Aramaic ק

קָאֵם v. [קוּם].

קבל (√ of following, be in front of).

קֳבֵל₂₉ subst. front, as prep. in front of, before, because of; sq. דִּי as conj. because that (perhaps in form a dimin., Bev Dn 2:8; 𝔗 קְבֵיל, c. לְ, לִקְבֵיל, sf. לְקִבְלִי, etc., in front of (Dalm^{§ 47:7}); Syriac ܩܒܽܘܠ, ܩܽܘܒܠܴܐ aspect, ܡܶܢ ܩܒܽܘܠ in front, ܠܽܘܩܒܰܠ, sf. ܠܩܽܘܒܠܶܗ in front (of), opposite (to), cf. Gn 15:10 𝔗 𝔖; Palm. לקבל before (Cooke^{321, cf. 193}));—cstr. לָקֳבֵל Dn 2:8 + sf. לְקָבְלָךְ †2:31;—

†1. c. לְ: a. Dn 3:3 לק׳ צַלְמָא before the image, 2:31; 5:1, 5; in view of, by reason of, 5:10 לק׳ מִלֵּי מַלְכָּא by reason of the words, etc., Ezr 4:16 לָקֳבֵל דְּנָה (cf. EgyptianAramaic לקבל זנה זי, RÉS^{361 B 5}). b. sq. דִּי as conj. because that Ezr 6:13 (so Palm. CIS^{ii. 164}).

2. c. בֹּל, כָּל־קֳבֵל in view of, because of (but read probably כְּלָקֳבֵל according to the front of, i.e. having regard to, because of: Luzz^{Chald. Gr. § 123} Lambert^{RÉJ, 1895, 47 f.} Marti^{§ 95 d} Nö^{LCB, 1896, 703} Nes^{OLZ, 1902, 487} Strack⁵⁶ al.; cf. BH I. עֻמָּה d): a. as prep. כָּל־קֳבֵל דְּנָה because of this, therefore, †Dn 2:12, 24; 3:7, 8; 6:10 Ezr 7:17; Dn 3:22 pointing forwards, כָּל־קֳבֵל דִּנָה מִן־דִּי וג׳ on this account, (viz.) because that, etc. b. sq. דִּי as conj. because that, inasmuch as, Dn 2:8 כָּל־קֳבֵל (כְּלָקֳבֵל) דִּי חֲזֵיתוּן because ye see, v 10, 41, 45 +, Ezr 4:14; 7:14; Dn 5:22 = although. In Dn 2:40; 6:11 taken by 𝔊 (ὃν τρόπον, καθώς), Ges (Thes, not Lex), Ew Hi as = according as (as Ec 5:15 𝔗 כל קבל דאתא according as he came), but not Bev Behrm Marti. [Occas. in 𝔗, usually = before; cf. in 𝔗^J Gn 28:17; 31:32, D^{§§ 47. 7; 50}].

† קַבֵּל vb. denom.

Pa. receive (BH (late), q.v.; 𝔗 Syriac: proposes come in front of, come to meet, cf. Germ. entgegennehmen);—Pf. 3 ms. קַבֵּל Dn 6:1; Impf. 2 mpl. תְּקַבְּלוּן ye shall receive 2:6, 3 mpl. וִיקַבְּלוּן 7:18; all c. acc. rei.

קֳדָם₄₂ prep. before (so Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. etc. (Lzb^{360 f.}), 𝔗 קָדָם, Syriac ܩܕܳܡ; proposes a subst. the front, cf. Arabic قُدَّام the front; for √ v. BH קדם);—sf. קֳדָמַי Dn 2:9 +, -מָ֑י v 6; קדמיך Kt, קֳדָמָךְ Qr, †5:23; 6:23; קֳדָמוֹהִי 4:5 + (cf. Nerab קדמוה, Cooke¹⁸⁹); 3 fs. קדמיה Kt, קֳדָמַהּ Qr, †7:7, 8, 20; קֳדָמֵיהוֹן †4:4;—

1. before (= Heb. לִפְנֵי), especially in the phrases to answer, pray, say etc., before a superior (as more respectful than to), Dn 2:9 לְמֵאמַר קֳדָמַי, v 10, 11, 27; 6:11 (v. Dr), v 12, 13, 14; קֱרִי ק׳ Ezr 4:18, 23; 5:23^(×2); with שְׁפַר to seem fair Dn 3:32; 6:2; after vbs. of motion, in before, Dn 2:24, 25; 3:13; 4:3 +; of time 7:7.

†2. מִן־קֳדָם from before (= מִלִּפְנֵי, but as used in late Heb., Est 1:19; 4:8: p. 818^a), c. קַבֵּל Dn 2:6, בְּעָא v 18; of a decree, 6:27 מִן־קֳדָמַי שִׂים טְעֵם (‖ מִנִּי 3:29 +), cf 2:15 Ezr 7:14; of God, Dn 5:24 מִן־קֳדָמוֹהִי שְׁלִיחַ פַּסָּא דִּי־יְדָא, 7:10 (so very often in 𝔗, Dr^{Sm lxx. f., lxxiii}). Also = Heb. מִפְּנֵי, with to fear Dn 5:19; 6:27, be rooted up 7:8 fall v 20.

† [קַדְמָה] n.f. former time (cf. BH קַדְמָה, Zinj. קדמה (Cooke¹⁷⁷), former state);—cstr. Dn 6:11 מִן־קַדְמַת דְּנָה = before this, formerly; so Ezr 5:11 מִקַּדְמַת דְּ׳. cf. Gn 28:19 𝔗^J, Ez 38:17 𝔗.

† [קַדְמָי] adj. former, first (so Nab. Palm. 𝔗 Syriac);—fs. emph. קַדְמָֽיְתָא the first Dn 7:4, fpl. emph. קַרְנַיָּא קַדְמָיָתָא the former horns v 8, mpl. emph. קַדְמָיֵא v 24.

קדשׁ (√ of foll.; 𝔗 Syriac; v. BH id., קָדוֹשׁ).

† קַדִּישׁ adj. holy;—abs. ק׳ Dn 4:10, 20; pl. שִׁין 4:5 +, cstr. -שֵׁי 7:18 +;—gods Dn 4:5, 6, 15; 5:11; as subst., of angels 4:10, 14, 20; of Isr. (as holy ones, saints) 7:21, 22, קַדִּישֵׁי עֶלְיוֹנִין saints of the Most High v 18, 22, 25, 27.

קול (√ of following; BH קול, קוֹל).

† קָל n.m. ^{Dn 4:28} voice (𝔗 Syriac);—ק׳ abs. Dn 4:28; 6:21, cstr. sound of words 7:11, instr. 3:5, 7, 10, 15.

[קוּם] vb. arise, stand (v. BH);—Pe Pf. 3 ms. קָם Dn 3:24, 3 mpl. קָ֫מוּ Ezr 5:2; Impf. 3 ms. יְקוּם Dn 6:20; 7:24, 3 fs. תְּקוּם 2:39, 44; 3 mpl. יְקוּמוּן 7:10, 17, 24 (יְקֻ׳); Imv. 2 fs. קוּמִי Dn 7:5; Pt. קָאֵם 2:31, pl. קאמין Kt, קָֽיְמִין Qr, 3:3, emph. קָֽאֲמַוָּא 7:16;—

1. arise Dn 3:24 (from throne), 6:20 (from bed). 2. come on scene of history: kingdom 2:39, king 7:17, 24 (both מִן of source), v 24. 3. arise (out of inaction), and build Ezr 5:2, devour Dn 7:5b. 4. stand, lit., לָקֳבֵל pers. 2:31, cf. 3:3, קֱדָם pers. 7:10; pt. as n., those standing (there) v 16. 5. endure, of kingdom 2:44.

Pa. set up, establish an ordinace (קְיָם): Inf. לְקַיָּמָה 6:8.

Haph. (K^{§ 45, 4}) Pf. 3 ms. הֲקֵים Dn 3:2 +, וַהֲקִים 6:2, sf. הֱקִימֵהּ 5:11, אֲקִימֵהּ 3:1; 3 fs. הֱקִמַת 7:5; 2 ms. הֲקֵימְתָּ 3:12, 18; 1 s. הֲקֵ֫ימֶת לָא 3:14; Impf. 3 ms. יְהָקֵים (K^{§ 45, b)}) 5:21; 6:16, יְקִים 2:44; 4:14; Inf. sf. לַהֲקָמוּתֵהּ 6:4; Pt. act. מְהָקֵים 2:21;— 1. set up, lit. image 3:1, 2, 3^(×2), 5, 7, 12, 14, 18; fig. kings 2:21, kingdom v 44. 2. lift up one side 7:5a (Dr). 3. establish, c. acc. קְיָם 6:16 (= Pa.), אֱסָרָא v 9. 4. appopint Ezr 6:18, 2 acc. Dn 5:11; sf. pers. + עַל 6:4, ל acc. pers. + עַל 4:14; 5:21; 6:2.

Hoph. Pf. 3 fs. הֳקִימַת (variants in Str; cf. K^{§ 45, 5}; not Hebraism Nö ^{GGA 1867, 1784}; W^{CG 225, 253}) 7:4 be made to stand עַל־רָגְלַיִן.

† קְיָם n. [m.] statute (Egyptian Aramaic קימיהם Cooke ²⁰⁹);—abs. Dn 6:16, cstr. v 8.

† קַיָּם adj. enduring (cf. Nab. קים (Cooke ²¹⁷ Lzb קָיֵם; SAC, privately, prob. קַיָּם));—abs. ק׳ Dn 6:27 (of God, so often 𝔗 NH, cf. Dr); fs. קַיָּמָה 4:23 (of kingdom).

† [קְטל] vb. slay (𝔗 Syriac (often); v. BH (late, rare));—

Pe. Pt. act. קָטֵל Dn 5:19, acc. pers. Peʿîl be slain: Pf. 3 ms. קְטִיל 5:30, 3 fs. קְטִילַת 7:11.

Pa. slay: Pf. 3 ms. קַטִּל 3:22 (acc. pers.); Inf. לְקַטָּלָה 2:14 (ל acc. pers.).

Hithpe. be slain: Inf. לְהִתְקְטָלָה 2:13; Pt. (= gerundive, K^{§ 76, 3}) pl. מִתְקַטְלִין v 13 were to be slain.

קטר (√ of foll.; 𝔗 קְטַר, Syriac ܩܛܰܪ bind, whence קִטְרָא, ܩܶܛܪܳܐ knot, etc.; cf. BH II. [קטר]).

† [קְטַר] n.m. ^{Dn 5:6} joint, knot;—lit. pl. cstr. קִטְרֵי Dn 5:6 joints of his loin; fig. abs. קִטְרִין v 12, 16, usually knotty things, difficulties (Syriac PS ³⁵⁹¹); but prob. of magic spells, banns (also Syriac PS ^l.c., cf. Brock ^{319 b}), so Bev, v. also Dr.

† קַ֫יִט n. [m.] summer (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH II. קיץ);—abs. ק׳ Dn 2:35.

קְיָם, קַיָּם v. קום.

† קיתרס Kt, קַתְרֹס Qr, n. [m.] lyre, zither (also 𝔗; loan-word from Gk. κίθαρις Krauss ^{i. 193; ii. 573});—Dn 3:5, 7, 10, 15; Kmp קִיתָרִס.

קָל v. קול.

† [קְנָא] vb. acquire, buy (v. BH I. קנה);—

Pe. Impf. 2 ms. תִּקְנֵא Ezr 7:17 c. acc. rei, + בְּכַסְפָּא.

קצא (√ of following; BH I. קצה, קָצֶה).

† קְצָת n.f. end (so BH (late); 𝔗 (Gn 47:2); not Syriac; cf. Egyptian Aramaic RÉS^{361 A4});—cstr. לְק׳ at the end of (months, days) Dn 4:26, 31; מִן־ק׳מַלְכוּתָא 2:43 = part of (‖ מִנַּהּ v d; cf. BH קְצָת 2).

† קְצַף vb. be wroth (Syriac; v. BH I. קצף);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. ק׳ Dn 2:12.

‡ † קְצַף n. [m.] wrath (of God) (only Syriac ܩܨܳܦܳܐ sadness, anxiety, in Lexx.);—abs. ק׳ Ezr 7:23.

[קַצִּ֫צוּ] v. p. 1126.

קְצָת v. קצא.

† [קְרָא] vb. call, read out, aloud (v. BH I. קרא);—

Pe. Impf. 3 ms. יִקְרֵה Dn 5:7, 1 s. אֶקְרֵא v 17; 3 mpl. יִקְרוֹן v 15; Inf. לְמִקְרֵא v 8, 16; Pt. act. קָרֵא 3:4 +;— 1. call, proclaim, בְּהַיִל: Dn 3:4; 4:11; 5:7. 2. read out, aloud, acc. כְּתָבָא 5:7, 8, 15, 16, v 17 (ל pers.). Peʿîl (W^{CG 225}) Pf. 3 ms. קֱרִי Ezr 4:18, 23 it was read, קֳדָם pers.

Hithpe. be summoned, Impf. 3 ms. יִתְקְרֵי Dn 5:12.

† קְרֵב vb. approach (v. BH I. קרב);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. ק׳ Dn 3:26 (ל loc.); 1 s. קִרְבֵת 7:16 (עַל pers.); abs., 3 mpl. קְּרִ֫בוּ Dn 3:8; 6:13; Inf. sf. כְּמִקְרְבֵהּ 6:21 when he approached, ל loc.

Pa. offer sacrifice: Impf. 2 ms. תְּקָרֵב Ezr 7:17, c. acc. + עַל of altar.

Haph. 1. = Pa.: c. acc. Pf. 3 mpl. הַקְרִ֫בוּ Ezr 6:17, Pt. act. מְהַקְרְבִין v 10 (ל dei). 2. bring near: Pf. sf. הַקְרְבוּהִי Dn 7:13 (קֳדָם dei).

† קְרָב (K^{§ 57 a)}) n.[m.] war (𝔗 Syriac NH id.; BH as Aramaism);—abs. Dn 7:21.

† קִרְיָה -ָא, n.f. city (𝔗 Syriac; S-C ^{A 9 +} קריה; v. BH, √ קרה; also Nö ^{Beitr. 62});—abs. ה—ָ Ezr 4:10, א—ָ v 15; emph. קִרְיְתָא v 12, 13, 15^(×2), 16, 19, 21

† קֶ֫רֶן n.f. ^{Dn 7:8} horn (v. BH קרן);—abs. ק׳ Dn 7:8; emph. קַרְנָא 3:5 +; du. (often!) קַרְ֫נַיִן 7:7; emph. -נַיָּא 7:8 +;—

1. instr. of music, Dn 3:5, 7, 10, 15.

2. symbolic, in vision, 7:7, 8^(×3), 11, 20^(×2), 21, 24.

[קְרַץ] n. [m.] piece (𝔗; v. BH קרץ);—pl. sf. קַרְצ֫וֹהִי Dn 6:25, -צֵיהוֹן 3:8, both in phr. אֲכַ֫לוּ ק׳, i.e. accuse maliciously (so 𝔗 Syriac PS ³⁷⁵⁶ (cf. Old Aramaic אמר כרצי פ׳ Lzb ²⁹⁹ SAC ⁶⁶ Cooke ^{205 f.}; כרץ also Mand.), prob. borrowed from Assyrian karṣe akâlu, malign, slander (often; also TelAm.); cf. also uḳtarrizu Ḫamm ^{Law 161}; further Arabic أَكَلَ لَحْمَهُ id., and kindred phr.; Ethiopic በሊዐ: ሥጋ: Di ⁴⁸⁹).

† קְשֹׁט n. [m.] truth (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH קֹשְׁטְ (once, Aramaism));—abs. Dn 4:34; מִן־ק׳ 2:47 of a truth.

קַתְרֹס v. קיתרס.