ו

251

ו, Wāw, sixth letter; in modern Heb. = numeral 6; no evidence of this usage in OT times.

וְ, וּ, וָ demonstr. adv. and conj. so, then, and (Ph. Moab. Aram. ו; Ar. وَ; Eth. wa: As. u Dl:W (but between vbs. the usu. connective is the enclitic ma KAT:2. 508, Dl:§§ 82, 150). The use in Heb. shews that orig. וְ was not a merely copulative conj., but that it possessed a demonstrative force (cf. Dr:§ 122), which is often perceptible as such, though in other cases, from its being applied to denote mere juxtaposition or connexion [cf. Gk. τε, and Lat. tumtum = ‘ bothand, ’ both properly demonstratives: As. ma has also a demonstr. force, Dl:§ 79], it is less palpable)—וְ before shwa&atO;’ mobile or a labial is vocalized וּ; often before a tone-syll., when the word itself has a disj. accent, וָ (as :וָמַֽתִּי Gn 19:19; וָמֵ֖תוּ 33:13; וָמֵָת 44:9; :וָחָֽיָה Ex 1:16; וָיָ֑מָּה Jos 15:46; וָ֔ל֕אֹ 2 S 13:26; וָאָ֖רֶץ Is 26:19; וָקָ֔מוּ 49:7; :וָחָֽתָּה Je 48:1; וָרָֹע Ps 10:15); esp. when it forms with the preceding word a pair, whether of parallel or opposed ideas (as כֹּה וָכֹה Ex 2:12, מִי וָמִ֖י 10:8, אֶבֶן וָאָָבֶן Dt 25:13; דֹּר וָדָֹר 32:7 +; תֹּהוּ וָבֹ֔הוּ Gn 1:2, בְּהֵמָה וָרֶמֶֶשׂ 1:24, :טוֹב וָרָֽע 2:19, נָע וָנָ֖ד 4:12, וְקַיִץ וָחֶֹרֶף וְיוֹם וָלָ֖יְלָה 8:22, :קַח וָלֵֽח 12:19, :שָׁמַיִם וָאָֽרֶץ 14:19, אֲנִי וָאָָתָּה 31:44, אֲנִי וָהָוּא 41:11, עִבְרוּ וָשׁ֜וּבוּ Ex 32:27, אַתָּה וָהֵֶם Nu 16:16, אֱלֽהִים וָמֶָלָךְ 1 K 21:13, נִין וָנֶ֖כֶד Is 14:22, שֹׁד וָשֶׁ֖בֶר 59:7; and often: v. more fully Bö:§ 600); occas. also with a conj. accent (as :וָשַחי לְעֹלָֽם Gn 3:22 cf. Lv 18:5, וָמַ֣תְנוּ שָׁם 2 K 7:4, וָאָ֣רֶץ חֲדָשָָׁה Is 65:17, Pr 25:3, :שֹׁ֖ד וָשֶשׁבֶר גָּדֽוֹל Je 48:3, cf. 32:29).—וְ is used very freely and widely in Heb., but also with much delicacy, to express relations and shades of meaning which Western languages would usu. indicate by distinct particles. But in Heb. particles such as אוֹ, אָז, אַךְ, אָכֵן, אוּלָם, בַּעֲבוּר, לְמַעַן, לָכֵן, etc., were reserved for cases in which special emph. or distinctness was desired: their frequent use was felt instinctively to be inconsistent with the lightness and grace of movement which the Hebrew ear loved; and thus in AV, RV, words like or, then, but, notwithstanding, howbeit, so, thus, therefore, that, constantly appear, where the Heb. has simply וְ.

1. And, connecting both words (v. supra), and sentences (Gn 1:5 וְלַחשֶׁךְ קָרָא וג׳). When three, four, or more words follow, the conj. may connect them all, as Gn 7:21, 10:2 (6 t.) 24:35 (7 t.) Jos 7:24 (10 t.) 2 S 17:28 f.: often however it is prefixed only to the last, as Gn 5:32, 10:1, Dt 18:10 etc.; occas. even it connects only the first two, 1 K 8:47, Is 1:13, Ps 45:9, Jb 42:9. Remarkably, however, וְ as a mere conj. is, as a rule, not in classical Hebrew attached directly to verbs (esp. in the perf.), the construction with וְ consec. (v. 2) being (as in Moab.) preferred: thus יָחָא וַיִּבֶן is said, not יָחָא וּבָנָה. Exceptions in class. Heb. are (a) sts. where synonyms are coupled, as Nu 23:19 וְדִבֶּראָמַר , Dt 2:30, Ju 5:26, 1 S 12:2, Is 1:2 גדּלתי ורוממתי 2:11, 5:14, 8:8, 19:6, 29:20; (b) isolated cases, difficult to reduce to rule (perh. sts. due to text. error), as Gn 28:6, 38:5, Jud 3:23, 7:13, 16:18, 1 S 1:12, 3:13, 4:19, 5:7, 10:9, 17:38, 17:48, 25:20 al. (in other passages, appar. similar, the pf. and וְ has a frequent. force (v. 2), as Gn 37:3, Ex 36:29 f., Nu 10:17 f., 21:15, 21:20, 1 S 2:22, 16:14, 17:34 f. (v. Dr) 27:9, 2 S 16:13, 17:17, perh. also Gen. 15:6, 21:25, 34:5). In later parts of OT, prob. through Aram. influence, the pf. with simple וְ occurs more freq.: so esp. in Ec., where it is all but universal (e.g. 2:11, 2:12, 2:13, 2:15 etc.). With the impf., the simple וְ is not so unidiomatic, even in class. Heb. (cf. 3); v. Gen 1:9, 1:26, 9:27, 17:2, 22:17, 27:29, Ex 23:8 (freq.) 24:7, Nu 14:12, Dt 17:13, 30:12, 30:13, Jos 3:13, 7:3, Ju 7:3, 13:8, Is 5:29, 14:10; oft. also in Je, Is:2, Jb, Psalm, e.g. Is 40:30, 41:20 (Dr:§ 116: contrast 28:13). Vid. more fully Dr:§ 130–4 Ges:§ 112. 6. Special senses:—a. it sts. = and specially, Gn 3:16, 1 K 11:1 many strange women, and specially the daughter of Ph., Is 1:1 Judah and (= and particularly) Jerusalem, 2:1, 9:7, Ps 18:1. b. and in particular (‘und zwar’), and that (explicative), Gn 4:4, Ju 7:22, 1 S 17:40 וּבַיַּלְקוּט, 28:3 in Ramah, and that in his city (unusual: text suspicious), 2 S 13:20 וְשֹׁמֵמָה and that desolate, Is 57:11 I have been silent וּמֵעוֹלָם and that from of old, Is 32:7, Je 15:13, Am 3:11 (si vera l.), 4:10, Zc 9:9 b, Mal 1:11, Ps 68:10, Pr 3:12, La 3:26, Ec 8:2, Dn 1:3, 8:10, 9:25, 9:27, Ne 8:13, 1 Ch 9:27, 2 Ch 8:13, 29:27 (but‘ even’ for ו, before ל and inf., e.g. in Is 44:28, Je 17:10, 19:12, is wrong; v. Ew:§ 351 c, Dr:§ 206). c. sts. it introduces an idea which so exceeds or adds to what has preceded, that it is nearly equivalent to also, 1 S 25:43, 1 K 2:22 ask also the kingdom for him; unusually Ho 8:6 כי מישׂראל והוא for of Isr. is it also, Ec 5:6 והבלים (v. De) 2 Ch 27:5 (but v. LXX). Or it may be rendered yea: so esp. in the ascending numerations 3–4 Am 1:3, 1:6, 1:9, 1:11, 1:13, 2:1, 2:4, 2:6, Pr 30:18, 30:21, 30:29, 6–7, Pr 6:16, Jb 5:19, 7–8, Mi 5:4—the first number being aggravated, or augmented, by a higher. In one idiom וּגְבוּל, occurring in geogr. descriptions, it is used peculiarly, seemingly = at the same time: † Nu 34:6 and as for the W. border, וְהָיָה לָכֶם הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל וּגְבוּל the great sea shall be to you also (Germ. ‘zugleich’) a border, Dt 3:16 תּוֹךְ הַנַּחַל וּגְבוּל the middle of the stream being at the same time the border, v:17, Jos 13:23, 13:27, 15:12, 15:47 (but these, exc. Nu 34:6, might be cases of 5 c γ). d. it connects alternative cases, so that it = or: Ex 20:10, 20:17, 21:16 he that stealeth a man וּמְכָרוֹ וְנִמְחָא בְיָדוֹ and selleth him, and (= or if) he be found in his hand, v:17, Lv 21:14, 22:23, 22:24, Pr 29:9 (Fl Ew RV: whetheror) Jb 31:13, 31:16, 31:26, etc. e. it connects contrasted ideas, where in our idiom the contrast would be expressed explicitly by but; in such cases prominence is usu. given to the contrasted idea by its being placed immed. after the conj.: Gn 2:17 but of the tree of the knowledgethou shalt not eat, 4:2, 4:5, 6:8, 17:21, 31:10 etc., 1 K 2:26, 10:7, 11:32, 11:34, 15:14, Pr 10:1, 10:2, 10:3, 10:4 + oft.; even after לאֹ (where כִּי or כִּי אִם might be expected), as Gn 42:10, Ex 21:18, Lv 26:45, Dt 11:11, Ju 19:12, 1 K 3:11. f. it introduces a contrasted idea in such a way as to suggest a question, esp. before a pron., Ju 14:16 I told it not to my father or my mother, וְלָךְ אַגִּיד and shall I told it unto thee? 2 S 11:11, Je 25:29 וְאַתֶּם הִנָּקֵה תִנָּקוּ and shall ye be guiltless? 45:5, Ez 20:31, 33:25 b, Jon 4:11. So the וְ consec. and pf. (see 2 a), Ex 5:5 וְהִשְׁבַּתֶּם and will ye make them rest from their burdens? Nu 16:10 וּבִקַּשְׁתֶּם and seek ye the priesthood also? 1 S 25:11, Is 66:9, Ps 50:21 and shall I keep silence? Jb 32:16 (cf. Dr:§ 119 γ). g. attaching a fresh subj. (or obj.) to a clause already grammatically complete, it = and also, Gn 2:9 b, Nu 16:2, 16:18 and they stood at the entrance of the tent of meeting, ומשׁה ואהרן and Moses and Aaron (stood also), v:27, Ex 35:22, Ju 6:5, Gn 1:16 b, 12:17, 44:2, 46:15, Ex 29:3, Je 32:29 (cf. Dr:Sm. i. 6, 11, & p. 293): when the idea thus attached is subordinate, or not logically embraced in the principal pred., it approximates to the Arab. وَاوُ الْمَعِيَّةِ or ‘waw of association’ (foll. by an accus.: W:AG ii. § 37), Est 4:16 אֲנִי וְנַעֲרֹתַי אָחוּם I will fast (sing.) and (= with) my maidens, Ex 21:4, 1 S 25:42, 29:10 b (but insert here אַתָּה with LXX) 2 S 12:30 (but read וּבָהּ, as 1 Ch 20:2) 20:10, Ne 6:12; Gn 4:20, Is 42:5, Je 19:1 (but read וְלָקַחְתָּ֫ מזקני with LXX) 2 Ch 2:3, 13:11; cf. Je 22:7 (אִישׁ וְכֵלָיו), Jb 41:12. Whether Is 48:16 וְרוּחוֹ belongs here, is dub. h. וְ repeated = bothand (but גַּםגַּם ) is more usual in this sense); Gn 34:28, Nu 9:14, Jos 9:23, 2 S 5:8 (txt. dub.), Is 16:5, 38:15, Je 13:14, 21:6, 32:14 (txt. dub.) v:20, 40:8, Ps 76:7, Jb 34:29, Dn 8:13, Ne 12:28. i. a repetition of the same word with וְ interposed expresses (a) diversity (rare), Dt 25:13 אֶבֶן וָאֶבֶן a weight and a weight, i.e. different weights (explained by גְּדֹלָה וּקְטַנָּה), v:14, Pr 20:23; Ps 12:3 בְּלֵב וָלֵב with a heart and a heart = with a double heart, 1 Ch 12:33 בְּלאֹ לֵב וָלֵב; (b) distribution (exc. in דֹּר וָדֹר Dt 32:7, Is 13:20 + oft. exclusively a late usage: cf. Dr:Intr. 505) † Ps 87:5, 1 Ch 26:13 :לְשַׁעַר וָשָֽׁעַר = for every gate, 28:14, 28:14, 2 Ch 8:14, 34:13, 35:15, Ezr 10:14 זִקְנֵי עִיר וָעִיר elders of every city, Ne 13:24, Est 1:8, 1:22, 1:22, 2:12, 3:4, 3:12, 3:12, 3:12, 3:12, 8:9, 8:9; strengthened by כָּל־ 2 Ch 11:12 בכל עיר ועיר in every several city, 19:5, 28:25, 31:19, 32:28, Est 2:11 בכל־יום ויום, 3:14, 4:3, 8:11, 8:13, 8:17, 8:17, 9:21, 9:27, 9:28, Ps 45:18, 145:13 (common in post B. Heb., esp. with כל). j. it is used in the formulation of proverbs (the Vav adaequationis, וָו הִשְׁתַּוָּאָה) as Pr 17:3, 25:3, 25:20, 25:25 cold waters to a thirsty soul and good news from a far country (i.e. they are like each other), 26:3, 26:9, 26:14, 26:20, 27:21, Ec 5:2, 7:1, 8:8 cf. 9:11; Ps 19:5, 125:2, Jb 14:11 f, 14:19 (cf. in Arab. ‘every man and his cares [accus.],’ ‘every thing and its price,’ i.e. they go together: ‘merchants and dogs [accus.] of Seleucia,’ i.e. they are like one another: v. Fl:Kl. Schr. iii. 535 f.). More rarely in the opp. order, Jb 5:7, 12:11. But 1 S 12:15 b cannot be thus explained: rd. with LXX וּבְמַלְכְּכֶם, and v. Dr. k. in circumstantial clauses וְ introduces a statement of the concomitant conditions under which the action denoted by the principal verb takes place: in such cases, the relation expressed by וְ must often in Engl. be stated explicitly by a conj., as when, since, seeing, though, etc., as occasion may require. So very often, as Gn 11:4 let us build a tower וְראֹשׁוֹ בַשָּׁמַיִם and its top in the heavens (= with its top in etc.), 18:12 shall I have pleasure, וַאדֹנִי זָקֵן and my lord is old (= my lord being old)? Ju 16:15 How sayest thou, I love thee, וְלִבְּךָ אֵין אִתִּי and (= when) thy heart is not with me? and esp. with a pers. pron., Gn 15:2 what wilt thou give me וְאָנֹכִי הֹלֵךְ עֲרִירִי and I (= the case being that I) am going hence childless? 18:13, 20:3 lo, thou wilt die because of the woman thou hast taken :וְהִוא בְּעֻלַת בָּֽעַל = seeing she is married, 24:62 וְהוּא ישֵׁב = since or for he was dwelling (different from וַיֵּשֶׁב = and he proceeded to dwell), 26:27 וְאַתֶּם seeing ye hate me, Ju 13:9 and came to her וְהִיא ישֶׁבֶת = as she was sitting, 1 S 18:23, 1 K 19:19 + oft. Of a more except. type are Ps 72:12 the afflicted וְאֵין־עֹזֵר לוֹ and (= when) he has no helper (cf. Jb 29:12), 104:25 וְאֵין מִסְפָּר, 105:34, Jb 5:9. Vid. more fully Dr:§ 156–60 Ges:§ 141, R 2. (The analogous use of the وَاوُ الْحَالِ is very common in Arabic: W:ii. § 183.) Introducing an appeal to a fact confirmatory of some statement or promise, it almost = as truly as (cf. Ew:§ 340 c) Ho 12:6 and J. is God of hosts, J. is his name! Jo 4:20, Am 9:5–6, Is 51:15 and I [who promise this] am J. thy God, who .! Je 29:23, Ps 89:38 b (comp. in Qor. the freq. ‘And God is .[the mighty, the merciful, etc.]’).

2. The ו consecutive (formerly called the Waw ‘conversive’);—a. with the impf. (•וַ with foll. daghesh; before א, וָ), as וַיּאֹמֶר prop. = and he proceeded to say, chiefly in contin. of a preceding perfect tense (so Moab.); b. with the perf. (וְ,—in 1 & 2 sg., the tone, with certain exceptions [v. Dr:§ 110], being thrown forward to the ultima), as וְיָֽשַׁבְתָּ֫ prop. so [viz. as limited by a verb, or other term, preceding] hadst thou sat, chiefly in continuation of a preceding imperfect tense, in its various senses of future, jussive, or frequentative. The further analysis of these idioms belongs to the grammar; see on a Dr:Ch. vi., Ges:§ 111, and on b Dr:Ch. viii. Ges:§ 112. Here it must suffice to note—(a) ו consec. (esp. with the impf.) freq. couples two verbs in such a manner that the first, indicating the general character of the action, receives its closer definition in the second: in such cases, the first may often be represented in Engl. by an adv., as Gn 26:18 וַיָּשָׁב וַיַּחְפֹּר and he turned and dug = and he dug again; so oft.; and similarly with הוֹסִיף Gn 25:1, מִהַר 24:18, הוֹאִיל Jos 7:7, etc.; more exceptionally, Gn 30:27, Est 8:6, and (not consec.) Gn 47:6, Jb 23:3, Ct 2:3, La 3:26 (v. Ges:§ 120, 2 a; cf. in Syr. Nö:§ 335–6. In Arab. the stronger form of the conj. فَ here corresponds: W:ii. § 140). (b) •וַ with the impf. sts. expresses a contrast = and yet, Gn 32:31 I have seen God face to face וַתִּנָּחֵל and yet my soul is delivered, Dt 4:33, 2 S 3:8, 19:29, Is 51:12, Ps 73:14, 144:3, Jb 10:8 + (cf. Dr:§ 74 β). (c) there is a tendency in the later books of the OT to use the pf. with simple וְ, where the classical language would employ the impf. with •וַ (cf. supr. 1); so esp. in Ec, where •ַ occurs thrice only, 1:17, 4:1, 4:7. (d) a double pf. with ו consec. is sts. used, informally but neatly, with a hypoth. force; thus (a) in past or present time Ex 16:21 :וְחַם הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְנָמָֽס and the sun used to be warm, and it used to melt = and if (or when) the sun was warm, it melted, 33:10, 1 K 18:10, Je 18:4, 18:8 וְֹשָׁב וְנִחַמְתִּ֫י = and if it turns, I repent, 20:9 (v. RV); (β) in fut. time, Gn 44:22 ועזב אביו ומת and he will leave his father, and he will die = and if he leaves his father, he will die, 33:13, 42:38, Ex 4:14, 12:13, 1 S 16:2, 19:3, Ez 33:3, 39:15 etc. (Dr:§ 147–9, Ges:§ 159. 2 e).

3. With a voluntative (cohort. or juss.) וְ expresses an intention, that or so that (an elegancy by which the too frequent use of לְמַעַן or בַּעֲבוּר is avoided): Ex 10:17 entreat God, וְיָסֵר so may he remove (= that he may remove) this death, Gn 27:4 and bring it me וְאֹכֵָלָה so let me eat (= that I may eat); and without the modal form being externally indicated, Ex 14:1 speakוְיָשֻׁבוּ that they return, v:15; and oft. Sts. even of past time, as 1 K 13:33 whom he would, he consecrated וִיהִי that there might be priests of the high places, 2 K 19:25, Is 25:9 a, La 1:19. After a neg., Ps 51:18 thou desirest not sacrifice, וְאֶתֵָּנָה so [= in that case] would I give it (or, that I might give it), 55:13 וְאֶשָּׂא so could I bear it (or, that I might bear it), Is 53:2 RVm Nu 23:19, Je 5:28 RV. Sts. also before an imv., Gn 12:2 and be (= that thou mayest be) a blessing, 2 S 21:3 +. See more fully Dr:§ 59–65, Ges:§ 108. 2; 109. 2; 110. 2. (In Arabic فَ with the subjunctive is used similarly: W:ii. § 15 d.) A volunt. is also sts. attached by וְ to a preceding volunt. or imv., so as to form a virtually hypothetical sentence, as Gn 42:18 זאֹת עֲשׂוּ וִחְיוּ = if you do this, you shall live, 30:28, 34:12, Pr 3:9 f., 4:4, 4:8, Is 55:2: v. Dr:§ 152.

4. It expresses often an informal inference, or consequence, so, then, esp. at the beginning of a speech: Gn 27:8, Ps 2:10 and often וְעַתָּה now, therefore; וְלָמָּה and וּמַדּוּעַ why, then? Gn 29:25, Nu 12:8, 16:3 +; Ex 2:20 וְאַיּוֹ where, then, is he? Gn 34:21, 1 S 15:14, 26:22 וְיַעֲבֹר let, then, come over, 2 S 24:3, 2 K 4:41, וּקְחוּ קֶמַח then bring meal, Ez 18:32. So the וְ consec. and the pf., as Dt 2:4 וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּם take heed, therefore, 4:15, 7:9 וְיָֽדַעְתָּ֫ know, therefore, 30:19, 1 S 6:5, 1 K 2:6, Ru 3:9; Jos 15:19, Is 40:6 b (Dr:§ 119 δ).

5. ו introduces the predicate or apodosis: viz. a. וְ consec. and the pf.—in answer to אִם or כִּי constantly, as Ex 19:5, 23:22 if thou hearkenest to my voice, וְאָֽיַבְתִּ֫י then am I (= I will be) enemy to thy enemies (v. Dr:§ 136–8); after the casus pendens, Ex 12:44 every servant that is bought for money, וּמַלְתָּ֫ה thou shalt circumcise him, etc. Nu 14:31, 24:24, 1 S 25:27, 2 S 14:10 he that spake unto thee, וַהֲבֵאתוֹ אֵלַי so hast thou brought him (= thou shalt bring him) unto me, Is 9:4, 56:6 f. +; Ex 12:15, 31:14, Dt 17:12 +; after various time-determinations, as Gn 3:5 in the day of your eating from it וְנִפְקְחוּ then shall your eyes be opened, Ex 16:6 עֶרֶב וִידַעְתֶּם at even, then shall ye know, v:7, 32:34, 2 S 15:10, 1 K 13:31 בְּמוֹתִי וּקְבַרְתֶּם אֹתִי when I die, so ye shall bury me, etc., + oft.; after conjs., as כִּי Gn 29:15, יַעַן 1 K 20:28, Is 3:16 f., תַּחַת 60:15, etc., (v. Dr:§ 123). b. •וַ consec. and the impf. (but much less frequently than the pf.), as Gn 30:30 the little that thou hadst, וַיִּפְרֹץ it hath increased, Ex 9:21, 2 S 4:10, 1 K 9:20 f., 15:13 +; after time-determinations, Gn 22:4 on the third day וַיִּשָּׂא then Abraham lifted up his eyes, 19:15, 27:34, 37:18, 1 S 6:6, 12:8, Is 6:1, Ho 11:1 when Isr. was a child, וָאֹהֲבֵהוּ then I loved him, +; occas. after conjs., as כַּאֲשֶׁר Ex 16:34, יַעַן 1 S 15:23, לְמַעַן Is 45:4, אִם Ps 59:16 (Dr:§ 127). c. in other cases (not ‘consecutive’)—all more or less uncommon: viz. a. וְ closely joined to the impf. Gn 13:9 if to the left, וְאֵימִינָה then I will take the right (cf. 2 S 12:8) Ex 12:3 on the 10th of the month וְיִקְחוּ then let them take, Nu 16:5, Is 43:4, Ho 4:6, 10:10, Ps 69:33, Jb 15:17; 2 S 22:41, Pr 23:24 Kt (Dr:§ 125); β. separated fr. the vb., Ex 8:22, Lv 7:16 וּמִמָּחֳרָת וְהַנּוֹתָר יֵאָכֵל and on the morrow, then the remainder shall be eaten, Jos 3:3, 1 K 8:32, Is 8:7, 48:7, Jb 14:7, 20:18 b, 23:12, 25:5, 32:14 +; γ. without a vb., Gn 40:9 בַּחֲלֽמִי וְהִנֵּה in my dream, behold, a vine was before me, v:16, 2 S 23:3 f., Pr 10:25, and the extreme cases 2 S 15:34 thy father's slave, וַאֲנִי מֵאָו I was that of old,—but now וַאֲנִי עַבְדְּךָ well, I will be thine, Is 34:12 (si vera l.), Jb 4:6 b תִּקְוָֽתְךָ וְתֹם דְּרָכֶיךָ thy confidence—it is the uprightness of thy ways, 36:26 מִסְפַּר שָׁנָיו וְלאֹ חֵקֶר Ges. seine Jahre, da ist kein Zählen (cf. Dr:§ 124–5, 128–9).—With 4, 5 comp. the Arab. فَ, W:i. § 366 b, 367 c; ii. § 187; Dr:§ 185 end.

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† וְדָן, appar. n.pr.loc., only in וְדָן וְיָוָן Ez 27:19 Wedān and Yāwān (cf. VB and reff.) but identif. wholly dub.; = Waddân near Medina acc. to Glas:Skizze ii. 428: LXX om.; text prob. corrupt, cf. Sta:Javan. 11 ff. Da al.; Ew Hi rd. דְּדָן, but דְּדָן is in following v., and anticipation improb., cf. Sta:l. c.; Co rds. (for ודן ויון) וְאַרְנָבָן, on the basis of Bab. & As. Aranabanim, Arnabani, n.pr.loc., following Ḫilbunim (חֶלְבּוֹן) in lists of places whence wine was brought (cf. יֵין חֶלְבּוֹן v:18, & LXX καὶ οἶνον for ויון; also COT Ez 27:18).

† וָהֵב, appar. n.pr.loc., אֶת־וָהֵב בְּסוּפָה Nu 21:14, obj. of a vb. now lost out of the text (cf. RV & esp. Di VB), situation unknown; LXX Ζωοβ, Ζοοβ; so Lag:BN 54 Say:Ac. Oct. 22, 1892 (זָהָב).

† [וָו] n.[m.] hook, pin or peg (etym. unknown)—pl. abs. וָוִים Ex 38:28; cstr. וָוֵי Ex 27:10 + 5 t.; וָיֵיהֶם Ex 26:32 + 5 t.;—only P, in description of tabernacle Ex 26:32, 26:37, 27:10, 27:11, 27:17, 36:36, 36:38, 38:10, 38:11, 38:12, 38:17, 38:19, 38:28, the hooks or pegs of gold and silver, fastened on, or in, the posts of the tabernacle, to support the various hangings (curtains, screens, etc.)

וזר (√ of foll.; cf. Ar. وَزَرَ bear a burden, or be guilty, yet v. Fl in De Pr 21:8).

† וָזָר adj. criminal, guilty חֲפַכְפַּךְ דֶּרֶךְ אִישׁ וָזָרָ Pr 21:8 crooked is the way of a guilty man (si vera l.; txt. dub.; possible dittogr. in וָזָר וְזַךְ?).

† וַיְזָתָא n.pr.m. (perhaps = Pers. n.pr.m. Vahyazdâta Benfey:Pers. Keilinschr. (1847) 18, 93 cf. Spieg:APK 240, who conjectures meaning given-of-the-Best-One (vom Besten gegeben)),—a son of Haman Est 9:9.

וָלָד, וֶלֶד v. sub ילד. p. 409

† וַנְיָה n.pr.m. one of those with strange wives, Ezr 10:36 (text dubious; LXXB Οὐιεχωα, א Οὐιερεχω, A Οὐουνια, LXXL Οὐανια).

† וָפְסִי n.pr.m. a man of Naphtali, in נַחְבִּי בֶּן־וָפְסִי Nu 13:14 (text dubious; LXX Ναβει υἱὸς ̓Ιαβει).

† וַשְׁנִי acc. to MT appar. n.pr.m. son of Samuel, only הַבְּכֹר וַשְׁנִי וַאֲבִיָּה 1 Ch 6:13, but rd. הַבְּכֹר יוֹאֵל וְהַשֵּׁנִי אביה cf. LXXL, and ‖ 1 S 8:2; v. Th:Sm Be:Ch Dr:Sm al.

† וַשְׁתִּי n.pr.f. (= Pers. (Zend) vahista, best, cf. Justi:Hdb. d. Zendsprache, 272) queen of Ahasuerus (Xerxes) king of Persia, Est 1:9, 1:11, 1:12, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:19, 2:1, 2:4, 2:17.