁי n.pr.m.;—always שׁ׳ סָֽפְרָא: Ezr 4:8, 9, 17, 23 (Andr^{M 86*} conj. OIran. caritative ששמי, conformed to שׁמשׁ, cf. Scheft ⁹², who, however, prefers OBaktr. simēzhi = simaēzhi, n.pr.).

שֵׁן v. שׁנן.

[שְׁנָא] vb. change (v. BH I. שׁנה);—

Pe. Pf. 3 mpl. שְׁנוֹ Dn 3:27, sf. שְׁנוֹ֫הִי 5:6 (read prob. שְׁנוֹ עֲלוֹהִי); Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁנֵא 7:24, 3 fs. תִּשְׁנֵא 6:18; 7:23; Pt. act. fs. שַׁנְיָא 7:19; mpl. שָׁנַ֫יִן 5:9, fpl. שָֽׁנְיָן 7:3;—intrans. change, be changed: of garment, by fire Dn 3:27, brightness (זִיו) of face 5:6, 9, purpose 6:18; be different from (מִן) 7:3, 19, 23, 24.

Pa. Pf. 3 mpl. שַׁנִּיו (K^{§ 47 e}), and Beisp. 3) Dn 3:28; Impf. 3 mpl. יְשַׁנּוֹן 4:13; Pt. pass. fs. מְשַׁנְיָא (Baer) 7:7;—trans. change Dn 4:13 (לִבְבֵהּ מִן־אֲנָשָׁא); = frustrate word of king 3:28; pt. pass. intrans. different 7:7 (מִן). Ithpa. Pf. 3 mpl. אִשְׁתַּנּוֹ Dn 3:19 Kt (K^{§ 47 Beisp. 4}; נִּו—ַ Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019} Str^{§ 23 d} M^24*), > 3 ms. אִשְׁתַּנִּי Qr; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁתַּנֵּא 2:9, 3 mpl. -נּ֑וֹ (ן om. in pause, K^{§ 26, 1}, but modus apocop. Nö^{GGA 1884, 1018}, as יֵאבַ֫דוּ Je 10:11, יְבַהֲלוּךְ Dn 5:10; v. also Cooke ¹⁶⁶) 5:10, -נוֹן 7:28;—be changed: of זִיו Dn 5:10; 7:28 (v. Pe.; עַל pers.); צְלֵם אַנְפּוֹהִי 3:19 (id.); of time, conditions 2:9.

Haph. Impf. 3 ms. וְהַשְׁנֵא Ezr 6:11; Inf. לְהַשְׁנָיָה v 12 +; Pt. act. מְהַשְׁנֵא Dn 2:21;—trans. change, alter, times, etc. (v. Ithpa.) Dn 2:21; 7:25; acc. om. 6:9, 16 Ezr 6:12; frustrate edict (v. Pa.) 6:11.

† I. [שְׁנָה] n.f. year (v. BH שָׁנָה, √ I. [שָׁנָה]);—cstr. שְׁנַת: שׁ׳ חֲדָה = first year Ezr 5:13; 6:3 Dn 7:1; שׁ׳ תַּרְתֵּין Ezr 4:24 second year; שׁ׳ שֵׁת 6:15; pl. שְׁנִין שִׁתִּין וְת׳ Dn 6:1 62 years; שׁ׳ שַׂגִּיאָן Ezr 5:11.—ii. [שְׁנָה] v. ישׁן.

שׁנן (√ of following; v. BH [שָׁנַן], שֵׁן).

† [שֵׁן] n.[f.] tooth;—du. (of rows of teeth) abs. שִׁנַּ֫יִן Dn 7:7;—sf. שניה Kt (K^{§ 53, 2. b)}), שִׁנַּהּ Qr, v 5, 19 (all of beasts in vision). שִׁנְּתֵהּ Dn 6:19 v. √ ישן

† שָׁעָה n.f. brief time, moment (𝔗 id., שָֽׁעֲתָא, NH שָׁעָה time, hour; Syriac ܫܳܥܬܳܐ moment, then hour Brock ³⁶⁹, but Chr-Pal. ܫܥܳܐ moment, hour Schwally^{Idiot. 97} Schulth^{Lex. 211}; perhaps = Assyrian šattu, duration; TelAm.^{91, 77} še-ti, time, hour (as Canaanism) Wkl^{KAT3. 335}; Arabic سِعْوٌ, سَاعَةٌ portion of time, Ethiopic ሳዕ time, ሰዓት hour, time (Buhl calls Arabic Ethiopic loan-words, but v. Wkl^l.c.); √ unknown: poss. Assyrian loan-word (v. Wkl^l.c.); Dl^{Pr 39 f.} conj. שׁיע = שָׁעָה look, hence moment = ‘Augenblick,’ but vb. שׁ׳ rather of steady gaze);—moment: usually emph. בַּהּ־שַׁעֲתָא (read poss. שָֽׁ׳ as 𝔗 Syriac, M^{86* f.} Buhl¹⁴ cf. var. in Str) in the same moment, forthwith Dn 3:6, 15; 4:30; 5:5; abs. שָׁעָה חֲדָה 4:16 for a moment.

‡ † [שְׁפַט] vb. judge (BH שָׁפַט);—

Pe. Pt. as n.pl. abs. שָֽׁפְטִין Ezr 7:25 judges.

שַׁפִּיר v. שׁפר.

† [שְׁפֵל] vb. be low (v. BH);—

Haph. bring low, humble: Pf. 2 ms. הַשְׁפֵּלְתְּ לִבְבָךְ Dn 5:22 thou hast not humbled thine heart: Impf. 3 ms. יְהַשְׁפִּ֑ל 7:24, Inf. לְהַשְׁפָּלָה 4:34, Pt. מַשְׁפִּ֑ל 5:19, all. c. acc. pers. bring low, put down.

† שְׁפַל adj. low in station;—cstr. שׁ׳ Dn 4:14.

† שְׁפַר vb. be fair, seemly (𝔗 Syriac; cf. BH (rare and mostly late); Palm. שפר ל merit well of, SAC¹¹⁷; Cappad. Aramaic שפירא Lzb^{Eph 160});—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳, c. קֳדָם pers. it seemed good to Dn 3:32; 6:2; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁפַּר עַל 4:24 let my counsel be acceptable to thee.

† שַׁפִּיר adj. fair, beautiful;—of foliage Dn 4:9, 18.

† [שְׁפַרְפָּר] n.[m.] dawn (𝔗 id.; redupl. (K^{§ 59, 3}) from above √?);—emph. שְׁפַרְפָּרָא Dn 6:20.

שָׁק v. שׁוק.

† [שְׁרָא] vb.

1. loosen 2. abide (v. BH I. שׁרה);—

Pe. Inf. לְמִשְׁרֵא Dn 5:16; read מִשׁ׳ also v 12, for מְשָׁ׳ (K^{§ 40 n.} M ^87* al.);—Pt. pass. שְׁרֵא (K^{§ 47, Beisp. f)}) 2:22; pl. שְׁרַיִן 3:25;— 1. loosen: lit. pt. pass. loosed Dn 3:25 (opp. bound); fig. loosen knots, i.e. solve difficulties, 5:12, 16. 2. abide (from loosening girths, loads, at encampment; cf. 𝔗 NH [also on pt. pass.]), fig. 2:22 (עִם pers.).

Pa. Pf. 3 mpl. שָׁרִיו Ezr 5:2 begin (v. BH III. [חָלַל Hiph. 2), sq. inf.

Hithpa. Pt. mpl. מִשְׁתָּרַ֫יִן Dn 5:6 joints were loosened (in fear).

שׁרק (𝔗 שְׁרֵיק, Syriac ܫܪܰܩ, BH שָׁרַק hiss, whistle (onomatop.)).

† [מַשְׁרוֹקִי] n.f. pipe (cf. Syriac (rare));—emph. מַשְׁרוֹקִיתָא Dn 3:5, 7, 15, מַשְׁרֹק׳ 3:10.

† [שֹׁ֫רֶשׁ] n.m. ^{Dn 4:12} root (v. BH);—pl. sf. שָׁרְשׁוֹ֫הִי of tree Dn 4:12, 20, 23.

‡ † שרשו Kt (i.e. שֹׁרְשׁוּ K^{§ 61, 4, 5}), Qr שְׁרשִׁי n.f. uprooting, fig. banishment;—abs. Ezr 7:26.

שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּר n.pr.m. Ezr 5:14, 16.

שֵׁת, שִׁ֑ת v. שׁדת.

† [שְׁתָה] vb. drink (𝔗 שְׁתָא, אִשְׁתִּי, Syriac ܐܶܫܬܻܝ; v. BH ׃שָׁתָה);—

Pe. Pf. 3 mpl. אִשְׁתִּיו (K^{§ 11, 4, α)}) Dn 5:3, 4; Impf. 3 mpl. יִשְׁתּוֹן v 2; Pt. act. שָׁתֵה v 1, pl. שָׁתַ֫יִן v 23;—drink, acc. wine Dn 5:1, 4, + ב of vessel v 23 and (acc. om.) v 2, 3.

† [מִשְׁתֵּי so 𝔗] n.m. feast (as BH מִשְׁתֶּה);—emph. בֵּית מִשְׁתְּיָא Dn 5:10.

שִׁתִּין sixty, v. שׁדת.

† שְׁתַר בּוֹזְנַי n.pr.m. Pers. official Ezr 5:3, 6; 6:6, 13; Σαθαρβουζανα (αι, ε, ης); 𝔊L Σαθραβωζανης (Andr^{M 87*} proposes מתרב׳, Gk. Μιθροβουζάνης, = OIran. *Mithrabaužana, Mithra is deliverer (or the like), so Mey^{Entst. J. 32}; Scheft ^{92 f.} OIran. Šêthrabûzana, empire-delivering; Wkl^{MVAG 1887, 281 f.} conj. a title).