Aramaic ע

עֲבַד vb. make, do (𝔗 Syriac Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. Egyptian Aramaic (S-C^Pap.; cf. אַזְדָּא); = BH עָבַד, q.v., but in meaning ‖ עשׂה);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Dn 3:1 +, 2 ms. עֲבַ֑דְתְּ (K^{§ 13, 2}) 4:32; 1 s. עַבְדֵֿת 3:15; 6:23, 3 mpl. עֲבַ֫דוּ Ezr 6:13 +; Impf. 2 mpl. תַּעְבְּדוּן (Baer K^{§ 38, 1. b}); תַּעַבְדוּן Gi Str) Ezr 6:8; 7:18; Inf. מֶעְבַּד (K^{§ 15, a) 2)}) 4:22; 7:18 (מֶעְבַּ֑ד); Pt. act. עָבֵד 7:26 +, fs. עָבְדָא Dn 7:21; mpl. עָֽבְדִין Ezr 4:15;— 1. make, acc. rei Dn 3:1, 15 and (of creation) Je 10:11; make a feast Dn 5:1, war 7:21 (עִם pers.), ded. of temple Ezr 6:16. 2. do, acc. of deed, Dn 4:32 (of God), 6:23 Ezr 4:15, 22; do, act, כְּנֵמָא, thus, Ezr 6:13, כ, according to, Dn 7:18 and (of God) 4:32, abs. 6:11; acc. + ב rei Ezr 7:18 do something with, + עִם pers. 6:8; do, perform, acc. of God’s law 7:26, acc. of signs, etc. (subj. God) Dn 6:28 and (+ עִם pers.) 3:32.

Hithpe. Impf. 3 ms. יִתְעֲבֵד Ezr 6:11 +, ד—ִ֑ 6:12; 7:21; 2 mpl. תִּתְעַבְדוּן Dn 2:5; Pt. מִתְעֲבֵד Ezr 7:26, -בֶד־ 4:19, fs. -עַבְדָא 5:8;— 1. be made into, c. n. pred., Dn 2:5; 3:29; Ezr 6:11. 2. be done, wrought, 4:19, 5:3 (subj. עֲבִידְתָּא); be performed, executed, of command Ezr 6:12; 7:21, 23, judgment 7:26.

† [עֲבַד D^{p. 105}, or עֲבֵד K^{§ 54, 3, γ)}] n.m. slave, servant (BH עֶ֫בֶד);—cstr. עֲבֵד Dn 6:21 servant of God; pl. sf. of king, עבדיך Kt (K^{§ 53 Anm. b)}), עַבְדָךְ Qr Ezr 4:11; עַבְדָךְ Qr Dn 2:4; sf. of God, עַבְד֫וֹהִי, Dn 3:26, 28; Ezr 5:11, of king Dn 2:7.

† עֲבֵד נְגוֹ n.pr.m. comrade of Daniel (BH id.);—Dn 2:49; 3:12 + 10 times 3, + עֲבֵד נְגוֹא 3:29; = עֲזַרְיָה 2:17.

† [עֲבִידָה] n.f. work, service (BH עֲבֹדָה);—emph. עֲבִידְתָּא Ezr 5:8; Dn 2:49, cstr. עֲבִידַת Ezr 4:24 +;—

1. work, of building temple, Ezr 4:24; 5:8; 6:7; = administration Dn 2:49; 3:12.

2. ritual, service, of God Ezr 6:18.

† [מַעֲבַד K^{§ 60, 3) b)}] n.[m.

† [עֲבַר] n.m. region across, beyond (v. BH I. עֵ֫בֶר, √ עָבַר);—cstr. in phr. עֲבַר(־)נַהֲרָה, i.e. Syria (Scheft ⁸⁷): Ezr 4:10, 11, 17, 20; 5:3, 6^(×2); 6:6^(×2), 8, 13; 7:21, 25, ע׳ נהרא 4:16. cf. in Cilic. Aramaic, Cooke ³⁴⁶.

עַד v. עדה.

† [עֲדָא, עֲדָה] vb. pass on, away (𝔗 for Heb. עָבַר, Syriac; v. BH I. עָדָה (rare, late));—

Pe. Pf. 3 fs. עֲדָת Dn 3:27; 4:28; Impf. 3 ms. יֶעְדֵּה 7:14, 3 fs. תֶּעְדֵּא 6:9;— 1. pass on, over, c. ב pers. Dn 3:27. 2. pass away, of kingdom 4:28 (מִן pers.), 7:14; of law 6:9, 13.

Haph. take away (so Egyptian Aramaic S-C^{G 35}): Pf. 3 mpl. הֶעְדִּיו, acc. rei, Dn 5:20 (מִן pers.), 7:12; Impf. 3 mpl. יְהַעְדּוֹן v 26; Pt. מְהַעְדֵּה 2:21 remove, depose kings, of God.

† עַד₃₅ prep. and conj. even to, until (BH III. עַד; so 𝔗 Syriac Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. Egyptian Aramaic (Lzb³³⁶ S-C^{A 5 +}));—

1. prep.: a. of space, even to Dn 7:13; עַד־כָּה v 28. b. of amount, up to Ezr 7:22 ^{(4 times)}. c. of time, until Dn 2:20; 6:15, 27; 7:18^(×2), 26 Ezr 4:24; 5:16 וְעַד־כְּעַן; = our against 6:15 (cf. BH, p. 724 ^a top); to (the end of) = during Dn 6:8 עַד יוֹמִין תְּלָתִין, v 13; 7:12, 25. On עַד־אָֽחֳרֵין Dn 4:5 v. אָחֳרָן; and on עַד־דִּבְרַת דִּי 4:14 v. [דִּבְרָה].

2. conj.: a. עַד־דִּי until, sq. pf. (of past time) Dn 2:34; 4:30; 5:21; 7:4, 9, 11, 22; sq. impf. (of fut.) 2:9; 4:20, 22, 29.—Dn 6:25 לָא מְטוֹ … עַד דִּי שְׁלִטוּ וג׳ up to the time that …, i.e. ere that. b. עַד alone, Ezr 4:21; 5:5.

† עִדָּן n.m. ^{Dn 2:9} time (𝔗 id., Syriac ܥܶܕܳܢܳܐ, perhaps loan-wd. from Assyrian (ḫ)adon(n)u, edanu, appointed, or definite, time; [Arabic عدّان prob. Aramaic loan-wd., Schwally^{ZMG liii (1889), 197}]);—abs. ע׳ Dn 7:12 +; emph. עִדָּנָא 2:8 +; pl. abs. עִדָּנִין 4:13 +, emph. עִדָּנַיָּא 2:21;—

1. in gen., time, as duration Dn 2:8; 7:12; involving specif. conditions 2:9, 21; (point of) time 3:5, 15.

2. definite time, = year (as mod. Gk. χρόνος, v. EASophocles¹¹⁷³): שִׁבְעָה ע׳ = seven years, 4:13, 20, 22, 29; עִדָּן וְעִדָּנִין וּפְלַג עִדָּן 7:25 (i.e. 3 ½ years, v. Dr; perhaps read du. for pl., cf. Bev Gunk^{Schöpf. 201}).

† עוֹד adv. still (BH; S-C^{K 13}; 𝔗^{O Jon.}; Chr-Pal. Schulth ^{143 f.}), Dn 4:28 עוֹד מִלְּתָא בְּפֻם מַלְכָּא (cf. BH 1 a a).

† [עֲוָיָה] n.f. iniquity (BH II. עוה, עָוֹן; cf. 𝔗 עֲוָיָא);—pl. sf. עֲוָיָתָךְ (K^{§ 56 a) β) 2}) Dn 4:24.

† עוֹף n.[m.] fowl (v. BH, √ I. עוּף);—ע׳ abs. Dn 7:6 wings of a fowl; cstr. 2:38 coll.

† עוּר n.[m.] chaff (J.Aram (Talm, rare), Syriac ܥܽܘܪܳܐ; Arabic عُوَّارٌ, عَاىِٔرٌ mote (in eye, tending to cause blindness [עִוֵּר]) according to Arabic Lexx., Lane ²¹⁹⁵);—abs. ע׳ Dn 2:35 (in sim.).

[עֵז], עִזִּין v. ענז.

† [עִזְקָה] n.f. signet-ring (𝔗 Syriac; √ עזק = surround, v. BH);—sf. עִזְקְתֵהּ Dn 6:18; pl. cstr. -קָת v 18.

† עֶזְרָא n.pr.m. Ezra (BH id.);—Ezr 7:12, 21, 25.

† עֲזַרְיָה n.pr.m. comrade of Daniel (BH id.; Dn 1:6 +);—Dn 2:17, = עֲבֵד נְגוֹ v 49 +.

עֵטָא v. יעט.

† [עַ֫יִן] n.f. ^{Ezr 5:5} eye (v. BH I. ע׳);—cstr. עֵין Ezr 5:5 (of God); pl. (K^{§ 51, 1}) of horn, עַיְנִין Dn 7:8, 20; of man, du. cstr. עַיְנֵי v 8, sf. עַיְנַי 4:31.

† עִיר n.m. waking, or wakeful, one, i.e. angel (√ עיר, cf. Syriac ܥܳܪ wake, ܥܺܝܪ waking (PS ²⁸⁴³), JAram עִיר, NH עֵיר adj. awake);—abs. ע׳ Dn 4:10, 20; pl. abs. עִירִין v 14; Aq Symm. ἐγρήγορος; cf. Charles^{Enoch i, 5; xxxix. 12; also p. 356} Dr^{ad loc.}; doubtful is the connex. with Ph. Zophesemim (Euseb.^{Praep. Evang. 10}), i.e. צפי שמים watchers of heaven, as keeping watch over or spying out (Zim^{KAT3. 629} Jerem^{AT im Licht d. AO 63}).

עַל, עֵלָּא v. עלה.

עִלָּה v. p. 1106.

עלה (√ of foll.; v. BH עָלָה).

† [עֲלָת K^{§ 56, a) β) 2}] n.f. burnt-offering (BH עוֹלָה; cf. Palm. עלתא altar, SAC ⁹² Lzb ³⁴¹);—pl. abs. עֲלָוָן Ezr 6:9.

† [עִלָּי K^{§ 59 1) e)}] adj. highest;—always emph. עליא Kt, עִלָּאָה Qr, the Most High God: אֱלָהָא ע׳ Dn 3:26, 32; 5:18, 21; ע׳ alone, the Most High, 4:14, 21, 22, 29, 31; 7:25 (cf. Nab. n.pr. עליאל Lzb ³⁴¹ SAC ⁹¹).

‡ † [עֶלְיוֹן] adj.id.(BH id.);—pl. of God, קַדִּישֵׁי עֶלְיוֹנִין (double pl., Buhl, as sometimes BH, Ges^{§ 124 q} Kö^{ii. 1. 438 f}) Dn 7:18, 22, 25, 27.

† [עִלִּי] n.f. roof-chamber (cf. Dr; BH עֲלִיָּה);—sf. עִלִּיתֵהּ Dn 6:11.

עַל prep. upon, over, on account of, above, to, against (BH and general Aramaic id.);—sf. 1 s. עֲלַי; 2 ms. עליך Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, Cooke^{No. 77, A 5, 6, B 8}, S-C^{Pap.A 3, B 5 +}), עֲלָךְ, Qr (𝔗 עֲלַךְ, Dalm^{§ 47, 2}) Dn 3:12 + 6 times Dn, Ezr 7:18; 3 ms. עֲלוֹהִי (so Nab. Palm.; Egyptian Aramaic עלוי S-C^{A 6 +}) Dn 3:28 +, עֲלֹהִי †Ezr 6:11; 3 fs. עליה Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, S-C^{D 24}), עֲלַהּ Qr (so 𝔗) †Dn 4:14; 5:21; 1 pl. עֲלֵי֥נָא †Ezr 4:12, עֲלֶ֑ינָא 4:18; 5:17 Baer (Gi עֲלֶ֑ינָא); 3 mpl. עֲלֵיהֹם (so Nab., CIS ^{ii. 226}; Egyptian Aramaic, S-C^{Pap. F 5, 8 +}) †7:24, עֲלֵיהוֹן †5:1, 3;—

1. a. upon, Dn 2:10, 28, 46; 5:5, 7; 6:11 + often, 4:26 עַל־הֵיכַל מַלְכוּתָא (2 S 11:2); to be established עַל מַלְכוּתִי 4:33 (cf. 2 Ch 1:1; BH II. 1) to lay an impost upon, Ezr 7:24; to trust on, Dn 3:28; after a vb. of motion, מְטָא עַל to come upon, Dn 4:21, 25; of times, to pass over, 4:13, 20, 22, 29; Ezr 5:1 בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהוֹן i.e. (named) over them. b. idiom. (as in BH; v. II. 1 d) of the pers. who is the subj. of an emotion or experience, Dn 5:9 וְזִיוֹהִי שָׁנַיִן עֲלוֹהִי were changed upon him, 7:28; 6:19 וְשִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֹהִי (cf. 2:1). c. on acc. of (BH 1 f b), Dn 3:16 עַל־דְּנָה פִּתְגָּם. So in עַל־דְּנָה on this acc. †Ezr 4:15, 22; 5:17, עַל־מָה wherefore? †Dn 2:15; and עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי (v. דְּ׳). d. on behalf of (ib. 1 f c), Ezr 6:17. e. regarding, concerning (ib. 1 f g), Dn 2:18; 5:14, 29; 6:6, 13; Ezr 7:14 + often

2. over, with vbs. of ruling appointing, etc., Dn 2:48, 49; 3:12; 4:14 +, Ezr 4:20; 6:18.

3. in a compar. sense, above, beyond, Dn 3:19; 6:4.

4. expressing direction: a. to, of a person, after a vb. of motion (cf. BH 7 c a α), Dn 2:24; 4:31, 33; 6:7, 16; Ezr 4:12, 23 + often; after to send (a letter, etc.) Ezr 4:11, 17, 18; 5:6 +, write 4:7, prophesy 5:1; of the direction of the mind (ib. 7 c c), Dn 3:12; 6:14^(×2) 15; cf. Ezr 5:5 וְעֵין אֱל׳ הֲוַת עַל (cf. Je 40:4 and אֶל ψ 34:16). b. against, Dn 3:19, 29; 5:23; 6:5, 6 +; Ezr 4:8; 7:23.

5. in such phrases as שְׁפַר עַל, טְאֵב (to be) good or acceptable to (as in Syriac and late Heb.: v. BH 8), Ezr 5:17 אִם עַל מַלְכָּא טָב, 7:18^(×2); Dn 4:24 (יִשְׁפַּר), 6:15 (בְּאֵשׁ), v 24 (טְאֵב).—Comp. the synopsis of meanings in Lzb ³⁴⁰.

† עֵ֫לָּא adv. above (from n. עֵל, with -א of direction, D^{§ 44, 1 n.}; Nab., Egyptian Aramaic, id., Lzb ³⁴¹ S-C^{A 5 +}; 𝔗 עֵיל, עֵילָא; Syriac ܥܶܠ in ܠܥܶܠ above);—Dn 6:3 עֵ֫לָּא מִנְּהוֹן above (over) them (cf. Cooke ^96:2, Dt 28:43 𝔗).

† עִלָּה n.f. matter, affair, occasion (Syriac ܥܶܠܬܳܐ, v. BH I. עלל);—abs. ע׳ Dn 6:5^(×2), 6 (= ground of accusation).

† [עֲלַל] vb. go or come in (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH III. עלל);—

Pe. Pf. 3 ms. עַל Dn 2:16; c. עַל pers. v 24; c. לְבַיְתֵהּ 6:11, so 3 fs. עללת Kt, עַלַּת Qr 5:10; Pt. עללין Kt, עָלִּין Qr, abs. 4:4; 5:8.

Haph. bring in, c. קֳדָם pers.: Pf. 3 ms. הַנְעֵל (K^{§ 11, 4. b}; so Egyptian Aramaic, S-C ^{G 6, 7, 24, 27} הנעלת; cf. D^{§ 71. 7; Dial.-Proben, p. 4}); Dn 2:25 (ל acc. pers.), 6:19 (acc. rei); Imv. ms. sf. pers., הַעֵלְנִי 2:24; Inf. לְהַנְעָלָה 4:3 (ל acc. pers.); no קֳדָם pers., לֶהֶעָלָה 5:7 (id.).

Hoph. (W^{CG 225}) be brought, subj. pers. + קֳדָם pers.: Pf. 3 ms. הֻעַל Dn 5:13, 3 mpl. הֻעַ֫לּוּ v 15.

† [מֶעָל] n. [m.] going in (Syriac, 𝔗^J; 𝔗^Onk, etc., מַעֲלָנָא);—pl. cstr. מֶעָלֵי שִׁמְשָׁא Dn 6:15 i.e. sunset (so read Nö^{GGA, 1884, 1020} Str M Bev, cf. Syriac ܡܰܥܰܠ, ܡܰܥܳܠܰܝ; > van d. H. Gi מֵעָלֵי, Baer מַעֲלֵי; cf. K^{§ 60, Beisp. b)}).

† עָלַם n.[m.] perpetuity, antiquity (v. BH III. עלם, עוֹלָם);—ע׳ abs. Dn 3:33 +, cstr. 7:18; emph. עָֽלְמָא 2:20 +; pl. עָֽלְמִין 2:4 +, emph. עָֽלְמַיָּא 2:44; 7:18;—perpetuity in the future: מַלְכוּת ע׳ Dn 3:33; 7:27, cf. 4:31; 7:14; ע׳ as adv. for ever 4:31; עַד־עָֽלְמָא וְעַד־עָלַם עָֽלְמַיָּא 7:18; pl. לְע׳ for ever 2:4, 44^(×2); 3:9; 5:10; 6:7, 22, 27; antiquity, מִן־יוֹמָת עָֽלְמָא Ezr 4:15, 19; of limitless time both past and future: מִן־ע׳ וְעַד־ע׳ Dn 2:20.

† עֵלְמָיֵא n.gent.pl. Elamites (cf. BH עֵילָם);—Ezr 4:9.

† [עֲלַע] n.f. rib (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH I. צלע, צֵלָע);—pl. abs. עִלְעִין Dn 7:5.

[עֲלָת] v. עלה.

† עַם n.m. ^{Ezr 6:12} people (v. BH I. עמם, עַם);—ע׳ abs. Dn 2:44; 3:29; Ezr 6:12, cstr. Dn 7:27; emph. עַמָּה Ezr 5:12, עַמָּא 7:13, 16, 25; pl. emph. עַמְמַיָּא (K^{§§ 15 d); 55, 5 a)}) Dn 3:4, 7^(×2), 31; 5:19; 6:26; 7:14.

עִם₂₂ prep. with (BH עִם: so 𝔗 Syriac (ܥܰܡ) and general Aramaic);—sf. עִמִּי †Dn 3:32, עִמָּךְ †Ezr 7:13, עִמֵּהּ †Dn 2:22, עִמְּהוֹן †Ezr 5:2;—

1. a. together with, Dn 2:18, 43; 7:13 עִם־עֲנָנֵי שְׁמַיָּא, Ezr 5:2 +; whose dwelling, portion, etc., is with Dn 2:11, 22; 4:12; 5:21. b. to speak with Dn 6:22, to make war with 7:21; to do with (= towards) 3:22 דִּי עֲבַד עִמִּי (cf. ψ 86:17), cf. Ezr 6:8; שַׁוִּי עִם to make like to Dn 5:21.

†2. of time, Dn 3:33 = 4:31 עִם־דָּר וְדָר (co-exists) with all generations (cf. BH 1 g); 7:2 עִם־לֵילְיָא during the night.

† [עֲמִיק] adj. deep (v. BH עמק);—fpl. emph., as n., עֲמִיקָתָא Dn 2:22 the deep things.

† עֲמַר n.m. wool (𝔗 Syriac; EgyptianAramaic עמר S-C^{G 7, 10}, קמר id.^{H 5}; cf. Mand. אקאמרא, Nö^{M 72}; v. BH צמר);—abs. Dn 7:9.

† I. [עֲנָה] vb. answer (v. BH I. עָנָה);—

Pe. Pf. 3 fs. עֲנַת Dn 5:10; 3 mpl. עֲנוֹ 2:7 +; Pt. act. (עֲנָה Nö^{GGA, 1884, 1021}) עָנֵה 2:5 +, pl. עָנַיִן (K^{§ 47 Beisp. ε)}) 3:24;—always + אמר Pt., answered and said (ל [or קֳדָם] pers. usually foll. אמר; foll. ע׳ 2:10, 27, 47):— 1. answer, make reply, to something said: Dn 2:5, 7, 8, 10, 27; 3:16, 24, 25; 4:16 b; 5:17; 6:13, 14. 2. respond to occasion, speak in view of a situation: 2:15, 20, 26, 47; 3:9, 14, 19, 24, 26, 28; 4:16 a, 27; 5:7, 10, 13; 6:17, 21; 7:2.

† כְּעַן adv. now (so Egyptian Aramaic (CIS^{ii. 137} = Cooke^{No. 73} RÉS ^{361 B} S-C^{Pap. C 5}); 𝔗, e.g. Nu 22:4: עַן prob. a subst. from [עָנָה] the √ of עֵת (p. 773a), time; so כְּעַן lit. at (this) time = Heb. עַתָּה: K^{§ 67, 4});—Dn 2:23 וּכְעַן הוֹדַעְתַּנִי, 3:15; 4:34; 5:12, 15, 16; 6:9; Ezr 4:13, 14, 21; 5:17; 6:6; עַד־כְּעַן until now Ezr 5:16 (so 𝔗 Gn 18:22 +).

† כְּעֶ֫נֶת and (Ezr 4:17) contr. כְּעֶת adv. now (f. of כְּעַן; so first SS Torrey^{JBL 16 (1897), 166 ff.}; now confirmed by Egyptian Aramaic כענת Cowley ^{PSBA xxv. 264, 311, 312} (= RÉS ^492–4 = S-C ^{M, N, O}); וכ׳ formerly taken to mean and so forth);—always וּכ׳, and always in a letter, introducing the business of the letter, and to be connected with what follows, not, as MT, with what precedes: Ezr 4:10 (del., as introduced by error from end of v 11), v 11 (joining to v 12) and now, let it be known, etc., v 17 f. and now, the letter which, etc., 7:12 f. and now, I make a decree, etc. (cf. וְעַתָּה similarly in letters 2 K 5:6; 10:2, and καὶ νῦν 2 Macc. 1:6).

II. ענה (√ of foll.; v. BH III. ענה, עָנָו, עָנִי).

† [עֲנָי] K^{§ 57 a) β)} Str, or עֲנֵא cf. Buhl, M] adj. poor, needy;—pl. abs. עֲנָיִ֑ן (Baer Gi K^I.c.), or עֲנָ֑יִן (van d. H. Buhl M^77*; cf. D^{§ 39, 1}) as n. Dn 4:24 the poor. Or [עֲנֵה]; v. Pognon Inscr. Sém. 173 A 1.

ענן (√ of following; v. BH ענז, עֵז).

† [עֵז] n.[f.] (she-)goat;—pl. עִזִּין Ezr 6:17.

† [עֲנָן K^{§ 57 a) α)}] n.[m.

† [עֲנַף] n.[m.] bough (v. BH ענף);—pl. sf. עַנְפ֫וֹהִי Dn 4:9, 11^(×2), 18.

† עֲנָשׁ (K^{§ 57 a) α)}) n.[m.] amercing, confiscation (not 𝔗 Syriac; v. BH);—cstr. ע׳ נִכְסִין Ezr 7:26.

עֶנֶת v. כְּעֶנֶת sub I. [עֲנָה].

עפא (√ of foll.; 𝔗 עֲפָא Pa., Syriac ܥܦܳܐ Pa., enwrap, עֳפִי foliage, ܥܽܘܦܝܳܐ flower, etc., BH עפאים, עֳפָיִם as loan-word; cf. perhaps Assyrian upû, cloud(-mass)).

† [עֳפִי] n.m. ^{Dn 4:9} leafage, foliage;—sf. עָפְיֵהּ Dn 4:9, 11, 18.

† [עֲצַב] vb. pain, grieve (𝔗 (rare); v. BH I. עצב);—

Pe. Pt. pass., as adj.: בְּקָל עֲצִיב Dn 6:21 a pained voice (cf. 𝔗 Est 4:1, 𝔗 ^J Ex 12:31).

† עִקַּר (< ר—ָ K^{§ 59 c)}) n.[m.] root, stock (√ עקר, v. BH, and, on meaning of √, Schwally^{ZMG iii (1898), 140});—cstr. ע׳ שָׁרְשׁ֫וֹהִי Dn 4:12, 20, 23.

† [עֲקַר] vb. denom.

Hithpe. be rooted up;—Pf. 3 pl. (m.? v. K^{§ 23, 2}) אִתְעֲקַ֫רוּ Kt, fpl. -רָה Qr, Dn 7:8.

[עָר], עריך v. ערר.

† [עֲרַב] vb. mix (𝔗 (often); Syriac (rare); v. BH I. ערב);—

Pa. Pt. pass. מְעָרַב mixed with (ב) Dn 2:41, 43.

Hithpa. Pt. id.: מִתְעָרַב v 43 (עִם), pl. -רֲבִין v 43 (ב).

† [עֲרָד K^{§ 57 a) α)}] n.m. wild ass (𝔗 Syriac; √ ערד, perhaps = Arabic غرد give a cry Nö^{SBWAk. cxlii. v. II. 1900}, v. BH עָרוֹד as loan-word (K^{Aramaismen 72}, but dub. Nö^{ZMG lvii (1903), 413}));—pl.emph. עֲרָדַיָּא Dn 5:21.

‡ † [עַרְוָה] n.f. dishonour (√ ערה, BH be naked (q.v.), עֶרְוָה nakedness);—cstr. עַרְוַת Ezr 4:14.

ערר (√ of foll., cf. BH II. צָרַר, iii. צַר).

‡ † [עָר M^77*] n. m. foe (cf. JAram. עֲרָר objection; on dub. BH עָר v. p. 786);—pl. sf. עריך Kt (K^{§ 53 Anm. b)}), עָרָךְ Qr Dn 4:16.

† עֲשַׂב n.[m.] herbage, grass (v. BH עשׂב);—emph. עִשְׂבָּא, as fodder: Dn 4:12, 22, 29, 30; 5:21.

† עֲשַׂר, עַשְׂרָה n. m. et f. a ten (v. BH);—m. (foll. n.f.) Dn 7:7, 20, 24; f. (before n.m.) v 24; תְּרֵי עֲשַׂר = twelve (foll. n.m.) 4:26 Ezr 6:17.

† עֶשְׂרִין n.pl. indecl. twenty;—מְאָה וְע׳ Dn 6:2 (follows n.m.).

† [עֲשִׁת], עֲשִׁית (K^{§§ 38, 1 α); 17, 2 Anm. 2}) vb. think, plan (BH II. עשׁת (q.v.) as Aramaism; 𝔗 אִתְעַשֵּׁת, not Syriac);—Pf. 3 ms. (strictly Pt. pass. Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019; Syriac Gr. § 280} M ^78*) ע׳ Dn 6:4, sq. inf., plan to do so and so.

עֶת v. כְּעֶת.

† [עֲתִיד] adj. ready (v. BH I. עתד);—pl. עֲתִידִין Dn 3:15, sq. cl. c. דִּי.

† עַתִּיק adj. advanced, aged (BH (as Aramaism), √ עתק, q.v.);—cstr. (-מַיָּא) ע׳ יוֹמִין one advanced, aged, in days Dn 7:9, 13, 22 (cf. Syriac ܥܰܬܻܝܩ ܝܰܘ݇ܡܳܬܳܐ Ecclus 25:4 al., PS ³⁰¹¹).